Calculating System for Obtaining Peak Discharge Rate in Forest Catchment And The System

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for calculating the design flood discharge of a forest watershed, comprising the steps of: receiving measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of a forest watershed to be measured; calculating the time of flow by introducing the received measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream into the following equation (I); displaying and receiving the calculated time of flow of the forest watershed; and receiving the calculated time of flow and calculating the design flood discharge of the forest watershed. Formula (I) In the above equation (I), tc represents the travel time (minutes), L represents the mooring length (km), and S represents the average slope of the mooring (km / km).

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and system for calculating design flood discharge for forest watersheds, and more specifically, to a new method and system for calculating design flood discharge for Korean mountainous forest watersheds that can contribute to improving the accuracy and reliability of designing mountain disaster prevention facilities, such as check dams, by utilizing an improved formula for calculating the time of runoff based on actual measurement data of domestic forest watersheds, and simultaneously contribute to rational construction of mountain disaster prevention facilities and the appropriateness of construction costs by deriving a design flood discharge suitable for domestic mountainous terrain. Background Technology

[0002] In determining the scale of river embankments, dams, etc., and designing specific structures, the lifespan is an important factor. The lifespan is determined by considering the purpose, importance, and economic feasibility of the structure, and is expressed as the average return period of rainfall corresponding to the design flood discharge.

[0003] Due to the significant difference in the area of ​​the target watersheds between small-scale structures such as embankments and large-scale structures such as multi-purpose dams, there are differences in the calculation methods for design flood discharge. Furthermore, as the risk of disasters, including flash floods in urban areas, has surged recently due to the increased frequency and scale of torrential downpours, public interest in the proper design and construction of disaster prevention facilities is growing.

[0004] Time of runoff refers to the time it takes for rainwater to reach the outlet from the uppermost part of a watershed and is a factor that significantly influences the calculation of design flood discharge for mountain disaster prevention facilities, such as check dams. Currently, the "Technical Manual for Erosion Control" presents four empirical formulas proposed abroad for calculating the time of runoff; however, verification of their applicability to domestic forest watersheds is insufficient, necessitating the development of a new model tailored to domestic conditions. The problem to be solved

[0006] The present invention is proposed to solve the problems of the aforementioned conventional technology, and its purpose is to provide a new system for calculating design flood discharge for Korean mountainous forest watersheds that can contribute to the rational construction of such facilities and the appropriateness of construction costs by utilizing an improved formula for calculating the time of flow based on actual measurement data of domestic forest watersheds, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the design of mountain disaster prevention facilities such as check dams, and deriving design flood discharge suitable for domestic mountainous terrain.

[0007] The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the description below. means of solving the problem

[0008] The technical problem of the present invention as described above is achieved by the following means.

[0009] (1) A method for calculating the design flood discharge of a forest basin, comprising the steps of: receiving the measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream of the forest basin to be measured; introducing the received measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream into the following formula (I) to calculate the time of flow; displaying and receiving the calculated time of flow of the forest basin; and receiving the calculated time of flow to calculate the design flood discharge of the forest basin.

[0010] Formula (I)

[0011] In the above equation (Ⅰ), t c represents the travel time (minutes), L represents the mooring length (km), and S represents the average slope of the mooring (km / km).

[0012] (2) In the above (1),

[0013] A method for calculating design flood discharge in a forest watershed, characterized by receiving measured values ​​of stream length and average slope of the stream measured by the client via a network and transmitting the calculated discharge time to the client via a network for the calculation of the above-mentioned discharge time.

[0014] (3) In the above (1),

[0015] A method for calculating design flood discharge in a forest basin, characterized in that the client is a mobile terminal.

[0016] (4) A measurement receiving unit that receives the measurement values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream in the forest watershed to be measured;

[0017] A time-to-go calculation unit that calculates the time-to-go by introducing the received mooring extension and average slope measurements of the mooring into the following equation (I);

[0018] A time-of-travel input unit that displays and receives the time-of-travel of the corresponding forest basin calculated above; and

[0019] A forest basin design flood discharge calculation system comprising a design flood discharge calculation unit that receives the above-mentioned estimated travel time and calculates the forest basin design flood discharge.

[0020] Formula (I)

[0021] In the above equation (Ⅰ), t c represents the travel time (minutes), L represents the mooring length (km), and S represents the average slope of the mooring (km / km).

[0022] (5) In the above (4),

[0023] A forest watershed design flood discharge calculation system characterized by receiving measured values ​​of stream length and average slope of the stream measured by the client via a network for the calculation of the above-mentioned travel time, and transmitting the calculated travel time to the client via a network.

[0024] (6) In the above (5),

[0025] A forest basin design flood discharge calculation system characterized in that the client is a mobile terminal.

[0026] (7) In the above (4), the above formula (I) is

[0027] Correlation between the measured stream length and the actual time of flow of the forest watershed to be measured; and

[0028] A forest watershed design flood discharge calculation system characterized by being derived from the correlation between the measured value of the average slope of a stream in a forest watershed to be measured and the actual value of the time of flow.

[0029] (8) In the above (7),

[0030] A forest watershed design flood discharge calculation system characterized by the correlation equation between the measured stream length and the actual time of flow of the forest watershed to be measured being expressed by the following equation (i).

[0031] Equation (i) y=9.5283x+12.768

[0032] The above y = actual travel time value (minutes), and x represents the mooring length (km) measurement value.

[0033] (9) In the above (7),

[0034] A forest watershed design flood discharge calculation system characterized by the correlation equation between the measured value of the average slope of the stream in the forest watershed to be measured and the measured value of the time of flow to be measured being expressed by the following equation (ii).

[0035] Equation (ii) y=-24.6ln(x)-3.9644

[0036] The above y = actual travel time value (minutes), and x represents the average slope measurement value (km / km) of the stream.

[0037] (10) A computer-readable recording medium that records a program for executing any one of the methods selected from (1) to (3) above. Effects of the invention

[0038] As described above, the present invention provides a new system for calculating design flood discharge for Korean mountainous forest basins that enhances the accuracy and reliability of the design of mountain disaster prevention facilities, such as check dams, by utilizing an improved formula for calculating the time of flow based on actual measurement data of domestic forest basins, and contributes to the rational construction of mountain disaster prevention facilities and the improvement of construction costs by deriving design flood discharge suitable for domestic mountainous terrain. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0039] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a forest basin design flood discharge calculation system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram of the procedure for calculating the design flood discharge of a forest basin according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a distribution map of forest watersheds subject to travel time analysis in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a correlation diagram between mooring extension and arrival time in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a correlation diagram between the average slope of the mooring and the travel time in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a prediction evaluation result diagram according to the conventional technology and the method of calculating the delivery time. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0040] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description disclosed below, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to describe exemplary embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to represent the only embodiment in which the present invention may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a complete understanding of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will know that the present invention may be practiced without such specific details.

[0041] In some cases, to avoid obscuring the concept of the present invention, known structures and devices may be omitted or illustrated in the form of a block diagram focusing on the core functions of each structure and device.

[0042] Throughout the specification, when a part is described as "comprising" or "including" a component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but may include additional components. Furthermore, terms such as "...part," "...unit," and "module" as used in the specification refer to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and this may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Additionally, "one (a or an)," "one," "the," and similar related terms may be used in the context describing the invention (particularly in the context of the following claims) to include both singular and plural forms, unless otherwise indicated in the specification or clearly contradicted by the context.

[0043] In describing the embodiments of the present invention, specific descriptions of known functions or configurations will be omitted if it is determined that such detailed descriptions could unnecessarily obscure the essence of the invention. Furthermore, the terms described below are defined in consideration of their functions in the embodiments of the present invention, and these definitions may vary depending on the intentions or practices of the user or operator. Therefore, such definitions should be based on the content throughout this specification.

[0044] The contents of the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 1, the forest basin design flood volume calculation system (100) according to the present invention includes a measurement value receiving unit (101), a travel time calculation unit (102), a travel time input unit (103), and a forest basin design flood volume calculation unit (104).

[0046] In addition, the calculation of the design flood volume for a forest basin according to the present invention includes, as illustrated in FIG. 2, a step of receiving the measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream of the forest basin to be measured (S201); a step of calculating the time of flow by introducing the received measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream into the following equation (I) (S202); a step of displaying and receiving the calculated time of flow for the forest basin (S203); and a step of calculating the design flood volume for the forest basin by receiving the calculated time of flow (S204).

[0047] Formula (I)

[0048] In the above equation (Ⅰ), t c represents the travel time (minutes), L represents the mooring length (km), and S represents the average slope of the mooring (km / km).

[0049] The measurement value receiving unit (101) receives the measurement values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream in the forest basin to be measured. At this time, the measurement values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream are preferably values ​​received from a client, and the client may be a mobile terminal capable of inputting values ​​measured in the forest basin in real time and transmitting them through a network.

[0050] The above-mentioned mooring time calculation unit (102) calculates the mooring time by introducing the received mooring extension and the measured average slope of the mooring into the following equation (I).

[0051] Formula (I)

[0052] In the above equation (Ⅰ), t c represents the travel time (minutes), L represents the mooring length (km), and S represents the average slope of the mooring (km / km).

[0053] The above equation (I) is derived from the correlation between the measured value of the stream length of the forest watershed to be measured and the actual value of the time of flow, and the correlation between the measured value of the average slope of the stream of the forest watershed to be measured and the actual value of the time of flow.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, 40 domestic forest watersheds were selected for analysis, and preferably, as shown in FIG. 4, a positive correlation was obtained between the measured stream length and the actual flow time of the forest watershed to be measured.

[0055] This can be expressed as a function by the following equation (i).

[0056] Equation (i) y=9.5283x+12.768

[0057] The above y = actual travel time value (minutes), and x represents the mooring length (km) measurement value.

[0058] In addition, the correlation between the measured average slope of the stream in the forest watershed to be measured and the actual time of flow was found to be negative, as shown in Figure 5.

[0059] Likewise, this can be expressed as a function by the following equation (ii).

[0060] Equation (ii) y=-24.6ln(x)-3.9644

[0061] The above y = actual travel time value (minutes), and x represents the average slope measurement value (km / km) of the stream.

[0062] The arrival time input unit (103) receives the arrival time calculated by introducing the measurement value into Equation (I) as described above, displays it to the client, or transmits the arrival time to the subsequent forest basin design flood volume calculation unit (104).

[0063] The forest basin design flood discharge calculation unit (104) calculates a storage constant (K: e.g., the Sabol empirical formula or Seokyeong University formula below) using the time of flow to be measured for each forest basin obtained as above as an input value, and calculates the forest basin design flood discharge using a rainfall runoff model (e.g., Clark unit method) from the time of flow and the storage constant value. The forest basin design flood discharge information obtained in this way is very important for determining the scale of river embankments, dams, etc. and designing specific structures.

[0064]

[0065] The time of arrival prediction was evaluated under the following conditions by comparing the time of arrival prediction system for calculating the design flood volume in a forest watershed according to the present invention with various calculation methods that have been used in the past, and the results are as shown in Fig. 6.

[0066] (1) Analysis of 3,099 rainfall events in 40 basins with rainfall intensity of 10 mm / hr or higher and duration of 1 hour or longer

[0067] - (Watershed Status) Area: 2–969 ha, Stream Length: 0.3–5.3 km, Stream Gradient: 15–48%

[0068] - (Rainfall Status) Total rainfall: 10–699 mm, Rainfall intensity: 10–177 mm / hr, Duration: 1–325 hours

[0069] (2) The measured travel time by basin ranged from 11 to 61 minutes, with an average of 27 minutes.

[0070] Compared to the actual travel time, the calculation methods of Kirpich, Rziha, and Kraven predicted an underestimation, while the Kerby formula predicted an overestimation. The predicted results (average) compared to the actual results were 31% for Kirpich, 10% for Rziha, 5% for Kraven, and 200% for Kerby, indicating a significant deviation.

[0071] According to the above prediction evaluation results, the case according to the present invention was confirmed to be closest to the 1:1 line for domestic production areas, and was confirmed to be the most superior calculation method.

[0072] The foregoing description is merely an illustrative explanation of the technical concept of the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to make various modifications and variations within the scope of the essential characteristics of the present invention. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to explain, not limit, the technical concept of the present invention, and the scope of the technical concept of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be interpreted by the claims below, and all technical concepts within an equivalent scope shall be interpreted as being included within the scope of rights of the present invention.

Claims

Claim 1 A method for calculating the design flood discharge of a forest basin, performed by a forest basin design flood discharge calculation system, comprises: a step of receiving measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream of the forest basin to be measured; a step of calculating the time of flow by introducing the received measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream into the following equation (I); a step of displaying and receiving the calculated time of flow of the forest basin; and a step of calculating the design flood discharge of the forest basin by receiving the calculated time of flow. The calculation of the time of flow is performed by receiving the measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream measured by the client through a network, and transmitting the calculated time of flow to the client through a network. The following equation (I) is the correlation between the measured value of the stream length of the forest basin to be measured and the actual value of the time of flow; A method for calculating the design flood discharge of a forest watershed, characterized in that it is derived from the correlation between the measured value of the average slope of the stream in the forest watershed to be measured and the measured value of the time of flow, the correlation equation between the measured value of the stream length in the forest watershed to be measured and the measured value of the time of flow is expressed by the following equation (i), and the correlation equation between the measured value of the average slope of the stream in the forest watershed to be measured and the measured value of the time of flow is expressed by the following equation (ii). Equation (I) In the above equation (Ⅰ), t c ε represents the travel time (min), L represents the mooring length (km), and S represents the average slope of the mooring (km / km). Equation (i) y = 9.5283x + 12.768, where y = the measured travel time (min) and x represents the measured mooring length (km). Equation (ii) y = -24.6ln(x) - 3.9644, where y = the measured travel time (min) and x represents the measured average slope of the mooring (km / km). Claim 2 delete Claim 3 A method for calculating design flood discharge in a forest basin, characterized in that, in claim 1, the client is a mobile terminal. Claim 4 A measurement receiving unit that receives the measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream of a forest basin to be measured; a travel time calculation unit that calculates the travel time by introducing the received measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream into the following equation (I); a travel time input unit that displays and receives the calculated travel time of the forest basin; and a design flood discharge calculation unit that calculates the design flood discharge of the forest basin using the calculated travel time, wherein the calculation of the travel time involves receiving the measured values ​​of the stream length and average slope of the stream measured by the client through a network and transmitting the calculated travel time to the client through a network, and the following equation (I) is the correlation between the measured value of the stream length of the forest basin to be measured and the actual travel time value; A forest watershed design flood discharge calculation system characterized by being derived from the correlation between the measured value of the average slope of the stream in the forest watershed to be measured and the measured value of the time of flow to be measured, wherein the correlation equation between the measured value of the stream length in the forest watershed to be measured and the measured value of the time of flow to be measured is expressed by the following equation (i), and the correlation equation between the measured value of the average slope of the stream in the forest watershed to be measured and the measured value of the time of flow to be measured is expressed by the following equation (ii). Equation (I) In the above equation (Ⅰ), t c ε represents the travel time (min), L represents the mooring length (km), and S represents the average slope of the mooring (km / km). Equation (i) y = 9.5283x + 12.768, where y = the measured travel time (min) and x represents the measured mooring length (km). Equation (ii) y = -24.6ln(x) - 3.9644, where y = the measured travel time (min) and x represents the measured average slope of the mooring (km / km). Claim 5 delete Claim 6 A forest basin design flood discharge calculation system characterized in that, in Clause 4, the client is a mobile terminal. Claim 7 delete Claim 8 delete Claim 9 delete Claim 10 A computer-readable recording medium storing a program that executes the method of paragraph 1.

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