Apparatus and method for highly efficient variable TDD(time division duplex)

Abstract

A high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device and method are disclosed. The high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method includes the steps of scanning a communication channel between a base station and a vehicle or between a vehicle and a pedestrian mobile, setting the time-division dual communication ratio of the scanned communication channel to a preset initial value, adjusting the time-division dual communication ratio according to an operation mode, and processing the transmission and reception of data according to the adjusted time-division dual communication ratio.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to automotive communication, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device and method for an automobile. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive communication takes place not only between vehicles but also in the form of vehicles versus infrastructure and vehicles versus pedestrians. In the case of vehicles versus infrastructure, the vehicle receives traffic information and multimedia data downstream from infrastructure, such as base stations, and sends personal mobility information and sensor data upstream to the infrastructure. In the case of vehicles versus vehicles, data is exchanged between necessary vehicles at the same data level as required. Conversely, in the case of vehicles versus pedestrians, the vehicle acts as the master, transmitting traffic information and multimedia data downstream to the pedestrian and receiving personal mobility information and sensor data upstream from the pedestrian.

[0003] As such, automotive communication features various forms of data transmission and reception. Transmitted and received data include control data, sensor data, and image data, ranging from low-capacity, low-speed data to high-capacity, high-speed data. In this communication environment, it is necessary to change the transmission and reception communication structure according to the type of data to utilize resources efficiently.

[0004] The wireless communication technology to be applied to automotive communication must be a low-latency technology focused on safe driving, and a high-speed transmission technology capable of high-speed data transmission. In the case of vehicle-to-pedestrian communication, low-power consumption operation of the pedestrian's battery-operated mobile device is critical. For this reason, automotive communication must utilize channels efficiently according to the data transmission and reception format, facilitating high-capacity data transmission while simultaneously enabling low-latency data transmission and low-power consumption operation. Prior art literature

[0005] Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0050432 (May 11, 2020) The problem to be solved

[0006] The present invention is intended to provide a high-efficiency variable time-division duplex communication device and method for adjusting the time-division duplex ratio (TDD ratio) according to the type of data exchanged in vehicle communication where a vehicle communicates with a base station or a pedestrian's mobile. means of solving the problem

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method performed by a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device is disclosed.

[0008] A high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: scanning a communication channel between a base station and a vehicle or between the vehicle and a pedestrian mobile; setting the time-division dual communication ratio of the scanned communication channel to a preset initial value; adjusting the time-division dual communication ratio according to an operation mode; and processing the transmission and reception of data according to the adjusted time-division dual communication ratio.

[0009] The above operating mode includes a first mode in which the vehicle receives audio and video data from the base station, a second mode in which sensor data of the vehicle is transmitted as upframe data, and a third mode in which the base station and the vehicle transmit and receive control data.

[0010] The step of adjusting the time-division dual communication ratio comprises, in the case of the first mode, setting the number of slots for downframe data to a preset maximum number, in the case of the second mode, setting the number of slots for upframe data to a preset minimum number, and in the case of the third mode, setting the number of slots for upframe data to one.

[0011] The above time-division duplex ratio is calculated as the ratio of the number of up slots to the number of down slots, and the sum of the number of up slots and the number of down slots is the time-division duplex interval.

[0012] delete

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device is disclosed.

[0014] A high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a memory for storing instructions and a processor for executing said instructions, wherein the instructions perform a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method comprising the steps of scanning a communication channel between a base station and a vehicle or between the vehicle and a pedestrian mobile, setting the time-division dual communication ratio of the scanned communication channel to a preset initial value, adjusting the time-division dual communication ratio according to an operation mode, and processing the transmission and reception of data according to the adjusted time-division dual communication ratio. Effects of the invention

[0015] The high-efficiency variable time-division duplex communication device and method according to an embodiment of the present invention can achieve low power, low latency, and high-capacity data transmission by adjusting the time-division duplex ratio (TDD ratio) according to the type of data exchanged in vehicle communication where a vehicle communicates with a base station or a pedestrian's mobile. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0016] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a bidirectional data transmission and reception concept. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data frame structure for bidirectional data transmission and reception. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of an automobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method performed by a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating a data frame structure of time-division dual communication according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0017] As used in this specification, singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as "composed" or "comprising" should not be interpreted as necessarily including all of the various components or steps described in the specification, and should be interpreted as meaning that some of the components or steps may be excluded, or that additional components or steps may be included. Furthermore, terms such as "...part," "module," etc., as used in the specification refer to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented in hardware or software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0018] Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0019] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the concept of bidirectional data transmission and reception, FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the data frame structure for bidirectional data transmission and reception, and FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of an automotive communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Below, prior to describing the high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention, for the convenience of understanding and explaining the invention, an automotive communication system to which the high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described.

[0020] First, referring to FIG. 1, an automotive communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention performs time division duplex (TDD) communication by repeatedly transmitting and receiving upframe data and downframe data at a preset time division duplex communication interval (TDD_interval = X + Y msec). At this time, the time of X and Y can be varied within the range of the time division duplex communication interval (TDD_interval) to change the data transmission speed.

[0021] To transmit more data at a higher upstream speed, Y must be allocated larger than X to allow for the sending of more upstream frame data. However, as Y is allocated larger than X, the amount of downstream frame data decreases, resulting in a lower downstream frame transmission speed. Conversely, to increase the downstream frame transmission speed, X simply needs to be allocated larger than Y.

[0022] As shown in Figure 2, assuming that the time allocated for transmitting downframe data is X msec and the time allocated for transmitting upframe data is Y msec, the delay time required to transmit downframe data is Y msec. This is because, after transmitting downframe data for X msec, one waits for Y msec to transmit upframe data, and then transmits downframe data again. For this reason, conversely, the delay time required to transmit upframe data is X msec. This means that as more transmission time is allocated, the transmission capacity increases, but the delay time increases.

[0023] And, the total round-trip transmission delay time required to receive upframe data and then downframe data is X + Y msec, which is the sum of the time division duplex interval (TDD_interval), since Y msec is required to transmit upframe data and X msec is required to transmit downframe data.

[0024] Referring to FIG. 3, an automotive communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured to include a base station (100), an automobile (200), and a pedestrian mobile (300).

[0025] As illustrated in FIG. 3, in an environment where vehicle communication is performed through a base station (100) connected to the cloud, the base station (100) performs a transmission operation for X msec to send downframe data and performs a reception operation for Y msec to process upframe data. Conversely, the vehicle (200) performs a reception operation for X msec to process downframe data and performs a transmission operation for Y msec to send upframe data.

[0026] Although power consumption operation is not important for the base station (100), in the case of communication between a vehicle and a pedestrian, the pedestrian mobile (300) operates on a battery, so it must operate at low power.

[0027] Generally, since a power amplifier is applied to the antenna front end for long-distance transmission of the signal, the transmission operation consumes more power than the reception operation. That is, the battery-operated pedestrian mobile (300) consumes more power during the transmission operation of upframe data than during the reception operation of receiving downframe data. For this reason, the longer the transmission time (Y msec) of the upframe data, the greater the power consumption of the pedestrian mobile (300).

[0028] As shown in FIG. 3, assuming that the power consumption of the pedestrian mobile (300) is Big watt when transmitting upframe data and Small watt when receiving downframe data, the power consumed by the pedestrian mobile (300) while transmitting and receiving is Big * Y / (X+Y) + Small * X / (X+Y). That is, the power consumption of the pedestrian mobile (300) increases as the transmission time (Y msec) increases, and conversely decreases as the reception time (X msec) increases.

[0029] In bidirectional communication, transmission speed, latency, and power consumption are related depending on how much of the upstream and downstream transmission time is occupied. That is, if more time (Y msec) is allocated for the pedestrian mobile (300) to transmit upstream frame data, the transmission speed of the data sent by the pedestrian mobile (300) to the base station (100) increases, and the latency decreases. On the other hand, power consumption increases because the transmission time is allocated more than the reception time.

[0030] Conversely, if more time (X msec) is allocated for the pedestrian mobile (300) to receive downframe data, the transmission speed of the data sent by the pedestrian mobile (300) to the base station (100) decreases, and the delay time increases. On the other hand, power consumption is reduced because the reception time is allocated more than the transmission time.

[0031] FIG. 4 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method performed by a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating a data frame structure of time-division dual communication according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5, focusing on FIG. 4.

[0032] In step S110, the high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device scans the communication channel between the base station (100) and the vehicle (200) or between the vehicle (200) and the pedestrian mobile (300).

[0033] In step S120, the high-efficiency variable time-division duplex communication device sets the time-division duplex ratio (TDD ratio) of the scanned communication channel to a preset initial value.

[0034] Referring to Fig. 5, in a time-division duplex communication that performs bidirectional communication by alternating transmission and reception, assuming that the transmitted data consists of n transmission blocks and the received data consists of n reception blocks, and that n transmission blocks and n reception blocks are sent alternately in 1 second, the speed at which both transmitted data and received data are sent in 1 second becomes the transmission speed.

[0035] The time division duplex interval (TDD_interval) is the time between one transmit block and one receive block. Therefore, the time division duplex control clock is n Hz, and transmission and reception are repeated at n Hz.

[0036] A single time division duplex interval (TDD_interval) consists of a plurality of pre-set slots. As shown in FIG. 5, assuming that the time division duplex interval (TDD_interval) is configured with 10 slots and the time division duplex ratio (TDD ratio) is set to 5:5, an operation can be performed in which 5 slots are sent during transmission and 5 slots are sent during reception.

[0037] And, if the data frame constituting the slot is defined as Super_frame, the control clock of Super_frame becomes 10n Hz, and the period of Super_frame becomes 1 / 10n sec.

[0038] As shown in Fig. 5, assuming that the Super_frame consists of m unit frames, the frame control clock becomes (10n * m) Hz.

[0039] Since the time division duplex interval (TDD_interval) operates in unit slots, the transmission speed of upframe data and downframe data can be adjusted in slot units. For example, the ratio of the number of upframe slots to downframe slots can be variably set to 0:10, 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1, 10:0.

[0040] This means that the occupancy time of each downstream and upstream frame data can be varied within the range of the Time Division Duplex (TDD) interval. Therefore, by adjusting the ratio of the number of upstream and downstream slots, the upstream and downstream transmission speeds, latency, and power consumption can be optimized.

[0041] Therefore, the time division duplex ratio (TDD ratio) can be calculated as the ratio of the number of up slots to the number of down slots. For example, the initial value of the time division duplex ratio (TDD ratio) can be set to 1:N-1. Here, N is the total number of slots constituting the time division duplex interval (TDD_interval).

[0042] In step S130, the high-efficiency variable time-division duplex communication device adjusts the time-division duplex ratio (TDD ratio) according to the operating mode.

[0043] In step S140, the high-efficiency variable time-division duplex communication device processes the transmission and reception of data according to the adjusted time-division duplex communication ratio.

[0044] Here, the operation mode may include, in the case of a vehicle versus a base station, a first mode in which the vehicle (200) receives high-capacity audio and video data of traffic information and multimedia from the base station (100), a second mode in which sensor data of the vehicle (200) is transmitted as upframe data when moving, and a third mode in which bidirectional control data may be transmitted and received from time to time.

[0045] In the first mode, the number of slots for downframe data is set to a preset maximum number. By allocating many slots for downframe data to receive audio and video data, the transmission speed can be increased, allowing for better image quality to be obtained. Furthermore, processing can be done with low latency as many slots are allocated, and the vehicle (200) can operate with low power consumption.

[0046] Next, in the second mode, contrary to the first mode, the number of slots for upframe data to accommodate sensor data is set to a preset minimum number. In the case of a car versus a pedestrian, the number of slots for downframe data transmitting sensor data of the car (200) to the pedestrian mobile (300) can be set to a preset minimum number.

[0047] Next, for the third mode, the number of slots for upframe data is set to one. Since the amount of control data required to control transmission and reception is small, it is necessary to allocate a minimum number of slots for processing. Generally, because control data is small in size, it is advantageous to allocate a single slot when transmitting control data as upframe data. Furthermore, in cases where control data is exchanged—such as during the configuration state before sending audio and video data, or in abnormal situations where normal display is not possible due to a problem with the communication channel—a single slot is allocated to handle transmission and reception for upframe data processing.

[0048] Since most control data is significantly smaller than user data such as audio and video data, slots can be operated more efficiently by transmitting them intermittently through even-numbered Super_frames or Super_frames that are multiples of 3.

[0049] The time division duplex ratio (TDD ratio) can be defined as the number of transmission slots : the number of reception slots based on the base station (100). For example, assuming that the time division duplex interval (TDD_interval) consists of N unit slots and M slots are used for downframe data, the ratio of the number of downframe slots to upframe slots can be set to M : (NM).

[0050] In the case of vehicle-to-base station communication, determining the minimum number of upstream slots based on the maximum size of control data that can be generated upstream, and determining the time-division duplex interval (TDD_interval) based on the determined minimum number of upstream slots, results in a data processing structure that operates most effectively in vehicle communication, receiving safety information without delay and with the lowest power consumption.

[0051] And, in the case of vehicle-to-pedestrian communication, when safety information is transmitted, conversely, the vehicle (200) determines the number of downstream slots to a minimum number based on the maximum size of control data that can be generated downstream to the pedestrian mobile (300), and determines the time-division duplex communication interval (TDD_interval) based on the determined minimum number of downstream slots; this is the method to receive safety information without delay in vehicle communication. However, in this case, it becomes a data processing structure in which the power consumption of the pedestrian mobile (300) may increase.

[0052] When control data including general user information and control information is transmitted, conversely, the number of upstream slots for transmission of the pedestrian mobile (300) can be determined to a minimum number and more downstream slots allocated so that the power consumption of the pedestrian mobile (300) is reduced and data transmission and reception can be performed. However, in this case, the transmission speed of the pedestrian mobile (300) is reduced and the delay time is increased.

[0053] The time-division duplex ratio (TDD ratio) set by slot allocation in this way can be summarized as shown in the table below.

[0054]

[0055] Here, N is the number of down slots for transmitting audio and video data, and M is the number of up slots for transmitting sensor data. The total number of allocated slots is N + M.

[0056] That is, when the number of down slots is greater than the number of up slots, the pedestrian mobile (300) has low power consumption, high latency, and low transmission speed. Conversely, when the number of up slots is greater than the number of down slots, power consumption is high, latency is low, and transmission speed is high.

[0057] FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Referring to FIG. 6, a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor (10), a memory (20), a communication unit (30), and an interface unit (40).

[0059] The processor (10) may be a CPU or a semiconductor device that executes processing instructions stored in memory (20).

[0060] The memory (20) may include various types of volatile or non-volatile memory media. For example, the memory (20) may include ROM, RAM, etc.

[0061] For example, the memory (20) can store instructions for performing a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] The communication unit (30) is a means for transmitting and receiving data with other devices through a communication network.

[0063] The interface section (40) may include a network interface and a user interface for connecting to a network.

[0064] Meanwhile, the components of the aforementioned embodiments can be easily identified from a process perspective. That is, each component can be identified as a separate process. Furthermore, the processes of the aforementioned embodiments can be easily identified from the perspective of the device components.

[0065] In addition, the technical details described above may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed through various computer means and recorded on a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc., either individually or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the medium may be those specifically designed and configured for the embodiments, or they may be those known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer-readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tapes; optical recording media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; magneto-optical media such as floptical disks; and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, and flash memory. Examples of program instructions include machine code, such as that generated by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc. Hardware devices may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

[0066] The embodiments of the present invention described above are disclosed for illustrative purposes only, and those skilled in the art with ordinary knowledge of the present invention may make various modifications, changes, and additions within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications, changes, and additions should be considered to fall within the scope of the following claims. Explanation of the symbols

[0067] 10: Processor 20: Memory 30: Communications Department 40: Interface section

Claims

Claim 1 A high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication method performed by a high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device comprises: a step of scanning a communication channel between a base station and a vehicle or between said vehicle and a pedestrian mobile; a step of setting the time-division dual communication ratio of said scanned communication channel to a preset initial value; a step of adjusting said time-division dual communication ratio according to an operating mode; and a step of processing the transmission and reception of data according to said adjusted time-division dual communication ratio, wherein the operating mode comprises: a first mode in which the vehicle receives audio and video data from said base station; and a second mode in which sensor data of said vehicle is transmitted as upframe data.The method includes a third mode in which the base station and the vehicle transmit and receive control data, and the step of adjusting the time-division duplex communication ratio comprises: in the first mode, setting the number of slots for downframe data to a preset maximum number; in the second mode, setting the number of slots for upframe data to a preset minimum number; in the third mode, setting the number of slots for upframe data to one; in the third mode, transmitting the control data through an even-numbered or multiple-of-three Super_frame among a plurality of Super_frames; the time-division duplex communication ratio is calculated as the ratio of the number of up-slots to the number of down-slots, and the sum of the number of up-slots and the number of down-slots is the time-division duplex communication interval; when the communication channel is a communication channel between the base station and the vehicle and the control data is transmitted upstream, determining the minimum number of up-slots for transmitting the control data based on the maximum size of the control data that may occur upstream, and determining the time-division duplex communication interval based on the determined minimum number of up-slots; and when the communication channel is between the vehicle and the pedestrian mobile A high-efficiency variable time-division duplex communication method characterized by reducing power consumption of the pedestrian mobile by determining the number of upstream slots corresponding to the transmission of the pedestrian mobile as a minimum number and allocating the number of downstream slots to be greater than the number of upstream slots, based on the fact that the power consumed in the transmission operation of the pedestrian mobile is greater than the power consumed in the reception operation when control data including general user information and control information is transmitted in a communication channel between them. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete Claim 4 delete Claim 5 delete Claim 6 A high-efficiency variable time-division duplex communication device comprises: a memory for storing instructions; and a processor for executing instructions, wherein the instructions perform a high-efficiency variable time-division duplex communication method comprising: a step of scanning a communication channel between a base station and a vehicle or between the vehicle and a pedestrian mobile; a step of setting the time-division duplex communication ratio of the scanned communication channel to a preset initial value; a step of adjusting the time-division duplex communication ratio according to an operating mode; and a step of processing the transmission and reception of data according to the adjusted time-division duplex communication ratio, wherein the operating mode comprises: a first mode in which the vehicle receives audio and video data from the base station; and a second mode in which sensor data of the vehicle is transmitted as upframe data.The method includes a third mode in which the base station and the vehicle transmit and receive control data, and the step of adjusting the time-division duplex communication ratio comprises: in the first mode, setting the number of slots for downframe data to a preset maximum number; in the second mode, setting the number of slots for upframe data to a preset minimum number; in the third mode, setting the number of slots for upframe data to one; in the third mode, transmitting the control data through an even-numbered or multiple-of-three Super_frame among a plurality of Super_frames; the time-division duplex communication ratio is calculated as the ratio of the number of up-slots to the number of down-slots, and the sum of the number of up-slots and the number of down-slots is the time-division duplex communication interval; when the communication channel is a communication channel between the base station and the vehicle and the control data is transmitted upstream, determining the minimum number of up-slots for transmitting the control data based on the maximum size of the control data that may occur upstream, and determining the time-division duplex communication interval based on the determined minimum number of up-slots; and when the communication channel is between the vehicle and the pedestrian mobile A high-efficiency variable time-division dual communication device characterized by reducing power consumption of the pedestrian mobile by determining the number of upstream slots corresponding to the transmission of the pedestrian mobile as a minimum number and allocating the number of downstream slots to be greater than the number of upstream slots, based on the fact that the power consumed in the transmission operation of the pedestrian mobile is greater than the power consumed in the reception operation when control data including general user information and control information is transmitted in a communication channel between them.

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