Method for power loss accounting

Abstract

According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for estimating power loss is provided, comprising the steps of: obtaining information regarding at least one of the distance between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver and the rectified voltage of a wireless power receiver; and estimating power loss due to an affinity metal by referring to the obtained information.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for estimating power loss. Background Technology

[0002] The Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) is an international standardization organization in the field of wireless power transmission that establishes the Qi standard for magnetic induction wireless charging. The Qi standard fundamentally defines the Baseline Power Profile (BPP) and the Extended Power Profile (EPP), and the Magnetic Power Profile (MPP) has recently been newly defined.

[0003] For magnetic induction wireless charging, a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver must be provided, and it is required that no foreign object (FO) be present between the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver. If a foreign object is present between the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver, not only will the performance of wireless charging be degraded, but serious safety issues may also arise.

[0004] The Qi standard specifies various methods for detecting foreign objects (Foreign Object Detection (FOD) methods) based on BPP and EPP, and regarding FOD methods based on MPP, the MPLA (MPP Power Loss Accounting) method is being discussed.

[0005] If the MPLA method currently under discussion is referred to as the conventional MPLA method, the conventional MPLA method requires estimating power loss caused by friendly metals (FM) in order to estimate (or estimate) power loss caused by foreign substances. However, the linear model of power loss caused by friendly metals derived by the conventional MPLA method (i.e., the linear fit curve) shows a large deviation compared to the actual situation. This causes a large error when estimating power loss caused by friendly metals in actual applications, and this error directly leads to performance degradation of the FOD method. The problem to be solved

[0006] The present invention aims to solve all the problems of the aforementioned prior art.

[0007] In addition, another objective of the present invention is to propose an improved MPLA method based on an analysis of the physical causes of errors that occur when estimating (or calculating) power loss due to affinity metals using the existing MPLA method. means of solving the problem

[0008] A representative configuration of the present invention for achieving the above objective is as follows.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for estimating power loss is provided, comprising the steps of: obtaining information regarding at least one of the distance between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver and the rectified voltage of a wireless power receiver; and estimating power loss due to an affinity metal by referring to the obtained information.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, a wireless power transmitter is provided, comprising: an acquisition unit for acquiring information regarding at least one of the distance between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver and the rectified voltage of a wireless power receiver; and an estimation management unit for estimating power loss due to an affinity metal by referring to the acquired information.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for estimating power loss is provided, comprising the steps of obtaining information regarding at least one of the distance between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver and the rectified voltage of a wireless power receiver, and estimating power loss due to an affinity metal by referring to the obtained information.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, a wireless power receiver is provided, comprising: an acquisition unit for acquiring information regarding at least one of the distance between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver and the rectified voltage of a wireless power receiver; and an estimation management unit for estimating power loss due to an affinity metal by referring to the acquired information.

[0013] In addition to this, other methods for implementing the present invention, other wireless power transmitters, and other wireless power receivers are further provided. Effects of the invention

[0014] According to the present invention, the improved MPLA method can be proven to have superior performance in terms of Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) compared to the existing MPLA method, and can be implemented in a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver to which MPP is applied to improve the performance of foreign substance detection. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0015] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a loss-split model for a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver. Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a linear model derived by the conventional MPLA method. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the deviation in the linear model of power loss due to affinity metals derived by the conventional MPLA method. FIGS. 4 to 7 are schematic diagrams illustrating the components of a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver. Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating the process of deriving a linear model of power loss due to affinity metals in the conventional MPLA method. Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating the process of deriving a linear model of power loss due to affinity metals in the improved MPLA method. Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating a linear model of power loss due to affinity metals derived by the improved MPLA method. Figure 11 is a diagram illustrating linear models derived by the conventional MPLA method under GG, TG, and GR conditions. Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating a linear model of power loss due to affinity metals derived by the conventional MPLA method under TR conditions. Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating a linear model of power loss due to affinity metals derived by the improved MPLA method under GG, TG, and GR conditions. Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating a linear model of power loss due to affinity metals derived by the improved MPLA method under TR conditions. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0016] The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. It should be understood that various embodiments of the invention are different but need not be mutually exclusive. For example, specific shapes, structures, and characteristics described herein may be modified from one embodiment to another without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It should also be understood that the location or arrangement of individual components within each embodiment may be modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the following detailed description is not meant to be limiting, and the scope of the invention should be understood to encompass the scope claimed by the claims and all equivalents thereof. Similar reference numerals in the drawings indicate identical or similar components across various aspects.

[0017] It is noted that in this specification, the term "estimation" may be used interchangeably with the terms "estimation," "calculation," or "measurement" depending on the context. The reverse is also true.

[0018] Hereinafter, in order to enable a person skilled in the art to easily practice the present invention, various preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0019] Background of the Proposed Improved MPLA Method

[0020] MPP is a power profile newly introduced in the Qi2 standard, with discussions beginning based on Apple's MagSafe. Compared to the existing BPP and EPP, MPP is characterized by the addition of an additional element—namely, a magnet—that aligns and secures the wireless power transmitter (hereinafter referred to as "transmitter" or "PTx") and the wireless power receiver (hereinafter referred to as "receiver" or "PRx").

[0021] As explained in the technical background section of the invention, it is very important to establish an FOD method in MPP, just as it is in BPP and EPP. The existing MPLA method, which is being discussed as an FOD method in MPP, is scheduled to be implemented as follows.

[0022] Power loss due to foreign substances in the existing MPLA method is transmitted power and received power It is estimated to be the difference of. That is, The relationship holds. Here, by the transmitter It is estimated by the relationship equation, by the receiver It is estimated by the relationship equation. That is, To estimate, the transmitter input voltage , input current , transmitter-side circuit power loss , transmitter-side coil power loss and power loss caused by compatible metals It must be estimated. In addition, the receiver rectified voltage , rectified current , receiver-side circuit power loss and receiver-side coil power loss ... must be estimated. Under TR conditions (specific details of TR conditions will be described later), , and Each of these, , , It is estimated by the relationship equation. Here, , , and can be referred to as the MPLA coefficient or PLA coefficient, and , , and It can be referred to as a scaling factor or an ecosystem scaling factor.

[0023] MPLA coefficients are calculated from the slope and intercept after deriving a linear model (i.e., a linear fit curve) as shown in Fig. 2 using a loss splitting model for a transmitter and receiver as shown in Fig. 1.

[0024] The scaling factors are each , , and It is defined as follows. Here, the superscripts GG, TG, GR, and TR are used to distinguish various transmitter and receiver pairs. Specifically, GG refers to the case where the transmitter is a reference transmitter (Ref. PTx (TPT)) defined in the Qi standard and the receiver is a reference receiver (Ref. PRx (TPR)) defined in the Qi standard. Additionally, TG refers to the case where the transmitter is a general (or unknown) transmitter (General PTx) and the receiver is a reference receiver (Ref. PRx (TPR)) defined in the Qi standard. Additionally, GR refers to the case where the transmitter is a reference transmitter (Ref. PTx (TPT)) defined in the Qi standard and the receiver is a general (or unknown) receiver (General PRx). Additionally, TR refers to the case where the transmitter is a general (or unknown) transmitter (General PTx) and the receiver is a general (or unknown) receiver (General PRx). The existing MPLA method ultimately aims to derive results under TR conditions. The same applies to the improved MPLA method described later.

[0025] The existing MPLA method The linear model of (see Fig. 2(c)) A linear model of (see Fig. 2(a)) or It shows a large deviation compared to the linear model (see Fig. 2(b)). Fig. 3 specifically illustrates this deviation. This is in actual application It causes a large error when estimating, and that error directly leads to the performance degradation of the FOD method.

[0026] In the existing MPLA method, power loss due to affinity metal silver It was previously stated that this is estimated by the relationship. Here, a friendly metal may refer to a metal component included in the receiver. According to the above relationship, the existing MPLA method ...only It is being estimated as a function of (here, (corresponding to the current of the transmitter-side coil), it is presumed that this is the cause of the deviation.

[0027] The improved MPLA method proposed in the present invention is (or In addition to ), the distance between the transmitter and the receiver (z or z-distance) and the rectified voltage of the receiver ( At least one of ) It can function as a variable for estimating.

[0028] First, the z-distance Looking at the effect on it, as the z-distance increases, the leakage flux increases and interacts with a wider area of ​​the affinity metal. This phenomenon is the same Even under the condition, the z-distance It is inevitable that it will cause a change.

[0029] Next, go If we look at the impact on, Is It can change instantaneously in a certain section (for example, instantaneously changing from 12V to 14V), and that change It causes discontinuity. In the loss splitting model shown in Fig. 1, the transmitter-side coil current and receiver-side coil current It corresponds to the sum of the currents. affecting Since the influence of is dominant, The change of eventually It is inevitable that it will even cause discontinuity.

[0030] According to this physical cause analysis, z-distance and Is Along with It inevitably corresponds to a core variable that influences it. Based on this, the existing MPLA method uses z-distance and second While it is not considered as a variable, the improved MPLA method proposed in this invention includes z-distance and At least one of It was made to be considered as a variable.

[0031] Improved MPLA method

[0032] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the transmitter and the receiver may include basic components for magnetic induction wireless charging, such as a coil module, and the transmitter may additionally include a magnet for the application of MPP. Additionally, the receiver may include a friendly metal. Drawings illustrating the configuration of the transmitter and the receiver are as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7.

[0033] Specifically, FIG. 4(a) and (b) respectively show a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of a reference transmitter (Ref. PTx (TPT)) as defined in the Qi standard. As shown in FIG. 4, the transmitter may include a coil (410), a magnet (420), a lower enclosure (430), an upper enclosure (440), etc. Here, the coil (410) may be configured to operate based on MPP, and the magnet (420) may be formed to at least partially surround the coil (410).

[0034] Additionally, FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 5(b) respectively show a plan view and a perspective view of a general (or unknown) transmitter (General PTx). Unlike the perspective view, the plan view shows a prototype rather than a modeling drawing. As shown in FIG. 5, the transmitter may include a coil (510), a magnet (520), a ferrite (530), a bracket (540), etc. Specifically, the coil (510) may be composed of one coil (511) placed at the top and two coils (512, 513) placed at the bottom, and the coil (511) placed at the top may be configured to operate based on MPP. Additionally, the magnet (520) may be formed in a shape that at least partially surrounds the coil (511) placed at the top. For example, the magnet (520) may be formed in a shape that is basically circular, but alternately shows arc shapes of a circle with a central angle of 150 degrees. Additionally, the bracket (540) may be made of aluminum. Meanwhile, in the transmitter, the distance from the coil (511) positioned at the top to the upper surface of the transmitter may be 1.2 mm, and the distance from the magnet (520) to the upper surface of the transmitter may be 0.9 mm.

[0035] Additionally, FIG. 6(a) and (b) respectively show a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of a reference receiver (Ref. PRx (TPR)) specified in the Qi standard. As shown in FIG. 6, the receiver may include a coil (610), a magnet (620), a lower enclosure (630), a support plate (640), a friendly metal (650), etc. Here, the coil (610) may operate based on MPP, and the magnet (620) may be formed to at least partially surround the coil (610). Additionally, the thickness of the friendly metal (650) may be 4.3 mm.

[0036] Additionally, FIG. 7(a) and (b) respectively show a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of a general (or unknown) receiver (General PRx). As shown in FIG. 7, the receiver may include a coil (710), a magnet (720), a lower enclosure (730), a support plate (740), a friendly metal (750), etc. Here, the coil (710) may operate based on MPP, and the magnet (720) may be formed to surround at least a portion of the coil (710). Additionally, the thickness of the friendly metal (750) may be 0.7 mm. As the thickness of the friendly metal decreases, the Open-air R increases and the Open-air Q decreases; the receiver according to FIG. 7 may have a thinner thickness of the friendly metal compared to the receiver according to FIG. 6. The receiver according to Fig. 7 may have the same components as the receiver according to Fig. 6, except for the thickness of the friendly metal.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the first and second embodiments described below, a pair of transmitters and receivers shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 may be selected and a simulation performed according to conditions regarding the pair of transmitters and receivers. The conditions regarding the pair of transmitters and receivers required to perform the simulation in each embodiment will be described below.

[0038] Meanwhile, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the transmitter and the receiver may each include a configuration (not shown) for computational processing. Such a configuration may be referred to as a control circuit and may consist of components such as a processor and memory. Additionally, such a configuration may be configured in the form of a functional module. For example, the configuration for computational processing may be configured in the form of a module referred to as an acquisition unit, an estimation management unit, etc., in the transmitter and the receiver, respectively. Such a functional module may be understood as being included in the control circuit described above. An improved MPLA method based on the functional module is described as follows.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in performing an improved MPLA method, the acquisition unit has a distance (z-distance) between the transmitter and the receiver and a rectified voltage of the receiver ( Information regarding at least one of ) can be obtained, and the estimation management unit refers to the obtained information to power loss due to friendly metal ( ) can be estimated.

[0040] In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, in performing an improved MPLA method, the receiver, wherein the acquisition unit, the distance (z-distance) between the transmitter and the receiver and the rectified voltage of the receiver ( Information regarding at least one of ) can be obtained, and the estimation management unit refers to the obtained information to power loss due to friendly metal ( It is possible to make ) estimated.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the improved MPLA method described as being performed by such a functional module may be described as being performed by the transmitter or receiver itself as the principal, or by each control circuit included in the transmitter or receiver as the principal.

[0042] In the following, an embodiment in which an improved MPLA method is implemented dependently on z-distance (hereinafter, "First Embodiment") and z-distance and We will examine the embodiment implemented dependently on (hereinafter referred to as "the second embodiment"). Meanwhile, the improved MPLA method An embodiment implemented dependently thereon (hereinafter referred to as the "Third Embodiment") can be easily derived from the First and Second Embodiments, so a detailed description will be omitted. Of course, the Third Embodiment should also be understood as being included in the improved MPLA method proposed in the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be noted that the embodiments described below are described with the transmitter or receiver as the subject, but may also be described with the control circuit or functional module described above as the subject.

[0043] First Embodiment: Improved MPLA method dependent on z-distance

[0044] In this embodiment, After simulating the existing MPLA method and the improved MPLA method under conditions where V is fixed at 14V and the transmitter and receiver pair correspond to TG, and comparing and evaluating their performance, a method for implementing the improved MPLA method in the transmitter and receiver is described.

[0045] Meanwhile, in addition to the above conditions, the simulation, and The simulation was performed under conditions where the load power, defined as the product of , was 10W, 12.5W, and 15W. In addition, the simulation was also performed under conditions where the receiver is located at (0, 0, 0), (0, 0, 2), (2, 0, 0), and (2, 0, 2) when the transmitter is located at (0, 0, 0) in a 3D Cartesian coordinate system. Here, if the y-coordinate is omitted from the receiver's coordinates, it can also be represented as being performed at (0, 0), (0, 2), (2, 0), and (2, 2).

[0046] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the conventional MPLA method does not consider the z-distance as shown in FIG. 8, A linear model was derived, but the improved MPLA method depends on the z-distance as shown in Fig. 9. Multiple linear models can be derived. Since the z-distance is basically composed of 0 mm or 2 mm, two linear models are shown in Fig. 9, and in Fig. 10, they are combined and shown in a single graph.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the improved MPLA method, among the MPLA coefficients and depending on the z-distance and , or and It can be expressed as follows. In Fig. 10, the MPLA coefficients in the conventional MPLA method. and are each and It is calculated as. In addition, the MPLA coefficients in the improved MPLA method and are each and It is calculated as, and are each and It is calculated as.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the improved MPLA method For, when the z-distance is 0 mm The relationship can be derived, and in the case where the z-distance is 2 mm The relationship can be derived. Integrating this, in the improved MPLA method dependent on z-distance The relationship for estimating is It is the same as.

[0049] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the existing MPLA method and the improved MPLA method are examined from the perspective of RMSE as shown in Table 1. The unit is mW.

[0051]

[0053] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the improved MPLA method was verified to have a performance advantage in terms of RMSE of about 32.6% compared to the existing MPLA method when the z-distance is 0 mm, about 39.4% compared to the existing MPLA method when the z-distance is 2 mm, and about 35.7% compared to the existing MPLA method overall.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present invention, two methods can be considered for implementing an improved MPLA method dependent on z-distance in a transmitter and a receiver.

[0055] First, I will explain the first plan.

[0056] First of all, the transmitter and It is stored, and the receiver , , and It may be stored. The receiver uses the XID packet , , and It can transmit to the transmitter. The transmitter stores the stored , , , , and and measured and Using the combination coefficient ( ) can be estimated. The relationship for estimating is It is similar to... Meanwhile, can be referred to as eigen coefficients. Here, {a} can be 0 or 1, where 0 represents the slope of the linear model and 1 represents the y-intercept of the linear model. Also, {b} can be g or x, where g represents a reference transmitter (Ref. PTx (TPT)) defined in the Qi standard and x represents a general (or unknown) transmitter (General PTx). Also, {c} can be g or y, where g represents a reference receiver (Ref. PRx (TPR)) defined in the Qi standard and x represents a general (or unknown) receiver (General PRx).

[0057] Continuing, the transmitter uses KEST packets It can transmit to the receiver. In this case, the transmitter and the receiver, respectively, The current coupling condition can be determined by comparing with the reference value. Here, the reference value is It could be.

[0058] Furthermore, the transmitter may store a scaling factor dependent on z-distance, and the receiver may store MPLA coefficients dependent on z-distance. Specifically, the transmitter corresponds to the scaling factor , , , and It may be stored, and the receiver has a scaling factor corresponding to and corresponding to the MPLA coefficients , , and It may be stored. Here, and are each and It is defined as follows. In other words, the transmitter has a scaling factor dependent on the z-distance. and It may be stored, and the receiver has MPLA coefficients dependent on z-distance and It may be stored.

[0059] Continuing, if the determined combination state corresponds to the first level (or a higher level) (i.e., go (in the case where it is greater than or equal to), the transmitter is among the stored scaling factors and cast Select as a scaling factor for estimating, and It can be transmitted to the receiver using PLA packets. In addition, the receiver corresponds to the stored scaling factor and among the stored MPLA coefficients and It can be transmitted to the transmitter using PLA packets. Depending on the scaling factor selected by the transmitter or the MPLA coefficient transmitted by the receiver, the z-distance is It can be determined based on, and specifically, go It can be determined to be 0 mm in correspondence with something larger or equal.

[0060] Or, if the determined combination state corresponds to a second level (or lower level) (i.e., go (in the case where it is smaller), the transmitter among the stored scaling factors and cast Select as a scaling factor for estimating, and It can be transmitted to the receiver using PLA packets. In addition, the receiver corresponds to the stored scaling factor and among the stored MPLA coefficients and It can be transmitted to the transmitter using PLA packets. Depending on the scaling factor selected by the transmitter or the MPLA coefficient transmitted by the receiver, the z-distance is It can be determined based on, and specifically, go It can be determined to be 2 mm in correspondence with something smaller.

[0061] Subsequently, the transmitter refers to the selected scaling factor and the received MPLA coefficients (i.e., information obtained regarding the z-distance) It can be estimated. This is because the receiver is by the transmitter It can also be explained as having been made to be estimated. Here, silver It can be estimated from the relationship. Meanwhile, the transmitter Besides It can be further estimated, and the receiver It can be estimated.

[0062] Next, the second plan is explained.

[0063] First of all, the transmitter and It is stored, and the receiver , , and It may be stored. The receiver uses the XID packet , , and It can transmit to the transmitter. The transmitter stores the stored , , , , and and measured and Using the combination coefficient ( ) can be estimated. The relationship for estimating is It is similar to... Meanwhile, ε₀ can be referred to as an eigenvalue. Here, {a} can be 0 or 1, where 0 represents the slope of the linear model and 1 represents the y-intercept of the linear model. Also, {b} can be g or x, where g represents a reference transmitter (Ref. PTx (TPT)) defined in the Qi standard and x represents a general (or unknown) transmitter (General PTx). Also, {c} can be g or y, where g represents a reference receiver (Ref. PRx (TPR)) defined in the Qi standard and x represents a general (or unknown) receiver (General PRx).

[0064] Continuing, the transmitter and the receiver, respectively, The current coupling condition can be determined by comparing with the reference value. Here, the reference value is It may be. The transmitter uses a KEST packet (in some cases, the KEST packet transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver may be referred to as the first packet) Along with Information corresponding to it can be transmitted to the receiver. Specifically, the transmitter can transmit information corresponding to it when the determined coupling state corresponds to a first level (or a higher level) (i.e., go (in the case of being greater than or equal to), As information corresponding to this, 0 can be assigned to the reserved bit of the KEST packet. Additionally, the transmitter may assign 0 to the reserved bit of the KEST packet if the determined coupling state corresponds to the second level (or lower level) (i.e., go (in the case of being smaller), As information corresponding to this, 1 can be assigned to the reserve bit of the KEST packet. Meanwhile, the KEST packet may consist of 3 bytes, and among them, the bit sequence b7 to b4 of the second byte (B1) may correspond to the reserve bit.

[0065] Furthermore, the transmitter may store a scaling factor dependent on z-distance, and the receiver may store MPLA coefficients dependent on z-distance. Specifically, the transmitter corresponds to the scaling factor , , , and It may be stored, and the receiver has a scaling factor corresponding to and corresponding to the MPLA coefficients , , and It may be stored. Here, and are each and It is defined as follows. In other words, the transmitter has a scaling factor dependent on the z-distance. and It may be stored, and the receiver has MPLA coefficients dependent on z-distance and It may be stored.

[0066] Continuing, if the information assigned to the reserve bit corresponds to 0 (i.e., if the determined combination state corresponds to the first level (or higher level), or go (in the case where it is greater than or equal to), the transmitter is among the stored scaling factors and second Select as a scaling factor for estimating, and It can be transmitted to the receiver using PLA packets. In addition, the receiver corresponds to the stored scaling factor and among the stored MPLA coefficients and It can be transmitted to the transmitter using PLA packets. Depending on the scaling factor selected by the transmitter or the MPLA coefficient transmitted by the receiver, the z-distance is It can be determined based on, and specifically, go It can be determined to be 0 mm in correspondence with something larger or equal.

[0067] Or, if the information assigned to the reserve bit corresponds to 1 (i.e., if the determined combination state corresponds to the second level (or lower level), or go (in the case where it is smaller), the transmitter among the stored scaling factors and second Select as a scaling factor for estimating, and It can be transmitted to the receiver using PLA packets. In addition, the receiver corresponds to the stored scaling factor and among the stored MPLA coefficients and It can be transmitted to the transmitter using PLA packets. Depending on the scaling factor selected by the transmitter or the MPLA coefficient transmitted by the receiver, the z-distance is It can be determined based on, and specifically, go It can be determined to be 2 mm in correspondence with something smaller.

[0068] Subsequently, the transmitter uses the selected scaling factor and the received MPLA coefficients (i.e., information obtained regarding the z-distance) It can be estimated. This is because the receiver is by the transmitter It can also be explained as having been made to be estimated. Here, silver It can be estimated from the relationship. Meanwhile, the transmitter Besides It can be further estimated, and the receiver It can be estimated.

[0069] Second embodiment: z-distance and Improved MPLA method dependent on

[0070] In this embodiment, the existing MPLA method and the improved MPLA method are simulated under conditions where the transmitter and receiver pair correspond to TR, respectively, and their performance is compared and evaluated. Subsequently, a method for implementing the improved MPLA method in the transmitter and receiver is described.

[0071] Meanwhile, in addition to the above conditions, the simulation, and It was performed under conditions where the load power, defined as the product of, corresponds to 2.5W, 5W, 7.5W, 10W, 12.5W, and 15W. Here, 2.5W, 5W, and 7.5W are This is the case corresponding to 12V, and 10W, 12.5W, and 15W are This is the case corresponding to 14V. In addition, the simulation was performed under the condition that when the transmitter is located at (0, 0, 0) in a 3D Cartesian coordinate system, the receiver is located at (0, 0, 0), (0, 0, 2), (2, 0, 0), and (2, 0, 2). Here, if the y-coordinate is omitted from the receiver's coordinates, it can also be represented as being performed at (0, 0), (0, 2), (2, 0), and (2, 2).

[0072] The existing MPLA method, as shown in Fig. 11, has z-distance and under GG, TG, and GR conditions. Without considering A linear model was derived. The MPLA coefficients for each condition are as shown in Table 2.

[0074]

[0075] In addition, the scaling factor for each condition is as shown in Table 3.

[0077]

[0079] Under TR conditions, the existing MPLA method is, The estimated value of It is calculated as, The estimated value of It is calculated as follows. In addition, under TR conditions, the existing MPLA method, The estimated value of It is calculated as follows.

[0080] Figure 12 shows the conventional MPLA method derived under TR conditions A linear model of is plotted. The model plotted by the dashed line (hereinafter, model (a)) is derived without the application of a scaling factor As a linear model of, in this case The estimated value of It is the same as. Also, the model illustrated by the dashed line (hereinafter, model (b)) is This is a model derived by applying a scaling factor under the condition that V is 14V. In this case, The estimated value of It is the same as. Also, the model drawn with a solid line (hereinafter, model (c)) is This is a model derived by applying a scaling factor under conditions where V is between 12V and 14V. In this case, The estimated value of It is the same as.

[0081] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the three models illustrated in FIG. 12 are examined in terms of RMSE as shown in Table 4. The unit is mW.

[0083]

[0085] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the existing MPLA method has a z-distance and Without considering A linear model was derived, but the improved MPLA method, as shown in Fig. 13, has z-distance and Depending on Multiple linear models of can be derived. Basically, the z-distance consists of 0 mm or 2 mm, and Since it is configured as 12V or 14V, four linear models for each condition of a pair of transmitter and receiver are shown in FIG. 13. FIG. 13 is illustrated for the GG condition, TG condition, and GR condition.

[0086] According to one embodiment of the present invention, The MPLA coefficients under the condition that V is 12V are as shown in Table 5.

[0088]

[0090] In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, The MPLA coefficients under the condition that V is 14V are as shown in Table 6.

[0092]

[0094] In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, The scaling factor under the condition that V is 12V is as shown in Table 7.

[0096]

[0098] In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, The scaling factor under the condition that V is 14V is as shown in Table 8.

[0100]

[0102] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the improved MPLA method has z-distance and under TR conditions dependent on It can be estimated.

[0103] Specifically, the z-distance is 0 mm and In the case where V is 12V, The estimated value of It is calculated as follows.

[0104] Also, the z-distance is 2 mm and In the case where V is 12V, The estimated value of It is calculated as follows.

[0105] Also, the z-distance is 0 mm and In the case where V is 14V, The estimated value of It is calculated as follows.

[0106] Also, the z-distance is 2 mm and In the case where V is 14V, The estimated value of It is calculated as follows.

[0107] Here, the scaling factor and are respectively, and It is defined as.

[0108] Figure 14 shows the MPLA method derived by the improved method under TR conditions. A linear model of is shown. However, the model shown by the dotted line and the model shown by the solid line in Fig. 14 are models (b) and (c) from the conventional MPLA method, respectively. The model shown by the thick solid line in Fig. 14 is derived by the improved MPLA method As a linear model of, the relationship is It is the same as.

[0109] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the three models illustrated in FIG. 14 are examined in terms of RMSE as shown in Table 9. The unit is mW.

[0111]

[0113] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the model according to the improved MPLA method was verified to have a performance advantage in terms of RMSE of about 30.2% compared to model (b) of the existing MPLA method and about 27.9% compared to model (c) of the existing MPLA method.

[0114] According to one embodiment of the present invention, z-distance and The method for implementing an improved MPLA method dependent on [it] in the transmitter and receiver is as follows.

[0115] First of all, the transmitter and It is stored, and the receiver , , and It may be stored. The receiver uses the XID packet , , and It can transmit to the transmitter. The transmitter stores the stored , , , , and and measured and Using the combination coefficient ( ) can be estimated. The relationship for estimating is It is similar to... Meanwhile, ε₀ can be referred to as an eigenvalue. Here, {a} can be 0 or 1, where 0 represents the slope of the linear model and 1 represents the y-intercept of the linear model. Also, {b} can be g or x, where g represents a reference transmitter (Ref. PTx (TPT)) defined in the Qi standard and x represents a general (or unknown) transmitter (General PTx). Also, {c} can be g or y, where g represents a reference receiver (Ref. PRx (TPR)) defined in the Qi standard and x represents a general (or unknown) receiver (General PRx).

[0116] Continuing, the transmitter uses KEST packets It can transmit to the receiver. In this case, the transmitter and the receiver, respectively, The current combination state can be determined by comparing with a reference value. Here, the reference value is It could be.

[0117] Furthermore, the transmitter has z-distance and A scaling factor dependent on may be stored, and the receiver has z-distance and MPLA coefficients dependent on may be stored. Specifically, in the transmitter, corresponding to a scaling factor , ( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , ) and ( , ) may be stored, and the receiver has a scaling factor corresponding to and corresponding to the MPLA coefficients ( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , ) and ( , ) may be stored. Here, what is enclosed in parentheses can be understood as a single set. In other words, the transmitter has z-distance and Scaling factor dependent on { , } may be stored, and the receiver has z-distance and MPLA coefficients dependent on { , } may be stored.

[0118] Continuing, the transmitter among the stored scaling factors It can be transmitted to the receiver using PLAP packets. In addition, the receiver corresponds to the stored scaling factor All of the stored MPLA coefficients can be transmitted to the transmitter using a PLAP packet (in some cases, the PLAP packet transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter may be referred to as the second packet). In this case, when the receiver transmits the MPLA coefficients to the transmitter, it may transmit a different PLAP packet for each MPLA coefficient (or set of MPLA coefficients). Specifically, the PLAP packet may consist of 7 bytes, among which the second byte (B1) and the third byte (B2) Information corresponding to can be assigned, and in the fourth byte (B3) and the fifth byte (B4) Information corresponding to can be assigned, and in the sixth byte (B5) and the seventh byte (B6) Information corresponding to can be assigned. Here, the bit sequence b7 to b0 of the first byte (B0) of the PLAP packet may correspond to reserved bits, and the corresponding reserved bits and z-distance to be applied and Information corresponding to the condition of can be assigned. Here, the information corresponding to the z-distance condition may correspond to 0 when the z-distance is 0 mm, and may correspond to 1 when the z-distance is 2 mm. Also, The information corresponding to the conditions of is, If V is 12V, it may correspond to 0, and If α is 14V, it may correspond to 1, and If it can be greater than 14V, then a value greater than 1 may correspond to this.

[0119] Subsequently, when the transmitter receives the scaling factor and MPLA coefficients from the receiver, the transmitter receives the scaling factor corresponding to and It may be stored, as a set of scaling factors and MPLA coefficients ( , , , ), ( , , , ), ( , , , ), ( , , , ), ( , , , ) and ( , , , ) may be stored. Meanwhile, the receiver uses a PLA packet (in some cases, the PLA packet transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter may be referred to as the third packet) Information corresponding to can be transmitted to the receiver. Here, The information corresponding to is, As information to assist in the selection of coefficients used to estimate (specifically, a set of scaling factors and MPLA coefficients), If V is 12V, it may correspond to 0, and If α is 14V, it may correspond to 1, and If it can become larger than 14V, a value greater than 1 could correspond to this. The receiver Information corresponding to can be assigned to the reserve bits of the PLA packet. The PLA packet may consist of 5 bytes, and among them, the bit sequence b4 to b0 of the first byte (B0) may correspond to the reserve bits.

[0120] Continuing, the transmitter refers to the determined coupling state and the information assigned to the reserve bits of the PLA packet received from the transmitter to determine the set of scaling factors and MPLA coefficients (i.e., { , , , }( You can select any one of the following. For example, the determined combination state corresponds to the first level (or higher level) (i.e., go (If greater than or equal to) If the information assigned to the reserved bit corresponds to 0 (i.e., (in the case where α corresponds to 12V), the transmitter selects from the set of scaling factors and MPLA coefficients ( , , , )cast It can be selected as a set of scaling factors and MPLA coefficients for estimating. As another example, the determined coupling state corresponds to a second level (or lower level) (i.e., go (If smaller) If the information assigned to the reserved bit corresponds to 1 (i.e., (in the case where is 14V), the transmitter among the set of scaling factors and MPLA coefficients ( , , , )cast A set of scaling factors and MPLA coefficients can be selected to estimate it. Here, depending on the choice of transmitter, the z-distance is It can be determined based on, and specifically, go It can be determined to be 0 mm in correspondence with something greater than or equal to it, and go It can be determined to be 2 mm in correspondence with something smaller.

[0121] Continuing, the transmitter has a set of selected scaling factors and MPLA coefficients (i.e., z-distance and By referring to the information obtained regarding It can be estimated. This is because the receiver is by the transmitter It can also be explained as having been made to be estimated. Here, silver It can be estimated from the relationship. Meanwhile, the transmitter Besides It can be further estimated, and the receiver It can be estimated.

[0122] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to specific details such as specific components, limited embodiments, and drawings, this is provided only to aid in a more comprehensive understanding of the invention, and the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and a person skilled in the art to which the invention belongs can make various modifications and changes from this description.

[0123] Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments described above, and all scopes equivalent to or equivalently modified from the claims set forth below, as well as the claims set forth below, shall be considered to fall within the scope of the concept of the present invention.

Claims

Claim 1 A method for estimating power loss, wherein the method is implemented in a wireless power transmitter, the wireless power transmitter comprises the steps of obtaining information regarding at least one of a gap between the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver and a rectified voltage of the wireless power receiver, and the wireless power transmitter estimating power loss due to a friendly metal by referring to the obtained information, wherein the friendly metal is a metal included in at least one of the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver, and at least one of the gap and the rectified voltage functions as a variable for estimating power loss, and the power loss due to the friendly metal is dependent on at least one of the gap and the rectified voltage. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 In claim 1, the above interval is determined based on the coupling coefficient. Claim 4 In paragraph 3, the above interval is determined as a first value corresponding to the joint coefficient being greater than or equal to a reference value, and as a second value corresponding to the joint coefficient being smaller than a reference value. Claim 5 In paragraph 3, a method wherein the first packet transmitted to the wireless power receiver includes information corresponding to the coupling coefficient. Claim 6 A method according to claim 1, wherein a second packet transmitted from the wireless power receiver includes a coefficient used to estimate the power loss and information corresponding to a condition to be applied to the coefficient. Claim 7 A method according to claim 1, wherein a third packet transmitted from the wireless power receiver includes information to assist in the selection of a coefficient used to estimate the power loss. Claim 8 In claim 1, the wireless power receiver stores a coefficient used to estimate the power loss, and the coefficient is dependent on at least one of the interval and the rectified voltage. Claim 9 A wireless power transmitter that obtains information regarding at least one of the gap between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver and the rectified voltage of a wireless power receiver, and estimates power loss due to a friendly metal by referring to the obtained information, wherein the friendly metal is a metal included in at least one of the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver, and at least one of the gap and the rectified voltage functions as a variable for estimating power loss, and the power loss due to the friendly metal is dependent on at least one of the gap and the rectified voltage. Claim 10 delete Claim 11 In claim 9, the above interval is a wireless power transmitter determined based on a coupling coefficient. Claim 12 A wireless power transmitter according to claim 11, wherein the above interval is determined as a first value corresponding to the coupling coefficient being greater than or equal to a reference value, and as a second value corresponding to the coupling coefficient being smaller than a reference value. Claim 13 A wireless power transmitter according to claim 11, wherein the first packet transmitted to the wireless power receiver includes information corresponding to the coupling coefficient. Claim 14 In claim 9, a wireless power transmitter in which a second packet transmitted from the wireless power receiver includes a coefficient used to estimate the power loss and information corresponding to a condition to be applied to the coefficient. Claim 15 In claim 9, a wireless power transmitter in which a third packet transmitted from the wireless power receiver includes information to assist in the selection of a coefficient used to estimate the power loss. Claim 16 In claim 9, the wireless power receiver stores a coefficient used to estimate the power loss, and the coefficient is dependent on at least one of the interval and the rectified voltage. Claim 17 A method for estimating power loss, wherein the method is implemented by a wireless power receiver, the wireless power receiver comprises the steps of obtaining information necessary for a wireless power transmitter to estimate power loss due to a friendly metal, and the wireless power receiver transmitting the obtained information to the wireless power transmitter, wherein the wireless power transmitter estimates power loss due to the friendly metal by referring to the obtained information, and the wireless power transmitter estimates power loss by referring to information regarding at least one of a gap between the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver and a rectified voltage of the wireless power receiver, wherein the friendly metal is a metal included in at least one of the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver, and the gap and at least one of the rectified voltage function as variables for estimating power loss, and the power loss due to the friendly metal is dependent on at least one of the gap and the rectified voltage. Claim 18 delete Claim 19 In paragraph 17, the above interval is determined based on the coupling coefficient. Claim 20 In claim 19, the above interval is determined as a first value corresponding to the joint coefficient being greater than or equal to a reference value, and as a second value corresponding to the joint coefficient being smaller than a reference value. Claim 21 In claim 19, a method wherein the first packet transmitted from the wireless power transmitter includes information corresponding to the coupling coefficient. Claim 22 In claim 17, a method wherein a second packet transmitted to the wireless power transmitter includes a coefficient used to estimate the power loss and information corresponding to a condition to be applied to the coefficient. Claim 23 A method according to claim 17, wherein a third packet transmitted to the wireless power transmitter includes information to assist in the selection of a coefficient used to estimate the power loss. Claim 24 In paragraph 17, the wireless power receiver stores a coefficient used to estimate the power loss, and the coefficient is dependent on at least one of the interval and the rectified voltage. Claim 25 A wireless power receiver that acquires information necessary for a wireless power transmitter to estimate a power loss due to a friendly metal and transmits the acquired information to the wireless power transmitter, wherein the wireless power transmitter estimates the power loss due to the friendly metal by referring to the acquired information, and the wireless power transmitter estimates the power loss by referring to information regarding at least one of the gap between the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver and the rectified voltage of the wireless power receiver, wherein the friendly metal is a metal included in at least one of the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver, and at least one of the gap and the rectified voltage functions as a variable for estimating the power loss, and the power loss due to the friendly metal is dependent on at least one of the gap and the rectified voltage. Claim 26 delete Claim 27 In paragraph 25, the above interval is a wireless power receiver determined based on a coupling coefficient. Claim 28 A wireless power receiver according to claim 27, wherein the above interval is determined as a first value corresponding to the coupling coefficient being greater than or equal to a reference value, and as a second value corresponding to the coupling coefficient being smaller than a reference value. Claim 29 In claim 27, a wireless power receiver in which the first packet transmitted from the wireless power transmitter includes information corresponding to the coupling coefficient. Claim 30 In paragraph 25, a wireless power receiver wherein the second packet transmitted to the wireless power transmitter includes a coefficient used to estimate the power loss and information corresponding to the conditions to be applied to the coefficient. Claim 31 In paragraph 25, a wireless power receiver in which a third packet transmitted to the wireless power transmitter includes information to assist in the selection of a coefficient used to estimate the power loss. Claim 32 In paragraph 25, the wireless power receiver stores a coefficient used to estimate the power loss, and the coefficient is dependent on at least one of the interval and the rectified voltage.

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