Electric power generation system using a sewage sludge dryer
Patent Information
- Application Number
- KR1020240169703
- Authority / Receiving Office
- KR · KR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-02-29
Smart Images

Figure R1020240169703_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technology Field
[0001] The present invention relates to an electric power generation system using a sewage sludge dryer, and more specifically, to an electric power generation system using a sewage sludge dryer that minimizes energy consumption for drying by drying sewage sludge at a low temperature, and can generate electricity as thermal energy by burning the dried sludge as fuel. Background Technology
[0003] Generally, sewage sludge is a solid generated during the wastewater treatment process and is treated by incineration. However, due to its very high moisture content, it is not incinerated and is treated after removing the moisture through a drying process.
[0004] However, there is a problem in that the drying process to remove moisture requires very high temperatures, resulting in high energy consumption and a long duration.
[0005] Although dried sewage sludge can be treated by incineration, sewage sludge itself is not easily incinerated, so a separate combustible material must be mixed in, which leads to a problem of significantly increased incineration costs.
[0006] A sludge treatment device that solves these problems has been registered as Patent No. 10-1330504, which consists of a hopper for holding sludge; a conveying device for transferring a certain amount of sludge from the hopper to a dryer; a vacuum dryer that rapidly evaporates the moisture of the incoming sludge by lowering the internal pressure; a grinder that grinds the dried sludge into a powder form; and an incinerator that incinerates the ground sludge. As the sludge passes through the vacuum dryer, the moisture contained in the sludge is removed, and as it is ground in the grinder and incinerated in a state where the particles are small, it has the effect of rapidly incinerating, but there is a problem in that the consumption of electrical energy to raise the temperature of the dryer is very high.
[0007] In addition, a sewage sludge combustion burner capable of combustion using only sewage sludge has been developed by the applicant and registered as Patent No. 10-2434305. It comprises: a blower that discharges air introduced through an air inlet to an outlet by the rotation of an impeller; a tube installed at the outlet of the blower to transport air; a fuel tank installed at the top of the tube to supply powdered fuel stored inside to the tube; a rotating blade that mixes the powdered fuel supplied into the tube with air by rotating, by installing blades at regular intervals in a diagonal shape around a cylindrical body formed to gradually narrow at the front and rear ends and embedding them in the tube; and an ignition means installed in the tube to generate a spark and ignite. Since it is combusted with sewage sludge fuel in powder form that is not carbonized and has a moisture content of 10% or less, it has the effect of producing thermal energy at a low cost compared to gas or oil fuel.
[0008] Even though such a burner for burning sewage sludge has been developed, there is a problem in that the efficiency of conventional dryers for removing moisture is low, leading to an increase in the overall manufacturing cost of the device. This is because removing moisture from sewage sludge requires high heat, which inevitably consumes a large amount of energy. Furthermore, since the sewage sludge is fed into the dryer in a lumpy state, the moisture inside the lumps is not easily removed, so it takes a long time to remove moisture, resulting in reduced drying efficiency and massive energy consumption. Prior art literature
[0010] KR Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1330504 (2013.11.11) KR Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2450650 (2022.09.29) KR Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2434305 (2022.08.16) The problem to be solved
[0011] The present invention was devised to solve the problems of the prior art, and provides an electric power generation system using a sewage sludge dryer that can produce electricity by burning sewage sludge converted into fuel through a dryer with a dedicated burner to drive a boiler and driving a turbine with steam generated from the boiler. means of solving the problem
[0013] An electric power generation system using a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention is,
[0014] A drying device comprising: a main body; a conveyor equipped with a mesh-shaped screen belt having multiple holes and installed to transport along the longitudinal direction of the main body; a hopper installed on the upper side of one side of the main body for receiving sewage sludge; a pair of supply rollers installed on the lower side of the hopper to drop a certain amount of sewage sludge onto the conveyor, each having a heater installed inside to supply heat to the passing sewage sludge and move moisture inside the sewage sludge to the surface; a radiator installed on the lower side of the conveyor to emit heat; and a plurality of spray nozzles installed on the upper and lower sides of the screen belt to spray air onto the sewage sludge transported along the screen belt to remove moisture from the sewage sludge;
[0015] A grinding device for grinding sewage sludge dried through the above drying device into fine particles;
[0016] A steam boiler that generates high-temperature steam by burning sewage sludge crushed through a crushing device;
[0017] It is characterized by including a generator that generates electricity using steam from a steam boiler. Effects of the invention
[0019] The electric power generation system using a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention has excellent drying efficiency because the internal moisture of the sewage sludge moves to the surface and dries, allowing drying to occur rapidly even at a significantly lower temperature compared to conventional methods. Consequently, the consumption of electrical energy can be significantly reduced, and the drying time is shortened. Furthermore, the system has the effect of driving a steam boiler by burning the fuelized sewage sludge and rotating a turbine with the generated steam to produce electricity, while minimizing energy consumption by supplying a portion of the steam to the radiator of the dryer. Brief explanation of the drawing
[0021] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an internal structural diagram illustrating a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention. FIGS. 5a, 5b, and 5c are illustrative drawings showing other embodiments of a supply roller according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a brush and grinding roller structure according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a process diagram illustrating an electric power generation system according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a crushing device according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a side view illustrating the structure of a burner according to the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention
[0022] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a dryer for converting sewage sludge into fuel according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
[0023] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an internal structure diagram illustrating a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention, FIG. 5a, 5b, and 5c are illustrative diagrams illustrating other embodiments of a supply roller according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a brush and crushing roller structure according to the present invention.
[0024] As illustrated in these drawings, the sewage sludge fuel-converting dryer (100) according to the present invention comprises: a main body (110); a conveyor (120) installed to transport along the longitudinal direction of the main body (110) and having a mesh-shaped screen belt (123) having a plurality of holes; a hopper (130) installed on the upper side of one side of the main body (110) into which sewage sludge (S) is introduced; a pair of supply rollers (140) installed on the lower side of the hopper (130) to drop a certain amount of sewage sludge (S) onto the conveyor (120), with a heater installed inside to supply heat to the passing sewage sludge (S) and move moisture inside the sewage sludge (S) to the surface; a radiator (150) installed on the lower side of the conveyor (120) to emit heat; and a plurality of spray nozzles (160) installed on the upper and lower sides of the screen belt (123) to spray air onto the sewage sludge (S) transported along the screen belt (123) to remove moisture. Includes
[0025] As shown in FIG. 2, the main body (110) is formed by connecting a plurality of vertical frames and horizontal frames to form a frame (111). Since the incoming sewage sludge must be transported and dried in one direction, it is formed to be long in one direction. Then, a plate (112) is attached and fixed to the perimeter of the frame (111) to form a long rectangular box shape. Here, the plates (112) are sealed so that no gaps are formed between them to block the outside, and an insulating material (113) is installed on the inner wall of the plate (112) to block heat from being released to the outside.
[0026] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the above conveyor (120) is installed to transport within the sealed main body (110) in the longitudinal direction of the main body (110). That is, sprockets (121) are installed on both sides of the main body (110), and chains (122) are wound around both sprockets (121). A mesh-shaped screen belt (123) having multiple teeth is fixedly installed on the chain (122). Here, by using the mesh-shaped screen belt (123), sewage sludge (S) is not allowed to pass through the screen belt (123) but is instead placed on top of it, and the sprayed air passes through the teeth of the screen belt (123) and can dry the sewage sludge (S) placed on the screen belt (123).
[0027] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the hopper (130) is formed in a tubular shape with a wide upper section and a gradually narrowing lower section, and a discharge port is formed at the bottom. This hopper (130) is installed on one side of the main body (110). Accordingly, sewage sludge (S) flowing into the hopper (130) is contained in the hopper (130), and the sewage sludge (S) contained in the hopper (130) is discharged through the discharge port at the bottom.
[0028] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the supply roller (140) is installed at the bottom of the hopper (130) and rotates in a direction facing each other, causing a certain amount of sewage sludge (S) discharged from the discharge port of the hopper (130) to fall onto the conveyor (120). In addition, a strip-shaped groove (141) is formed in the supply roller (140), and a certain amount of sewage sludge (S) passes through this groove (141) and falls onto the conveyor (120).
[0029] Here, the groove (141) may be formed on either one supply roller (140) or both supply rollers (140). That is, as shown in FIG. 5a, the supply roller (140) may have a band-shaped groove (141) formed at regular intervals on the surface of one supply roller (140) and no groove formed on the other supply roller (140). Or, as shown in FIG. 5b, the band-shaped groove (141) may be formed at regular intervals on both supply rollers (140), and the grooves (141) of both supply rollers (140) may be formed correspondingly to each other. Or, as shown in FIG. 5c, the band-shaped groove (141) may be formed at regular intervals on both supply rollers (140), and the grooves (141) of both supply rollers (140) may be formed alternately without coinciding with each other.
[0030] The above hopper (130) is installed in a manner that is placed on top of both supply rollers (140). That is, the bottom of the hopper (130) is positioned on top of both supply rollers (140) while maintaining a small gap to prevent interference during the rotation of the supply rollers (140) and to prevent sewage sludge (S) from leaking out. Here, the discharge port of the hopper (130) is formed to be narrower than the length of both supply rollers (140) and narrower than the vertical center line of both axes of the supply rollers (140), and the side plate of the hopper (130) is extended downward along the curved surface of both supply rollers (140) to prevent sewage sludge (S) from leaking out through the gap between the bottom of the hopper (130) and the supply rollers (140).
[0031] In addition, a heater (142) is installed inside both supply rollers (140) to generate heat. Thus, heat is supplied to the sewage sludge (S) passing through the supply rollers (140), causing the moisture inside the sewage sludge (S) to move to the edge surface.
[0032] The above-mentioned radiators (150) are installed at regular intervals on the lower part of the conveyor (120) to release heat, and radiator-type radiators are used. That is, they consist of a core into which high-temperature liquid or steam flows to form a passage, and a heat dissipation plate that surrounds the core and is repeatedly formed at regular intervals along the length of the core to have a large surface area to effectively release heat.
[0033] The above spray nozzles (160) are installed at the upper and lower ends of the conveyor (120) to spray air onto sewage sludge (S) being transported along the screen belt (123) to remove moisture from the sewage sludge (S). The spray nozzles (160) installed at the upper end of the screen belt (123) are formed to be long in the width direction of the screen belt (123) and are installed at regular intervals, and the spray nozzles (160) installed at the lower end of the screen belt (123) are positioned at the lower end of the radiator (150) and spray air toward the direction of the radiator (150) so that the air passes between the heat plates of the radiator (150) and exchanges heat with the high temperature emitted from the radiator (150), thereby drying the sewage sludge (S) with high-temperature hot air. In this way, by applying hot air to the upper and lower parts of the sewage sludge (S) moving along the conveyor (120), the moisture concentrated on the surface of the sewage sludge (S) is quickly removed.
[0034] Here, the above-mentioned spray nozzle (160) is connected to each of the distribution pipes (162) that are divided from the distributor (161) installed in the main body (110), and a blower fan (163) is installed on one side of the distributor (161). As the blower fan (163) rotates, air is supplied to the distributor (161), thereby supplying air from the distributor (161) to each spray nozzle (160) and spraying it.
[0035] Meanwhile, a brush (170) is installed in the lower part of the section where the screen belt (123) of the conveyor (120) returns, which rotates to shake off sewage sludge (S) attached to the screen belt (123). This brush (170) has bristles (172) installed radially around an axis (171) and is installed with a length corresponding to the width of the screen belt (123). Thus, as the axis (171) rotates, the ends of the bristles (172) come into contact with the screen belt (123) and shake off the sewage sludge (S) attached to the screen belt (123), thereby preventing clogging of the screen belt (S) and allowing hot air to pass through smoothly.
[0036] Additionally, a pair of crushing rollers (180) that rotate in opposite directions are installed at the bottom of the brush (170) to finely crush the sewage sludge (S) falling from the conveyor (120). The pair of crushing rollers are slightly spaced apart to crush the clumped sewage sludge, and since the sewage sludge is in a dry state, it is easily crushed.
[0037] In addition, a collection container (190) that gradually narrows toward the bottom is installed at the bottom of the crushing roller (180) so that the crushed sewage sludge (S) can be collected at the bottom and discharged.
[0038] Finally, the drying efficiency can be further maximized by installing a dehumidifier inside the main body (110) to discharge and remove the collected moisture to the outside.
[0039] The operating effects of the dryer for converting sewage sludge into fuel according to the present invention, which is constructed with such a structure, will be explained in detail.
[0040] First, sewage sludge (S) is fed into the hopper (130). At this time, the moisture content of the sewage sludge (S) is 70-80%. The sewage sludge (S) fed into the hopper (130) is discharged in fixed amounts by a pair of rotating supply rollers (130). That is, the sewage sludge (S) is fed into the strip-shaped grooves (141) formed at regular intervals on the supply rollers (140), and is discharged along the supply rollers (140) in amounts corresponding to the area of the grooves (141). Since it contains 70-80% moisture, it has no cohesiveness and falls onto the conveyor (120) in drops due to its own weight over time.
[0041] Since the sewage sludge (S) falling onto the screen belt (123) at different times must be spaced apart from each other, the supply roller (140) and the sprocket (121) must be rotated at a low speed, and since the sewage sludge (S) placed on the screen belt (123) must be sufficiently dried during the conveying process, the screen belt (123) is also conveyed at a low speed.
[0042] A heater (142) is installed inside the supply roller (140) to generate heat, thereby supplying heat to the sewage sludge (S) passing through the supply roller (140), and the moisture in the sewage sludge (S) moves to the edge surface of the sewage sludge (S).
[0043] At this time, the temperature of the supply roller (140) is about 90 to 100°C. If the temperature of the supply roller (140) is 90°C or lower, the water inside the sewage sludge (S) does not move, and if it is 100°C or higher, the water boils and is instead captured back inside. And if it is 300°C or higher, it carbonizes and cannot be used as fuel, and only electrical energy is consumed.
[0044] Sewage sludge (S) placed at regular intervals on the screen belt (123) is transported at a low speed along the screen belt (123), and drying of the sewage sludge (S) is achieved by hot air sprayed from multiple spray nozzles (160) provided at regular intervals on the upper and lower parts. At this time, the sewage sludge (S) is in a state where internal moisture has moved to the surface through heat conduction from the supply roller (140), and since it is placed in a small size within the small groove of the supply roller (140), drying is achieved even at a low temperature.
[0045] Here, the spray nozzle (160) installed at the bottom passes through the high-temperature radiator (150) to apply hot air to the sewage sludge (S), thereby enabling more effective drying. This hot air remains inside the main body (110) and raises the temperature inside the main body (110) to aid in drying. The internal temperature of the sealed main body (110) is approximately 150°C, and drying is possible even at a low temperature of 150°C.
[0046] And the moisture inside the main body (110) is collected through a dehumidifier and discharged to the outside, thereby continuously removing moisture inside the main body and maximizing drying efficiency.
[0047] When the sewage sludge (S) travels to the end of the conveyor (120), it is dried to a moisture content of less than 10% and becomes dry. This sewage sludge (S) falls during the return process of the screen belt (123), passes between a pair of crushing rollers (180), is crushed, and collected in a collection container (190) and discharged.
[0048] At this time, some of the sewage sludge (S) attached to the screen belt (123) is removed and falls off by the rotating brush (170). Because the screen belt (S) is not blocked by this brush (170) and remains open at all times, hot air can pass through effectively.
[0049] FIG. 7 is a process diagram illustrating an electric power generation system according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a crushing device according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a side view illustrating the structure of a burner according to the present invention.
[0050] As shown in these drawings, electricity can be generated using sewage sludge (S) fueled by the dryer (100) of the present invention.
[0051] An electric power generation system using a sewage sludge dryer according to the present invention comprises: a main body (110); a conveyor (120) installed to transport along the longitudinal direction of the main body (110) and having a mesh-shaped screen belt (123) having a plurality of holes; a hopper (130) installed on the upper side of the main body (110) into which sewage sludge (S) is introduced; a pair of supply rollers (140) installed on the lower side of the hopper (130) to drop a certain amount of sewage sludge (S) onto the conveyor (120), with a heater (142) installed inside to supply heat to the passing sewage sludge (S) and move moisture inside the sewage sludge (S) to the surface; a radiator (150) installed on the lower side of the conveyor (120) to emit heat; and air sprayed onto the sewage sludge (S) transported along the screen belt (123) installed on the upper and lower sides of the screen belt (123) to remove moisture from the sewage sludge (S). A dryer (100) comprising a plurality of spray nozzles (160); a crushing device (200) that crushes sewage sludge (S) dried through the dryer (100) into fine particles to convert it into fuel; a steam boiler (300) that generates high-temperature steam using the heat generated by burning the sewage sludge fuel crushed through the crushing device (200) with a burner; and a generator (400) that generates electricity by rotating a turbine using the steam from the steam boiler (300).
[0052] Since the above dryer (100) has the same structure as described above, a detailed description of its structure is omitted.
[0053] As shown in FIG. 8, the crushing device (200) comprises: a housing (210) having an inlet (211) formed on one side and a suction port (212) formed on the upper side, and a vertical guide groove (213) formed on the inner circumference while forming a space inside; a rotating crushing plate (220) installed to rotate at the bottom of the housing (210) and having a radial crushing groove formed on its upper surface; a fixed crushing plate (230) installed to be in close contact with the upper surface of the rotating crushing plate (220), having an input port (231) formed through the center to allow falling materials to pass through, a radial crushing groove formed on the bottom surface, and a projection (232) formed around the circumference to fit into the guide groove, allowing it to move up and down; and a spring (240) installed to press the projection (232) within the guide groove (213) so that the fixed crushing plate (230) presses against the rotating crushing plate (220) to ensure close contact. The device is configured with a fan (250) installed at the bottom of the rotating crushing plate (220) and rotating to generate wind, thereby forming an upward airflow through the edge of the housing (210) to float the crushed material. As a result, sewage sludge (S) dried through the dryer (100) is introduced into the inlet (211) of the housing (210), then crushed into fine particles between the rotating crushing plate (220) and the fixed crushing plate (230), floated by the rotating fan (250), and sucked in and discharged through the suction port (212) of the housing (210).
[0054] The above steam boiler (300) comprises: a blower (312) that discharges air introduced into an air inlet by the rotation of an impeller (311) as shown in FIG. 9 to an outlet; a tube (313) installed at the outlet of the blower (312) to transport air; a fuel tank (314) installed at the top of the tube (313) to supply sewage sludge powder fuel stored inside to the tube (313); a rotating blade (315) that mixes sewage sludge powder fuel supplied into the tube (313) and air by rotating by installing blades at regular intervals in a diagonal shape around a cylindrical body formed to gradually narrow at the front and rear ends and embedding them in the tube (313); and an ignition means (316) installed in the tube (313) to generate a spark and ignite; and a burner chamber (320) in which the burner (310) is installed. and a steam chamber (330) installed at the top of the burner chamber (320) receives heat energy generated from the burner (310) and heats the water contained therein to produce high-temperature steam; thereby, the sewage sludge powder fuel crushed in the crushing device (200) is placed in the fuel tank (314) and supplied into the pipe body (313) along with air to burn, thereby heating the water with the heat energy generated to produce steam.
[0055] The generator (400) is composed of a turbine that rotates by steam supplied from a steam boiler; a rotor connected to the shaft of the turbine; a stator surrounding the rotor; and an exciter that supplies excitation electricity by the rotor, thereby producing electricity by rotating the turbine with steam supplied from the steam boiler (300).
[0056] And as shown in the drawing, a centrifugal dust collector is installed between the crushing device (200) and the steam boiler (300), and it is preferable to install a centrifugal dust collector and a wet dust collector in the steam boiler.
[0057] In this structure, sewage sludge (S) is dried in the dryer (100), the dried sewage sludge is finely crushed by a crushing device to become fuel, and the fueled sewage sludge is supplied to a burner (310) to burn, thereby generating heat to boil water in a boiler to produce steam, and the steam is supplied to a generator (400) to rotate a turbine to produce electricity. Additionally, a portion of the steam is supplied to a radiator (150) of the dryer (100), and the electricity produced through the generator (400) drives the dryer (100), and the steam that passes through the radiator (150) can be used as greenhouse or heating water.
[0058] In this way, sewage sludge (S) is converted into fuel through a dryer (100) to drive a boiler (300), and the steam generated from the boiler (300) can be used to drive a generator (400) and produce electricity. Additionally, if the dryer (100) is driven using the generated electricity, it can be driven with less energy. Explanation of the symbols
[0060] 100 : Dryer 110 : Main body 111 : Frame 112 : Plate 113 : Insulation 120 : Conveyor 121: Sprocket 122: Chain 123: Screen belt 130: Hopper 140: Feed Roller 141: Groove 142 : Heater 150 : Radiator 160 : Spray nozzle 161 : Distributor 162 : Distribution pipe 163 : Blower fan 170 : Brush 171 : Axis 172 : Brush 180: Crushing roller 190: Collection container 200: Crushing device 210 : Housing 211 : Inlet 212 : Inlet 213: Guide groove 220: Rotating grinding plate 230: Fixed grinding plate 231 : Input port 232 : Protrusion 240 : Spring 250 : Fan 300 : Steam Boiler 310 : Burner 311 : Impeller 312 : Blower 313 : Tube 314: Fuel tank 315: Rotor blade 316: Ignition means 320 : Burner Room 330 : Steam Room 400 : Generator
Claims
Claim 1 A main body (110), a conveyor (120) installed to transport along the length direction of the main body (110) and having a mesh-shaped screen belt (123) with multiple holes, a hopper (130) installed on the upper side of the main body (110) into which sewage sludge (S) is introduced, a pair of supply rollers (140) installed at the bottom of the hopper (130) to drop a certain amount of sewage sludge (S) onto the conveyor (120) while having a heater (142) installed inside to supply heat to the passing sewage sludge (S) and move moisture inside the sewage sludge (S) to the surface, and a core into which high-temperature liquid or steam is introduced to form a passage, and a heat dissipation plate that surrounds the core and is repeatedly formed at regular intervals along the length direction of the core to release heat, thereby being installed at the bottom of the conveyor (120) to release heat, and a radiator (150) installed at the bottom of the radiator (150) to spray air so that the air passes between the heat dissipation plates An electric power generation system using a sewage sludge dryer, characterized by comprising: a plurality of spray nozzles (160) that remove moisture from sewage sludge (S) transported along a screen belt (123) by exchanging heat with high temperature emitted from a radiator (150) and spraying it onto a screen belt (123); a crushing device (200) that crushes the sewage sludge (S) dried through the dryer (100) into fine particles to convert it into fuel; a steam boiler (300) that generates high-temperature steam using the heat generated by burning the sewage sludge fuel crushed through the crushing device (200) with a burner (310); and a generator (400) that generates electricity by rotating a turbine using the steam from the steam boiler (300). Claim 2 An electric power generation system using a sewage sludge dryer, characterized in that, in claim 1, a portion of the steam generated in the steam boiler (300) is supplied to the radiator (150) of the dryer (100), and the steam passing through the radiator (150) is used as heating water.
Citation Information
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