Hydrogen Production Facility and Control System Based on High-Temperature Gas

Abstract

According to one aspect of the present invention, a heat exchanger into which helium and a supply water are introduced so that helium and a supply water are heat-exchanged to generate steam; a helium heating device for heating the helium introduced into the heat exchanger; a hydrogen generation unit including a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack including a first cathode and a first anode into which steam generated in the heat exchanger is introduced to generate hydrogen; an electricity generation unit including a solid oxide fuel cell stack including a second anode and a second cathode into which steam generated in the heat exchanger is introduced to generate electricity; a flow channel connected to the heat exchanger, the helium heating device, the hydrogen generation unit, and the electricity generation unit to provide a passage through which helium, a supply water, steam, and hydrogen flow; a plurality of valves that are selectively opened and closed to control the flow of helium, a supply water, steam, and hydrogen in the flow channel; and a plurality of pressure sensors for detecting the pressure of the first cathode and the second anode. A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility may be provided, comprising a controller that controls the plurality of valves based on pressures detected by the plurality of pressure sensors, wherein the controller controls the plurality of valves to reduce the steam flowing into the first cathode when the pressure of the first cathode is greater than or equal to a preset first cathode reference pressure, and controls the plurality of valves to reduce the steam flowing into the second anode when the pressure of the second anode is greater than or equal to a preset second anode reference pressure.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a high-temperature gas furnace-based hydrogen production facility and control. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen production is broadly classified into reformed hydrogen, byproduct hydrogen, and electrolytic hydrogen. Reformed hydrogen is a method of separating hydrogen from substances containing intramolecular hydrogen, such as methane and ammonia, through an endothermic reaction using a catalyst; byproduct hydrogen is hydrogen produced as a byproduct from chemical processes, such as coke and naphtha; and electrolytic hydrogen is a method of producing hydrogen through the electrolysis of water. In conventional reformed and byproduct hydrogen production methods, a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated because combustion gases from burning LNG are used as the heat source for the endothermic reaction. All hydrogen production methods require a heat source for the endothermic reaction. The temperature ranges for endothermic reactions by hydrogen production method are shown in Table 1. The ultra-high temperature range is 750°C or higher, and high-temperature water electrolysis and steam methane reforming methods fall into this category. Hydrogen production facilities operating in the high-temperature range include ammonia cracking and methanol reforming methods. In the low-temperature range, alkaline water electrolysis and polymer electrolyte water electrolysis fall into this category, and it is a method of producing hydrogen by supplying steam in a low-temperature range of about 100 degrees Celsius.

[0003] The heat source methods for the endothermic reactions required for hydrogen production can be broadly categorized into combustion heating using fossil fuels, heat transfer methods that convert renewable energy into electrical energy for electric heating, and methods that utilize nuclear heat sources to directly send high-temperature steam to reforming reactors and water electrolyzers. The advantages of using fossil fuels as a heat source include low production costs at the current stage and stable technology backed by long-established production facilities. However, the massive carbon emissions—a major contributor to greenhouse gases—are detrimental to the environment and hinder the transition to a decarbonized era. Furthermore, the high dependence on foreign imports for LNG and fossil fuels creates critical flaws in energy source stability if supply becomes unavailable. To resolve these issues and align with the domestic industrial environment, the direct utilization of nuclear thermal energy through large-scale heat source facilities offers high energy efficiency and high utility as a dedicated distributed energy source within industrial complexes requiring large-scale energy, such as petrochemicals and steelmaking. Additionally, this decarbonization approach can lead to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

[0004] In addition, among hydrogen production and hydrogen-based electricity generation facilities, there are Solid Oxide Electrolyzer (SOEC) and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) plants that have high hydrogen production efficiency at high temperatures, and as a heat supply source utilizing nuclear heat, high-temperature gas reactors 1000 due to nuclear fission This is a method capable of providing the aforementioned decarbonization and high-temperature process heat. Helium is utilized as a medium to transfer heat generated from the high-temperature gas furnace, and steam is supplied to the SOEC or SOFC using the high-temperature process heat from the helium.

[0005] Meanwhile, conventionally, there is a problem in that the solid oxide water electrolyzer (SOEC) or solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) may be damaged by steam and heated air supplied to one or more of the solid oxide water electrolyzer (SOEC) or solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Prior art literature

[0006] Korean Published Patent Application 10-2025-0004337 (Published Jan. 07, 2025) The problem to be solved

[0007] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility and control capable of preventing damage to a solid oxide fuel cell stack and a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack. means of solving the problem

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, a heat exchanger into which helium and a supply water are introduced so that helium and a supply water are heat-exchanged to generate steam; a helium heating device for heating the helium introduced into the heat exchanger; a hydrogen generation unit including a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack including a first cathode and a first anode into which steam generated in the heat exchanger is introduced to generate hydrogen; an electricity generation unit including a solid oxide fuel cell stack including a second anode and a second cathode into which steam generated in the heat exchanger is introduced to generate electricity; a flow channel connected to the heat exchanger, the helium heating device, the hydrogen generation unit, and the electricity generation unit to provide a passage through which helium, a supply water, steam, and hydrogen flow; a plurality of valves that are selectively opened and closed to control the flow of helium, a supply water, steam, and hydrogen in the flow channel; and a plurality of pressure sensors for detecting the pressure of the first cathode and the second anode. A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility may be provided, comprising a controller that controls the plurality of valves based on pressures detected by the plurality of pressure sensors, wherein the controller controls the plurality of valves to reduce the steam flowing into the first cathode when the pressure of the first cathode is greater than or equal to a preset first cathode reference pressure, and controls the plurality of valves to reduce the steam flowing into the second anode when the pressure of the second anode is greater than or equal to a preset second anode reference pressure. Effects of the invention

[0009] One embodiment of the present invention has the effect of preventing damage to the solid oxide fuel cell stack and the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack.

[0010] In addition, one embodiment has the effect that the water level of the supply water contained inside the heat exchanger can maintain a reference water level. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0011] FIG. 1 is a drawing showing the appearance of a helium flow line of a high-temperature gas furnace-based hydrogen production facility according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the appearance of a heated air line and a heated steam line of a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger of Figure 3 cut along A-A'. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger of Figure 3 cut along B-B'. Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the upper side of the heat exchanger of Figure 4. Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the lower side of the heat exchanger of Figure 4. FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a control method for protecting a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack of a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a control method for protecting a solid oxide fuel cell stack of a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0012] Hereinafter, specific embodiments for implementing the technical concept of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0013] In addition, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of related known components or functions may obscure the essence of the invention, such detailed description is omitted.

[0014] Furthermore, when it is mentioned that one component is 'supported,' 'connected,' or 'contacted' with another component, it should be understood that while it may be directly supported, connected, or contacted by that other component, there may also be other components present in between.

[0015] The terms used in this specification are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0016] Furthermore, it should be noted in advance that expressions such as "upper side," "lower side," and "side" in this specification are described based on the drawings, and may be expressed differently if the orientation of the object changes. For the same reason, some components in the attached drawings may be exaggerated, omitted, or schematically depicted, and the size of each component does not entirely reflect its actual size.

[0017] Additionally, terms including ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various components, but such components are not limited by such terms. These terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

[0018] The meaning of "comprising" as used in the specification specifies certain characteristics, regions, integers, steps, actions, elements, and / or components, and does not exclude the existence or addition of other specific characteristics, regions, integers, steps, actions, elements, components, and / or groups.

[0019] Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a high-temperature gas furnace-based hydrogen production facility (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The high-temperature gas furnace-based hydrogen production facility (1) can produce one or more of hydrogen and electricity. The high-temperature gas furnace-based hydrogen production facility (1) may include a heat exchanger (10), a helium heating device (20), a hydrogen generation unit (30), an electricity generation unit (40), a flow channel (50), a tank (60), a plurality of valves (70), a plurality of pumps (80), a sensor unit (90), a helium control unit (A), a water supply control unit (B), a hydrogen control unit (C), an electricity control unit (D), and a controller (E).

[0020] Referring further to FIGS. 3 to 5, the heat exchanger (10) can simultaneously generate steam and heated air. The heated air may contain oxygen. In other words, the heat exchanger (10) can simultaneously supply steam and heated air to a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (SOEC) and a solid oxide fuel cell stack (SOFC), respectively. The heat exchanger (10) may include a heat exchange section (100), a first manifold (200), a second manifold (300), and an insulation section (400).

[0021] The heat exchanger (100) can generate steam and heated air by means of air, supply water, and helium gas flowing into it. Additionally, the heat exchanger (100) may be formed to extend in one direction. Hereinafter, the one direction is described as the up-and-down direction, but is not limited thereto. The heat exchanger (100) may include a heat exchange housing (110), a supply water inlet pipe (120), a gas flow pipe (130), an air inlet (140), and an air outlet (150).

[0022] The heat exchange housing (110) can support the supply water inlet pipe (120) and the gas flow pipe (130). In other words, at least a portion of the supply water inlet pipe (120) and at least a portion of the gas flow pipe (130) can be placed in the internal space of the heat exchange housing (110). Additionally, air introduced from the air inlet (140) can be accommodated in the internal space of the heat exchange housing (110).

[0023] Supply water provided from the second manifold (300) can be introduced into the supply water inlet pipe (120). The supply water introduced into the supply water inlet pipe (120) can be formed into steam by heat exchange with helium flowing in the gas flow pipe (130). The supply water inlet pipe (120) can be extended in the vertical direction. In other words, the supply water inlet pipe (120) can be extended from the first manifold (200) to the second manifold (300) so as to penetrate the internal space of the heat exchange housing (110). The lower part of the supply water inlet pipe (120) can be supported on the upper part of the second manifold (300) to allow supply water to be introduced and can be connected to the supply water flow space (S4) to be described later. The upper part of the supply water inlet pipe (120) can discharge steam to the first manifold (200). The upper part of the supply water inlet pipe (120) is supported by the lower part of the first manifold (200) and can be connected to the steam flow space (S2) to be described later. In addition, the supply water inlet pipe (120) may be formed in multiple numbers.

[0024] The gas flow pipe (130) can receive helium gas supplied from the first manifold (200). The helium gas flowing in the gas flow pipe (130) can generate steam by exchanging heat with the supply water. The helium gas flowing in the gas flow pipe (130) can generate heated air by exchanging heat with the air in the heat exchange housing (110). The heated air can be formed at a temperature higher than that of air. The gas flow pipe (130) can be extended in the vertical direction. In other words, the gas flow pipe (130) can be extended from the first manifold (200) to the second manifold (300) so as to penetrate the internal space of the heat exchange housing (110). The upper part of this gas flow pipe (130) can be supported on the first flange (220) by penetrating the steam flow space (S2), which will be described later, so that the helium gas from the first manifold (200) can be introduced. The lower part of the gas flow pipe (130) may be supported by a second flange (320), which will be described later, to discharge helium gas to the second manifold (300). The vertical length of the gas flow pipe (130) may be formed to be longer than the vertical length of the supply water inlet pipe (120). In other words, the upper part of the gas flow pipe (130) may be positioned above the upper part of the supply water inlet pipe (120). Additionally, the lower part of the gas flow pipe (130) may be positioned below the lower part of the supply water inlet pipe (120).

[0025] Additionally, the gas flow pipes (130) may be formed in multiple numbers. Some of the multiple gas flow pipes (130) may be inserted into each of the multiple supply water inlet pipes (120) so that the supply water and helium gas can heat exchange. The first gas flow pipe (131) and the second gas flow pipe (132) of the multiple gas flow pipes (130) may be included.

[0026] The first gas flow pipe (131) can be inserted into each of the plurality of supply water inlet pipes (120). The helium gas flowing in the first gas flow pipe (131) can exchange heat with the supply water introduced into the supply water inlet pipe (120).

[0027] The second gas flow pipe (132) can be positioned between a plurality of supply water inlet pipes (120). In other words, the second gas flow pipe (132) can be positioned outside the supply water inlet pipes (120). Additionally, the helium gas flowing in the second gas flow pipe (132) can exchange heat with the air of the heat exchange housing (110).

[0028] The air inlet (140) can provide a passage for injecting air into the internal space of the heat exchange housing (110). Through this air inlet (140), air can flow into the internal space of the heat exchange housing (110) and exchange heat with the helium gas flowing in the second gas flow pipe (132) to form heated air. The air inlet (140) can be connected to the lower side of the heat exchange housing (110).

[0029] The air outlet (150) may provide a passage for discharging heated air flowing in the internal space of the heat exchange housing (110) to the outside of the heat exchange housing (110). Through this air outlet (150), heated air can be discharged from the internal space of the heat exchange housing (110) to the outside of the heat exchange housing (110). The air outlet (150) may be connected to the upper side of the heat exchange housing (110).

[0030] Referring further to FIG. 6, the first manifold (200) is positioned on one side of the heat exchanger (100) to supply helium gas introduced from the outside to the heat exchanger (100). In other words, the first manifold (200) can be positioned on the upper side of the heat exchanger (100). Through this first manifold (200), the helium gas can flow into the gas flow pipe (130). Steam generated from the supply water inlet pipe (120) can be introduced into the first manifold (200). Additionally, the first manifold (200) can discharge steam to the outside. In other words, the first manifold (200) may include a first manifold housing (210), a first flange (220), a gas inlet (230), and a steam outlet (240).

[0031] The first manifold housing (210) is positioned above the heat exchanger (100) and can provide an internal space. The internal space of the first manifold housing (210) can be divided into a gas inlet space (S1) and a steam flow space (S2) by the first flange (220).

[0032] The gas inlet space (S1) can be used for helium gas introduced from the outside to flow. The gas inlet space (S1) can be positioned above the steam flow space (S2). The gas inlet space (S1) can be connected to the upper portions of a plurality of gas flow pipes (130). In other words, the helium gas flowing in the gas inlet space (S1) can flow into the gas flow pipes (130).

[0033] The steam flow space (S2) can be used for steam discharged from the supply water inlet pipe (120). In other words, the steam flow space can be connected to the upper portions of the multiple supply water inlet pipes (120). The steam flow space (S2) can be positioned between the heat exchanger (100) and the gas flow pipe (130). In other words, the steam flow space (S2) can be positioned above the heat exchanger (100) and below the gas inlet space (S1).

[0034] The first flange (220) can divide the internal space of the first manifold housing (210) into a gas inlet space (S1) and a steam flow space (S2). The first flange (220) can divide the internal space of the first manifold housing (210) in a horizontal direction, but is not limited thereto. Additionally, the first flange (220) can support the upper portions of a plurality of gas flow pipes (130).

[0035] The gas inlet (230) can inject external helium gas into the first manifold housing (210). In other words, the gas inlet (230) can be connected to the gas inlet space (S1) to allow helium gas to be injected into the gas inlet space (S1) and provide a passage through which helium gas flows. The helium gas injected by the gas inlet (230) may be high-temperature helium gas. For example, the temperature of the helium gas may be 500°C to 1000°C. The gas inlet (230) may be positioned on the upper side of the first manifold housing (210).

[0036] The steam outlet (240) can discharge steam from the first manifold housing (210) to the outside. In other words, the steam outlet (240) can be connected to the steam flow space (S2) to provide a passage through which steam flows so that steam flowing in the steam flow space (S2) is discharged to the outside. The steam outlet (240) can extend horizontally from the outer surface of the first manifold housing (210). Additionally, the steam outlet (240) can be located between the first flange (220) and the heat exchanger (100).

[0037] Referring further to FIG. 7, the second manifold (300) may be positioned on the other side opposite to one side of the heat exchanger (100) to provide supply water to the heat exchanger (100). In other words, the second manifold (300) may be positioned on the lower side of the heat exchanger (100). Supply water may flow into the supply water inlet pipe (120) through this second manifold (300). Helium gas that has been heat-exchanged and discharged in the gas flow pipe (130) may be introduced into the second manifold (300). Additionally, the second manifold (300) may discharge the heat-exchanged helium gas to the outside. The second manifold (300) may include a second manifold housing (310), a second flange (320), a gas outlet (330), and a supply water inlet (340).

[0038] The second manifold housing (310) is positioned below the heat exchanger (100) and can provide an internal space. The internal space of the second manifold housing (310) can be divided into a gas discharge space (S3) and a supply water flow space (S4) by a second flange.

[0039] The gas discharge space (S3) can receive heat-exchanged helium gas discharged from the gas flow pipe (130). In other words, the gas discharge space (S3) can be connected to the lower portions of the multiple gas flow pipes (130). The temperature of the heat-exchanged helium gas may be lower than the temperature of the helium gas flowing in the gas inlet space (S1). The gas discharge space (S3) may be positioned further down than the supply water flow space (S4).

[0040] Supply water flowing space (S4) can flow through supply water introduced from the outside. Supply water flowing space (S4) can be connected to a plurality of supply water inlet pipes (120). In other words, the supply water flowing in the supply water flowing space (S4) can flow through a plurality of supply water inlet pipes (120). Additionally, the supply water flowing space (S4) can be located between the heat exchanger (100) and the gas discharge space (S3). In other words, the supply water flowing space (S4) can be positioned below the heat exchanger (100) and above the gas discharge space (S3).

[0041] The second flange (320) can divide the internal space of the second manifold housing (310) into a gas discharge space (S3) and a supply water flow space (S4). The second flange (320) can divide the internal space of the second manifold housing (310) in a horizontal direction, but is not limited thereto. Additionally, the second flange (320) can support the lower portions of a plurality of gas flow pipes (130).

[0042] The gas outlet (330) can discharge heat-exchanged helium gas flowing in the gas discharge space (S3) to the outside of the second manifold (300). The gas outlet (330) can be connected to the gas discharge space (S3) to provide a passage through which helium gas flows. The gas outlet (330) can be positioned on the lower side of the second manifold housing (310).

[0043] The supply water inlet (340) can inject external supply water into the second manifold (300). In other words, the supply water inlet (340) can be connected to the supply water flow space (S4) to provide a passage through which supply water flows so that supply water is injected into the supply water flow space (S4). The supply water inlet (340) can extend horizontally from the outer surface of the second manifold housing (310). Additionally, the supply water inlet (340) can be located between the second flange (320) and the heat exchanger (100).

[0044] The insulation section (400) may surround the heat exchange section (100) so that the heat exchange section (100) is insulated. For example, the insulation section (400) may be a vacuum jacket. This insulation section (400) may include an insulation body (410), a gas inlet (420), and an air outlet (430).

[0045] The insulating body (410) can surround the outer surface of the heat exchange housing (110). The inner surface of the insulating body (410) can be positioned at a predetermined distance from the outer surface of the heat exchange housing (110).

[0046] The gas inlet (420) can inject insulating gas and heating gas into the space between the inner surface of the insulating body (410) and the outer surface of the heat exchange housing (110). The heat exchange unit (100) can be insulated by this insulating gas. In addition, since the outer wall of the heat exchange housing (110) can be heated by the heating gas, damage to the heat exchange housing (110) due to sudden heat can be prevented. The gas inlet (420) can extend horizontally from the insulating body (410). The gas inlet (420) can be positioned on the upper side of the insulating body (410).

[0047] The air outlet (430) can discharge air, gas, etc. flowing in the space between the inner surface of the insulating body (410) and the outer surface of the heat exchange housing (110) to the outside. Through this air outlet (430), the space between the inner surface of the insulating body (410) and the outer surface of the heat exchange housing (110) is formed into a vacuum state, so that the heat exchange unit (100) can be insulated. The air outlet (430) can extend horizontally from the insulating body (410). Additionally, the air outlet (430) can be positioned on the lower side of the insulating body (410).

[0048] The helium heating device (20) can heat helium flowing in the flow channel (50). The helium heating device (20) may include a helium heating section (21) and a heater (22).

[0049] The helium heating unit (21) can heat helium circulating in the helium flow line (51) of the flow channel (50) to be described later. This helium heating unit (21) may include a helium heating body (21a) and a body insulation body (21b).

[0050] Helium can be introduced into the helium heating body (21a). The introduced helium may be helium gas at room temperature. Additionally, the helium heating body (21a) can heat the helium through electric resistance heating.

[0051] The body insulation (21b) can surround the outer surface of the helium heating body (21a). The inner surface of the body insulation (21b) can be positioned so as to be spaced apart from the outer surface of the helium heating body (21a) by a predetermined distance. In other words, a space can be formed between the body insulation (21b) and the helium heating body (21a). Insulating gas or heating gas can be introduced into the space between the body insulation (21b) and the helium heating body (21a), or a vacuum can be formed. When such heating gas is introduced into the space, the outer wall of the helium heating body (21a) can be heated, thereby preventing the helium heating body (21a) from being damaged by sudden heat. Additionally, when insulating gas is introduced into the space or the space becomes a vacuum, the helium heating body (21a) can be insulated.

[0052] The heater (22) can supply electricity to the helium heating unit (21). When an initial value is input to the heater (22), electricity is applied to the helium heating unit (21), the helium heating unit (21) is driven, and helium can be heated. Additionally, if the amount of electricity supplied to the helium heating unit (21) by the heater (22) increases, the temperature of the helium heated by the body insulator (21b) can be increased.

[0053] The hydrogen generation unit (30) can generate hydrogen using steam and heated air generated in the heat exchanger (10). The hydrogen generation unit (30) may include a first furnace (31) and a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (SOEC) (32).

[0054] The first furnace (31) can accommodate a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32). The thermal insulation performance of the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) can be improved by this first furnace (31). Additionally, an electric heating device (not shown) is provided inside the first furnace (31) to increase the temperature inside the first furnace (31). The temperature of this first furnace (31) can be controlled by a controller (E).

[0055] Steam and heated air may be introduced into the solid oxide electrolysis cell stack (32). In other words, the solid oxide electrolysis cell stack (32) can generate hydrogen through steam and heated air. Steam may be introduced into the first cathode (32a) of the solid oxide electrolysis cell stack (32). The first cathode (32a) may have an inlet connected to the first heated steam supply path (56a) described later and an outlet connected to the hydrogen flow path (57a) described later. Steam may be decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen through oxidation and reduction reactions inside the solid oxide electrolysis cell stack (32). Heated air may be introduced into the first anode (32b) of the solid oxide electrolysis cell stack (32). In the first anode (32b), an inlet connected to the first heated air supply channel (55a) described later and an outlet connected to the first anode discharge channel (57b) described later may be formed. Due to this heated air, oxygen ions in the first anode (32b) may undergo an oxidation reaction and lose electrons. Due to the electrons released from the first anode (32b), the first cathode (32a) may undergo a reduction reaction to generate hydrogen. The hydrogen generated in the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) may be mixed with some undissolved steam and discharged to the outside of the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32).

[0056] Additionally, oxygen generated inside the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) can be released to the outside or flow to the second cathode (42b) of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) to be described later.

[0057] Meanwhile, hydrogen and nitrogen may be introduced into the solid oxide water electrolysis battery stack (32). Hydrogen can prevent partial oxidation of the electrode due to the partial pressure of oxygen present in a small amount at the first cathode (32a). Nitrogen can release residual gas present inside the solid oxide water electrolysis battery stack (32) to the outside.

[0058] The electricity generation unit (40) can generate electricity by introducing one or more of hydrogen, heated air, and steam. This electricity generation unit (40) may include a second furnace (41) and a solid oxide fuel cell stack (SOFC) (42).

[0059] The second furnace (41) can accommodate a solid oxide fuel cell stack (42). By this second furnace (41), the thermal insulation performance of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) can be improved. Additionally, an electric heating device (not shown) is provided inside the second furnace (41) to increase the temperature inside the second furnace (41). The temperature of this second furnace (41) can be controlled by a controller (E).

[0060] A solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) can generate electricity by introducing one or more of steam, heated air, and hydrogen. Hydrogen can be introduced into the second anode (42a). The second anode (42a) may have an inlet connected to the second heated steam supply path (56b), which will be described later, and a discharge port connected to the second anode discharge path (57c), which will be described later. Hydrogen can lose electrons by undergoing an oxidation reaction at the second anode (42a). Steam can be introduced into the second anode (42a) of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) to drive the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42). Heated air can be introduced into the second cathode (42b) of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42). In the second cathode (42b), an inlet for introducing heated air connected to the second heated air supply path (55b) to be described later and an outlet for discharging air connected to the second cathode discharge path (57d) to be described later may be formed.

[0061] This heated air can generate an electric current inside the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) by undergoing an oxidation reaction at the second cathode (42b) and combining with hydrogen ions to produce water. Additionally, the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) can discharge unreacted hydrogen and oxygen to the outside.

[0062] Meanwhile, nitrogen and hydrogen may be introduced into the second cathode (42b) of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42). Hydrogen can prevent partial oxidation of the electrode caused by the partial pressure of oxygen present in a small amount in the second cathode (42b). Nitrogen can release residual gas present inside the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) to the outside.

[0063] The flow channel (50) is connected to the heat exchanger (10), the helium heating device (20), the hydrogen generation unit (30), and the electricity generation unit (40) and can provide a passage through which one or more of heated air, air, heating gas, insulating gas, nitrogen, helium, supply water, steam, and hydrogen flow. The flow channel (50) may include a helium flow line (51), an air supply line (52), a heating gas line (53), a supply water supply line (54), a heated air line (55), a heated steam line (56), a stack connection line (57), a flushing line (58), and a discharge line (59).

[0064] The helium flow line (51) can be connected to the helium heating device (20) and the heat exchanger (10) to provide a passage through which helium flows. In other words, helium can circulate through the helium heating device (20) and the heat exchanger (10) via the helium flow line (51). This helium flow line (51) may include a first helium flow path (51a), a second helium flow path (51b), and a third helium flow path (51c).

[0065] The first helium flow path (51a) is connected to the helium heating device (20) and the heat exchanger (10) to provide a passage for flowing helium discharged from the helium heating device (20) to the heat exchanger (10). In other words, the first helium flow path (51a) can be connected to the helium heating section (21) and the gas inlet (230). Helium can flow from the helium heating section (21) to the gas inlet (230) through the first helium flow path (51a).

[0066] The second helium flow path (51b) is connected to the helium heating device (20) and the heat exchanger (10) to provide a passage for flowing helium discharged from the heat exchanger (10) to the helium heating device (20). In other words, the second helium flow path (51b) can be connected to the gas outlet (330) and the helium heating section (21). Helium can flow from the gas outlet (330) to the helium heating section (21) through the second helium flow path (51b).

[0067] The third helium flow path (51c) may have both ends connected to the first helium flow path (51a) to provide a passage through which helium flows. In other words, the third helium flow path (51c) may be a bypass path. Helium discharged from the gas outlet (330) through the third helium flow path (51c) may flow into the helium heating section (21) without passing through the helium control section (A).

[0068] The air supply line (52) can provide a passage through which air flows to inject air into the heat exchanger (10). The air supply line (52) can be connected to an air inlet (140). In other words, air can be injected into the air inlet (140) through the air supply line (52). Additionally, nitrogen and hydrogen may flow through the air supply line (52).

[0069] The heating gas line (53) is connected to the heat exchanger (10) and the helium heating device (20) and may provide a passage through which the heating gas or insulating gas flows to flow the heating gas or insulating gas to the heat exchanger (10) and the helium heating device (20). This heating gas line (53) may include a first heating gas passage (53a) and a second heating gas passage (53b).

[0070] The first heating gas passage (53a) is connected to the body insulation (21b) and can provide a passage through which the heating gas or insulation gas flows so that the heating gas or insulation gas flows into the body insulation (21b). Through this first heating gas passage (53a), the heating gas or insulation gas can flow into the interior of the body insulation (21b).

[0071] The second heating gas passage (53b) is connected to the gas inlet (420) and can provide a passage through which the heating gas or insulating gas flows so that the heating gas or insulating gas flows into the gas inlet (420). The heating gas or insulating gas can be introduced into the interior of the insulating body (410) through the second heating gas passage (53b).

[0072] The supply water supply line (54) is connected to the heat exchanger (10) and can provide a passage through which supply water flows to allow supply water introduced from the outside to flow into the heat exchanger (10). In other words, the supply water supply line (54) can be connected to the supply water inlet (340). Supply water can flow into the supply water inlet (340) through the supply water supply line (54).

[0073] The heating air line (55) is connected to the heat exchanger (10), the hydrogen generation unit (30), and the electricity generation unit (40), and may provide a passage through which the heating air flows so that the heating air generated from the heat exchanger (10) flows to one or more of the hydrogen generation unit (30) and the electricity generation unit (40). The heating air line (55) may include a first heating air supply path (55a), a second heating air supply path (55b), and a heating air discharge path (55c).

[0074] The first heated air supply channel (55a) is connected to the heat exchanger (10) and the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) and can provide a passage for flowing heated air to the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32). In other words, the first heated air supply channel (55a) can be connected to the air outlet (150) and the first anode (32b). Heated air discharged from the air outlet (150) can flow to the first anode (32b) through the first heated air supply channel (55a).

[0075] The second heated air supply channel (55b) is connected to the first heated air supply channel and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) and can provide a passage through which heated air flows to flow from the first heated air supply channel to the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42). In other words, the second heated air supply channel (55b) can be connected to the first heated air supply channel (55a) and the second cathode (42b). Heated air can flow to the second cathode (42b) through the second heated air supply channel (55b).

[0076] The heated air discharge channel (55c) may provide a passage through which heated air flows to discharge heated air to the outside. The heated air discharge channel (55c) may be connected to the first heated air supply channel (55a). In other words, heated air flowing in the first heated air supply channel (55a) may be discharged to the outside through the heated air discharge channel (55c). For example, the heated air discharge channel (55c) may be connected to the first heated air supply channel (55a), but may be connected at a location between the second heated air supply channel (55b) and the first heated air supply channel (55a) and the first anode (32b).

[0077] The heating steam line (56) is connected to the heat exchanger (10), the hydrogen generation unit (30), and the electricity generation unit (40), and may provide a passage through which steam flows so that steam generated from the heat exchanger (10) flows to one or more of the hydrogen generation unit (30) and the electricity generation unit (40). The heating steam line (56) may include a first heating steam supply path (56a), a second heating steam supply path (56b), and a heating steam discharge path (56c).

[0078] The first heating steam supply channel (56a) is connected to the heat exchanger (10) and the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) and can provide a passage through which steam flows to flow into the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32). The first heating steam supply channel (56a) can be connected to the steam outlet (240) and the first cathode (32a). Steam discharged from the steam outlet (240) can flow to the first cathode (32a) through the first heating steam supply channel (56a).

[0079] The second heating steam supply channel (56b) is connected to the heat exchanger (10) and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) and can provide a passage through which steam flows to flow into the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42). The second heating steam supply channel (56b) can be connected to the first heating steam supply channel (56a) and the second anode (42a). The second heating steam supply channel (56b) may be directly connected to the second anode (42a) or may be in communication with the second anode (42a) through the hydrogen flow channel (57a) described later. Steam flowing in the first heating steam supply channel (56a) can flow to the second anode (42a) through the second heating steam supply channel (56b).

[0080] The heated steam discharge passage (56c) may provide a passage for discharging steam to the outside. The heated steam discharge passage (56c) may be connected to the first heated steam supply passage (56a). In other words, steam flowing in the first heated steam supply passage (56a) may be discharged to the outside through the heated steam discharge passage (56c). The heated steam discharge passage (56c) may be connected to the first heated steam supply passage (56a), but may be connected at a location between the second heated steam supply passage (56b) and the first heated steam supply passage (56a) and the first cathode (32a).

[0081] The stack connection line (57) is connected to the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) and can provide a passage through which hydrogen, oxygen, and gas flow in the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42). The stack connection line (57) may include a hydrogen flow path (57a), a first anode discharge path (57b), a second anode discharge path (57c), and a second cathode discharge path (57d).

[0082] The hydrogen flow path (57a) is connected to the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) and can provide a passage through which hydrogen flows so that hydrogen flows into the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42). The hydrogen flow path (57a) can be connected to the first cathode (32a) and the second anode (42a). Hydrogen discharged from the first cathode (32a) can flow to the second anode (42a).

[0083] The first anode discharge path (57b) can discharge oxygen from the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) to the outside. In other words, the first anode discharge path (57b) can be connected to the first anode (32b) to discharge oxygen discharged from the first anode (32b) to the outside, but is not limited thereto, and can also be connected to the second cathode (42b) to allow flow to the second cathode (42b) of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42).

[0084] The second anode discharge channel (57c) can provide a passage through which hydrogen discharged from the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) flows. The second anode discharge channel (57c) can be connected to the second anode (42a) and the second product separator (C3) to be described later. Hydrogen discharged from the second anode (42a) can flow to the second product separator (C3) via the second anode discharge channel (57c).

[0085] The second cathode discharge passage (57d) can provide a passage through which oxygen flows so that oxygen discharged from the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) is discharged to the outside. The second cathode discharge passage (57d) can be connected to the second cathode (42b). Oxygen discharged from the second cathode (42b) can be discharged to the outside through the second cathode discharge passage (57d).

[0086] The flushing line (58) may be connected to the helium flow line (51) to provide a passage through which gas flows so that the gas flowing in the helium flow line (51) is discharged to the outside. For example, the flushing line (58) may discharge nitrogen or helium circulating in the helium flow line (51) to the outside. The flushing line (58) may be connected to the second helium flow path (51b). The location where the flushing line (58) and the second helium flow path (51b) are connected may be between the location where the third helium flow path (51c) and the second helium flow path (51b) are connected and the location where the second helium flow path (51b) and the helium heating unit (21) are connected.

[0087] The exhaust line (59) can provide a passage for discharging gas and air contained within the body insulation (21b) and the insulation body (410) to the outside. In other words, the heating gas and insulation gas contained within the body insulation (21b) and the insulation body (410) can be discharged to the outside through the exhaust line (59). The exhaust line (59) may include a first vacuum exhaust passage (59a) and a second vacuum exhaust passage (59b).

[0088] The first vacuum discharge channel (59a) is connected to the insulation section (400) and can provide a passage for discharging gas and air contained inside the insulation body (410) to the outside. The first vacuum discharge channel (59a) can be connected to the air outlet (430). Air and gas discharged from the air outlet (430) can be discharged to the outside through the first vacuum discharge channel (59a). Through this first vacuum discharge channel (59a), the inside of the insulation body (410) can be formed into a vacuum state.

[0089] The second vacuum discharge channel (59b) is connected to the body insulation (21b) and can provide a passage to discharge gas and air contained inside the body insulation (21b) to the outside. Through this second vacuum discharge channel (59b), the inside of the body insulation (21b) can be formed into a vacuum state.

[0090] The tank (60) is formed in multiple units and can accommodate hydrogen, nitrogen, helium, etc. The multiple tanks (60) may include a first tank (61), a second tank (62), a third tank (63), a fourth tank (64), and a fifth tank (65).

[0091] The first tank (61) can accommodate hydrogen. The first tank (61) can be connected to an air supply line (52). After the hydrogen in the first tank (61) flows into the heat exchanger (10) through the air supply line (52), it can flow to the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) through the heated air line (55).

[0092] The second tank (62) can contain nitrogen. The second tank (62) can be connected to the air supply line (52). After the nitrogen from the first tank (61) flows into the heat exchanger (10) through the air supply line (52), it flows into the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) through the heated air line (55) to flush the heat exchanger (10), the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32), and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42). That is, moisture, impurities, etc. inside the heat exchanger (10), the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32), and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) can be removed by nitrogen and hydrogen.

[0093] The third tank (63) can contain helium. The third tank (63) can be connected to the helium flow line (51). In other words, the third tank (63) can be connected to the second helium flow path (51b). The helium in this third tank (63) can be heated by the helium heating device (20) while flowing through the helium flow line (51).

[0094] The fourth tank (64) can contain nitrogen. It can be connected to the helium flow line (51). In other words, the fourth tank (64) can be connected to the second helium flow path (51b). The nitrogen in this fourth tank (64) can flow through the helium flow line (51) and flush the helium flow line (51). That is, moisture, impurities, etc. in the helium flow line (51) are removed by the nitrogen, and the purity of the helium flowing through the helium flow line (51) can be improved.

[0095] The fifth tank (65) can accommodate hydrogen. The fifth tank (65) is positioned in the hydrogen flow path (57a) and can store hydrogen flowing in the hydrogen flow path (57a). The fifth tank (65) may be a hydrogen buffer tank. Hydrogen stored in this fifth tank (65) can flow to the second anode (42a).

[0096] A plurality of valves (70) can be selectively opened and closed to control the flow of nitrogen, helium, supply water, steam, and hydrogen in the flow channel (50). The plurality of valves (70) may include a heating gas valve (71), an air injection valve (72), a vacuum valve (73), a flushing valve (74), a tank valve (75), a helium valve (76), a heating steam valve (77), a heating air valve (78), a hydrogen valve (79), and a supply water valve (70A).

[0097] The heating gas valve (71) can control the flow rate of heating gas or insulating gas flowing in the heating gas line (53). This heating gas valve (71) can control the first heating gas valve (71a) and the second heating gas valve (71b).

[0098] The first heating gas valve (71a) can control the flow rate of heating gas or insulating gas flowing in the first heating gas passage (53a). In other words, the first heating gas valve (71a) can open and close the first heating gas passage (53a). When the first heating gas passage (53a) is opened by the first heating gas valve (71a), heating gas or insulating gas can flow into the interior of the body insulating body (21b). Additionally, when the first heating gas passage (53a) is closed by the first heating gas valve (71a), the flow of heating gas or insulating gas into the interior of the body insulating body (21b) can be blocked.

[0099] The second heating gas valve (71b) can control the flow rate of heating gas or insulating gas flowing in the second heating gas passage (53b). For example, the second heating gas valve (71b) can open and close the second heating gas passage (53b). When the second heating gas passage (53b) is opened by the second heating gas valve (71b), heating gas or insulating gas can flow into the interior of the insulating body (410). Additionally, when the second heating gas passage (53b) is closed by the second heating gas valve (71b), the flow of heating gas or insulating gas into the interior of the insulating body (410) can be blocked.

[0100] The air injection valve (72) can control the flow rate of gas or air flowing in the air supply line (52). For example, the air injection valve (72) can open and close the air supply line (52). When the air supply line (52) is opened by the air injection valve (72), gas or air can flow into the interior of the heat exchanger (10). Also, when the air supply line (52) is closed by the air injection valve (72), the flow of gas or air into the interior of the heat exchanger (10) can be blocked.

[0101] The vacuum valve (73) can control the flow rate of gas and air flowing in the discharge line (59). The vacuum valve (73) may include a first discharge valve (73a) and a second discharge valve (73b).

[0102] The first discharge valve (73a) is positioned in the first vacuum discharge passage (59a) and can open and close the first vacuum discharge passage (59a). When the first vacuum discharge passage (59a) is opened by the first discharge valve (73a), gas or air inside the insulation body (410) can be discharged to the outside.

[0103] The second discharge valve (73b) is positioned in the second vacuum discharge passage (59b) and can open and close the second vacuum discharge passage (59b). When the second vacuum discharge passage (59b) is opened by the second discharge valve (73b), gas or air inside the body insulation (21b) can be discharged to the outside.

[0104] A flushing valve (74) is positioned in the flushing line (58) and can open and close the flushing line (58). When the flushing line (58) is opened by the flushing valve (74), helium and nitrogen flowing in the helium flow line (51) can be discharged to the outside. When the flushing line (58) is closed by the flushing valve (74), helium and nitrogen can flow in the helium flow line (51).

[0105] The tank valve (75) can open and close multiple tanks (60). The tank valve (75) may include a first tank valve (75a), a second tank valve (75b), a third tank valve (75c), and a fourth tank valve (75d).

[0106] The first tank valve (75a) can open and close the first tank (61). When the first tank (61) is opened by the first tank valve (75a), hydrogen in the first tank (61) can flow into the air supply line (52). When the first tank (61) is closed by the first tank valve (75a), the flow of hydrogen in the first tank (61) into the air supply line (52) can be blocked.

[0107] The second tank valve (75b) can open and close the second tank (62). When the second tank (62) is opened by the second tank valve (75b), nitrogen in the second tank (62) can flow into the air supply line (52). When the second tank (62) is closed by the second tank valve (75b), the flow of nitrogen in the second tank (62) into the air supply line (52) can be blocked.

[0108] The third tank valve (75c) can open and close the third tank (63). When the third tank (63) is opened by the third tank valve (75c), the helium in the third tank (63) can flow into the helium flow line (51). When the third tank (63) is closed by the third tank valve (75c), the flow of the helium in the third tank (63) into the helium flow line (51) can be blocked.

[0109] The fourth tank valve (75d) can open and close the fourth tank (64). When the fourth tank (64) is opened by the fourth tank valve (75d), the helium in the fourth tank (64) can flow into the helium flow line (51). When the fourth tank (64) is closed by the fourth tank valve (75d), the flow of the helium in the fourth tank (64) into the helium flow line (51) can be blocked.

[0110] The helium valve (76) can control the flow rate of helium and nitrogen flowing in the helium flow line (51). The helium valve (76) may include a first helium valve (76a) and a second helium valve (76b).

[0111] The first helium valve (76a) is positioned at one or more of the first helium flow path (51a) and the second helium flow path (51b) to control the flow rate of helium and nitrogen flowing in the first helium flow path (51a) and the second helium flow path (51b).

[0112] A second helium valve (76b) is positioned in the third helium flow path (51c) to control the flow rate of helium and nitrogen in the third helium flow path (51c). For example, the second helium valve (76b) can open and close the third helium flow path (51c). When the third helium flow path (51c) is opened by the second helium valve (76b), helium in the second helium flow path (51b) can flow into the third helium flow path (51c). When the third helium flow path (51c) is closed by the second helium valve (76b), the flow of helium in the second helium flow path (51b) into the third helium flow path (51c) can be blocked. This second helium valve (76b) can be opened to maintain the helium control unit (A).

[0113] The heating steam valve (77) can control the flow rate of steam flowing in the heating steam line (56). The heating steam valve (77) may include a heating steam safety valve (77a) and a heating steam supply valve (77b).

[0114] The heating steam safety valve (77a) can open and close the heating steam discharge passage (56c). When the heating steam discharge passage (56c) is opened by the heating steam safety valve (77a), the steam flowing in the heating steam line (56) can be discharged to the outside. When the heating steam discharge passage (56c) is closed by the heating steam safety valve (77a), the discharge of the steam flowing in the heating steam line (56) to the outside can be blocked.

[0115] The heating steam supply valve (77b) can control the flow rate of steam flowing in the second heating steam supply path (56b). In other words, the heating steam supply valve (77b) can increase or decrease the flow rate of steam flowing to the second anode (42a). Additionally, the heating steam supply valve (77b) can open and close the second heating steam supply path (56b). When the second heating steam supply path (56b) is opened by the heating steam supply valve (77b), steam can flow to the second anode (42a) through the second heating steam supply path (56b). Additionally, when the second heating steam supply path (56b) is closed by the heating steam supply valve (77b), the flow of steam to the second anode (42a) through the second heating steam supply path (56b) can be blocked.

[0116] The heating air valve (78) can control the flow rate of heating air flowing in the heating air line (55). The heating air valve (78) may include a heating air safety valve (78a) and a heating air supply valve (78b).

[0117] The heating air safety valve (78a) can be discharged into the heating air discharge passage (55c) to open and close the heating air discharge passage (55c). When the heating air discharge passage (55c) is opened by the heating air safety valve (78a), the heating air flowing in the heating air line (55) can be discharged to the outside. When the heating air discharge passage (55c) is closed by the heating air safety valve (78a), the discharge of steam flowing in the heating air line (55) to the outside can be blocked.

[0118] The heating air supply valve (78b) can control the flow rate of heating air flowing in the second heating air supply path (55b). In other words, the heating air supply valve (78b) can increase or decrease the flow rate of steam flowing to the second cathode (42b). Additionally, the heating air supply valve (78b) can open and close the second heating air supply path (55b). When the second heating air supply path (55b) is opened by the heating air supply valve (78b), heating air can flow to the second cathode (42b) through the second heating air supply path (55b). Additionally, when the second heating air supply path (55b) is closed by the heating air supply valve (78b), the flow of heating air to the second cathode (42b) through the second heating air supply path (55b) can be blocked.

[0119] A hydrogen valve (79) is positioned in the hydrogen flow path (57a) to control the flow rate of hydrogen flowing in the hydrogen flow path (57a). The flow rate of hydrogen flowing in the hydrogen flow path (57a) can be increased or decreased by this hydrogen valve (79). Additionally, the hydrogen valve (79) can open and close the hydrogen flow path (57a). When the hydrogen flow path (57a) is opened by the hydrogen valve (79), hydrogen can flow to the second anode (42a). When the hydrogen flow path (57a) is closed by the hydrogen valve (79), the flow of hydrogen to the second anode (42a) can be blocked. The hydrogen valve (79) can be positioned in the hydrogen flow path (57a) so as to be placed between the fifth tank (65) and the second anode (42a).

[0120] A supply water valve (70A) is positioned in the supply water supply line (54) and can control the flow rate of the supply water flowing in the supply water supply line (54). For example, the supply water valve (70A) can open and close the supply water supply line (54). When the supply water supply line (54) is opened by the supply water valve (70A), the supply water can flow into the heat exchanger (10). Additionally, when the supply water supply line (54) is closed by the supply water valve (70A), the flow of the supply water into the heat exchanger (10) can be blocked.

[0121] A plurality of pumps (80) may include a first vacuum pump (81), a second vacuum pump (82), a flushing pump (83), an air injection pump (84), and a supply water pump (85).

[0122] The first vacuum pump (81) is connected to the second vacuum discharge channel (59b) and can be driven to discharge gas and air contained inside the body insulation (21b) to the outside.

[0123] The second vacuum pump (82) is positioned in the first vacuum discharge channel (59a) and can be driven to discharge gas and air contained inside the insulating body (410) to the outside.

[0124] The flushing pump (83) is connected to the flushing line (58) and can be driven to release the gas flowing in the helium flow line (51) to the outside.

[0125] The air injection pump (84) can be connected to the air supply line (52) and driven to supply air to the heat exchanger (10).

[0126] The supply water pump (85) can be connected to the supply water supply line (54) and driven to supply supply water to the heat exchanger (10).

[0127] The sensor unit (90) may include a water level sensor (91), a helium sensor (92), a heated air sensor (93), a heated steam sensor (94), and a pressure sensor (95).

[0128] The water level sensor (91) can detect the water level of the supply water contained within the heat exchanger (10). In other words, the water level sensor (91) can detect the water level of the supply water contained within the supply water flow space (S4) and the plurality of supply water inlet pipes (120).

[0129] A helium sensor (92) is placed in the helium flow line (51) to detect the temperature and pressure of the helium flow line (51). The temperature and pressure of the gas flowing in the helium flow line (51) can be measured by this helium sensor (92). Additionally, the helium sensor (92) may be formed in multiple units. Multiple helium sensors (92) may be placed in the first helium flow path (51a) and the second helium flow path (51b). In other words, the helium sensor (92) can detect the temperature and pressure of the first helium flow path (51a) and the second helium flow path (51b).

[0130] A heating air sensor (93) is placed in the heating air line (55) to detect the temperature and pressure of the heating air line (55). The temperature and pressure of the heating air flowing in the heating air line (55) can be detected by this heating air sensor (93). The heating air sensor (93) may be formed in multiple units. Multiple heating air sensors (93) may be placed in the first heating air supply channel (55a) and the second heating air supply channel (55b). In other words, the heating air sensor (93) can detect the pressure and temperature of the first heating air supply channel (55a) and the second heating air supply channel (55b).

[0131] A heating steam sensor (94) is placed in the heating steam line (56) to detect the temperature and pressure of the heating steam line (56). The temperature and pressure of the steam flowing in the heating steam line (56) can be detected by this heating steam sensor (94). The heating steam sensor (94) may be formed in multiple units. Multiple heating steam sensors (94) may be placed in the first heating steam supply path (56a) and the second heating steam supply path (56b). In other words, the heating steam sensor (94) can detect the pressure and temperature of the first heating steam supply path (56a) and the second heating steam supply path (56b).

[0132] The pressure sensor (95) can detect the pressure of the first cathode (32a), the second cathode (42b), the first anode (32b), the second anode (42a), the feed water filter (B1), and the helium filter (A2). This pressure sensor (95) may include a first cathode differential pressure sensor (95a), a first discharge differential pressure sensor (95b), a first anode differential pressure sensor (95c), a second anode differential pressure sensor (95d), a second discharge differential pressure sensor (95e), a second cathode differential pressure sensor (95f), a helium filter differential pressure sensor (95g), and a feed water filter differential pressure sensor (95h).

[0133] The first cathode differential pressure sensor (95a) can detect the pressure of the first cathode (32a). In other words, the first cathode differential pressure sensor (95a) can detect the differential pressure between the inlet of the first cathode (32a) and the outlet of the first cathode (32a).

[0134] The first discharge differential pressure sensor (95b) can detect the differential pressure between the discharge port of the first cathode (32a) and the discharge port of the first anode (32b).

[0135] The first anode differential pressure sensor (95c) can detect the pressure of the first anode (32b). In other words, the first anode differential pressure sensor (95c) can detect the differential pressure between the inlet of the first anode (32b) and the outlet of the first anode (32b).

[0136] The second anode differential pressure sensor (95d) can detect the pressure of the second anode (42a). In other words, the second anode differential pressure sensor (95d) can detect the differential pressure between the inlet of the second anode (42a) and the outlet of the second anode (42a).

[0137] The second discharge differential pressure sensor (95e) can detect the differential pressure between the discharge port of the second cathode (42b) and the discharge port of the second anode (42a).

[0138] The second cathode differential pressure sensor (95f) can detect the pressure of the second cathode (42b). In other words, the second cathode differential pressure sensor (95f) can detect the differential pressure between the inlet of the second cathode (42b) and the outlet of the second cathode (42b).

[0139] The helium filter differential pressure sensor (95g) can detect the differential pressure of the helium filter (A2) to be described later. By means of this helium filter differential pressure sensor (95g), the controller (E) can generate a signal for replacing the helium filter (A2) when the differential pressure of the helium filter (A2) is greater than or equal to a preset helium reference differential pressure.

[0140] The supply water filter differential pressure sensor (95h) can detect the differential pressure of the supply water filter (B1) to be described later. Based on this supply water filter differential pressure sensor (95h), the controller (E) can generate a signal for replacing the supply water filter (B1) if the differential pressure of the supply water filter (B1) is greater than or equal to a preset supply water reference differential pressure.

[0141] The first stack sensor (96) can detect the internal temperature of the solid oxide water electrolysis battery stack (32).

[0142] The second stack sensor (97) can detect the internal temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42).

[0143] The helium control unit (A) is positioned in the helium flow line (51) and can control the purity and temperature of the helium. The helium control unit (A) may include a cooler (A1) and a helium filter (A2).

[0144] A cooler (A1) can be placed in the helium flow line (51) to cool the helium. When the helium is cooled by this cooler (A1), the generation of steam and heated air in the heat exchanger (10) is stopped, and the high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility (1) can be shut down. The cooler (A1) can be placed in the second helium flow path (51b).

[0145] A helium filter (A2) can be placed in the helium flow line (51) to filter helium. The purity of the helium can be increased by this helium filter (A2). The helium filter (A2) can be placed in the second helium flow path (51b).

[0146] The water supply control unit (B) is positioned in the water supply line (54) and can filter the water supply or control the temperature. The water supply control unit (B) may include a water supply filter (B1) and a preheater (B2).

[0147] The supply water filter (B1) is placed in the supply water supply line (54) to filter the supply water.

[0148] A preheater (B2) is placed in the supply water supply line (54) to preheat the supply water and raise the temperature of the supply water.

[0149] The hydrogen control unit (C) is positioned in the stack connection line (57) to increase the purity of the hydrogen flowing in the stack connection line (57). The hydrogen control unit (C) may include a first product separator (C1), a hydrogen purity increase module (C2), and a second product separator (C3).

[0150] The first product separator (C1) is positioned in the hydrogen flow path (57a) and can separate hydrogen flowing in the hydrogen flow path (57a) from residual vapor contained in the hydrogen. The vapor separated in the first product separator (C1) can flow into the feed water supply line (54).

[0151] The hydrogen purity increase module (C2) can increase the purity of hydrogen. The hydrogen purity increase module (C2) can increase the purity of hydrogen using the TSA (Temperature swing adsorption) method or the PSA (Pressure swing adsorption) method. The hydrogen purity increase module (C2) can be placed in the hydrogen flow path (57a) so that hydrogen passing through the first product separator (C1) is introduced.

[0152] The second product separator (C3) can increase the purity of hydrogen. The second product separator (C3) is connected to the second anode discharge channel (57c) and can increase the purity of hydrogen flowing in the second anode discharge channel (57c). Hydrogen that has passed through the second product separator (C3) can be flowed to the first tank (61) or the fifth tank (65) by the flow channel (50).

[0153] The electric control unit (D) can supply, store, or apply the electricity generated from the electric generation unit (40) to a solid oxide water electrolysis battery stack (32). The electric control unit (D) may include a converter (D1), a battery (D2), and an electric line (D3).

[0154] The converter (D1) is connected to the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) by an electrical line (D3) and can convert the electricity generated in the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) into AC. This AC voltage can be supplied externally.

[0155] The battery (D2) can store electricity generated from the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42).

[0156] The electric line (D3) is connected to the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) and the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) to supply electricity generated in the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) to the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32). In other words, electricity stored in the battery (D2) can be supplied to the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32). Through this electric line (D3), oxygen ions inside the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) can be moved from the first cathode (32a) to the first anode (32b).

[0157] The controller (E) can control the heat exchanger (10), the helium heating device (20), the hydrogen generation unit (30), the electricity generation unit (40), the plurality of valves (70), the plurality of pumps (80), the helium control unit (A), the water supply control unit (B), the hydrogen control unit (C), and the electricity control unit (D).

[0158] This controller (E) can control multiple valves (70) based on pressure detected by multiple pressure sensors (95).

[0159] The controller (E) can control a plurality of valves (70) so that the steam flowing into the first cathode (32a) is reduced when the pressure of the first cathode (32a) is greater than or equal to a preset first cathode reference pressure. In other words, the controller (E) can control the heating steam safety valve (77a) so that the heating steam discharge path (56c) is opened when the pressure of the first cathode (32a) is greater than or equal to a preset first cathode reference pressure. Here, the pressure of the first cathode (32a) may be the differential pressure detected by the first cathode differential pressure sensor (95a). Meanwhile, if the pressure of the first cathode (32a) exceeds the first cathode reference pressure, the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) may be damaged.

[0160] Additionally, the controller (E) can control a plurality of valves (70) so that the heating steam flowing into the first anode (32b) is reduced when the pressure of the first anode (32b) is greater than or equal to a preset first anode reference pressure. In other words, the controller (E) can control the heating air safety valve (78a) so that the heating air discharge path (55c) is opened when the pressure of the first anode (32b) is greater than or equal to a preset first anode reference pressure. The pressure of the first anode (32b) may be the differential pressure detected by the first anode differential pressure sensor (95c). Meanwhile, if the pressure of the first anode (32b) exceeds the first anode reference pressure, the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) may be damaged.

[0161] Additionally, the controller (E) can control a plurality of valves (70) to reduce the steam flowing into the second anode (42a) when the pressure of the second anode (42a) is greater than or equal to a preset second anode reference pressure. In other words, the controller (E) can close the heating steam supply valve (77b) when the pressure of the second anode (42a) is greater than or equal to a preset second anode reference pressure. The pressure of the second anode (42a) may be the differential pressure detected by the second anode differential pressure sensor (95d). Meanwhile, if the pressure of the second anode (42a) exceeds the second anode reference pressure, the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) may be damaged.

[0162] Additionally, the controller (E) can control a plurality of valves (70) to reduce the heating steam flowing into the second cathode (42b) when the pressure of the second cathode (42b) is greater than or equal to the preset second cathode reference pressure. In other words, the controller (E) can close the heating air supply valve (78b) when the pressure of the second cathode (42b) is greater than or equal to the second cathode reference pressure. Here, the pressure of the second cathode (42b) may be the differential pressure detected by the second cathode differential pressure sensor (95f). Meanwhile, if the pressure of the second cathode (42b) exceeds the second cathode reference pressure, the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) may be damaged.

[0163] Additionally, the controller (E) can control the temperature of the first furnace (31) and the second furnace (41) by controlling a plurality of valves (70) so that the steam or heated air injected into any one of the first cathode (32a), the first anode (32b), the second cathode (42b), and the second anode (42a) is reduced. In other words, the controller (E) controls the temperature of the first furnace (31) and the second furnace (41) to prevent the internal temperature of the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) or the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) from rapidly decreasing as the steam or heated air flowing into the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) or the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) is reduced, and can perform cooling control for shutdown to check for faults and follow-up measures. Depending on the cooling control, the controller (E) can operate the cooler (A1) to cool the helium.

[0164] The controller (E) can control a plurality of valves (70) and a supply water pump (85) based on the supply water level detected by the water level sensor (91). When the supply water level inside the heat exchanger (10) is below a preset reference water level, the controller (E) can increase the driving force of the supply water pump (85) to increase the supply water level inside the heat exchanger (10). When the driving force of the supply water pump (85) is increased, the amount of supply water flowing into the heat exchanger (10) can be increased. The reference water level may be 75% to 85% of the space in which the supply water is received inside the heat exchanger (10). In other words, the reference water level may be 75% to 85% of the space in which the supply water is received within the supply water flow space (S4) and the plurality of supply water inlet pipes (120).

[0165] The controller (E) can reduce the driving force of the supply water pump (85) when the water level of the supply water inside the heat exchanger (10) reaches the reference water level. When the driving force of the supply water pump (85) is reduced, the amount of supply water flowing into the heat exchanger (10) can be reduced.

[0166] Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, a control method for a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0167] A control method for a hydrogen production facility (1) based on a high-temperature gas furnace may include a pressure sensing step (S100), a valve control step (S200), a furnace temperature control step (S300), and a cooling step (S400). These pressure sensing step (S100), valve control step (S200), furnace temperature control step (S300), and cooling step (S400) may be performed to prevent damage to one or more of the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) and the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42).

[0168] First, a control method to prevent damage to the solid oxide water electrolysis battery stack (32) will be explained.

[0169] The pressure sensing step (S100) is a step of sensing the pressure of the first cathode (32a) of the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32), into which steam generated in the heat exchanger (10) is introduced via the flow channel (50), and the first anode (32b), into which heated air generated in the heat exchanger (10) is introduced. In other words, in the pressure sensing step (S100), the first cathode differential pressure sensor (95a) can sense the pressure of the first cathode (32a), and the first anode differential pressure sensor (95c) can sense the pressure of the first anode.

[0170] The valve control step (S200) is a step of controlling a plurality of valves (70) based on the pressure of the first cathode (32a) and the pressure of the first anode (32b). In other words, in the valve control step (S200), when the pressure of the first cathode (32a) is greater than or equal to the first cathode reference pressure, a plurality of valves (70) can be opened and closed so that steam flowing in the flow channel (50) is discharged to the outside. That is, the heating steam discharge path (56c) can be opened by the heating steam safety valve (77a). Additionally, in the valve control step (S200), when the pressure of the first anode (32b) is greater than or equal to the preset first anode reference pressure, a plurality of valves (70) can be opened and closed so that heating air flowing in the flow channel (50) is discharged to the outside. That is, the heated air discharge path (55c) can be opened by the heated air safety valve (78a).

[0171] The furnace temperature control step (S300) is performed after the valve control step (S200) and is a step for controlling the temperature of the first furnace (31) that accommodates the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32). In the furnace temperature control step (S300), the temperature of the first furnace (31) can be controlled to prevent the temperature of the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32) from decreasing due to a reduction in the heating air or steam flowing into the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack (32).

[0172] The cooling step (S400) is a step for shutdown for fault inspection and follow-up action. In the cooling step (S400), a plurality of valves (70) are controlled so that the steam and heated air generated in the heat exchanger (10) are reduced, and the supply amount of one or more of helium, supply water, and air supplied to the heat exchanger (10) may be reduced. Additionally, in the cooling step (S400), the cooler (A1) is operated so that the helium can be cooled.

[0173] Below, a control method to prevent damage to the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) is described.

[0174] The pressure sensing step (S100) is a step of sensing the pressure of the second anode (42a) of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) into which steam generated in the heat exchanger (10) is introduced by the flow channel (50), and the second cathode (42b) of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) into which heated air generated in the heat exchanger (10) is introduced. In other words, in the pressure sensing step (S100), the second cathode differential pressure sensor (95f) can sense the pressure of the second cathode (42b), and the second anode differential pressure sensor (95d) can sense the pressure of the second anode (42a).

[0175] The valve control step (S200) is a step of controlling a plurality of valves (70) based on the pressure of the second cathode (42b) and the pressure of the second anode (42a).

[0176] In other words, in the valve control step (S200), when the pressure of the second anode (42a) is greater than or equal to the second anode reference pressure, a plurality of valves (70) arranged in the flow channel (50) can be opened and closed to reduce the steam flowing to the second anode (42a). That is, the second heating steam supply path (56b) can be closed by the heating steam supply valve (77b). Additionally, in the valve control step (S200), when the pressure of the second cathode (42b) is greater than or equal to the second cathode reference pressure, a plurality of valves (70) can be opened and closed to reduce the heating air flowing into the second cathode (42b). That is, the second heating air supply path (55b) can be closed by the heating air supply valve (78b).

[0177] The furnace temperature control step (S300) is performed after the valve control step (S200) and is a step for controlling the temperature of the second furnace (41). In the furnace temperature control step (S300), the temperature of the second furnace (31) can be controlled to prevent the temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42) from decreasing due to a reduction in the heating air or steam flowing into the solid oxide fuel cell stack (42).

[0178] The cooling step (S400) is a step for shutdown for fault inspection and follow-up action. In the cooling step (S400), a plurality of valves (70) are controlled so that the steam and heated air generated in the heat exchanger (10) are reduced, and the supply amount of one or more of helium, supply water, and air supplied to the heat exchanger (10) may be reduced. Additionally, in the cooling step (S400), the cooler (A1) is operated so that the helium can be cooled.

[0179] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above as specific embodiments, they are merely examples and the present invention is not limited thereto, but should be interpreted as having the broadest scope in accordance with the technical concept disclosed in this specification. Those skilled in the art may implement patterns of shapes not specified by combining or substituting the disclosed embodiments, and this also does not deviate from the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may easily modify or alter the disclosed embodiments based on this specification, and it is evident that such modifications or alterations also fall within the scope of the rights of the present invention. Explanation of the symbols

[0180] 1: High-temperature gas furnace-based hydrogen production facility 10: Heat exchanger 100: Heat exchange section 110: Heat exchange housing 120: Supply water inlet pipe 130: Gas flow pipe 131: 1st Gas Flow Pipe 132: Second gas flow pipe 140: Air inlet 150: Air outlet 200: 1st manifold 210: 1st Manifold Housing 220: 1st flange 230: Gas inlet 240: Steam vent 300: Second manifold 310: Second manifold housing 320: Second flange 330: Gas exhaust outlet 340: Supply inlet 400: Insulation section 410: Insulated body 420: Gas inlet 430: Air vent 20: Helium heating device 21: Helium heating section 21a: Helium heating body 21b: Body insulation 22: Heater 30: Hydrogen generation unit 31: The 1st No 32: Solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack 32a: First cathode 32b: 1st anode 40: Electricity generation unit 41: The 2nd No 42: Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack 42a: Second anode 42b: Second cathode 50: Flow Channel 51: Helium flow line 51a: First helium flow path 51b: Second helium flow path 51c: 3rd helium flow path 52: Air supply line 53: Heating gas line 53a: 1st heating gas passage 53b: Second heating gas passage 54: Supply water supply line 55: Heated air line 55a: First heated air supply path 55b: Second heated air supply path 55c: Heated air exhaust passage 56: Heating steam line 56a: First heating steam supply path 56b: Second heating steam supply path 56c: Heating steam exhaust path 57: Stack connection line 57a: Hydrogen flow path 57b: 1st anode discharge path 57c: Second anode discharge path 57d: Second cathode discharge path 58: Flushing line 59: Discharge line 59a: First vacuum discharge channel 59b: Second vacuum discharge channel 60: Tank 61: 1st Tank 62: 2nd Tank 63: 3rd Tank 64: 4th Tank 65: 5th Tank 70: Valve 71: Heating gas valve 71a: First heating gas valve 71b: Second heating gas valve 72: Air injection valve 73: Vacuum valve 73a: First discharge valve 73: Second discharge valve 74: Flushing valve 75: Tank valve 75a: 1st tank valve 75b: Second tank valve 75c: 3rd tank valve 75d: 4th tank valve 76: Helium valve 76a: First helium valve 76b; 2nd helium valve 77: Heating steam valve 77a: Heating steam safety valve 77b: Heating steam supply valve 78: Heating air valve 78a: Heated air safety valve 78b: Heated air supply valve 79: Hydrogen valve 70A: Supply water valve 80: Pump 81: First vacuum pump 82: Second vacuum pump 83: Flushing pump 84: Air pump 85: Supply water pump 90: Sensor unit 91: Water level sensor 92: Helium sensor 93: Heated air sensor 94: Heating steam sensor 95: Pressure sensor 95a: First cathode differential pressure sensor 95b: First discharge differential pressure sensor 95c: First anode differential pressure sensor 95d: Second anode differential pressure sensor 95e: Second discharge differential pressure sensor 95f: Second cathode differential pressure sensor 95h: Supply water filter differential pressure sensor 95g: Helium filter differential pressure sensor 96: 1st stack sensor 97: 2nd stack sensor A: Helium control unit A1: Cooler A2: Helium filter B: Supply control unit B1: Supply water filter B2: Preheater C: Hydrogen control unit C1: First product separator C2: Hydrogen Purity Increase Module C3: Second product separator D: Electrical control unit D1: Converter D2: Battery D3: Electric line E: Controller

Claims

Claim 1 A heat exchanger into which helium and supply water are introduced so that helium and supply water are heat-exchanged to generate steam; a helium heating device for heating the helium introduced into the heat exchanger; a hydrogen generation unit including a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack including a first cathode and a first anode into which steam generated in the heat exchanger is introduced to generate hydrogen; an electricity generation unit including a solid oxide fuel cell stack including a second anode and a second cathode into which steam generated in the heat exchanger is introduced to generate electricity; a flow channel connected to the heat exchanger, the helium heating device, the hydrogen generation unit, and the electricity generation unit to provide a passage through which helium, supply water, steam, and hydrogen flow; a plurality of valves that are selectively opened and closed to control the flow of helium, supply water, steam, and hydrogen in the flow channel; and a plurality of pressure sensors for detecting the pressure of the first cathode and the second anode. A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility comprising a controller that controls the plurality of valves based on pressure detected by a plurality of pressure sensors, wherein the controller controls the plurality of valves to reduce the steam flowing into the first cathode when the pressure of the first cathode is greater than or equal to a preset first cathode reference pressure, and controls the plurality of valves to reduce the steam flowing into the second anode when the pressure of the second anode is greater than or equal to a preset second anode reference pressure. Claim 2 A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to claim 1, wherein the flow channel comprises a heated steam line connected to the heat exchanger, the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack, and the solid oxide fuel cell stack to provide a passage for flowing steam to the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack and the solid oxide fuel cell stack, the heated steam line comprises a heated steam discharge passage providing a passage for discharging steam to the outside, and the plurality of valves comprises a heated steam safety valve for opening and closing the heated steam discharge passage, and the controller controls the heated steam safety valve so that the heated steam discharge passage opens when the pressure of the first cathode is greater than or equal to a preset first cathode reference pressure. Claim 3 A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to claim 2, wherein the heating steam line further comprises: a first heating steam supply path connected to the heat exchanger and the first cathode to provide a passage for flowing steam to the first cathode; and a second heating steam supply path communicating with the first heating steam supply path to provide a passage for flowing steam introduced from the first heating steam supply path to the second anode. Claim 4 A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to claim 3, wherein the heating steam discharge path is connected to the first heating steam supply path, and is connected to the first cathode at a location between the location where the second heating steam supply path and the first heating steam supply path are connected. Claim 5 In claim 3, the flow channel further comprises a hydrogen flow path connected to the first cathode and the second anode and providing a passage for flowing hydrogen discharged from the first cathode to the second anode, wherein the first cathode has an inlet communicating with the first heating steam supply path and an outlet connected to the hydrogen flow path, and the plurality of pressure sensors includes a first cathode differential pressure sensor for detecting a differential pressure between the inlet of the first cathode and the outlet of the first cathode, and the pressure of the first cathode is the differential pressure detected by the first cathode differential pressure sensor, a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility. Claim 6 A hydrogen production facility based on a high-temperature gas furnace according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of valves further include a heating steam supply valve for opening and closing the second heating steam supply path, and the controller closes the heating steam supply valve when the pressure of the second anode is greater than or equal to a preset second anode reference pressure. Claim 7 In claim 3, the flow channel further comprises a second anode discharge channel that provides a passage for hydrogen discharged from the second anode to flow through, the second anode has an inlet communicating with the second heating steam supply channel and a discharge channel connected to the second anode discharge channel formed therein, and the plurality of pressure sensors include a second anode differential pressure sensor for detecting a differential pressure between the inlet of the second anode and the discharge of the second anode, and the pressure of the second anode is the differential pressure detected by the second anode differential pressure sensor, a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility. Claim 8 A hydrogen production facility based on a high-temperature gas furnace according to claim 1, wherein air is further introduced into the heat exchanger so that air and helium are heat exchanged to generate heated air, and the flow channel further includes a heated air line connected to the heat exchanger, the first anode, and the second cathode to provide a passage for the heated air to flow to the first anode and the second cathode, and the plurality of pressure sensors further detect the pressure of the second cathode and the first anode, and the controller controls a plurality of valves to reduce the heated steam flowing into the first anode when the pressure of the first anode is greater than or equal to a preset first anode reference pressure, and controls a plurality of valves to reduce the heated steam flowing into the second cathode when the pressure of the second cathode is greater than or equal to a preset second cathode reference pressure. Claim 9 A hydrogen production facility based on a high-temperature gas furnace according to claim 8, wherein the heating air line includes a heating air discharge path that provides a passage for discharging heating air to the outside, and the plurality of valves include a heating air safety valve for opening and closing the heating air discharge path, and the controller controls the heating air safety valve so that the heating air discharge path is opened when the pressure of the first anode is greater than or equal to the first anode reference pressure. Claim 10 In claim 9, the heating air line further comprises: a first heating air supply path connected to the heat exchanger and the first anode to provide a passage for flowing heated air to the first anode; and a second heating air supply path communicating with the first heating air supply path to provide a passage for flowing heated air introduced from the first heating air supply path to the second cathode, a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility. Claim 11 A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to claim 10, wherein the heated air discharge channel is connected to the first heated air supply channel, and is connected to the first anode at a location between the location where the second heated air supply channel and the first heated air supply channel are connected. Claim 12 A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility, wherein the flow channel further comprises a first anode discharge channel providing a passage through which air discharged from the first anode flows, and the first anode has an inlet connected to the first heated air supply channel and an outlet connected to the first anode discharge channel formed therein, and the pressure sensor comprises a first anode differential pressure sensor for detecting a differential pressure between the pressure at the inlet of the first anode and the pressure at the outlet of the first anode, and the pressure of the first anode is the differential pressure detected by the first anode differential pressure sensor. Claim 13 A hydrogen production facility based on a high-temperature gas furnace according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of valves further include a heating air supply valve for opening and closing the second heating air supply path, and the controller controls the heating air supply valve so that the second heating air supply path is closed when the pressure of the second cathode is greater than or equal to the second cathode reference pressure. Claim 14 In claim 10, the flow channel further comprises a second cathode discharge channel that provides a passage for air discharged from the second cathode to flow, and the second cathode has an inlet connected to the second heated air supply channel for receiving heated air and an outlet connected to the cathode discharge channel for discharging air, and the pressure sensor comprises a second cathode differential pressure sensor for detecting a differential pressure between the pressure at the inlet of the second cathode and the pressure at the outlet of the second cathode, wherein the pressure of the second cathode is the differential pressure detected by the second cathode differential pressure sensor, a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility. Claim 15 A heat exchanger into which helium and supply water are introduced so that helium and supply water are heat-exchanged to generate steam; a helium heating device for heating the helium introduced into the heat exchanger; a hydrogen generation unit including a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack including a first cathode and a first anode into which steam generated in the heat exchanger is introduced to generate hydrogen; an electricity generation unit including a solid oxide fuel cell stack including a second anode and a second cathode into which steam generated in the heat exchanger is introduced to generate electricity; a flow channel connected to the heat exchanger, the helium heating device, the hydrogen generation unit, and the electricity generation unit to provide a passage through which helium, supply water, steam, and hydrogen flow; a plurality of valves that are selectively opened and closed to control the flow of helium, supply water, steam, and hydrogen in the flow channel; a supply water pump for flowing supply water into the interior of the heat exchanger; and a water level sensor for detecting the water level of the supply water contained within the heat exchanger. A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility comprising a controller that controls the plurality of valves and the supply water pump based on the water level of the supply water detected by the water level sensor, wherein the controller increases the driving force of the supply water pump to increase the water level of the supply water inside the heat exchanger when the water level of the supply water inside the heat exchanger is below a preset reference water level. Claim 16 In claim 15, the reference water level is 75% to 85% of the space in which the supply water is received inside the heat exchanger, and the high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility. Claim 17 In claim 15, the controller reduces the driving force of the supply water pump when the water level of the supply water inside the heat exchanger reaches the reference water level, in a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility. Claim 18 A high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to claim 15, further comprising a feedwater filter for filtering the feedwater, wherein the flow channel comprises a feedwater supply line connected to the heat exchanger to supply the feedwater to the heat exchanger and providing a passage through which the feedwater flows, wherein the feedwater pump is disposed in the feedwater supply line, and the feedwater filter is disposed in the feedwater supply line so as to be located between the feedwater pump and the heat exchanger. Claim 19 A method for controlling a hydrogen production facility based on a high-temperature gas furnace, comprising: a pressure sensing step for sensing the pressure of a first cathode of a solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack into which steam generated in a heat exchanger is introduced by a flow channel, and a first anode of the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack into which heated air generated in the heat exchanger is introduced; a valve control step for opening and closing a plurality of valves to discharge steam flowing in the flow channel to the outside when the pressure of the first cathode is greater than or equal to a preset first cathode reference pressure, and opening and closing the plurality of valves to discharge heated air flowing in the flow channel to the outside when the pressure of the first anode is greater than or equal to a preset first anode reference pressure; and a furnace temperature control step for controlling the temperature of a furnace housing the solid oxide water electrolysis cell stack. Claim 20 A control method for a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to claim 19, further comprising a cooling step of reducing the supply amount of one or more of helium, supply water, and air supplied to the heat exchanger by controlling the plurality of valves so as to reduce the steam and heated air generated in the heat exchanger. Claim 21 A method for controlling a hydrogen production facility based on a high-temperature gas furnace, comprising: a pressure sensing step for sensing the pressure of a second anode of a solid oxide fuel cell stack into which steam generated in a heat exchanger is introduced by a flow channel, and a second cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell stack into which heated air generated in the heat exchanger is introduced; a valve control step for opening and closing a plurality of valves arranged in the flow channel to reduce the steam flowing to the second anode when the pressure of the second anode is greater than or equal to a preset second anode reference pressure, and opening and closing the plurality of valves to reduce the heated air introduced to the second cathode when the pressure of the second cathode is greater than or equal to a preset second cathode reference pressure; and a furnace temperature control step for controlling the temperature of a furnace housing the solid oxide fuel cell stack. Claim 22 A control method for a high-temperature gas-based hydrogen production facility according to claim 21, further comprising a cooling step of reducing the supply amount of one or more of helium, supply water, and air supplied to the heat exchanger by controlling the plurality of valves so as to reduce the steam and heated air generated in the heat exchanger.

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