A System for Real-Time Automated Quantification and Verification of Carbon Emissions for Carbon Accounting Purposes

Abstract

The present invention comprises: a document analysis module (10) that extracts core data from unstructured or structured documents and normalizes the extracted data to convert it into activity data; a data collection module (20) that collects activity data for carbon emission calculation in real time; a data quality verification module (30) that analyzes the consistency, omissions, and abnormal values ​​of the collected data by a predetermined algorithm to ensure the reliability of the activity data; an emission factor application module (40) that automatically applies emission factors required for carbon emission calculation or generates and applies emission factors optimized for the operating environment; a carbon emission calculation unit (50) that receives standard emission factors or optimized emission factors provided by the emission factor application module (40) and calculates the final emission amount based on basic data required for carbon emission calculation; and an integrated control module (60) that controls carbon emissions in real time, visualizes carbon emissions, and provides a real-time monitoring screen to intuitively understand changes in emissions. A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions is provided, comprising: a report generation module (70) that automatically converts the calculated carbon emissions into data for external disclosure and generates a report in a submission format corresponding to the emissions trading system, the target management system, or international disclosure standards.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of greenhouse gas emission calculation technology and concerns a carbon accounting system that supports companies or local governments possessing multiple emission sources to automatically collect emission activity data, calculate carbon emissions in real time, verify the calculated results in a reliable manner, and establish regulatory response and reduction strategies based on the verification results. More specifically, the invention relates to a comprehensive carbon emission calculation platform that secures accurate activity data by utilizing both unstructured documents and IoT-based sensor data, automatically applies or optimizes emission factors based on the secured data, and manages the entire range of Scope 1, 2, and 3 in real time. Background Technology

[0002] As the severity of climate change increases globally, governments around the world have been strengthening various regulatory systems to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Companies are now faced with the need to secure systems for calculating, verifying, and reporting emissions to respond to increasingly complex and extensive regulations, such as emissions trading schemes, target management systems, environmental information disclosure systems, and requirements for Scope 1, 2, and 3 disclosures in accordance with international standards. However, existing methods for calculating carbon emissions largely rely on manual data entry, offline document-based management, and human-centered verification, revealing limitations in terms of accuracy, speed, and economic efficiency.

[0003] Companies must calculate emissions generated from various activities—such as fuel usage, electricity consumption, waste generation, mobile combustion, purchased goods, transportation, and product use and disposal—according to established calculation standards. Since this activity data is often in unstructured forms, such as receipts, transaction statements, contracts, driving logs, electricity and gas bills, operational ledgers, and process data, converting it into structured data requires significant time and frequently results in input errors. Furthermore, smaller companies face greater burdens in establishing and maintaining calculation systems due to the difficulty of securing specialized personnel, and there are also issues regarding excessive costs incurred during the external verification stage.

[0004] Furthermore, Scope 3 includes indirect emissions generated throughout the supply chain, making the scope of data that must be calculated very broad and complex. In reality, many companies are struggling to respond to Scope 3 due to a lack of supplier data, the absence of item-specific emission factors, and structural differences in activity data. In addition, the lack of a system to monitor carbon emissions in real time has led to persistent problems, such as sudden emission anomalies, a lack of timeliness in reduction strategies, and delays in the speed of regulatory compliance.

[0005] As such, issues such as the inefficiency of the carbon emission calculation process, the complexity of data collection, inconsistencies in emission factors, and the lack of real-time capability can be sufficiently resolved through automation and advanced data-driven technologies; however, a real-time carbon accounting system that comprehensively addresses these factors currently does not exist. Therefore, a new technological solution is required that enables companies with diverse emission sources to accurately and reliably calculate carbon emissions in real time without the need for specialized personnel, and to facilitate regulatory compliance and the formulation of reduction strategies.

[0007] [Prior Art Literature]

[0008] [Patent Literature]

[0009] 1. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2024-0171545 (December 9, 2024) The problem to be solved

[0010] The present invention aims to overcome the structural limitations of existing carbon emission calculation methods. Specifically, it aims to solve problems such as the difficulty in securing reliable data due to the proliferation of unstructured activity data, errors caused by manual input, inaccuracy in the application of emission factors, the absence of real-time monitoring, the complexity and excessive cost of compliance, and the difficulty in managing supply chain emissions because the Scope 3 calculation method is unrealistic.

[0011] Furthermore, a key objective is to enable the efficient integrated management of various emission sources—such as energy, processes, transportation, and waste—on a single platform, and to facilitate accurate emission management without the need for specialized personnel by automating the entire carbon accounting flow, from data collection to calculation, verification, and reporting. Moreover, another important objective of this invention is to strengthen a company's sustainable management capabilities by enabling real-time detection of abnormal situations, such as surges in emissions, for immediate response, and by supporting scenario analysis for emission reduction. means of solving the problem

[0012] The technical problem of the present invention as described above is achieved by the following means.

[0014] (1) A document analysis module that extracts key data from unstructured or structured documents and normalizes the extracted data to convert it into activity data;

[0015] A data collection module that collects activity data in real time for calculating carbon emissions;

[0016] A data quality verification module for ensuring the reliability of activity data, which analyzes the consistency, omissions, and abnormal values ​​of collected data using a predetermined algorithm;

[0017] An emission factor application module that automatically applies emission factors required for carbon emission calculation or generates and applies emission factors optimized for the operating environment;

[0018] A carbon emission calculation unit that receives standard emission factors or optimized emission factors provided by an emission factor application module, and calculates the final emission amount based on basic data required for carbon emission calculation;

[0019] An integrated control module that integrates and controls carbon emissions in real time, visualizes carbon emissions, and provides a real-time monitoring screen to enable intuitive understanding of changes in emissions; and

[0020] A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, comprising: a report generation module that automatically converts the calculated carbon emissions into data for external disclosure and generates a report in a submission format corresponding to the emissions trading system, target management system, or international disclosure standards.

[0022] (2) In the above (1),

[0023] A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, wherein the document analysis module is characterized by extracting key data from unstructured or structured documents including receipts, transaction statements, process logs, contracts, PDF documents, or scanned documents.

[0025] (3) In the above (1), the document analysis module is,

[0026] A preprocessing module for automatically extracting information necessary for calculating carbon emissions from unstructured documents including receipt images;

[0027] An OCR recognition unit that generates character-unit recognition results and location coordinates for each text block from a preprocessed image;

[0028] A layout analysis unit that divides logical areas into a header, item list, total area, or payment information area;

[0029] Key value extraction unit for automatically tagging fields such as company name, business registration number, transaction date, item name, quantity, unit price, supply price, VAT, or total amount;

[0030] A post-verification processing unit configured to automatically correct or re-verify format errors and logical errors using regular expressions, pattern matching, or allow range checking for each of the above fields; and

[0031] A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized by including an item mapping unit for mapping extracted item names to an internal emission factor DB.

[0033] (4) In the above (1),

[0034] A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized in that emission calculation is performed separately for scope 1, scope 2, and scope 3.

[0036] (5) In the above (1),

[0037] The above system is a carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized by being implemented on a mobile terminal.

[0039] (6) In the above (1),

[0040] A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized by a data quality verification module that, when a value outside the normal range is detected in the data, calculates a standardized coefficient (z-score) based on the average value and variance under the same past conditions, uses this to determine the degree of anomaly in the current measurement, and if determined to be an outlier, automatically presents a weighted moving average (WMA) or exponential smoothing (EMA) value generated from valid data over the past 24 hours or 7 days to be used as a correction value.

[0042] (7) In the above (6),

[0043] A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized by securing the stability and accuracy of emission estimation by applying a regression-based offset estimation algorithm to estimate and reflect unique errors per sensor when deviations are continuously repeated, and automatically updating parameters in a direction that reduces the prediction error after correction.

[0045] (8) In the above (6),

[0046] A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized by an emission factor application module that enables the calculation of emissions more accurately than standard factors by analyzing energy usage patterns, equipment efficiency, and emission characteristics for each company.

[0048] (9) In the above (8),

[0049] A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized in that the carbon emission calculation unit aggregates calculation results by emission source to generate total emissions on a daily, monthly, and annual basis, and structures and stores emissions by scope, process, and facility.

[0051] (10) In the above (1),

[0052] A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized by a carbon emission calculation unit that records emission factors, data sources, correction processes, and calculation formulas used in the calculation process as metadata to ensure the transparency and traceability required in the report submission or verification process. Effects of the invention

[0053] This invention enables companies and local governments to manage carbon emissions more accurately and quickly by solving fundamental problems arising from existing carbon emission calculation methods. By utilizing OCR technology, this invention enables the automatic extraction of necessary data even from unstructured documents, thereby drastically reducing the time required for data collection and virtually eliminating input errors. Furthermore, by using an IoT-based real-time data linkage function, activity data from emission sources can be secured without delay, allowing for an immediate response to rapid fluctuations in emissions.

[0054] This invention significantly improves the reliability of final calculation results by automatically detecting omissions or errors in activity data, and can also effectively compensate for the inaccuracies of standard emission factors by automatically generating optimized emission factors. This function is particularly effective in greatly improving calculation accuracy in manufacturing companies with diverse emission sources or in process-oriented industries.

[0055] The present invention is configured to enable integrated real-time monitoring of the entire Scope 1, 2, and 3 areas, allowing companies to systematically manage emissions throughout the supply chain and make rapid operational decisions to respond to sudden fluctuations in emissions. In addition, through an automatic report generation function, companies can immediately respond to national reporting or external disclosure requirements without the need for specialized personnel, and through a data tracking function, they can ensure high reliability during external verification processes.

[0056] This invention provides a data-driven reduction strategy formulation function to effectively support corporate reduction activities, such as energy efficiency improvement, process optimization, and fuel switching, thereby simultaneously generating substantial greenhouse gas reduction and cost savings. Furthermore, organizations lacking specialized personnel and budgets, such as small and medium-sized enterprises or local governments, can utilize the system of this invention to achieve high-level carbon management, thereby contributing to the realization of a carbon-neutral society. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0057] Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a document analysis module according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 3a to 3f show examples of screens implemented using a mobile environment for a carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions according to the present invention. FIGS. 4 to 6 are drawings illustrating the process of uploading an Excel file, a PDF file, and a photo image as input documents to the system of the present invention, respectively. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0058] The advantages and features of the present invention and the methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described in detail below. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but can be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided merely to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims.

[0059] In describing the embodiments of the present invention, specific descriptions of known functions or configurations will be omitted if it is determined that such detailed descriptions could unnecessarily obscure the essence of the invention. Furthermore, the terms described below are defined in consideration of their functions in the embodiments of the present invention, and these definitions may vary depending on the intentions or practices of the user or operator. Therefore, such definitions should be based on the content throughout this specification.

[0060] Hereinafter, the contents of the present invention will be explained in detail step by step with reference to FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 2.

[0061] The present invention is an integrated platform for calculating carbon emissions in real time, comprising a system including a document analysis module (10), a data collection module (20), a data quality verification module (30), an emission factor application module (40), a carbon emission calculation unit (50), an integrated control module (60), and a report generation module (70).

[0062] The integrated platform according to the present invention is preferably implemented on a mobile terminal. When implemented on a mobile terminal in this manner, field data can be analyzed in real time and emissions can be verified based on the analysis, and analysis, as well as the creation and printing of reports including analysis results, can be easily performed anytime and anywhere.

[0063] The system (100) of the present invention first includes a document analysis module (10) that automatically analyzes various types of document and image data.

[0064] The above document analysis module (10) extracts key data from various unstructured or structured documents such as receipts, transaction statements, process logs, contracts, PDF documents, and scanned documents, and normalizes the extracted data to convert it into activity data.

[0065] In addition, the document analysis module (10) analyzes the structure, context, and numerical items of the document to select items directly related to the company's emission activities. Through this, necessary activity data is automatically generated without the user having to go through a separate input process, and data omission or human error is prevented.

[0066] The document analysis module (10) according to the present invention includes a preprocessing module (11), an OCR recognition unit (12), a layout analysis unit (13), a key value extraction unit (14), a verification post-processing unit (15), and an item mapping unit (16).

[0067] In order to automatically extract information necessary for calculating carbon emissions from unstructured documents such as receipt images, the above document analysis module (10) first receives an unstructured document image and normalizes it into a form with an optimized OCR recognition rate through a preprocessing module (11) that performs processes such as tilt correction, noise removal, contrast enhancement, and area cropping.

[0068] Afterwards, the preprocessed image is input into the OCR recognition unit (12) to generate character-unit recognition results and location coordinates (bounding box) of each text block, and the logical area is divided into a header, item list, total area, payment information area, etc. through the layout analysis unit (13).

[0069] For the divided area, a pre-trained key value extraction unit (14) automatically tags fields such as the business name (store name), business registration number, transaction date, item name, quantity, unit price, supply price, value-added tax, and total amount. For this purpose, sequence labeling, NER, transformer-based models, etc., can be applied.

[0070] The verification post-processing unit (15) is configured to automatically correct or re-verify format errors and logical errors (e.g., supply price + VAT ≠ total amount) by using regular expressions, pattern matching, and allow range checks on each of the above fields.

[0071] Furthermore, the document analysis module (10) includes an item mapping unit (16) for mapping extracted item names to an internal emission factor DB. The item mapping unit (16) applies item name normalization and similarity matching algorithms (synonym dictionary, character similarity, embedding-based similarity, etc.), and if a user manually modifies or corrects the mapping, the feedback is reflected as training data to gradually improve the extraction accuracy for subsequent receipts. Through this, even for unstructured receipts of various formats and forms, essential values ​​required for emission calculation can be quickly and consistently converted into structured data.

[0072] In addition, the system of the present invention includes an IoT-based real-time data collection module (20). The data collection module (20) collects data such as power consumption, gas consumption, heat consumption, process conditions, and exhaust gas flow rate in real time through smart meters, BEMS devices, gas and electricity meters, and sensors of process equipment installed in a factory or building.

[0073] The collected data is immediately used to calculate emissions for Scope 1 and Scope 2 items. This function provides a foundation for real-time detection of unexpected emission increases caused by abnormal plant operations, excessive energy usage, equipment failures, etc.

[0074] In addition, the system of the present invention includes a data quality verification module (30) to ensure the reliability of activity data. The data quality verification module (30) compares uploaded Excel data, document data collected based on OCR, PDF documents, IoT-based sensor data, etc., and analyzes the consistency of the data, whether there are omissions, and whether there are abnormal values ​​using a predetermined algorithm.

[0075] If the data is excessively large or small, or if abnormal fluctuations appear under specific conditions, a warning is generated to allow the user to review it, and if necessary, a correction value is presented or a correction algorithm is executed to enhance the reliability of emission calculations.

[0076] To this end, in an embodiment of the present invention, when a value outside the normal range is detected in the sensor data, a standardized coefficient (z-score) is calculated based on the average value and variance under the same past conditions (time zone, equipment load, temperature, etc.), and the degree of anomaly in the current measurement is determined using this. If it is determined to be an anomaly, a Weighted Moving Average (WMA) or Exponential Smoothing (EMA) value generated from valid data over the past 24 hours or 7 days is automatically presented to be used as a correction value. In addition, if sensor deviations are continuously repeated, a regression-based offset estimation algorithm (Offset Calibration Model) is applied to estimate and reflect the unique error of each sensor, and parameters are automatically updated in a direction that reduces the Mapped Error after correction, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of emission calculation.

[0077] The system of the present invention includes an emission factor application module (40) that automatically applies emission factors required for calculating emissions or generates and applies emission factors optimized for the actual operating environment of the company.

[0078] Since standard emission factors often fail to accurately reflect actual emissions depending on the type of fuel used by a company or the characteristics of its processes, the present invention recommends or automatically generates optimized emission factors based on operational data and past calculation results through AI-based analysis.

[0079] To this end, in an embodiment of the present invention, operational data such as a company's fuel consumption, process temperature, oxygen concentration, combustion efficiency, and equipment load rate are periodically collected, and an artificial intelligence model (regression, random forest, LSTM, etc.) is trained to learn the error pattern between the actual calculated emission value and the existing standard emission factor. The trained model receives specific fuel characteristics (lower heating value, moisture content, ash ratio, etc.) and process conditions as input and back-calculates the coefficient value that best explains the actual emission value to automatically generate an optimized emission factor. In addition, the model presents a group of recommended emission factor candidates based on error minimization criteria (minimization of MSE or MAPE) according to measurement and calculation data from the last 30 or 90 days. Furthermore, if the fluctuation in the factor is statistically significant compared to a past point in time, the cause is analyzed and provided to the user, thereby increasing the reliability and applicability of the factor.

[0080] The above emission factor application module (40) analyzes the energy usage patterns, equipment efficiency, emission characteristics, etc. of each company to enable the calculation of emission amounts more accurately than standard factors.

[0081] The carbon emission calculation unit (50) receives standard emission factors or optimized emission factors provided by the emission factor application module (40) and calculates the final emission amount based on basic data required for emission calculation, such as the company's actual fuel usage, process conditions, and energy consumption.

[0082] The carbon emission calculation unit (50) includes multiple calculation logic to automatically apply different calculation formulas and weights for each type of emission source, such as fuel combustion emission, process emission, and non-combustion emission, and calculates the emission amount per unit time or per unit process in real time by combining the input emission factor and real-time collected operation data.

[0083] In addition, the carbon emission calculation unit (50) aggregates the calculation results by emission source to generate total emissions on a daily, monthly, and annual basis, and structures and stores emissions by scope (Scope 1, Scope 2, Scope 3), process, and facility. Furthermore, it provides a comparative analysis function with emissions from the same period in the past, industry average emissions, and target reduction amounts to enable quantitative evaluation of emission trends. Along with this, the carbon emission calculation unit (50) records the emission factors, data sources, correction processes, and calculation formulas used in the calculation process as metadata, thereby ensuring the transparency and traceability required during the report submission or verification process.

[0084] The present invention includes an integrated control module (60) that integrates and monitors calculated carbon emissions in real time. The integrated control module (60) visualizes emissions based on various criteria such as fuel type, emission source type, workplace, and period, and provides a real-time monitoring screen to allow for intuitive understanding of changes in emissions. If emissions surge or abnormal patterns are detected, it immediately generates an alert to enable prompt action. Furthermore, it supports the derivation of the most cost-effective reduction strategy by analyzing a company's reduction scenarios based on various variables.

[0085] To this end, in an embodiment of the present invention, the Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC) per ton of each reduction measure (e.g., improvement of boiler efficiency, fuel switching, optimization of operating conditions, installation of waste heat recovery, etc.) is calculated using process-specific energy consumption, fuel unit price, equipment efficiency, maintenance costs, and past reduction effects as input variables.

[0086] The integrated control module (60) utilizes this cost-effectiveness data to simulate various reduction scenarios and searches for combinations that minimize total costs when achieving the same reduction target. In addition, it applies dynamic optimization considering process characteristics, seasonal load, and remaining equipment lifespan to present optimal reduction paths for the short, medium, and long term, and supports companies in selecting the most economical reduction strategy by automatically excluding measures with low cost-effectiveness or suggesting alternatives.

[0087] The system according to the present invention includes a report generation module (70) necessary for regulatory compliance. The calculated carbon emissions are automatically converted into a report for national submission or data for external disclosure, and automatically generate submission forms corresponding to the emissions trading system, target management system, and international disclosure standards (IFRS S2, etc.). In addition, it stores tracking records of all data so that audit records required by external verification agencies can be automatically obtained. Through this, companies can simplify complex verification processes and prevent errors or omissions that may occur during the reporting process.

[0088] Hereinafter, the contents of the present invention will be explained in detail using specific embodiments illustrated in FIG. 3 and below; however, this is presented only for the purpose of understanding the present invention and it is obvious that the scope of the present invention cannot be interpreted as being limited to these embodiments.

[0089] As shown in FIG. 3a, the system according to the embodiment of the present invention allows administrators, personnel, verification auditors, etc. to log in with authority corresponding to their respective roles, and as shown in FIG. 3b, it helps to resolve all regulations, from ESG management to emissions trading schemes, carbon border taxes, and local government inventories, through a single top-level management mode.

[0090] As shown in Fig. 3c, it is implemented so that emissions from each business site can be immediately compared and analyzed, and detailed data can be checked with a single click.

[0091] In addition, as shown in Fig. 3d, emission data by workplace can be compared with monthly data and annual cumulative data, and detailed information by scope can be checked. The emission status can be analyzed in hourly, daily, and monthly units as shown in Fig. 3e, and hourly patterns, daily totals, and monthly trends can be viewed on a single screen.

[0092] As shown in FIG. 3f, the system according to the embodiment of the present invention is implemented to distinguish scope 1 (direct) and scope 2 (indirect) emissions by workplace and to check detailed information by emission source, and furthermore, to track carbon emissions and scope 3 data of the entire supply chain by category, thereby enabling customized management for the company.

[0093] Hereinafter, specific examples of various forms of documents capable of input and analysis are described as embodiments of the present invention to implement the above-described system, but it is understood that the document forms exemplified are not the only ones that can be used.

[0094] FIGS. 4 to 6 illustrate a process in which an Excel file, a PDF file, and a photographic image are uploaded as input documents to the system of the present invention, respectively, and data contained in the materials is extracted and analyzed, and the analyzed data is reflected in the real-time system. The process from the input of the document to the analysis is described in order as follows.

[0096] 1. Register Excel file

[0097] (1) Select the Excel file saved on the mobile phone.

[0098] (2) The selected file is analyzed by the document analysis module (10), and the data quality verification module (30) determines whether it is normal.

[0099] (3) Check the data to be uploaded and the verification results in detail through the preview.

[0100] (4) After checking for any issues, select 'Save'.

[0101] (5) Data with errors is automatically classified by the data quality verification module (30), and only 'normal' data is analyzed.

[0102] (6) Complete the save.

[0103] (7) After data storage is complete, 2 to 3 seconds later, the analysis is completed by the data quality verification module (30), the emission factor application module (40), and the carbon emission calculation unit (50), and an analysis completion notification message (e.g., 'Analysis is complete') is displayed on the screen.

[0104] (8) When the user refreshes, the data is reflected in the real-time system through the integrated control module (60).

[0106] 2. AI-OCR (PDF files, automatic bill entry, business automation)

[0107] (1) A document analysis module (10) reads and inputs the bills and ledgers that accumulate every month (for example, if PDF files such as KEPCO bills and internal management ledgers are uploaded, the core data is accurately extracted and automatically input).

[0108] (2) Select the 'electric' emission facility of scope 2.

[0109] (3) Select the PDF button.

[0110] (4) Select the PDF file stored in the data collection module (20) on the mobile phone.

[0111] (5) Select 'Complete'.

[0112] (6) Upload the data and complete the saving.

[0113] (7) After data storage is complete, 2-3 seconds later, the analysis is completed by the data quality verification module (30), the emission factor application module (40), and the carbon emission calculation unit (50), and an analysis completion notification message (e.g., 'Analysis is complete') is displayed on the screen.

[0114] (8) When the user refreshes, the scope 2 'electric' data is reflected in the real-time system through the integrated control module (60).

[0116] 3. On-site data (receipt photo)

[0117] After taking a photo of receipts, etc. on-site and uploading it, data analysis and analysis results can be checked in real time immediately (for example, gas receipts, giro receipts, etc. can be photographed and uploaded on-site, enabling immediate data analysis and management).

[0118] (1) First, select the passenger car emission facility.

[0119] (2) Select the camera shooting button displayed on the screen.

[0120] (3) Start shooting with the camera, perform a preview, and if the clarity is poor, take two consecutive shots.

[0121] (4) Complete the filming and upload it.

[0122] (5) The document analysis module (10) automatically structures the data, and the analysis is completed by the data quality verification module (30), the emission factor application module (40), and the carbon emission calculation unit (50), and an analysis completion notification message (e.g., after the data is saved, 2-3 seconds later, 'Analysis is complete') is displayed on the screen.

[0123] (6) When the user refreshes, the data is reflected in the real-time system through the integrated control module (60).

[0125] 4. Report Generation

[0126] (1) Select the required report type.

[0127] (2) Immediately generate a document report based on verified data.

[0128] (3) Easily download and print anytime, anywhere

[0130] The foregoing description is merely an illustrative explanation of the technical concept of the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to make various modifications and variations within the scope of the essential characteristics of the present invention. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to explain, not limit, the technical concept of the present invention, and the scope of the technical concept of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be interpreted by the claims below, and all technical concepts within an equivalent scope shall be interpreted as being included within the scope of rights of the present invention. Explanation of the symbols

[0132] 10: Document Analysis Module 20: Data Collection Module 30: Data Quality Verification Module 40: Emission Factor Application Module 50: Carbon Emission Calculation Department 60: Integrated Control Module 70: Report Generation Module

Claims

Claim 1 A document analysis module (10) that extracts core data from unstructured or structured documents and normalizes the extracted data to convert it into activity data; a data collection module (20) that collects activity data for carbon emission calculation in real time; a data quality verification module (30) that analyzes the consistency, omissions, and abnormal values ​​of the collected data by a predetermined algorithm to ensure the reliability of the activity data; an emission factor application module (40) that automatically applies standard emission factors required for carbon emission calculation, or learns the error pattern between the standard emission factor and the actual emission calculation value using an artificial intelligence model and automatically applies emission factors generated by the artificial intelligence model; a carbon emission calculation unit (50) that receives the emission factors provided by the emission factor application module (40) and calculates the final emission amount based on the basic data required for carbon emission calculation; and an integrated control module (60) that controls carbon emissions in real time, visualizes carbon emissions, and provides a real-time monitoring screen to intuitively understand changes in emissions. A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, comprising: a report generation module (70) that automatically converts the calculated carbon emissions into data for external disclosure and generates a report in a submission format corresponding to the emissions trading system, the target management system, or international disclosure standards; wherein the data quality verification module (30) calculates a standardized coefficient (z-score) based on the average value and variance under the same conditions in the past when a value outside the normal range is detected in the data, determines the degree of anomaly in the current measurement using this, and if determined to be an anomaly, automatically presents a weighted moving average (WMA) or exponential smoothing (EMA) value generated from valid data of the last 24 hours or 7 days so that it can be used as a correction value. Claim 2 In claim 1, the document analysis module (10) is a carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, wherein the document analysis module is characterized by extracting key data from unstructured or structured documents including receipts, transaction statements, process logs, contracts, PDF documents, or scanned documents. Claim 3 A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized in that, in claim 1, the document analysis module (10) comprises: a preprocessing module (11) for automatically extracting information necessary for calculating carbon emissions from an unstructured document including a receipt image; an OCR recognition unit (12) for generating a character-unit recognition result of the preprocessed image and the position coordinates of each text block; a layout analysis unit (13) for dividing logical areas into a header, item list, total area, or payment information area; a key value extraction unit (14) for automatically tagging fields for company name, business registration number, transaction date, item name, quantity, unit price, supply price, VAT, or total amount; a verification post-processing unit (15) configured to automatically correct or re-verify format errors and logical errors using regular expressions, pattern matching, or allowable range checks on each of the above fields; and an item mapping unit (16) for mapping the extracted item name to an internal emission factor DB. Claim 4 A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized in that, in claim 1, emission calculation is performed separately for scope 1, scope 2, and scope 3. Claim 5 A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized in that, in claim 1, the system is implemented on a mobile terminal. Claim 6 delete Claim 7 A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized in that, in the case of claim 1, when deviations are continuously repeated, it applies a regression-based offset estimation algorithm to estimate and reflect unique errors for each sensor, and automatically updates parameters in a direction that reduces the prediction error after correction, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the emission calculation. Claim 8 A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized in that, in claim 1, the emission factor application module (40) analyzes the energy usage pattern, equipment efficiency, and emission characteristics of each company to enable the calculation of emissions more accurately than standard factors. Claim 9 In claim 8, the carbon emission calculation unit (50) aggregates the calculation results by emission source to generate total emissions on a daily, monthly, and annual basis, and structures and stores emissions by scope, process, and facility, thereby forming a carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions. Claim 10 A carbon accounting system for real-time automatic calculation and verification of carbon emissions, characterized in that, in the first paragraph, the carbon emission calculation unit (50) records the emission factor, data source, correction process, and calculation formula used in the calculation process as metadata, thereby ensuring transparency and traceability required in the report submission or verification process.

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