Apparatus for automatic control

Abstract

An automatic control device according to one embodiment may include a leading control unit that performs control based on information regarding an aqueous ammonia solution for a gas turbine; and a trailing control unit that performs control based on information regarding nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the gas turbine.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] One embodiment of the present invention relates to an automatic control device and method, and specifically to big data-based automatic control for optimizing Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR). Background Technology

[0002] Recently, as carbon-neutral management is being implemented globally as part of carbon reduction measures for environmental preservation, the Air Environment Conservation Act has been strengthened, leading to a trend of lowering statutory standards for NOx; consequently, businesses emitting air pollutants (dust, SOx, NOx, etc.) must comply with legal obligations.

[0003] Since NOx emissions must be kept below the legal standards in accordance with the Air Environment Conservation Act, combined heat and power plants may operate SCR facilities to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx, NO and NO2) emissions when starting gas turbines (GT) for electricity and heat production.

[0004] However, various problems arise due to manual driving, and although research is underway to resolve them, the current situation remains unresolved. means of solving the problem

[0005] An automatic control device according to one embodiment may include a leading control unit that performs control based on information regarding an aqueous ammonia solution for a gas turbine; and a trailing control unit that performs control based on information regarding nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the gas turbine.

[0006] The preceding control unit according to one embodiment can perform control using a function based on the amount of ammonia aqueous solution for the gas turbine.

[0007] The preceding control unit according to one embodiment can perform control of the ammonia pump based on the ammonia flow rate.

[0008] The preceding control unit according to one embodiment can control the ammonia pump or flow control valve using a speed adjustment rate for the ammonia flow rate.

[0009] The subsequent control unit according to one embodiment can perform control using a function based on the expected nitrogen oxide (NOx) value for the gas turbine.

[0010] The subsequent control unit according to one embodiment can control an ammonia pump or a flow control valve based on real-time data of the ammonia pump.

[0011] An automatic control method according to one embodiment may include the step of performing control based on information regarding an aqueous ammonia solution for a gas turbine; and the step of performing control based on information regarding nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the gas turbine.

[0012] The step of performing control based on information regarding the ammonia aqueous solution according to one embodiment may perform control using a function based on the amount of ammonia aqueous solution for the gas turbine.

[0013] The step of performing control based on information regarding the ammonia aqueous solution according to one embodiment can perform control of the ammonia pump based on the ammonia flow rate.

[0014] The step of performing control based on information regarding the ammonia aqueous solution according to one embodiment may control the ammonia pump or flow control valve using a speed adjustment rate for the ammonia flow rate.

[0015] The step of performing control based on information regarding the nitrogen oxide (NOx) according to one embodiment may perform control using a function based on the expected nitrogen oxide (NOx) value for the gas turbine.

[0016] The step of performing control based on information regarding the nitrogen oxide (NOx) according to one embodiment may control the ammonia pump or the flow control valve based on real-time data of the ammonia pump. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0017] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic control device according to one embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the SCR automation configuration of an automatic control device according to one embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the SCR automation logic of an automatic control device according to one embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an automatic control method according to one embodiment. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0018] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0019] However, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to some of the described embodiments but can be implemented in various different forms, and within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, one or more of the components among the embodiments may be selectively combined or substituted.

[0020] In addition, terms used in the embodiments of the present invention (including technical and scientific terms) may be interpreted in a meaning that is generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless explicitly and specifically defined otherwise. Terms that are commonly used, such as terms defined in advance, may be interpreted in consideration of their meaning in the context of the relevant technology.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] In this specification, the singular form may include the plural form unless specifically stated otherwise in the text, and when described as “at least one of A and B, C (or more than one of them),” it may include one or more of all combinations that can be formed from A, B, and C.

[0023] In addition, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used to describe the components of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] These terms are intended merely to distinguish a component from other components and are not limited by the nature, order, sequence, etc., of the said component.

[0025] And, where it is stated that a component is 'connected', 'combined', or 'joined' to another component, this may include not only cases where the component is directly connected, combined, or joined to the other component, but also cases where it is 'connected', 'combined', or 'joined' due to another component located between the component and the other component.

[0026] Furthermore, when described as being formed or placed on the “top or bottom” of each component, “top or bottom” includes not only cases where two components are in direct contact with each other, but also cases where one or more other components are formed or placed between the two components. Additionally, when expressed as “top or bottom,” it may include the meaning of a downward direction as well as an upward direction relative to a single component.

[0027] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings, provided that identical or corresponding components are given the same reference number regardless of the drawing symbols, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0028] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic control device according to one embodiment.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the automatic control device (100) may include a leading control unit (101) that performs control based on information regarding an ammonia aqueous solution for a gas turbine, and a trailing control unit (102) that performs control based on information regarding nitrogen oxides (NOx) for a gas turbine.

[0030] The automatic control device (100) may include at least some of the following: a device or equipment / facility related to SCR (Selective catalytic reduction), a device or equipment / facility related to NOx, a device or equipment / facility related to a gas turbine (GT), an automatic control device, a circuit, a semiconductor, a processor, a memory, and a data transceiver.

[0031] All information used / generated by the automatic control device (100) may include at least some of all information described in this specification. All information used / generated by the automatic control device (100) may include all information that the components of the automatic control device (100) can use / generate. All information used / generated by the automatic control device (100) may include all related data or signals.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the preceding control unit (101) can perform control using a function based on the amount of ammonia aqueous solution for the gas turbine.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the preceding control unit (101) can perform control of the ammonia pump based on the ammonia flow rate.

[0034] According to one embodiment, the preceding control unit (101) can control an ammonia pump or a flow control valve using a speed adjustment rate for the ammonia flow rate.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the subsequent control unit (102) can perform control using a function based on the expected nitrogen oxide (NOx) value for the gas turbine.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the subsequent control unit (102) can control the ammonia pump or the flow control valve based on real-time data of the ammonia pump.

[0037] The automatic control device (100) can provide a logic that enables automatic operation of an ammonia aqueous solution flow control valve (FCV) without expensive analysis equipment for pre-control through big data analysis. The automatic control device (100) has the advantage of providing rapid and precise SCR optimization automatic control by appropriately applying pre-control and post-control, by analyzing the amount of ammonia aqueous solution (ammonia water amount) used for each GT load and the actual NOx value generated according to the GT load through big data analysis of operating data to maintain a constant NOx value.

[0038] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the SCR automation configuration of an automatic control device according to one embodiment.

[0039] The automatic control device may include at least a portion of a first controller (201) or a second controller (202). The first controller (201) or the second controller (202) may include at least a portion of a preceding controller or a succeeding controller.

[0040] The automatic control device may include at least some of an ammonia aqueous solution storage tank, an ammonia pump, a pressure gauge, a flow control valve, a flow meter, a TMS analyzer, an SCR upstream analyzer, an SCR downstream analyzer, a generator, a chimney, an SCR catalyst, a gas turbine, a blower fan, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG).

[0041] The first controller (201) or the second controller (202) may be connected to at least some of an ammonia pump, a pressure gauge, a flow control valve, a flow meter, a TMS analyzer, an SCR pre-analyzer analyzer, and a generator.

[0042] The automatic control device generates and calculates the amount of ammonia aqueous solution per GT load for operation within legally regulated values ​​as a function, and uses this for pre-control, thereby enabling the ammonia aqueous solution to be controlled in conjunction immediately upon changes in GT load. This allows the automatic control device to provide rapid responsiveness in the event of changes in GT load.

[0043] The automatic control device can perform follow-up control by generating / calculating the expected NOx value that may occur for each GT load as a function, and calculating the required ammonia aqueous solution by comparing the expected NOx value with the NOx value in the chimney. The automatic control device can perform precise control to ensure the use of an appropriate ammonia aqueous solution. This allows the automatic control device to be used as a substitute for the expected NOx value when the reliability of the NOx analyzer upstream of the SCR is ensured.

[0044] The automatic control device can perform control for stable pressure operation relative to the flow rate by using a speed adjustment rate relative to the ammonia flow rate as a leading control and downstream pressure control as a trailing control when controlling the pressure of the ammonia pump.

[0045] The automatic control device can provide SCR optimized automatic control that responds quickly and accurately to GT load fluctuations by appropriately mixing leading control and lagging control using a controller connected to an ammonia aqueous solution flow control valve or an ammonia pump.

[0046] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the SCR automation logic of an automatic control device according to one embodiment.

[0047] The automatic control device can perform pre-control based on the expected amount of ammonia solution (ammonia solution) and expected NOx value (expected NOx value) relative to the GT load (generation output) by utilizing big data on operation associated with the ammonia pump (inverter) (302) or the flow control valve (301) (e.g., control of the ammonia solution flow control valve and the ammonia pump).

[0048] The automatic control device can perform follow-up control based on real-time data such as the chimney NOx analyzer and the ammonia water pump pressure.

[0049] The automatic control device can provide SCR optimization automatic operation logic using leading control and trailing control in an appropriate ratio.

[0050] Improvement plan for automatic denitrification control

[0051] 1. Control improvement proposal to replace analyzer data values

[0052] 1.1. Case of NOx Problems Before the SCR

[0053] The automatic control unit can manage by switching to the inlet NOx prediction table (value) for each gas turbine (GT) load if the difference from the actual inlet NOx is 12 ppm or more, by utilizing / applying the GT load-specific inlet NOx prediction table / table / first function / first F(x). (The automatic control unit may require additional control stabilization time during the switching.)

[0054] The automatic control unit is equipped with / installed with a NOx concentration prediction server and can switch to the prediction server in the event of an inlet NOx trouble. The NOx concentration prediction server can accurately predict NOx concentration by analyzing the GT combustion state using machine learning.

[0055] 1.2. Case of Stack Gas Flow Trouble

[0057] The automatic control device can calculate the total amount of NOx using the measured stack gas flow values. The automatic control device can perform regression analysis if the stack gas flow signal becomes bad. Alternatively, the automatic control device may use stack gas flow operation data tables by GT load.

[0058] 2. Control improvement plan for responding to start / stop and rapid load fluctuations

[0059] The automatic control device can generate, utilize, manage, and reflect a leading control table by performing regression analysis on ammonia flow rate operation data by GT load.

[0060] The automatic control device can improve the actual NOx so that it does not exceed the set value by creating, using, or applying a deadband table for errors between the actual stack NOx and the set value.

[0061] 3. Improvement Plan for Ammonia Supply Pump Control

[0062] The automatic control device can generate, use, manage, reflect, and apply a supply pressure pre-control table based on the ammonia supply flow rate.

[0063] The automatic control device can provide / secure control stability during automatic switching by using / applying a PV tracking circuit.

[0064] The automatic control device can provide / use / manage / generate the following tables / functions / function values ​​for each control improvement proposal to analyze denitrification control operation data:

[0065] GT Load-based Inlet NOx Analysis and Prediction Table

[0066] <1st F(x): Inlet NOx Prediction Table by GT Load>

[0067]

[0068] The automatic control unit can be configured to enable alternative operation in the event of an inlet NOx trouble by reflecting an inlet NOx prediction table based on GT load. At 54 MW or less, the variation in NOx concentration may be large. At 90–110 MW, the variation in NOx concentration may be large. At 110 MW or more, the NOx concentration may be low and stable.

[0069] Ammonia Water Flow Analysis by GT Load and Ammonia Water Flow Pre-control Table

[0070] <2nd F(x): Ammonia Water Flow Pre-control Table by GT Load>

[0071]

[0072] The automatic control device can utilize, manage, store, and reflect a leading control table by performing regression analysis on ammonia flow rate operation data by GT load.

[0073] Minimum Ammonia Water Flow Table for Yellow Smoke Prevention by GT Load and FCV Position Table

[0074] <3rd F(x): Minimum Ammonia Flow Rate for Yellow Smoke Prevention by GT Load Table>

[0075]

[0076] The automatic control device can be controlled / configured to supply at least the minimum ammonia flow rate for each load by using / applying a table of minimum ammonia flow rates for yellow smoke prevention according to GT load.

[0077] <Section 4 F(x): FCV Position Table by GT Ammonia Flow Rate>

[0078]

[0079] The automatic control device can generate, use, and reflect tables, etc. by performing regression analysis on FCV track operation data according to ammonia flow rate.

[0080] Stack Flue Gas Flow Rate Analysis and Alternative Table by GT Load

[0081] <Section 5 F(x): Stack Flue Gas Flow Rate Table by GT Load>

[0082]

[0083] The automatic control device can generate, use, or configure a Stack Flue Gas flow rate table for each GT load by performing regression analysis on Stack Flue Gas flow rate operation data for each GT load, so that operation can be performed by replacing the flow rate value even if the flow meter fails.

[0084] FCV Track and Supply Inverter Pre-control Table Based on Ammonia Flow Rate Pre-signal

[0085] <Section 6 F(x): FCV Position Table by Ammonia Flow Rate>

[0086]

[0087] The automatic control device can generate, use, and reflect a pre-control table by performing regression analysis on FCV track operation data according to ammonia flow rate.

[0088] <Section 7 F(x): Inverter Demand Table by Ammonia Flow Rate>

[0089]

[0090] The automatic control device can generate, use, and reflect a pre-control table by performing regression analysis on inverter demand operation data according to ammonia flow rate.

[0091] The automatic control device can perform automatic denitrification control, ammonia supply pressure control, ammonia flow rate control, etc. using or based on the function or table of the above-described n-th F(x) (n is a natural number).

[0092] The automatic control device can control and provide automatic operation without problems by utilizing big data such as Stack Gas Flow by GT load, even when Stack Gas Flow cannot be determined due to failure of the Stack Gas Flow meter or statutory (accuracy) inspections, by using logic for automatic operation in the event of a Stack Gas Flow meter failure.

[0093] The automatic control device has the effect of providing a circuit that minimizes operation by operators / users / managers / operators by automatically operating a circuit equipped to mitigate yellow smoke phenomena without activating the yellow smoke reduction equipment during initial startup, using automatic logic to secure a minimum flow rate of ammonia water for yellow smoke reduction during initial startup, thereby securing a minimum flow rate to reduce yellow smoke at low load even if the stack's NOx value is low.

[0094] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an automatic control method according to one embodiment.

[0095] According to one embodiment, each step of the automatic control method can be performed by at least some of the components of the automatic control device.

[0096] In step (401), the automatic control device can perform control / pre-control based on information regarding the ammonia solution for the gas turbine.

[0097] According to one embodiment, the automatic control device can perform control using a function based on the amount of ammonia aqueous solution for the gas turbine.

[0098] According to one embodiment, the automatic control device can control the ammonia pump based on the ammonia flow rate.

[0099] According to one embodiment, the automatic control device can control an ammonia pump or a flow control valve using a speed adjustment rate for the ammonia flow rate.

[0100] In step (402), the automatic control device can perform control / follow-up control based on information regarding nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the gas turbine.

[0101] According to one embodiment, the automatic control device can perform control using a function based on the expected nitrogen oxide (NOx) value for the gas turbine.

[0102] According to one embodiment, the automatic control device can control an ammonia pump or a flow control valve based on real-time data of the ammonia pump.

[0103] The automatic control device has the effect of enabling rapid and precise automatic SCR control even without an expensive SCR pre-analyzer.

[0104] The automatic control device enables stable automatic operation regardless of whether an SCR pre-analyzer is installed, even during calibration (once a day, about 10 minutes) or failure of the SCR pre-analyzer.

[0105] The automatic control device can reduce initial plant investment costs and equipment maintenance costs during automatic operation as an improved method, as well as reduce production costs through precise automatic control (use of appropriate ammonia water).

[0106] The automatic control device can provide the effect of extending the expected lifespan of the equipment by suppressing the generation of ammonia slip through precise automatic control.

[0107] Automatic control devices can increase plant efficiency through automatic control, improve the working environment by reducing operator fatigue, and increase work efficiency, such as work concentration.

[0108] The term "part" as used in this embodiment refers to a software or hardware component, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or an ASIC, and the "part" performs certain roles. However, the meaning of "part" is not limited to software or hardware. The "part" may be configured to reside in an addressable storage medium or configured to run one or more processors. Thus, as an example, the "part" includes components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components, and task components, as well as processes, functions, attributes, procedures, subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuits, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays, and variables. The functions provided within the components and "parts" may be combined into a smaller number of components and "parts" or further separated into additional components and "parts." In addition, the components and '~parts' may be implemented to play one or more CPUs within the device or secure multimedia card.

[0109] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described in the following claims.

Claims

Claim 1 An automatic control device for optimizing automatic control of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) based on big data comprises: a leading control unit that performs control based on information regarding an aqueous ammonia solution for a gas turbine; and a trailing control unit that performs control based on information regarding nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the gas turbine, wherein the trailing control unit performs control using a function based on an expected nitrogen oxide (NOx) value for the gas turbine, controls an ammonia pump or a flow control valve based on real-time data of an ammonia pump, generates and calculates an expected nitrogen oxide value that may occur for each gas turbine load using a function, calculates the required aqueous ammonia solution by comparing the expected nitrogen oxide value with the nitrogen oxide value of the chimney, and the automatic control device analyzes the amount of aqueous ammonia solution used for each gas turbine load and analyzes the actual nitrogen oxide value generated according to the gas turbine load, and uses automatic logic to secure a minimum flow rate of ammonia solution. Claim 2 In claim 1, the aforementioned advance control unit is an automatic control device that performs control using a function based on the amount of ammonia aqueous solution for the gas turbine. Claim 3 In claim 1, the aforementioned prior control unit is an automatic control device that performs control of an ammonia pump based on an ammonia flow rate. Claim 4 In paragraph 3, the aforementioned prior control unit is an automatic control device that controls the ammonia pump or flow control valve using a speed adjustment rate for the ammonia flow rate. Claim 5 delete Claim 6 delete Claim 7 delete Claim 8 delete Claim 9 delete Claim 10 delete Claim 11 delete Claim 12 delete

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