Composition for preventing plant diseases and nematodes, and method of control using the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for preventing plant infectious diseases and nematodes, and a control method using the same, wherein a composition of a chloric acid source composed of an alkali metal and a composition of an acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids are supplied to a plant by means of independent supply, and a chloric acid composition having strong oxidizing power capable of eradicating infectious diseases is produced inside the plant through a chemical reaction resulting from the mixing of the chloric acid source composed of an alkali metal and the acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids absorbed by the plant, thereby causing protein denaturation and DNA damage of viruses and nematodes, and resulting in the loss of function of viruses, by the oxidizing power of the chloric acid composition produced inside the plant.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition for preventing viral infectious diseases and nematode infections in plants and a control method using the same. More specifically, the invention relates to a composition comprising a chloric acid source composed of hypochlorous acid (HClO), chlorous acid (HClO2), or chloric acid (HClO3) and an alkali metal, and an acid source composed of organic or inorganic acids, which are supplied to the plant by an independent supply means for absorption; wherein a chloric acid source composed of an alkali metal absorbed by the plant and an acid source composed of organic or inorganic acids are mixed to produce a chloric acid composition having strong oxidizing power capable of eradicating infectious diseases through a chemical reaction, and wherein the oxidizing power of the chloric acid composition produced inside the plant causes protein denaturation and DNA damage in viruses and nematodes, thereby providing a composition for preventing viral infectious diseases and nematodes in plants and a control method using the same, resulting in the loss of function of viruses and nematodes. Background Technology

[0003] Infectious diseases spread not only among animals but also among plants. Representative examples include plant anthracnose and potato blight. If diseases occur in food crops, agricultural production drops, potentially leading to large-scale food shortages such as the Great Famine in Ireland.

[0005] Plant infectious diseases are known to include potato blight, Panama wilt, new Panama disease, coffee rust, ergot, fire blight, broom disease, rice blast, red mold, pepper anthracnose, tomato bacterial wilt, corn smut, blight, banana stem wilt virus, pine nematode, citrus greening disease, and aloe cancer. These are very dangerous infectious diseases that can cause large-scale damage to crops, potentially leading to famine and mass deaths of people.

[0007] Just like humans, fruit trees are infected by viruses. When fruit trees are infected, the sugar content of the fruit decreases and yields decline, exacerbating economic damage for farmers. Generally, in fruit trees, viruses cause reduced productivity, such as lower fruit quality and yield reduction, through graft infection. Major viruses that pose a problem to apples in Korea include Adenoclonal Spot Virus (ACLSV, Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus ), Mosaic virus (ApMV, Apple mosaic virus ), Staphylococcus aureus virus (ASPV, Apple stem pitting virus ), Leaf Black Spot Virus (ASGV, Apple stem grooving virus ...etc., and viroids include atrophic viroids (ASSVd, Apple scar skin viroid ) 1 type is being reported.

[0009] In particular, the Acetylcholinergic Sacral Virus (ACLSV) causes disease in pear trees, and the Acetylcholinergic Sacral Virus (ASGV) causes damage to peach trees. These viruses and viroids mostly cause co-infections, which lead to chronic damage such as slowly weakening tree vigor and making fruit smaller. It is known that this results in a 20-40% reduction in production in domestic apples and causes a decrease in sugar content and marketability.

[0011] The most serious of pine infectious diseases is pine wilt disease. This is a fatal disease that causes significant damage to trees of the Pinaceae family, such as pine, Japanese black pine, and Korean pines. Pine wilt nematodes penetrate the tree via vectors (such as the long-horned beetle) and block the xylem vessels, causing the tree to dry out and die. Once infected, treatment is impossible, resulting in a 100% mortality rate. In addition to pine wilt disease, other pine infectious diseases exist, such as pine needle rust and pine gall disease.

[0013] The level of control for tree infectious diseases in Korea varies depending on the type of disease, the speed of spread, and the scale of damage. Generally, however, physical, chemical, biological, and preventive control methods are carried out in combination. Nevertheless, each control method has limitations and side effects, such as the risk of ecosystem destruction due to the need to remove trees for physical control, the potential for environmental pollution and harm to the human body for chemical control, and the long time required for biological control to show results. Therefore, for effective control, it is necessary to develop comprehensive measures that overcome these limitations and combine the advantages of each method, as well as to develop compositions and control methods that can prevent tree infectious diseases.

[0015] The technologies for preventing tree infectious diseases to date are as follows.

[0016] Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0058566 presents the strain Pantoea aglomerans F2020-15 and its use for controlling fire blight in fruit trees.

[0017] Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0071706 presents a novel bacteriophage specific to fire blight and black rot of fruit trees and a method of using the same.

[0018] Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0051521 presents a variant strain of Pantoea ananatis that produces aerobacterin and desperioxamine with high efficiency and has a control effect against fire blight, and its uses.

[0019] Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0172783 presents a Pseudomonas cedrina strain for controlling fire blight in fruit trees and its uses.

[0020] Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0135934 describes a product having antagonistic activity against fire blight bacteria. Pantoea agglomerans, Pantoea ananatis, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens and Pseudomonas asiatica It presents a mixture of four strains and its use for controlling fire blight.

[0021] Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0016784 presents a composition for controlling pine wilt disease containing a novel Streptomyces strain or a compound isolated therefrom.

[0022] Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0153373 presents a composition for controlling plant diseases including pepper anthracnose and a method for controlling plant diseases using the same.

[0023] Korean Patent Application No. 10-2013-0045334 presents a composition for controlling rice blast disease containing an extract of *Annamorena asphodeloides* as an active ingredient, and a method for controlling rice blast disease using said composition.

[0024] Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0040885 presents Avr3aa (Avirulence effector protein 3a) target dsRNA that inhibits the proliferation of Phytophthora infestans and its uses.

[0026] In most of the aforementioned conventional technologies, unlike the technical concept and configuration of the present invention, a chloric acid-based source composed of alkali metals and an acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids are supplied to plants by independent supply means for absorption, and a control method for preventing plant infectious diseases and nematodes by inducing protein denaturation and DNA damage of viruses and nematodes through strong oxidizing power to eradicate infectious diseases through a chemical reaction resulting from the mixing of the alkali metal-based chloric acid-based source and the acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids absorbed by the plants has not been disclosed.

[0028] It has been confirmed that the technical concept of the present invention as described above has not yet been presented in the prior art, and furthermore, it has been determined to be a novel technology that cannot achieve the purpose intended to be provided by the present invention even when various prior technologies are applied in combination, leading to the filing of a patent application. Prior art literature

[0030] KR Application No. 10-2023-0058566 KR Application No. 10-2022-0071706 KR Application No. 10-2022-0051521 KR Application No. 10-2020-0172783 KR Application No. 10-2023-0135934 KR Application No. 10-2020-0016784 KR Application No. 10-2023-0153373 KR Application No. 10-2013-0045334 KR Application No. 10-2023-0040885 The problem to be solved

[0031] The present invention aims to provide a control method for preventing plant infectious diseases and nematodes by causing the loss of function of viruses and nematodes, wherein a composition of a chloric acid source composed of an alkali metal and a composition of an acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids are absorbed and supplied to a plant by an independent supply means, and a chloric acid composition having strong oxidizing power is produced inside the plant through a chemical reaction resulting from the mixing of the chloric acid source composition composed of an alkali metal absorbed by the plant and the acid source composition composed of organic and inorganic acids, thereby causing protein denaturation and DNA damage of viruses and nematodes due to the oxidizing power of the chloric acid composition produced inside the plant. means of solving the problem

[0033] In preventing viral and nematode infections in plants, the present invention is characterized by a composition for preventing plant infectious diseases and nematodes, wherein a composition of a chlorate-based source composed of an alkali metal and a composition of an acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids are prepared individually, and the composition of the chlorate-based source composed of an alkali metal and the composition of the acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids are absorbed and supplied into the plant body by independent supply means, and wherein the composition of the chlorate-based source composed of an alkali metal and the composition of the acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids absorbed into the plant body are configured to produce a chlorate-based composition with strong oxidizing power through mixing and chemical reaction within the plant body.

[0035] The above-mentioned chloric acid source is characterized by being composed of 0.001 to 1.5 weight% of one or more of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), sodium chlorite (NaClO2), sodium chlorate (NaClO3), potassium hypochlorite (KClO), potassium chlorite (KClO2), potassium chlorate (KClO3), ammonium hypochlorite (NH4ClO), ammonium chlorite (NH4ClO2), and ammonium chlorate (NH4ClO3).

[0037] The source of the acid is selected from one or more organic or inorganic acids among hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), methanesulfonic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, glycolic acid, and sulfamic acid, and the dilution ratio may vary over a wide concentration range depending on the acid dissociation constant (pKa) of the selected acid source, and preferably, one or more organic or inorganic acids selected from 0.00025 to 1.0 weight% are composed of 0.00025 to 1.0 weight%.

[0039] The above composition supply means is characterized by a control method of a composition for preventing plant infectious diseases and nematodes, provided by a supply method by drenching, a supply method by foliar application, a trunk injection method, or a supply method by hydrogel. Effects of the invention

[0041] Viral and nematode infections in plants cause various damages such as poor growth, deformities, reduced yields, and deterioration of quality. In particular, since there are no treatments for viruses and nematodes, farmers suffer significant economic losses due to the need to remove infected plants at the source, and 100% of pine trees die annually due to nematode infections, resulting in fatal forest damage. Therefore, controlling infections is the most effective preventive measure for viral diseases and nematodes for which there are no treatments.

[0043] The present invention enables the prevention of plant diseases and nematodes by independently distributing a chloric acid source composition, consisting of hypochlorous acid (HClO), chlorous acid (HClO2), or chloric acid (HClO3) and an alkali metal, and an acid source composition, consisting of organic and inorganic acids, into the plant body via drenching, foliar application, trunk injection, or supply via hydrogel. This allows the chloric acid source composition, which possesses strong oxidizing power, to eradicate infectious diseases and nematodes through a chemical reaction upon mixing of the alkali metal-based chloric acid source composition and the acid source composition, which consists of organic and inorganic acids. Consequently, the oxidizing power of the chloric acid system causes protein denaturation and DNA damage to viruses and nematodes, leading to the loss of viral function. This overcomes the reduction in yield and lower market value resulting from the induction of leaf stunting, deformity, stunted growth, and poor coloration, as well as forest damage caused by pine trees. Furthermore, the invention relates to crops and It is expected to have a significant effect in protecting forests by minimizing damage, preventing a decrease in farm income, and reducing additional pest control expenses. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0045] As the details of the invention for implementing the technical concept of the present invention are to be described as examples, terms and words used in the specification or claims of this application should not be interpreted as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted in a meaning and concept consistent with the technical concept of the present invention. Furthermore, the examples described in this specification are merely the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical concept of the present invention; therefore, it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications that can replace them may exist at the time of filing this application.

[0047] The technical concept of the present invention is to achieve the objective of the invention by confirming that when a composition of a chloric acid source composed of an alkali metal and a composition of an acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids are absorbed and supplied to a plant by an independent supply means, the chloric acid source composed of an alkali metal absorbed into the plant body and the acid source composed of organic and inorganic acids are mixed, and through a chemical reaction, chloric acid-based compositions such as hypochlorous acid (HClO), chlorous acid (HClO2), or chloric acid (HClO3), which have strong oxidizing power, are produced within the plant body. This provides a control method for preventing plant infectious diseases and nematodes by inducing protein denaturation and DNA damage of viruses and nematodes through the oxidizing power of the chloric acid-based compositions generated within the plant body, thereby causing the loss of function of viruses and nematodes.

[0049] The purpose of the chlorate-based source composed of the above alkali metal is to ensure that a source with strong oxidizing power is present inside the plant via a supply means to prevent viral infection of plants or to denature proteins of viruses and nematodes or induce DNA damage through the strong oxidizing power of the chlorate-based source, thereby causing viruses and nematodes to lose their function. For this purpose, one or more of the following are selected as the chlorate-based source: sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), sodium chlorite (NaClO2), sodium chlorate (NaClO3), potassium hypochlorite (KClO), potassium chlorite (KClO2), potassium chlorate (KClO3), ammonium hypochlorite (NH4ClO), ammonium chlorite (NH4ClO2), and ammonium chlorate (NH4ClO3). The source is used by diluting it differently within a wide concentration range of 0.001 to 1.5 weight%, depending on the appearance and type of the plant for infectious disease prevention and the type of chlorate-based source. It is desirable.

[0051] The acid source, composed of the above organic and inorganic acids, is intended to provide a chloric acid system having a strong oxidizing power capable of eradicating infectious diseases as shown in Chemical Equations 1 and 2 below by mixing it with a chloric acid source composed of an alkali metal already absorbed by plants by the above individual supply means. For this purpose, one or more organic and inorganic acids are selected from hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), methanesulfonic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, glycolic acid, and sulfamic acid. The dilution ratio can vary over a wide concentration range depending on the acid dissociation constant (pKa) of the selected acid source, preferably a wide concentration range of 0.00025 to 1.0 wt%. It is advisable to use it diluted to a certain range.

[0053] NaClO + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HClO (hypochlorous acid, strong oxidizing agent) -- <Chemical Equation 1>

[0054] NaClO2 + HCl → NaCl + HClO2 (Chlorochloric acid, strong oxidizing agent)-------<Chemical Equation 2>

[0056] The above-mentioned independent supply means is intended to ensure that the two compositions for preventing plant infectious diseases and nematodes—which consist of a chlorate-based source composition composed of alkali metals and an acid source composition composed of organic and inorganic acids existing in an independent state without mixing with each other—are absorbed independently within the plant body. The above-mentioned independent supply means may vary depending on the type or external characteristics of the plant. For this purpose, the independent supply means may be provided by a drenching method in which the two independently composed compositions are diluted with water and supplied to the soil, or by a foliar fertilization method in which they are sprayed onto the stems or leaves of the plant. Alternatively, the chlorate-based source composition composed of alkali metals and the acid source composition composed of organic and inorganic acids may be injected into the tree trunk by a trunk injection method employing an inflow, gravity, pressure, or insertion method, or the two independently composed compositions may be placed in a hydrogel containing a polymer material that has the property of absorbing water and swelling. It can be provided by a method of supplying via a hydrogel using a drug delivery system within the plant body.

[0058] The above hydrogel may include natural polymers such as hyaluronic acid, chitosan, gelatin, and alginate, which have a high water content and a structure similar to the extracellular matrix, or synthetic polymers such as polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene oxide, which have physical hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, hydrophobic interactions, and polymer bonds, or chemically form a three-dimensional structure through covalent bonds. In order to form a hydrogel according to the technical concept of the present invention, it is preferable to include water-soluble natural polymers or water-soluble synthetic polymers in a concentration range of 0.5 to 7.5 weight%.

[0060] In order to diagnose whether a plant is infected with a virus according to the present invention, methods such as microscopic examination, RT-PCR, the use of diagnostic kits, and antigen-antibody reactions can generally be used. However, as an individual inventor, the present inventor recognized the limitations of confirming the presence of virus infection in plants using academically accurate and expensive diagnostic methods. Therefore, to implement the present invention, the inventor purchased and used a portable diagnostic kit (Erwinia amylovora(Ea)-ImmunoStrip) that can be conveniently used in the field.

[0062] (Apple tree irrigation method)

[0063] To verify the possibility of preventing fire blight in fruit trees based on the technical configuration and concept of the present invention, apple trees at an apple orchard in Chungju, Chungbuk were used as subjects. A sodium hypochlorite solution diluted to a concentration of 0.001 wt% was prepared (referred to as Solution A-1), and a sulfuric acid solution diluted to a concentration of 0.00025 wt% was prepared separately (referred to as Solution B-1). The prepared Solution A-1 was supplied independently to the soil to the right of the apple tree and the prepared Solution B-1 was supplied to the left using a drenching method. This drenching was performed at 30-day intervals until 15 days prior to the apple harvest.

[0065] (Foliar fertilization method for apple trees)

[0066] To verify the possibility of preventing fire blight in fruit trees using a different method, a sodium hypochlorite solution diluted to a concentration of 0.05 wt% (referred to as Solution A-2) was prepared, and a citric acid solution diluted to a concentration of 0.01 wt% was prepared separately (referred to as Solution B-2). After supplying the prepared Solution A-2 to the stems and leaves of apple trees by foliar application, the prepared Solution B-2 was supplied by the same foliar application method after about 3 hours had passed. This foliar application was carried out at 20-day intervals until 15 days before the apple harvest.

[0068] (Apple tree hydrogel method)

[0069] In order to verify the possibility of preventing fire blight in fruit trees by another method, a hydrogel (referred to as A-3) containing 5.0 wt% gelatin and 1.5 wt% sodium chlorate, and a hydrogel (referred to as B-3) containing 1.0 wt% ascorbic acid were prepared through a heating and stirring process. The hydrogel of A-3 was immobilized on an apple tree trunk, and the hydrogel of B-3 was immobilized independently at a distance of about 20 cm from the hydrogel of A-3 immobilized on the apple tree, and the hydrogels of A-3 and B-3 were immobilized on the apple tree until the apple harvest was finished.

[0071] (Potato irrigation method)

[0072] To verify the potential for preventing potato viruses, summer potatoes from the high-altitude region of Gangwon-do were used. A potassium hypochlorite solution diluted to a concentration of 0.01 wt% was prepared (referred to as Solution A-4), and a phosphoric acid solution diluted to a concentration of 0.2 wt% was prepared separately (referred to as Solution B-4). After supplying the prepared Solution A-4 to the soil of the potato cultivation site by drenching, Solution B-4 was supplied by the same method after one day had passed. This drenching was carried out at 15-day intervals until 5 days prior to the potato harvest.

[0074] (Cucumber Foliar Application Method)

[0075] To verify the possibility of preventing cucumber mosaic virus, cucumbers grown in a cucumber production area in Cheonan were used. A potassium hypochlorite solution diluted to a concentration of 1.0 wt% was prepared (referred to as Solution A-5), and a sulfonic acid solution diluted to a concentration of 0.5 wt% was prepared separately (referred to as Solution B-5). The prepared Solution A-5 was sprayed onto the middle and upper parts of the cucumber stems by foliar application, and the prepared Solution B-5 was sprayed onto the middle and lower parts of the cucumber stems by foliar application. This foliar application was carried out at 15-day intervals until 5 days prior to harvesting the cucumbers.

[0077] (Tomato foliar spraying)

[0078] To verify the possibility of preventing tomato wilt spot, tomatoes grown at a tomato production site in Gongju were used. A potassium chlorate solution diluted to a concentration of 1.2 wt% was prepared (referred to as Solution A-6), and a citric acid solution diluted to a concentration of 0.1 wt% was prepared separately (referred to as Solution B-6). The prepared Solution A-6 was sprayed onto the tomato stems and leaves using a foliar application method, and after one day, the prepared Solution B-6 was sprayed onto the tomato stems and leaves using the same foliar application method. This foliar application was carried out at 10-day intervals until 5 days prior to harvesting the tomatoes.

[0080] (Pine trunk injection)

[0081] To verify the possibility of preventing pine nematodes, pine trees growing on Bomunsan Mountain in Daejeon Metropolitan City were used. A sodium hypochlorite solution diluted to a concentration of 0.15 wt% was prepared (referred to as Solution A-7), and a citric acid solution diluted to a concentration of 0.25 wt% was prepared separately (referred to as Solution B-7). The prepared Solution A-7 and Solution B-7 were supplied via trunk injection at the front and back of the pine tree trunks at a height of 1 m from the ground surface at equal intervals. This trunk injection was performed at 10-day intervals for 3 months, and to verify the pest control effect against pine nematodes, the detection of nematode DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was compared with Comparative Example 7.

[0083] (Comparative Examples 1~3)

[0084] Comparative Examples 1 to 3 regarding fire blight could not be performed because the regulations on individual handling of infectious materials were strict.

[0086] (Comparative Example 4)

[0087] Comparative Examples 1 to 3 regarding potato viruses could not be performed due to strict regulations on the handling of infectious materials by individuals.

[0089] (Comparative Example 5)

[0090] Comparative Examples 1 to 3 regarding cucumber mosaic virus could not be performed due to strict regulations on the handling of infectious materials by individuals.

[0092] (Comparative Example 6)

[0093] Comparative Examples 1 to 3 regarding tomato wilt spots could not be performed due to strict regulations on the handling of infectious materials by individuals.

[0095] (Comparative Example 7)

[0096] The procedure was carried out in the same manner as Example 7, except that A-7 solution and B-7 were not supplied to the pine trunk by the trunk injection supply method.

[0098] In order to confirm the presence or absence of viruses infecting plants, testing in general fields is prohibited as most of them are recognized as prohibited pests and diseases in Korea. Furthermore, as it is legally mandated that tests must be conducted in isolated facilities in accordance with the LMO safety management regulations operated by the Rural Development Administration, it was impossible to perform any virus manipulation to carry out Comparative Examples 1 to 6 above.

[0100] 0.15 g (about 1 to 2 inches) of plant tissue harvested through Examples 1 to 6 above was collected using a cutting tool, a sample bag (buffer filled bag) was cut open, the sample was placed in the grid-patterned section and crushed with a homogenizer, and the appropriately extracted sample caused the buffer solution to turn green or light brown.

[0102] Before inserting the portable diagnostic kit, the solution was allowed to settle for 3 minutes, and then the strip was immersed in the buffer solution up to the white line, aligned with the right line of the sample bag, to confirm negative results (not infected with the virus) and positive results (infected by the virus).

[0103] The results of Examples 1 to 6 above are shown in Table 1, and the results of Comparative Example 7 and Example 7 are shown in Table 2.

[0105] division Virus infection status (negative, positive) Example 1 voice Example 2 voice Example 3 voice Example 4 voice Example 5 voice Example 6 voice

[0107] division Detection of pine nematode DNA Example 7 Non-detectable Comparative Example 7 Detection

[0109] As shown in Tables 1 and 2 above, in Examples 1 to 7, when the composition of a chlorate-based alkali salt (Na, K) combined with hypochlorous acid, chlorous acid, and chloric acid, and the acidic composition are absorbed into the plant by drenching, foliar application, trunk injection, or hydrogel method, which is a drug delivery method, the alkaline chlorate-based alkali salt and the acidic substance are mixed within the plant body. This creates a chlorate-based substance with strong oxidizing power through a chemical reaction. It was confirmed that this strong oxidizing power causes protein denaturation and DNA damage of viruses and nematodes that can infect plants, thereby preventing various plant infectious diseases and pine nematode infections caused by the destruction of nematode tissues that cause fatal damage to pine trees and viruses.

[0111] In particular, fire blight is an infectious disease affecting apples, pears, and some other members of the Rosaceae family, and it is a plant infectious disease of great concern to apple and pear producers. In addition to the lack of a cure for fire blight to date, while some results have been achieved in controlling pine wilt disease (wilt disease) through intensive large-scale control operations over the years, it remains difficult to completely control wilt disease due to climate change and the spread of vector insects. Therefore, the composition for preventing plant infectious diseases and controlling nematodes according to the present technical concept, and the control method using the same, are expected to contribute significantly to preventing increasingly serious plant infectious diseases and pine wilt disease.

Claims

Claim 1 A composition for preventing viral and nematode infections in plants, comprising a chloric acid source composed of 0.001 to 1.5 weight% of one or more selected from sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), sodium chlorite (NaClO2), sodium chlorate (NaClO3), potassium hypochlorite (KClO), potassium chlorite (KClO2), potassium chlorate (KClO3), ammonium hypochlorite (NH4ClO), ammonium chlorite (NH4ClO2), and ammonium chlorate (NH4ClO3), and hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), methanesulfonic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, and ascorbic acid. A composition of an acid source comprising 0.00025 to 1.0 weight% of one or more organic or inorganic acids selected from glycolic acid and sulfamic acid is individually prepared, and the composition of a chloric acid-based source composed of the alkali metal and the composition of an acid source composed of the organic or inorganic acid are supplied to the plant body by independent supply means for absorption, and the composition of the chloric acid-based source and the composition of the acid source are mixed and chemically reacted within the plant body to possess oxidizing power. A composition for preventing plant infectious diseases and nematodes, characterized by being composed of a chlorate-based composition. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete Claim 4 A control method using a composition for preventing viruses and nematodes in plants, characterized in that the means for supplying the composition of claim 1 above is any one of drenching, foliar application, trunk injection, or hydrogel injection.