Apparatus and method for simulation to build power system analysis model

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for performing a simulation for constructing a power system analysis model, and may include the steps of: configuring a plurality of power system models in a real-time simulation system; defining different fault scenarios based on characteristic information of the plurality of power system models and performing a simulation corresponding to each fault scenario; generating a plurality of fault signals according to the results of the simulation; and inputting the plurality of fault signals into a device under test and analyzing the response signal of the device under test.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a simulation method and apparatus for constructing a power system analysis model, and more specifically, to a simulation apparatus and method configured to precisely diagnose abnormal conditions of a power system and eliminate potential fault factors in advance by including power system analysis, modeling of the internal power grid of a power plant using a real-time digital simulator (RTDS) and real-time reproduction of fault conditions, and analysis of the response characteristics of protective relays. Background Technology

[0002] The following descriptions are intended to aid in understanding the technical significance of the invention and are not based on the premise that they were publicly known prior to the filing. Therefore, the fact that a description is included in the background technology of the invention should not be regarded as publicly known technology in itself.

[0003] Power system protection and analysis technology is a critical requirement within large-scale power infrastructure, such as power plants. It encompasses a series of protection operational systems designed to rapidly detect electrical faults, minimize system damage, and restore the system to a normal state. At the heart of this system lies the protective relay, which monitors electrical conditions—such as voltage, current, and phase—in real time and outputs a trip command to interrupt the circuit if these conditions exceed or fall below set thresholds. The technology for testing and analyzing in advance whether relay operations respond appropriately to actual fault conditions is directly linked to the overall stability of the power system; consequently, protective relay testing and analysis simulation technologies have continuously advanced.

[0004] Conventionally, to test the performance of protective relays, a method is generally used in which arbitrary voltage and current values ​​are set via a computer program and input into protective relay test equipment to determine whether the relay operates. This method is based on single voltage and current values ​​calculated according to predefined formulas, and the test equipment is configured to output these values ​​and determine whether the relay trips by detecting whether it exceeds a set threshold. As such a test method is structured to verify only the relay's response under static conditions, it may have limitations in that it fails to reflect actual changes in the power system over time or environments where multiple protective relays interact with each other.

[0005] Figure 1 illustrates a conventional simulation system configuration, and such a conventional method may entail the following technical limitations.

[0006] First, because the input fault conditions consist only of combinations of fixed values ​​rather than continuous physical waveforms along the time axis, it is impossible to accurately simulate dynamic fault situations occurring in actual power systems. Actual faults exhibit characteristics where voltage and current change complexly over time depending on various factors such as fault location, grounding method, load conditions, and interconnection circuit configuration; this leads to abrupt waveform changes, phase distortion, and transient phenomena. Conventional methods fail to reflect these complex dynamic elements and rely on simplified parameter inputs, thus failing to precisely reproduce real-world fault conditions.

[0007] Second, there may be limitations in analyzing the coordination relationships between protective relays. Power plants and substations have a structure where multiple protective relays operate in a stepwise interconnected manner, and protection coordination must be verified by comprehensively reviewing factors such as the trip sequence, operating time differences, and setpoint interference between relays. However, conventional testing methods perform only independent tests limited to a single relay, making it virtually impossible to test or analyze the interconnected operation and protection coordination status of multiple relays.

[0008] Third, since the fault input signal is composed of a simple numerical combination, it cannot reflect the physical characteristics of the actual system waveform. Although factors such as current attenuation, voltage recovery characteristics, and changes in the time constant that occur during an actual fault significantly influence the precise operation judgment of the relay, conventional methods cannot incorporate these waveform characteristics, which may lead to reduced accuracy in fault analysis and relay response analysis.

[0009] Consequently, the aforementioned constraints can act as factors that impede the reliability of power system protection systems and the accuracy of simulation analysis. To ensure rapid recovery and minimize damage in the event of a fault in power plants, substations, and distribution systems, a simulation system is required that can reproduce faults under conditions similar to the actual system environment and precisely verify the interlocking response of protective relays. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the limitations of conventional technology and implement a new testing system capable of real-time waveform-based fault reproduction and relay interlocking analysis. The problem to be solved

[0010] The present invention aims to evaluate the operating characteristics of protective relays by configuring multiple power system models based on a real-time simulation system and executing various fault scenarios based on said models.

[0011] However, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the technical problem described above, and other technical problems can be inferred from the following embodiments. means of solving the problem

[0012] A method for performing a simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention may include the steps of: configuring a plurality of power system models in a real-time simulation system; defining different fault scenarios based on characteristic information of the plurality of power system models and performing a simulation corresponding to each of the fault scenarios; generating a plurality of fault signals according to the results of the simulation; and inputting the plurality of fault signals into a device to be tested and analyzing the response signal of the device to be tested.

[0013] According to one embodiment, after the step of analyzing the response signal, the method may further include a step of building a database for accident scenarios.

[0014] According to one embodiment, a plurality of power system models may include system information configured to simulate short-circuit fault conditions, power flow status, and protective relay coordination operations of internal power equipment in a power plant.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the execution of fault scenarios for multiple power system models can be performed through real-time digital simulation control software.

[0016] According to one embodiment, characteristic information of a plurality of power system models may include power equipment ratings, operating status, set values ​​of protective relays, and grid connection structure within the power plant.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the fault scenario may be defined to correspond to at least one of the fault conditions including a short circuit, a ground fault, an overcurrent, a frequency anomaly, or a phase mismatch.

[0018] According to one embodiment, a plurality of fault signals may be physical waveform signals that can be applied to the input terminal of a device under test, as electrical voltage signals or current signals generated through an analog output module of a real-time simulation system.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the device under test may be a protective relay.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the response signal may include a trip output signal of a protective relay or an internal state parameter.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the database may include an accident scenario identifier, simulation execution conditions, response results of the device under test, and trip event logs of the protective relay.

[0022] A simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a memory for storing executable instructions and one or more processors configured to execute executable instructions, and the one or more processors execute executable instructions to enable the device to: configure a plurality of power system models in a real-time simulation system, define different fault scenarios based on characteristic information of the plurality of power system models, perform a simulation corresponding to each of the fault scenarios, generate a plurality of fault signals according to the results of the simulation, input the plurality of fault signals to a device under test, and analyze the response signal of the device under test.

[0023] A computer-readable storage medium according to another embodiment of the present invention may store instructions that cause a simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model to execute the methods described above. Effects of the invention

[0024] According to the present invention, the operating characteristics of a protective relay can be verified to be similar to an actual power system through the execution of a real-time fault scenario based on a plurality of power system models.

[0025] In addition, according to the present invention, analytical evaluation through power system modeling within a power plant is possible, and when a problem is discovered among the system facilities, the facility is accurately identified and the cause is analyzed.

[0026] In addition, according to the present invention, by automatically analyzing simulation results and storing them in a structured database, it is possible to perform reproducibility and comparative analysis of test results.

[0027] In addition, according to the present invention, test automation can be implemented through scenario repetition and condition optimization functions, and the reliability of protective relay performance verification can be improved. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional power system fault simulation system. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a real-time digital simulator (RDTS) according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a drawing showing a specific operation example of the simulation device of Figures 2 and 3. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a simulation method according to another embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0029] The present invention is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the invention includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0030] To clearly explain the present invention, parts unrelated to the description have been omitted from the drawings, and similar parts throughout the specification have been given similar reference numerals. Furthermore, while describing with reference to the drawings, even components indicated by the same name may have different drawing numbers depending on the drawing, and drawing numbers are indicated merely for the convenience of explanation; the concept, feature, function, or effect of each component is not to be interpreted restrictively by the corresponding drawing number.

[0031] Similar reference numerals are used for similar components when describing each drawing. Terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various components, but said components should not be limited by said terms. These terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be named the second component, and similarly, the second component may be named the first component. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0032] Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this application.

[0033] Throughout the specification, when a part is described as being "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where they are "directly connected" but also cases where they are "electrically connected" with other elements interposed between them. Furthermore, when a part is described as "comprising" a certain component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but may include additional components, and it should be understood that this does not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0034] Hereinafter, a simulation method and apparatus according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

[0035] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a real-time digital simulator (RDTS) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the simulation device (100) may include an Ethernet switch (110), a real-time automatic control device RTAC (120), a protection relay (130), a Sel PC (140), a foldable monitor (150), a power distributor (160), a DC power supply (170), and Omicron amplifiers (181, 182). However, the simulation device (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to these configurations and may further include configurations such as a user terminal, a local storage server, a protection coordination analysis module, and an external network linkage device, depending on the user's needs or the purpose of system expansion. Additionally, each component may be arranged according to the functional flow of defining fault conditions, executing simulation commands, outputting fault signals, testing relay operations, analyzing responses, and storing data, and all configurations may be arranged within the panel to simultaneously satisfy the logical control flow and the physical connection structure.

[0037] The Ethernet switch (110) can be used as a node of a communication infrastructure that interconnects components such as an RTAC (120), a protection relay (130), and a Sel PC (140). In some embodiments, the Ethernet switch (110) is based on switching technology corresponding to the data link layer (Layer 2) or network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI 7 layers, and can identify the Media Access Control (MAC) address, which is the physical address of each device, and forward packets to the optimal port based on this. This switching operation can utilize a destination address-based forwarding table to reduce unnecessary broadcasts and improve communication efficiency within the simulation device.

[0038] Additionally, the Ethernet switch (110) can provide a Full-Duplex Ethernet port that supports a speed of 100 Mbps or 1 Gbps for connection with each device, and can enable collision-free bidirectional data transmission based on IEEE 802.3u and 802.3ab standards. Each port can automatically adapt to the transmission speed and transmission method of the connected device through an Auto-Negotiation function, thereby increasing compatibility between devices. Additionally, the Ethernet switch (110) can minimize communication latency by utilizing a Quality of Service (QoS) function to prioritize traffic from time-sensitive devices, such as a protection relay (130).

[0039] The Ethernet switch (110) can process various types of communication data in real time, such as control commands or status information transmitted from the RTAC (120), simulation execution control information transmitted and received from the Sel PC (140), and response signals from the protection relay (130), in order to maintain communication stability and reliability for time synchronization of the entire simulation and continuous reproduction of fault waveforms, and transmit them in the correct order, thereby enabling precise reproduction and analysis of fault situations. In particular, the Ethernet switch (110) can also perform network control functions such as separating network segments, duplicating specific traffic for analysis, and blocking unnecessary multicast traffic through advanced management functions such as VLAN (Virtual LAN), IGMP Snooping, and port mirroring.

[0040] RTAC (120) can operate as a digital control device located at the center of the control logic that is linked with the protection relay (130) inside the simulation device. RTAC (120) can be composed of a hardware and software platform suitable for digital automation of a power system protection system, and can perform a logic operation function that conditionally interprets various input signals received from the protection relay (130) and generates control signals according to a pre-designed logic circuit.

[0041] In some embodiments, the RTAC (120) may accept various programming languages ​​defined according to the international standard IEC 61131-3 for implementing logical operation functions, such as ladder diagrams, function block diagrams, structured text, and instruction lists. These languages ​​may each be used for the purpose of simulating electrical relay logic, configuring function-based conditional control, or defining procedure-based sequences, and the RTAC (120) may process output conditions associated with input conditions based on a logic program written by a user. For example, a control flow that outputs a trip contact when a fault signal received from a protective relay (130) persists for a specific time or longer can be designed through a ladder diagram, and a complex conditional statement that allows an output operation only when multiple input conditions are simultaneously satisfied can be defined through structured text-based logic.

[0042] The RTAC (120) may include a plurality of digital input ports, and each input port may be configured as a circuit capable of receiving contact signals transmitted from an external device at high speed. The protection relay (130) monitors electrical conditions such as current, voltage, frequency, and phase in real time, and when a fault condition is detected, it may output a trip contact, an alarm contact, or other control signal according to internal logic, and such contact signals may be transmitted to the digital input port of the RTAC (120) and used as input variables for a logic circuit. The RTAC (120) may continuously check the state of each input port at a short sampling interval of one cycle or less, and may record the time when a change in input conditions occurs in the form of a timestamp with precision, and if the input condition satisfies a condition defined within the logic circuit, it may output a trip command, a reclosing command, a relay setting initialization command, etc. through a digital output port. For example, when a short-circuit current is detected by the protection relay (130) and the contact is closed, and this signal is input to the RTAC (120), the RTAC (120) can induce a circuit breaker trip by switching the trip command output port to a High state after confirming that the condition is maintained for a certain period of time or longer.

[0043] Additionally, the RTAC (120) may include an internal state register and a high-precision event timer that enable state transition-based control, thereby allowing for precise tracking of the sequential flow of simulation control and adjustment of output timing. The state register can be used to configure a type of finite state machine that transitions to a new state when a specific input condition is met within the RTAC (120), for example, to be configured to output a second-stage trip command only after a certain amount of time has elapsed since the first-stage overcurrent trip of the protection relay (130). The event timer can be used to satisfy output conditions after a certain amount of time has elapsed since the occurrence of a specific input condition, and can be utilized for applications such as setting a delayed trip or reclosing time after fault detection. Such state-based control and timer-based control can be usefully employed to simulate a time flow that matches the protection operation characteristics of actual power equipment.

[0044] The RTAC (120) can maintain a TCP / IP-based network connection through an Ethernet switch (110) for communication with the Sel PC (140), and through this connection, it can transmit and receive data such as simulation scenarios configured by the Sel PC (140), logic circuit settings, input event history, and output operation logs. The Sel PC (140) can create, edit, and download control logic within the RTAC (120) using a dedicated program, such as a configuration tool like AcSELerator Quickset, and can monitor the status of the RTAC (120) in real time or analyze logs during the simulation. This structure can be utilized to verify the response of the RTAC (120) to the actual operation of the protection relay (130) and to test whether complex protection coordination conditions are actually implemented. Additionally, since the RTAC (120) can store the status of each input and output contact, the time of event occurrence, and the duration of output commands in the form of log files, it can also be used for fault analysis and evaluation of the appropriateness of protection operations after the simulation.

[0045] The Sel PC (140) can operate as a central control terminal of the simulation control device and can be used as an industrial workstation capable of running RS CAD (250), which is control software for driving RTDS (200), and simultaneously running AcSELerator Quickset software for setting and monitoring the protection relay (130). The Sel PC (140) can load a power system model designed in the above, set a scenario including specific fault conditions, and run a simulation to analyze the electrical response characteristics of each component based on the time axis.

[0046] The Sel PC (140) can check variables such as voltage, current, phase, and frequency for each node within the RTDS (200) in real time through the RS CAD (250), and can analyze the dynamic response of the system by inserting a fault or changing conditions at any point during the simulation. In this analysis process, the trip condition of the protective relay (130), the timing of operation, and the duration of operation can be accurately measured, and the validity of the relay setting value can be verified based on the temporal correlation.

[0047] The Sel PC (140) can also directly configure the protection element setting values ​​of the protection relay (130) through the AcSELerator QuickSet software, and input the trip curve, operating range, time delay conditions, etc. for each element to adjust the response characteristics of the relay according to the simulation conditions. Information such as the digital contact status of the protection relay (130), whether a trip signal has occurred, and the internal memory status can be checked in real time, and these information can be continuously updated through communication with the relay (130) during the simulation.

[0048] The Sel PC (140) can perform TCP / IP-based communication with the RTDS (200), RTAC (120), and protection relay (130), and can integrally perform the transmission of setting values, transmission of control commands, and collection of logs for each device via the Ethernet switch (110). The fault waveform output by the RTDS (200) is stored in real time through the Sel PC (140), and the response curve is automatically recorded for each simulation condition. This data can be saved in COMTRADE format or CSV format and used for subsequent analysis.

[0049] In some embodiments, the Sel PC (140) can configure a series of procedures—inputting a simulation scenario, selecting a fault type, setting the insertion time and duration, running the simulation, checking the protective relay response, and saving the result—into an automated control flow, and can analyze the sensitivity of the relay operation characteristics according to changes in the set value through repeated testing. In particular, it can accurately analyze the system's transient response or stabilization time and whether there is a violation of protection coordination after the fault is inserted, and can be used to verify the effectiveness of complex protective relay logic.

[0050] In addition, the Sel PC (140) can be used to search for the optimal set point for the operation of the protection relay (130) according to the fault condition, including the repeated execution of multiple scenarios, automatic report generation, and user-defined parameter adjustment functions, and can be used as a control terminal to precisely test various fault situations that are difficult to implement in an actual power plant in a virtual environment.

[0051] The power distributor (160) can operate as an intermediate power distribution device to stably supply direct current (DC) power to each component placed within the simulation device. The power distributor (160) receives power of a rated DC voltage, such as DC 125V or DC 24V, input from the DC power supply (170), and then branches it into multiple output lines to distribute it to terminals electrically connected to load devices such as RTAC (120), protection relay (130), Ethernet switch (110), Sel PC (140), and Omicron amplifier (181, 182). This configuration can form a structure that maintains power consistency throughout the simulation device and minimizes the impact in the event of a power failure by stably delivering power to multiple devices from a single power source.

[0052] The power distributor (160) may internally include a filter circuit for removing electrical noise and blocking electromagnetic waves from the input voltage, a fuse or circuit breaker with an overcurrent protection function for each output circuit, and a current sensor or LED indicator for monitoring the output status. Each output terminal may be electrically isolated or configured with a common ground method, and independent protection devices may be set for each output circuit according to the power consumption characteristics of each device. For example, since the protection relay (130) and RTAC (120) include high-speed digital circuits, they are sensitive to power instability, and accordingly, the corresponding output terminal may have a structure including an under voltage lockout protector or a power outage compensation capacitor.

[0053] Additionally, the power distributor (160) may include individual cutoff switches in the output circuit to provide an interface that can cut off power supply to specific devices when necessary or safely disconnect individual devices during maintenance. The wiring of each output circuit is designed using wiring specifications selected according to the rated current, and in particular, for high-power loads such as Omicron amplifiers, power can be supplied through output terminals with a large current capacity, and the device can be protected by preemptively cutting off the fuse in the event of an overcurrent.

[0054] The DC power supply (170) is a power source that supplies DC power to the entire simulation device. It receives external AC power, converts it into DC power of a constant voltage, and transmits it to the power distributor (160). The DC power supply (170) includes a power conversion circuit and can be designed to minimize ripple and noise in the output voltage and maintain a stable DC output within the rated voltage and rated current range through a multi-stage structure generally composed of a rectifier, a filter, a voltage regulator, and a protection circuit. The output voltage used in this device can be set to DC 125V, DC 24V, or DC 48V, etc., depending on load requirements such as a protection relay (130), RTAC (120), and Omicron amplifier (181, 182), and the output current capacity can be calculated based on the power consumption of the entire simulation device.

[0055] The DC power supply (170) can be configured with dual AC inputs for power redundancy on the input side, which allows the internal circuit to continuously output stable power even when an external power abnormality occurs, such as a power outage or loss of single phase. For example, by simultaneously configuring an upper input line for normal operation and a lower input line for backup, a structure can be implemented that performs seamless switchover to the backup power through an automatic switching switch when the main power is cut off.

[0056] In addition, the DC power supply (170) includes output overvoltage protection (OVP), overcurrent protection (OCP), overheating protection (OTP), and short circuit protection (SCP) functions, which can prevent abnormal conditions that may cause damage to internal circuits or connected load devices in advance, and these protection functions can be operated precisely through electronic control circuits. In particular, when an overcurrent situation occurs, the output is cut off or limited if the set limiting current is exceeded, and when an overvoltage occurs, the output is forcibly shut down to prevent damage to subsequent circuits.

[0057] The DC power supply (170) may include a digital display or a remote communication interface (RS485, Modbus, etc.) for real-time monitoring of rated output voltage and current, and may perform the function of remotely checking the status from a Sel PC (140) or a separate control system and outputting an alarm when an abnormal condition occurs. In addition, the DC power supply (170) may be configured to maintain thermal stability and electrical insulation characteristics even under continuous operation conditions by including a built-in cooling fan, an overheat sensor, an isolation transformer, etc., for high-reliability operation.

[0058] Omicron amplifiers (181, 182) can convert and output a low-voltage analog signal output from a real-time digital simulator RTDS (200) into a high-voltage or high-current signal suitable for actual relay testing. The Giga-Transceiver Analog Output (240), which is an analog output card inside the RTDS (200), can generate a voltage or current signal reflecting the simulation calculation results in the form of an analog voltage within a range of ±5V. Since this signal cannot be directly used for testing the protective relay (130) and reproducing fault conditions, it must undergo an amplification process through Omicron amplifiers (181, 182).

[0059] The Omicron amplifier (181, 182) receives a low-voltage signal in the ±5V range output from the GTAO (240) of the RTDS (200) as an input and can convert it into voltage and current waveforms similar to those of an actual three-phase power system environment. In voltage output mode, the input analog signal can be converted into a high voltage of up to 3-phase 0 to 250V through a precision-controlled amplification circuit, and this voltage can be applied to the voltage input terminal of an actual relay to test the relay response according to a fault scenario. In current output mode, the same ±5V input signal can be amplified into a rated current of 3-phase 0 to 25A, and this output can be applied to the current input of a protection relay (130) to verify whether the overcurrent or ground fault detection function operates normally when a fault condition occurs.

[0060] In some embodiments, the amplification circuit of the ohmicron amplifier (181, 182) can be configured by combining a high-speed operational amplifier and a power amplifier element, and can proportionally amplify only the amplitude of the voltage or current while maintaining the phase, frequency, and waveform shape of the input signal. In addition, each output channel has a mutually isolated structure, and a test environment with conditions similar to an actual power system can be created through precise output control capable of simulating the inter-phase potential difference of a three-phase AC.

[0061] Additionally, the ohmicron amplifier (181, 182) can be configured with a switch or internal setting to select a voltage or current output mode, and can precisely control key electrical characteristics such as output range, output frequency, total harmonic distortion (THD) of the voltage waveform, and current rise rate. In particular, since the output signal is generated synchronized with the simulation time axis of the RTDS (200), the operating time of the protection relay (130) can be precisely compared with the actual time of the fault occurrence, and can be used as a reference signal for verifying settings such as protection coordination, trip curve, and overcurrent setting value.

[0062] RTDS (200) is a real-time digital simulation system based on hardware for high-speed computation, capable of analyzing power system models configured through RS CAD software in the time domain and generating physical output waveforms. The configuration of RTDS (200) is divided into several hardware cards, and each card can perform distributed execution of fault scenarios, computation processing, signal output, etc.

[0063] The GTWIF (Workstation Interface Card, 210) can be configured as an interface card that mediates communication between an external control terminal and an internal computation module of the RTDS (200) system. The GTWIF (210) can receive control commands, simulation execution instructions, scenario setting values, parameter information, etc. transmitted from an external workstation, such as a Sel PC (140), via a TCP / IP-based communication protocol, and then transmit this data to the PB5 (Processor Card, 220), which is the RTDS (200) computation card, via an internal system bus. The GTWIF (210) can extract command and variable values ​​included in the payload area from the received Ethernet frame, and then perform digital signal conversion and address mapping operations to suit the control signal format inside the RTDS (200).

[0064] GTWIF (210) can operate as a communication converter that mediates data format differences between a central control terminal and an arithmetic unit within the RTDS (200) system, and may include functions such as data alignment, byte order change, header information removal, data verification, and error detection. The converted signal is transmitted directly to PB5 via the RTDS (200) backplane communication bus to trigger commands such as simulation execution, fault insertion time setting, and operation initialization.

[0065] GTWIF (210) also includes a data transmission path for sending internal status information of RTDS (200) back to an external workstation, so that it can perform bidirectional communication to receive data such as computation results, simulation status, event logs, and error status generated by PB5 (220), convert it back into TCP / IP format, and transmit it to an external workstation.

[0066] PB5 (220) is a central computational card that performs numerical calculations for power system simulation within the RTDS (200) system and can be configured to include a high-speed computational processor and a hardware structure dedicated to power system analysis algorithms. PB5 (220) can repeatedly execute calculations on physical elements such as nodes, lines, generators, loads, and circuit breakers included in the network at fixed time intervals based on the power system model configured in the Sel PC (140) via RS CAD (250) software. Such repeated calculations can have a precise time resolution of tens of microseconds based on a fixed time-step method. Through this, PB5 can analyze physical variables such as voltage, current, phase, and frequency in real time regarding fault conditions or transient phenomena that may occur in actual power plants or plant systems, and can numerically predict the response of the system after a fault occurs.

[0067] PB5 (220) executes a simulation algorithm at each calculation cycle to calculate the electrical response for each component, and the calculated result can be stored in internal memory and then transmitted to an analog output card, GTAO (240). In this process, the calculated voltage and current waveforms are converted into a reference analog signal of ±5V and output, and then amplified by a subsequent device, an ohmicron amplifier (181, 182), into a physical voltage (e.g., 0 to 250V) and current (e.g., 0 to 25A) suitable for power system relay testing, and applied as an input to the protection relay (130). The calculation result is a waveform that changes continuously along the time axis rather than a simple static value, and can provide base data that can be used for precise analysis of whether the trip condition of the protection relay (130) is satisfied, the time of operation, the response time, etc., including changes before and after the time of the fault.

[0068] PB5 (220) receives control commands or simulation setting values ​​transmitted from GTWIF (210) in real time and can initialize the operation flow or execute specific scenarios based on this data. For example, a fault insertion command transmitted from GTWIF (210) can be reflected in the operation model within PB5 in the form of inserting a fault impedance into the power grid or switching the circuit breaker to an open state. Additionally, PB5 (220) receives an external feedback signal input from GTFPI (230) in real time during the operation and can perform control actions such as changing the operation flow or stopping the output according to the feedback status. For example, if a trip signal is fed back from the protection relay (130), PB5 can temporarily suspend internal operations, save log data, and then stop the generation of the output waveform by transmitting an output stop command to GTAO (240).

[0069] In some embodiments, PB5 (220) can perform calculations on multiple network elements simultaneously through a parallel operation structure, and since each operation block is configured independently of one another, it can generate calculation results in real time for multiple fault conditions or consecutive scenarios. Additionally, PB5 (220) may include a memory bank capable of internally storing the time history of calculation results and a storage device capable of storing log data during calculation in the form of a file, thereby enabling comparative analysis between the protective relay (130) response and the calculation results after simulation.

[0070] In some embodiments, PB5 (220) continuously maintains a fixed operation cycle to maintain operation stability during simulation execution, and if abnormal conditions such as cycle delay, operation error, or output saturation occur, it can execute an error detection routine on its own and terminate or stop the operation.

[0071] The GTFPI (Front Panel Interface Card, 230) can be configured as an interface card that receives feedback signals input from an external device within the RTDS (200) system and transmits them to the internal operation card PB5 (220). The GTFPI (230) can detect digital signals output from external control devices, such as protection relays (130) or PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers, 190), in real time, and the signals can be configured as contact-type signals indicating states such as trip occurrence, circuit breaker opening, reclosing completion, and fault detection. After receiving these feedback signals electrically through the input terminals of the GTFPI (230), the internal digital circuit analyzes the signal state (High / Low), the timing of the change, the pulse duration, etc., and transmits this information to the PB5 (220) card, which controls the RTDS (200) operation flow.

[0072] In some embodiments, the GTFPI (230) may go beyond simply electrically receiving feedback signals transmitted from the outside and may incorporate a digital filter, a Schmitt trigger, a timer circuit, etc., capable of determining whether the signal is normal and timing information. Through these circuits, it can prevent malfunctions caused by noise and transmit only reliable signals to the PB5 (220). The signal transmitted to the GTFPI (230) is reflected in the simulation logic flow running inside the PB5 (220) and may act as a trigger to stop the operation or change the output flow when specific conditions are met. For example, when the protection relay (130) closes the trip contact, the corresponding signal is input to the GTFPI (230) card via the PLC (190), and the GTFPI (230) transmits this signal to the PB5 (220) in real time to reflect the circuit breaker opening operation in the simulation in the operation flow.

[0073] Additionally, PB5 (220) can generate an output stop command to the analog output card GTAO (240) based on the feedback signal received through GTFPI (230), and this command can respond to cases such as when a specific fault condition has ended or when the system is shut down due to a trip of the protection relay (130). PB5 (220) can generate the command according to internal calculation logic and then transmit it to GTAO (240) to forcibly stop the generation of the output waveform, thereby enabling simulation flow control that reflects the actual response of the protection relay (130). Such an output stop mechanism is an essential element for ensuring the reliability of the simulation results, maintaining synchronization between the physical equipment and the calculation model, and can be configured so that the simulation responds immediately according to the response of the protection relay (130).

[0074] GTAO (240) can be configured as an analog output-only card that converts the calculation results into physical analog signals and outputs them within the RTDS (200) system. GTAO (240) can generate a reference waveform in the form of an analog signal based on the simulation calculation results received from the internal calculation card PB5 (220), namely calculated physical quantities such as voltage, current, and phase for each node and line. The calculation signal output from PB5 (220) consists of an array of sample values ​​that are updated at regular time intervals, and GTAO (240) can receive this data and convert each sample value into a corresponding analog voltage in real time and output it. The output signal generated at this time consists of a voltage signal in the range of ±5V, which is a reference voltage level designed to match the input conditions of the Omicron amplifiers (181, 182).

[0075] GTAO (240) is a high-speed analog output module having a multi-channel configuration, each output channel operates independently and may include a high-resolution Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) to output the frequency, phase, and amplitude information of the voltage waveform while maintaining accuracy. The output channels are generally configured in units of three channels for generating a three-phase AC signal, and the phase difference between each phase can be precisely controlled according to the calculation result of RS CAD.

[0076] GTAO (240) periodically receives computation data through a connection with PB5 (220), and by generating an analog signal for each computation cycle and outputting it from a physical terminal, it can provide simulation results to an external relay or measuring device in real time. For example, when computation results such as voltage drop, overcurrent, and current direction change of a power grid that has a short-circuit fault are calculated by PB5 (220), the result is immediately output as an analog signal from GTAO (240) and can be supplied as a test input to the protection relay (130) through the Omicron amplifiers (181, 182). Through this, the protection relay (130) receives electrical input under a fault situation similar to that in an actual power system, and can verify whether it trips, response time, and operational precision.

[0077] GTAO (240) can also receive a stop operation command from PB5 (220), and upon receiving this command, it can immediately stop generating output signals and switch the output port to a high resistance state or reset the output value to 0V to terminate signal exchange with an external device. This function can be operated according to the trip feedback signal of the protection relay (130) detected via GTFPI (230) or the condition of an error occurring during operation, and can be used to maintain synchronization between the simulation state and external feedback.

[0078] Figure 4 is a drawing showing a specific operation example of the simulation device of Figures 2 and 3.

[0079] Referring to FIG. 4, GTWIF (210) can convert control commands and fault scenario execution conditions received from an external workstation into a format that can be processed by an internal computation card and transmit the converted information to PB5 (220). PB5 (220) can perform simulation calculations based on multiple power system models and calculate voltage and current response values ​​according to the time axis and transmit them to GTAO (240). GTAO (240) can generate and output a reference analog voltage signal in the range of 0 to ±5V based on the computation data received from PB5 (210), and the signal can be amplified through multiple ohmicron amplifiers (181, 182) to a voltage (e.g., 3-phase 0 to 250V) and current (e.g., 3-phase 0 to 25A) that match the input specifications of the protection relay (130).

[0080] Multiple protection relays (130) receive CT and PT analog signals output from an ohmicron amplifier and can generate operating contacts by determining fault conditions according to a preset protection algorithm. The contact signals output from the protection relays (130) can be input to the PLC (190), and the PLC (190) can detect the corresponding digital input signal and transmit it to the GTFPI (230). The GTFPI (230) transmits the feedback signal transmitted from the PLC (190) to the PB5 (220) and, if necessary, outputs a control signal to the GTAO (240) to stop the simulation.

[0081] The SEL PC (140) is an industrial computer that is directly linked with the protection relay (130) and can receive the operation status of the relay, display it on the HMI, or control the execution of the RS CAD model. The SEL PC (140) can run dedicated software (AcSELerator QuickSet) for setting and analyzing the status of the protection relay (130) and can be used as an integrated control terminal for linking with the RTDS (200). The HMI (Human Machine Interface, 145) can visually display the operation status of the relay and test conditions in real time and can input commands into the PLC (190) through user operation. The PLC (190) can transmit feedback signals that affect the operation flow of the RTDS (200) to the GTFPI (230) according to these commands.

[0082] The auto synchronizer (135) can determine the grid synchronization condition based on the CT / PT signal input to the protection relay (130) and transmit the result to the SEL PC (140) and PLC (190). This configuration can be used when testing generator connection conditions and can be used to ensure consistency between the relay operation time and the grid conditions.

[0083] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a simulation method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] Step S510 is a step of configuring multiple power system models in a real-time simulation system and can be defined as an initial step for testing a simulation-based protection relay (130). A real-time simulation system refers to a hardware-based computational environment capable of dynamically analyzing the operation of a power system along a time axis without computational delay, and an RTDS (200) may correspond to this. Multiple power system models can be configured as numerical-based analysis models that represent multiple electrical facilities placed inside a power plant, such as generators, transformers, circuit breakers, transmission lines, loads, protection relays (130), etc., in a network form according to the system structure. Each power system model may include the interconnection relationship between the configured nodes and branches, the electrical characteristics of each component (rated voltage, impedance, breaking capacity, etc.), the system connection method (single bus, ring, multiple feeder network, etc.), and initial operating conditions (load rate, generator output, etc.), and this information can be used to set the initial state for simulation computation.

[0085] To construct a power system model, the RS CAD (250) included in the simulation control device can be used to diagram the circuit network configuration, equipment parameter definition, and interconnection relationships of the power system, and based on this, a network matrix for numerical calculation can be generated. The RS CAD (250) can complete the model by graphically arranging components and defining the electrical connection status and parameters for each node. Multiple power system models can be defined in parallel and distributed among the internal computational resources of the RTDS (200), and each can operate as an independent simulation target system. The model configuration can be based on actual power plant equipment information, and equipment-specific single-line diagrams (SLD), rating information, and protective relay (130) setting values ​​can be used as reference materials. In particular, since the purpose is to analyze for evaluating the operation of the protective relay (130), the location, protection section, and connection method of the protective relay (130) included in each model must be clearly expressed, and the trip conditions of the protective relay (130) must be configured so that they can be linked to the power system simulation results.

[0086] Multiple power system models can be computed in real time by the PB5 (220) of the RTDS (200), and power flow, voltage distribution, current change, phase difference, fault point potential, etc., can be numerically calculated at each time step. The calculated results are output as physical voltage and current signals through the GTAO (240) in a subsequent step, and the simulation response can be measured through the amplifier and protection relay (130). Unlike the repetitive testing method centered on a single system model used in existing technology, the configuration of multiple power system models in the present invention can provide a basis for configuring multiple system structures in parallel and simultaneously comparing and analyzing various operating conditions. Accordingly, problems such as the lack of test flexibility, test time consumption, and the possibility of system switching errors inherent in existing systems can be overcome, and test efficiency and precision can be improved simultaneously.

[0087] Step S520 is a step of defining different fault scenarios based on characteristic information of multiple power system models and performing a simulation corresponding to each fault scenario. Each of the multiple power system models has unique electrical characteristics through the ratings of components included in the model, the system connection method, the operating state, and the setting values ​​of the protection relay (130), and these characteristics can be used as reference information to be considered when defining fault scenarios. Here, "fault scenario" refers to a fault condition intentionally set within the power system and may include various types of faults, such as short-circuit faults, ground faults, inter-phase short circuits, shifting of the fault point, change in fault duration, change in fault resistance magnitude, and faults outside the protection section. Each fault scenario can be defined as a set of fault parameters consisting of fault location, fault time, fault type, fault intensity, etc., which can be converted into execution commands or trigger conditions within the RS CAD (250) and transmitted to the PB5 (220) of the RTDS (200).

[0088] The definition of a fault scenario can be done through RS CAD (250), and multiple scenarios can be connected to a model through the scenario definition module or command input panel on RS CAD. Each defined scenario may be applied only to a specific power system model or may be applied commonly to multiple models, and depending on the execution conditions and parallelism, it may be performed as a serial simulation or a parallel simulation. The execution of the scenario is implemented by inserting fault elements (e.g., ground node, resistance path, current source, etc.) into a specific node or branch within the power system model according to each fault time, and as the simulation calculation proceeds, transient current, voltage drop, phase change, and power flow displacement due to the fault occur, causing the input conditions of the protection relay (130) to change.

[0089] Simulation can be performed by continuously calculating the state of the power system at fixed time step intervals through the internal computation flow of the RTDS (200). During the computation process, the transient response of voltage and current within the system is calculated around the time of the fault occurrence, and this value can be transmitted to the GTAO (240) in real time and converted into a physical output signal. When performing the simulation, electrical responses along the entire time axis, from the normal state immediately before the fault occurs, the transient state after the fault is introduced, and the stable state after relay operation or fault release, can be continuously calculated. Multiple scenarios can be executed sequentially or simultaneously, and simulations can be performed individually for each scenario, thereby configuring a test environment that can quickly reproduce various test conditions for comparative analysis.

[0090] Step S530 represents a procedure for generating multiple fault signals based on the results of the fault scenario-based simulation performed in Step S520, and can generate test input waveforms in real time to verify whether the protective relay (130) is operating. The fault signal is a physical output in which voltage and current waveforms calculated in real time during the simulation are converted into an analog signal form, and the signal can be generated as an electrical waveform designed to be applied to the CT and PT input terminals of the protective relay (130). The multiple fault signals are generated with channel separation so that they can be supplied individually to multiple relay test channels, and can be output from the GTAO (240) within the real-time simulation control device, separated into voltage channels and current channels.

[0091] The calculation for generating multiple fault signals is based on the results of simulation calculations performed by PB5 (220) inside the RTDS (200), and the results of such calculations may consist of numerical data including voltage and current response values ​​of the power system for each time step. This numerical data is transmitted to the GTAO (240) and can be output as a reference analog signal in the range of 0 to ±5V after undergoing digital-to-analog conversion (DAC). This reference analog signal changes in real time according to the time axis of the fault scenario and may include, for example, a rapid voltage drop, a transient current rise, and a phase mismatch phenomenon reflecting a transient state within tens of milliseconds after the occurrence of a fault. Since such real-time fault waveforms can be generated as complex and discontinuous waveforms similar to the actual power system's fault response rather than simple sinusoidal signals, they can provide a substantial stimulus to the judgment algorithm of the protection relay (130).

[0092] The fault signal output from the GTAO (240) can be amplified through the ohmicron amplifiers (181, 182) such that the voltage signal is at a level of, for example, 0 to 250V and the current signal is at a level of, for example, 0 to 25A, and can be converted and supplied in a form suitable for the input specifications of the protection relay (130). The ohmicron amplifiers (181, 182) can maintain output quality by including independent filtering, isolation, and gain adjustment functions for each channel, and can be configured to be branched in parallel to supply to multiple relays simultaneously. The generated fault signal is measured in real time by the internal calculation circuit of the protection relay (130), and if it meets the set protection element conditions, a trip contact output can be generated.

[0093] Step S540 includes a procedure for inputting a plurality of fault signals generated in Step S530 into a device under test and analyzing the response signal of the device under test, and can verify the operation of a simulation-based protection relay (130) verification system. The device under test may be composed of a protection relay (130) that receives a fault signal from a real system and performs a protection operation, and each protection relay (130) may receive a fault simulation waveform through CT and PT input terminals, determine whether a fault exists according to protection logic set internally, and output a trip contact. Since the input fault signal is composed of a waveform that reflects the transient response of the actual system, including voltage and current magnitudes, phases, harmonic components, and unbalanced states, different responses may appear depending on the setting value, time-current characteristic curve, comparison calculation criteria, etc. of the protection relay (130).

[0094] The response of the protection relay (130) may be expressed as the open / closed state of the output contact, internal calculation parameters of the relay, trip occurrence time, operation delay time, and the result of determining the protection element, and such response signals may be transmitted to the simulation control device via RTAC (120), PLC (190), or GTFPI (230). RTAC (120) receives the trip contact status of the protection relay (130) as a digital input and, depending on the logic condition, internally records whether operation is performed or transmits a simulation stop command to RS CAD (250). PLC (190) monitors the contact status output from the protection relay (130) in real time and, when the contact status reaches a specific condition, transmits a feedback signal to PB5 (220) inside RTDS (200) via GTFPI (230). This feedback signal may be interpreted by RS CAD (250) as a condition for stopping calculation, saving results, or executing the next scenario, and may be reflected in the scenario development flow control.

[0095] The analysis of the response signal can be composed of a multidimensional evaluation that includes not only whether the protective relay (130) is operating, but also the operating time, trip sequence, whether the protection is coordinated, and whether the response between the relays matches. RS CAD (250) can log these analysis results in a structured format and generate performance evaluation indicators for each scenario. For example, if a coordination condition is set so that in the event of a short-circuit fault, the relay in a specific section operates first and the relay in another section operates later, the analysis of the response signal can automatically determine whether this condition is satisfied. In addition, the reliability of the protection operation and the appropriateness of the settings can be verified by quantifying the deviation between the set value and the actual operating value of the relay, and the difference between the expected operating time and the actual trip time.

[0096] Step S550 includes a procedure for building a database for accident scenarios based on the response signal analyzed in Step S540, and may be configured as a post-processing step for storing and managing the test results of the simulation-based protective relay (130) quantitatively and repeatably. The database building may include collecting multiple items in a structured format, such as simulation setting information, accident type, simulation time information, output waveform, response result of the protective relay (130), whether trip conditions are satisfied, operation time deviation, and protection coordination analysis result generated during the execution of each accident scenario, and accumulating them in a state where they can be searched and compared computationally.

[0097] RS CAD (250) can automatically collect response results corresponding to each accident scenario immediately after the simulation is performed and store the data in conjunction with the accident scenario identifier. The accident scenario identifier may include attribute information such as a unique scenario number, fault location, fault type, fault resistance, and fault duration, and may serve as a criterion for distinguishing the response results of each scenario within the database. The response results may consist of a trip contact signal output from the protection relay (130), a digital logic value, an internal relay status value, a trip time, and an operation sequence, and may be stored in a merged manner along with voltage and current waveform information generated in real time during the simulation. Additionally, RS CAD (250) can classify cases where protection operations occur and cases where they do not occur for each scenario, and record the results of a higher-order analysis that evaluates the appropriateness of the relay setting values ​​based on this classification.

[0098] Such a database can be used to ensure test repeatability by referring to past test conditions and results during subsequent tests, or as a standard for comparing and reviewing the responses of multiple relays under the same setting conditions. For example, it can be used to compare the trip time deviation between protection relays (130) from multiple manufacturers under the same short-circuit fault conditions, or to analyze the difference in operating characteristics before and after setting changes, and can be used as a basis for establishing protection relay (130) setting guidelines, improving designs, and establishing operating standards. The database is generally stored in standard formats such as CSV, XML, and JSON, and can be designed to be linked with external analysis tools or protection coordination analysis software.

[0099] Step S560 can be configured as a procedure to evaluate simulation conditions based on the accident scenario database established in Step S550, optimize the setting value of the protective relay (130) through the repeated execution of accident scenarios, and perform scenario recycling or repeated testing to improve the operational efficiency of the real-time test system. Step S560 includes the test repetition and condition optimization flow explicitly introduced in the present invention, and can realize a structure that moves away from one-time testing of a single scenario, diversifies test conditions by utilizing the continuity and automation of the real-time digital simulation environment, and repeatedly compares the operation history of multiple relays.

[0100] RS CAD (250) can refer to information such as scenario identifiers, fault conditions, execution times, whether a trip response is made, and relay setting values ​​included in the fault scenario database stored in step S550 to reload a scenario with the same conditions or create a new scenario combination by changing some parameters (e.g., fault resistance, fault location, duration, etc.). The generated scenario is applied to a specific model among the multiple existing power system models and is transmitted to PB5 (220) inside RTDS (200) along with a simulation execution command so that calculations can be performed repeatedly. Each scenario performed repeatedly can be used to verify whether the relay response appears consistently under the same input conditions or to compare the pattern of response change according to changes in setting values, and the results of the repeated tests can be accumulated and stored in the fault scenario database.

[0101] In step S560, RS CAD (250) can set conditions for automatic termination under certain conditions when performing repeated tests, such as the occurrence of the same response more than a certain number of times, convergence of the error range, or exceeding the number of non-operation occurrences. Through the automation of repeated tests, multiple test results can be quickly obtained and the test time can be shortened. Additionally, a configuration can be realized to classify scenarios according to the response characteristics of the protection relay (130), derive optimal setting values ​​for each condition, or reset priorities according to the protection coordination relationship.

[0102] Each step (S510, S520, S530, S540, S550, S560) of FIG. 5, described as another embodiment of the present invention, is illustrated sequentially according to a logical flow, but is not limited thereto; specific steps may be executed in parallel or in a different order depending on the system design or testing purpose. For example, the method may be modified to perform a simulation based on an accident scenario database configured in advance, or to perform repetitive testing by defining additional scenarios after analyzing response signals. Furthermore, a structure in which specific steps are executed repeatedly or some steps are omitted may also be included within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention. Therefore, the order of steps illustrated in FIG. 5 is merely one embodiment, and various modifications are possible to suit the structure and purpose of the overall system.

[0103] Furthermore, although the present invention has been described in relation to some embodiments, various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as understood by a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Moreover, such modifications and changes should be considered to fall within the scope of the claims appended to this specification. Explanation of the symbols

[0104] 110: Ethernet switch 120: RTAC 130: Protective relay 135: Auto Synchronizer 140: Sel PC 145: HMI 160: Power distributor 170: DC Power Supply 180: Omicron amplifier 190: PLC 210: GTWIF 220: PB5 230: GTFPI 240:GTAO 250: RS CAD

Claims

Claim 1 A method for performing a simulation for constructing a power system analysis model comprises: configuring a plurality of power system models in a real-time simulation system, the plurality of power system models including the connection relationships of generators, transformers, circuit breakers, transmission lines, loads, and protective relays constituting the internal power grid of a power plant; defining different fault scenarios based on characteristic information of the plurality of power system models and performing a simulation corresponding to each of the fault scenarios; and generating a plurality of fault signals according to the results of the simulation. A method for performing a simulation for constructing a power system analysis model, comprising the step of inputting the plurality of fault signals into the protection relay and analyzing the response signal of the protection relay; the step of performing the simulation comprises selecting a specific node or specific branch that is a fault target in at least one of the plurality of power system models according to the fault time of the fault scenario, inserting a fault element including one or more of a ground node, a resistance path, and a current source into the selected specific node or specific branch, and calculating the voltage and current response of the power system model with the fault element inserted in the real-time digital simulator in fixed time interval units; the step of generating the plurality of fault signals comprises converting the voltage and current response values ​​calculated in the fixed time interval units into a reference analog signal, and converting the reference analog signal into a current waveform signal and a voltage waveform signal input to the protection relay through an amplifier; and the step of analyzing the response signal comprises receiving a response signal including a trip contact state and a trip occurrence time from the protection relay, and correlating the response signal with simulation time information at the time of execution of the fault scenario to calculate whether the protection relay operates and the operating time. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete Claim 4 delete Claim 5 A method for performing a simulation for constructing a power system analysis model according to claim 1, characterized in that the characteristic information of the plurality of power system models includes the power equipment rating, operating status, set value of a protective relay, and system connection structure within the power plant. Claim 6 A method for performing a simulation for constructing a power system analysis model, characterized in that, in claim 1, the fault scenario is defined to correspond to at least one of fault conditions including a short-circuit fault, a ground fault, an overcurrent, a frequency anomaly, or a phase mismatch. Claim 7 delete Claim 8 delete Claim 9 A method for performing a simulation for constructing a power system analysis model according to claim 1, wherein the response signal further includes, in addition to the trip contact state and the trip occurrence time, one or more of the protection element determination result of the protection relay, internal calculation parameters, and operation delay time. Claim 10 delete Claim 11 In a simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model, one or more processors;The system includes a memory for storing instructions executed by one or more processors, wherein when the instructions are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the system to configure a plurality of power system models including connection relationships of generators, transformers, circuit breakers, transmission lines, loads, and protective relays constituting an internal power grid of a power plant in a real-time simulation system including a real-time digital simulator, define different fault scenarios based on characteristic information of the plurality of power system models, and perform a simulation corresponding to each of the fault scenarios, generate a plurality of fault signals according to the results of the simulation, and input the plurality of fault signals into the protective relays to analyze the response signals of the protective relays, wherein performing the simulation includes selecting a specific node or specific branch that is a fault target in at least one of the plurality of power system models according to the fault time of the fault scenario, inserting a fault element including one or more of a ground node, a resistance path, and a current source into the selected specific node or specific branch, and calculating the voltage and current responses of the power system model into which the fault element is inserted in the real-time digital simulator in fixed time interval units, and generating the plurality of fault signals includes the voltage and current calculated in the fixed time interval units A simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model, comprising converting a response value into a reference analog signal and converting the reference analog signal into a current waveform signal and a voltage waveform signal input to the protection relay through an amplifier, and analyzing the response signal, comprising receiving a response signal including a trip contact state and a trip occurrence time from the protection relay, and correlating the response signal with simulation time information during the execution of the fault scenario to calculate whether the protection relay operates and the operating time. Claim 12 delete Claim 13 delete Claim 14 delete Claim 15 A simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model according to claim 11, characterized in that the characteristic information of the plurality of power system models includes the ratings, operating status, set values ​​of protective relays, and system connection structure of internal power equipment of the power plant. Claim 16 A simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model according to claim 11, characterized in that the fault scenario is defined to correspond to at least one of a short-circuit fault, a ground fault, an overcurrent, a frequency anomaly, or a phase mismatch. Claim 17 delete Claim 18 delete Claim 19 A simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model according to claim 11, wherein the response signal further includes, in addition to the trip contact state and the trip occurrence time, one or more of the protection element determination result of the protection relay, internal calculation parameters, and operation delay time. Claim 20 delete Claim 21 A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that cause a simulation device for constructing a power system analysis model to execute the method described in any one of claims 1, 5, 6, and 9.

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