Underwater Spraying Aquatic Drone for Environmental Purification Composition

Abstract

The present invention relates to the structure of a water drone that transports a purification composition and sprays it underwater into a target body of water. The invention enables the water drone to perform a purification process by traveling over the water surface of a lake, river, stream, or sea area to be purified and spraying the purification composition underwater, and to perform purification through photocatalytic reaction activation by irradiating UV-A onto the water surface from a UV artificial light source that does not come into contact with the contaminated water body.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the structure of a water drone having the function of transporting a purification composition, spraying it underwater into a target body of water, and promoting a photocatalytic reaction by performing light irradiation on the water surface. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, when the volume of sewage, wastewater, etc. is small, water purification is carried out by constructing a sewage and wastewater treatment device and applying the activated sludge method and its variations, and in the case of advanced treatment, by applying the coagulation sedimentation method, activated carbon adsorption method, ozone oxidation method, and contact oxidation method in which air is injected into the sewage.

[0003] Currently, regarding the purification of large volumes of water from rivers, lakes, ponds, or artificial waterways, there are few cases where water quality purification devices are constructed or treatment processes are introduced; instead, most methods rely on natural self-purification capabilities or dilution with other water. Furthermore, regarding sewage, wastewater and sewage are collected through sewer pipes, purified using a combination of treatment devices to meet discharge regulation standards, and then discharged into public waters.

[0004] However, in reality, purification methods that are easy to manage for using river water, lake water, pond water, or artificial waterway water for agricultural, fisheries, and landscape purposes are not yet commercially available.

[0005] Installing treatment facilities designated for water purification targeting large volumes of river water, lake water, pond water, or artificial waterway water is not realistic from the perspective of equipment costs.

[0006] Consequently, there is a growing need to develop water purification methods that use river, lake, and pond water as is, purifying it easily and at a low cost.

[0007] Previously, Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0352584 proposed a vessel for water purification and a vessel structure designed to effectively treat algae and suspended solids by introducing raw water from a target area, such as a lake, to be purified and increasing the efficiency of coagulation, floc formation, and pressurized flotation within the water system to be treated, without requiring treatment in a separate treatment tank; however, it has been confirmed that it is practically impossible to penetrate deep into the water to perform purification. Prior art literature

[0008] Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0352584 The problem to be solved

[0009] The present invention was devised to solve the aforementioned problems, and the objective of the present invention is to provide a water drone that has a structure positioned at the bottom of a vessel to spray a composition into the water, thereby enabling the composition to be directly applied into the water of a large-scale purification target area such as a lake or river to facilitate diffusion (dispersion), thereby enabling efficient mixing of the purification composition, and also enables the purification efficiency to be maximized through surface light irradiation and surface layer (underwater) aeration.

[0010] In particular, there is another objective to provide a water drone that maximizes the efficiency of water purification by accommodating a purification composition containing a photocatalyst and spraying it underwater, implementing a photocatalytic reaction through light irradiation on the water surface area, and simultaneously activating the photocatalytic reaction through underwater aeration. means of solving the problem

[0011] As a means to solve the above-mentioned problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an environmental purification composition underwater spraying type water drone comprising: a body part (110) that forms buoyancy and forms an internal receiving space as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2; an environmental information collection part (120) disposed in the receiving space of the body part and senses water quality information by dropping a plurality of sensors (S) downward; a space area part (130) that promotes a photocatalytic reaction between a purification target and a composition in a space spaced apart from the water surface (W) and having an upward curvature at the bottom of the body part (110); a composition supply part (140) disposed in the upper part of the body part or the receiving space and supplying a purification composition from at least one composition receiving tank; and a spraying module (150) communicating with the composition supply part (140) and spraying and mixing the composition towards the rear of the body part (110). Effects of the invention

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a water drone is provided that travels over the water surface of a lake, river, stream, or sea area to be purified and performs a purification process by spraying a purification composition underwater, and performs purification by irradiating UV-A onto the water surface from a UV artificial light source that does not come into contact with the contaminated water body.

[0013] In particular, in the case of the water drone in the embodiment of the present invention, a composition containing a photocatalyst is contained as a purification composition and sprayed underwater, and a photocatalytic reaction is implemented through light irradiation on the water surface, and underwater aeration is performed simultaneously to promote and activate the photocatalytic reaction, thereby maximizing the efficiency of water purification.

[0014] Furthermore, the water drone in the embodiment of the present invention is equipped with a spray module having a structure that mixes water and a composition flowing into the stern section and sprays them underwater toward the rear to perform purification, while simultaneously generating propulsion, thereby enabling purification and propulsion to be achieved simultaneously and thus increasing energy efficiency and purification efficiency.

[0015] In addition, by deploying a sensor module mounted on a water drone into the water, environmental information such as water quality and changes in the topography of the bottom of the target water source (utilized as data to estimate changes in the distribution and volume of sediment on the waterbed) can be monitored in real time, and this information can be reflected in the adjustment of the type and mixing ratio of the purification composition to homogenize the purification reaction of the pollutant source.

[0016] In addition, solar modules are mounted on the upper part of the water drone to be used as supplementary power, or the measured light energy can be utilized as data to track changes in the material balance reduction rate due to the photocatalytic process and changes in the photosynthetic rate of algae.

[0017] Furthermore, according to the present invention, changes in water quality in a wide body of water can be monitored and the photocatalytic process controlled to increase the reliability of the water purification operation.

[0018] In summary, the water drone of the present invention is a comprehensive purification device equipped with functionalities such as 1) a mode for measuring water quality, waterbed topography, and monitoring solar intensity / light quantity, 2) a mode for spraying and mixing compositions, and 3) a mode for increasing photocatalytic reaction effects / efficiency (aeration / UV-A irradiation), thereby enabling increased efficiency in purification operations. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0019] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the main configuration of a water drone according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side conceptual diagram of the water drone of FIG. 1 implemented as an example. Fig. 3 is a front view concept of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a rear view concept. FIGS. 5 to 9 are conceptual diagrams for explaining the arrangement configuration of the main components of the water drone of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0020] The advantages and features of the present invention and the methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments introduced herein are provided to ensure that the disclosed content is thorough and complete and to ensure that the spirit of the present invention is sufficiently conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0021] The terms used in this application are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, terms such as "comprising" or "having" are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0023] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the main configuration of an underwater spraying type water drone for an environmental purification composition according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the "present invention"). FIG. 2 is a side conceptual diagram illustrating the water drone of FIG. 1 implemented as an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a front conceptual diagram of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a rear conceptual diagram. FIG. 5 to 9 are conceptual diagrams for explaining the arrangement configuration of the main components of the water drone of the present invention.

[0024] The above-described water drone of the present invention may be configured to include an underwater water purification agent spraying device that moves by floating on the water surface of a lake or lake, which is a purification target area, or stops on the water surface, and sprays a purification composition into the water of the lake or lake.

[0025] Conventional methods for purifying the water of lakes and ponds typically involve scattering loess or purification agents on the water surface to settle and remove suspended solids or pollutants. However, since this method cannot fundamentally remove pollutants from the water, it causes problems such as anaerobic conditions and re-leaching of settled pollutants, which prevents the sustained effectiveness of actual water purification.

[0026] In the present invention, a water spraying device is provided that can increase purification efficiency by supplying a purification agent in a structure that sprays a special photocatalyst-based composition described below into water in the form of a liquid, a solid (powder), or a mixture of liquid and solid.

[0027] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the present invention may be configured to include a body part (110) that forms buoyancy and forms a receiving space inside, an environmental information collection part (120) disposed in the receiving space of the body part and senses water quality information by dropping a plurality of sensors (S) downward, a space area part (130) that increases the generation of (free) radicals by promoting a photocatalytic reaction between a purification target and a composition in a space spaced apart from the water surface (W) and having an upward curvature in the lower part of the body part (110), a composition supply part (140) disposed in the upper part of the body part (110) or the receiving space and supplies a purification composition from at least one composition receiving tank, and a spray module (150) that communicates with the composition supply part (140) and sprays the composition toward the rear of the body part (110).

[0028] The above body part (110) is a body forming a ship structure of a water drone structure, equipped with a ship structure having a bow and a stern, and is a boat-type structure capable of entering and moving on the upper surface of a lake or body of water. Although its external appearance is that of a boat-type structure, it is not limited thereto, and can be defined as a device encompassing a ship structure capable of floating on the water surface and moving by means of a driving force. However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a special shape may be provided to allow for the placement of a main component for spraying a composition into the water to maximize the effect of water purification and to directly spray into the water to increase the water purification efficiency based on a photocatalytic reaction, and a device for activating this.

[0029] In the structure of this special type of body part (110), as shown in FIG. 2, a space area part (130) that promotes a photocatalytic reaction between a purification target and a composition can be implemented in the lower part of the body part (110) in a space spaced apart from the water surface (W) and having an upward curvature.

[0030] The above spatial area (130) is implemented by forming a curvature on the bottom surface of the body part (110) of the present invention to form a bottom surface structure that forms a curvature toward the top, and when the water drone of the present invention is placed on the water surface (W) of a target body of water such as a lake that requires purification, a space part (132) that is not filled with water and a water depth part (134) that is filled with water are naturally formed between the water surface (W) and the lower bottom surface of the body part (110).

[0031] The water drone of the present invention continuously moves while spraying an environmental composition for water purification underwater, introduces water from the target water body into the spatial area (130) described above, and performs light irradiation through a light irradiation module (160) positioned above to highly induce a photocatalytic reaction.

[0032] A composition supply unit (140) is disposed in the upper or internal portion of the body portion (110) and is positioned in the upper portion or receiving space of the body portion (110) to supply a purification composition from at least one composition receiving tank.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 2, the composition supply unit (140) allows at least one receiving tank (142, 144) for receiving the composition to be placed in the upper part of the body or in the receiving space.

[0034] Additionally, each of the above-mentioned receiving tanks (142, 144) may be able to accommodate a single purification composition or an independent purification composition, and the composition may be introduced into a spray module (150) positioned at the stern of the water drone through an inflow line (146), and the composition may be naturally introduced and mixed into the spray module housing (152) by the discharge pressure that discharges water to the outside by the high-speed rotation of the impeller (156) in the spray module (150).

[0035] To this end, it is more desirable to implement a structure (CL) inclined toward the discharge port on the bottom of the receiving tank.

[0036] Of course, it is also possible to introduce the composition into the interior of the module housing (152) using a device such as a separate pump member (not shown), and in a preferred example of the present invention, a method of drawing the composition into the interior and mixing it by the discharge pressure caused by the rotation of an impeller is implemented to reduce the weight of the water drone and increase the efficiency of the composition discharge and mixing.

[0037] To this end, the injection module (150) of the present invention may be configured to include a module housing (152) having a space formed on the inside, and an impeller member (156) that generates propulsion force by introducing the composition of the composition supply unit (140) through rotation on the inside of the module housing (152), mixing an external fluid, and dispersing and spraying it outside the module housing (152).

[0038] The above impeller member (156) may be structured such that a single impeller is arranged, but more preferably, as shown in FIG. 5, a pair of impellers are spaced apart from each other and arranged vertically (arranged in the vertical direction) so that the rotation direction is reversed (mutually reverse rotation in the x1, x2 directions) inside the module housing (152), thereby making the discharge pressure stronger and simultaneously allowing the mixing of the composition inside the module housing (152) to be evenly implemented.

[0039] That is, the purification composition inside the receiving tank (142, 144) is drawn in by the strong discharge pressure generated by the rotation of the impeller, flows into the module housing (152), and is mixed at the same time, and the external water is drawn in and mixed together.

[0040] Afterwards, the purification composition and water mixed strongly are discharged into the water through the spray nozzle part (158) to the rear, and through this discharge, the propulsion of the water drone itself is secured and used.

[0041] In addition, the above-mentioned spray nozzle part (158) can be implemented with a structure that allows the opening of the spray nozzle to be adjusted up, down, left, and right so as to control the discharge direction. Since this adjustment of the direction of the spray nozzle is linked to the formation of propulsion for the water drone itself, it is used to control the direction of the water drone itself. (When the direction of the spray nozzle is fixed in one direction through a control operation while stationary, a large amount of purification composition can be intensively sprayed in a heavily polluted body of water.)

[0042] In this case, it is possible to control the discharge direction by moving the module housing (152) itself, which has a cylindrical shape, and it is also possible to implement the discharge by moving the module housing and implementing the injection nozzle part as a flexible discharge hose.

[0043] In other words, the impeller member applied to the injection module of the present invention introduces external fluid, and enables internal mixing to be achieved solely through impeller rotation without a separate intake motor, and allows for accelerated discharge. This injection module of the present invention adopts the structure of a centrifugal pump, thereby enabling the implementation of a structure that draws in water through a pair of high-speed rotating impellers, rotates to generate momentum, and then injects it.

[0044] In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, at the same time as the underwater spraying of the purification composition of the water drone in the present invention, light irradiation can be performed on the water of the body where the purification composition has been sprayed through the light irradiation module (160) mounted inside the body part (110) described above to activate the photocatalytic material included in the purification composition.

[0045] That is, the purification composition used in the present invention may be a composition containing a photocatalytic material, as will be described later. In this case, the operation of the light irradiation module (160) can enhance the photocatalytic reaction of the photocatalytic material dispersed in water. By spraying into water, it is possible to increase purification efficiency by inducing a photocatalytic reaction through an artificial light source in addition to the reaction to visible light or ultraviolet light through an external light source.

[0046] Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 (a conceptual diagram of the back of Fig. 2), and Fig. 6 (a conceptual diagram showing the placement position of a transparent substrate), the light irradiation module (160) may be configured to include a light irradiation unit (162) equipped with a light element that irradiates light in the wavelength range of 320 to 400 nm of the UVA wavelength (Ultraviolet A Wavelength), a transparent substrate (164) disposed below the light irradiation unit that transmits light and protects the light irradiation unit, and a protective frame (166) that accommodates the light irradiation unit and the transparent substrate.

[0047] The above-mentioned light element may utilize an LED element, and a transparent substrate may be placed beneath the LED element to protect the light element. In particular, for this purpose, it is preferable to use a quartz tube for the transparent substrate, and through the quartz tube, efficient transmission of UVA wavelengths (Ultraviolet A Wavelength) and maximization of the photocatalytic reaction can be achieved. The presence of the spatial region (130) on the lower surface of the water drone of the present invention creates a reaction region that allows such photocatalytic reactions to be further maximized. In the case of such photocatalytic reactions, hydroxyl radicals (OH·) are formed, and the decomposition and mineralization of substances (hydrocarbons are ultimately mineralized into CO2, and NH3 / NOx are ultimately mineralized into N2) are performed to purify pollutants, and at the same time, dissolved oxygen (DO) is enriched, thereby producing superoxide (·O2) in the photocatalytic reaction. - ) is formed in greater quantities, causing oxidation and killing reactions.

[0048] In other words, through a photocatalytic reaction, superoxide is produced in polluted waters, and by destroying the chlorophyll of algae in the waters to prevent photosynthesis, growth inhibition and death are achieved, thereby significantly reducing the occurrence of red tides and green tides.

[0049] In addition, the presence of a space for photocatalytic reaction between the transparent substrate and the water surface can impair light transmittance when water and the photocatalytic material come into contact, as the photocatalytic material (TiO2) is adsorbed onto the quartz substrate, thereby reducing the photooxidation reaction. Therefore, it is desirable to form a space region to improve the efficiency of the reaction.

[0050] In addition, in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it is more preferable to provide an air injection unit (180) having an aeration module (182) formed on the front inner side of the body part (110) to inject gas into the space area part (130) to implement aeration. This air injection unit (180) can be implemented in a structure that arranges a plurality of air pumps, as shown in FIG. 3. This can also be implemented in a structure that enhances the aeration function by arranging three air pumps (P1, P2, P3) in the upper conceptual diagram of the present invention described above in FIG. 7.

[0051] The above air injection unit (180) generates an aeration phenomenon in the aforementioned spatial area (130) through an air pump that forms strong air pressure, thereby further enhancing the photocatalytic reaction. This allows for the maximization of such reactivity by inducing an aeration phenomenon when a water drone returns to or passes through a body of water where a purification composition is sprayed, thereby implementing a photocatalytic reaction through light irradiation. The above air injection unit (180) can induce an aeration phenomenon through an inlet pipe (184) that introduces strong air pressure generated by the air pump into the water.

[0052] As explained above, the water drone of the present invention can move to a target body of water requiring purification, directly spray a purification composition into the water, and induce and promote a photocatalytic reaction to maximize purification efficiency.

[0053] At the same time, the water drone of the present invention may be equipped with a measurement sensor and a collection device that can measure the pollution level in real time by analyzing the water quality and soil condition of the bottom of the target water body where purification work is performed. To this end, the present invention may further include an environmental information collection unit (120) that is positioned in the receiving space of the body part as shown in FIG. 2 and drops a plurality of sensors (S) downward to sense water quality information.

[0054] The above environmental information collection unit (120) may be configured to include a sensing chamber unit (122) positioned in front of the air injection unit (180), an input pipe (124) that moves through a sensor guide hole formed in the body unit (110) and extends from the sensing chamber unit (122) in an underwater direction and is introduced into the water, and at least one sensor connected to the input pipe (124).

[0055] That is, a chamber-shaped sensing chamber (122) is formed inside the body of the water drone, and a sensor for sensing various information is placed inside the sensing chamber (122). An input pipe (124) is placed to insert the sensor into the water and the seabed, and the sensor is lowered into the water to determine the condition of the water or soil, and then collected and stored inside the chamber.

[0056] In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the present invention may further comprise a solar module (170) comprising a solar panel (172) capable of collecting light quantity data of a solar source for monitoring photocatalytic reactions and the photosynthetic rate of algae, which is positioned at the top of the location where the light irradiation module (160) is placed, and a power control unit (174) that stores the generated power in a battery and subsequently supplies the stored power to each device configuration.

[0057] With reference to the upper planar conceptual diagrams of FIGS. 2, 8, and 9, the above-mentioned solar module (170) can be positioned at the rear end of the location where the sensing chamber of the environmental information collection unit (120) is positioned.

[0058] That is, by placing a solar panel on the upper part of the water drone, power necessary for the operation and insertion of the aforementioned sensor, rotation of the impeller, power of the light irradiation module, and operation of the air supply unit is produced, and this power is stored in the battery module (172) and distributed to be supplied, thereby solving the power supply problem of the water drone moving over a wide body of water by using power from the self-stored battery and supplementing power through solar power generation during movement, so that work and travel time can be secured for a long period. In addition, the information collected and analyzed through the solar panel collects and analyzes information on the light intensity and amount of sunlight, and can be utilized as information for monitoring the purification environment.

[0059] In addition, the present invention may be provided with an integrated control unit (CO) that sets and changes the driving path of the water drone and controls the injection method of the injection module based on data collected through at least one lidar sensor unit (L) disposed in the body unit (110) as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0060] Furthermore, the integrated control unit (C0) receives sensing information from multiple LiDAR sensors (L1, L2) positioned at the stern and bow of the water drone, and is able to determine the location and control the movement of the water drone, thereby enabling control of movement within a designated water area through autonomous driving.

[0061] That is, the integrated control unit (C0) enables remote control to implement operations such as current location information and collision avoidance during real-time movement of the water drone through GPS sensors and LiDAR sensors mounted on the water drone, and enables the water drone to pre-set a route to move using geographical information data of a designated purification target body, avoid hazardous obstacles appearing in real-time using LiDAR sensors, and accurately move within the target body while spraying and scattering purification compositions, thereby enabling the implementation of an autonomous water drone.

[0062] According to the above embodiments of the present invention, purification compositions such as photocatalytic nanocomposites, which can easily achieve purification through photocatalytic reactions even in externally exposed environments such as rivers, lakes, or lake water, can be sprayed into water as liquid or solid substances, thereby maximizing purification efficiency.

[0063] In particular, the present invention adopts a structure positioned at the bottom of a water drone to spray a composition into the water, thereby enabling the composition to be directly applied into the water of a large-scale purification target area, such as a lake or river, and allowing diffusion (dispersion) to occur, so as to maximize purification efficiency through the efficient mixing of the purification composition.

[0064] When using a purification composition having a photocatalytic component by providing an underwater spraying device for such a purification composition, it is possible to induce a photocatalytic reaction by absorbing sunlight in the water, thereby increasing purification efficiency, and at the same time, a light irradiation and aeration device can be provided to promote the photocatalytic reaction.

[0065] The supply of the purification composition via the water drone of the present invention is structured such that the purification composition is applied underwater. When a composition having the characteristic of increasing the absorption rate of sunlight underwater is applied, the purification efficiency can be maximized. The composition according to the present invention is manufactured through a process that increases the light absorption rate so that photocatalytic oxidation-reduction reactions are actively implemented even under sunlight (ultraviolet and visible light wavelengths). It exhibits excellent electrical characteristics regarding interfacial charge transfer and surface reactions, facilitating oxidation-reduction reactions and enabling an increased decomposition and removal rate for organic substances such as oil components and non-biodegradable pollutants.

[0066] In particular, by using a vessel equipped with an underwater spraying device, it is possible to use an underwater coating type purification agent, which is efficient in increasing dissolved oxygen (DO) in water and reducing biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total organic carbon (TOC). It also produces an effect of inhibiting and reducing algae (due to the influence of these radicals). Furthermore, because it has a wide range of light wavelengths, it can be applied to various hazardous environments in liquid and solid forms (coated solid types), thus offering a diverse range of applications. When used in combination with a polymer electrolyte, it removes turbidity substances caused by colloidal components in water, while the polymer electrolyte material allows the function of the photocatalytic material to be maintained for a longer period.

[0067] This is because when electrons and holes generated on the surface of the photocatalytic material recombine, they are converted into heat, causing a rapid decrease in the efficiency of ROS generation by the photocatalytic reaction. However, the polymer electrolyte material accepts the electrons generated in this way, thereby effectively allowing the generation of hydroxyl radicals by holes to occur (because it allows the photocatalytic reaction to continue for a longer period), and furthermore, it can prevent a decrease in light transmittance, thereby enabling superior purification efficacy compared to the case where the photocatalytic agent is used alone.

[0069] Accordingly, the purification composition applied to the water drone of the present invention may be one of the following compositions.

[0070] A purifying agent of the photocatalytic nanocomposite structure applied to the device of the present invention may be used if it is manufactured in the following manner.

[0071] [Preparation of Photocatalytic Nanocomposite Purifying Agent Composition]

[0072] The present invention can be manufactured by a process of preparing a photocatalytic dispersion mixture, branching and receiving the photocatalytic dispersion mixture, performing a process of atomizing the branched first dispersion and the second dispersion by opposing collision to nanoscale them, and receiving the nanoscaled composition formed by the opposing collision in a photoreactor to produce a composition containing a photocatalytic nanocomposite. The description of the main components constituting the above purification agent composition is as follows.

[0073] [Preparation of dispersion]

[0074] The step of preparing the photocatalytic dispersion mixture of the present invention may consist of a step of preparing by mixing a metal oxide and a transition metal, a dispersant, a coagulant, a dispersion stabilizer, and a hydrophilic organic solvent.

[0075] In this case, the transition metal and the lanthanoid group metal oxide may be composed of one or more combinations selected from among the transition metal oxide selected from Cu, Zn, Cu, Pd, V, Mo, and Ag, or the lanthanoid group may be composed of one or more combinations selected from among the lanthanoid group metal oxides selected from La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.

[0076] In one embodiment, the metal oxide may be a transition metal oxide selected from one or more combinations of TiO2, SiO2, ZrO2, FeO2, CuO2, CdS, ZnO, (Sr,La)TiO3, Fe3O4, ZnFe2O4, and Si3N4, a lanthanoid group metal selected from one or more combinations of cerium oxide (CeO2) and neodymium oxide (NdO2), or a mixture of two or more of the transition metal oxide and the lanthanoid group metal.

[0077] The average particle size of the transition metal oxide is preferably 10 nm to 700 nm, preferably 20 to 500 nm, and more preferably 30 nm to 400 nm.

[0078] It is preferable that the transition metal, nonmetal, and lanthanide group be 5 nm to 500 nm, preferably 10 nm to 400 nm, and more preferably 20 nm to 300 nm.

[0079] [Dispersant]

[0080] The dispersant used in the preparation of the photocatalytic dispersion mixture of the present invention may be a gas composed of air, nitrogen, oxygen, and a mixture selected from one or more of these, or a liquid selected from one or more of purified water, ethanol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), monoethylene glycol (MEG), diethylene glycol (DEG), polysaccharide, and weak acids, organic acids, acetic acids, etc.

[0081] [Dispersion Stabilizer]

[0082] The dispersion stabilizer of the present invention may be selected from β-diketones, acetylacetone, or polyvinyl alcohol, which is an organic polymer. In the case of the dispersion stabilizer, a transition metal oxide having photocatalytic activity (e.g., titanium dioxide TiO2) is substituted as a solvent to provide dispersion stability when mixed with a solvent.

[0083] These dispersion stabilizers form chelates with the particle surfaces of transition metal oxides, reducing surface tension between the particles and the solvent to prevent separation and aggregation. When applied to coatings, they facilitate strong particle bonding and typically exist as an equilibrium mixture of ketone and enol forms, with the equilibrium position varying depending on the properties of the solvent. Since they form chelates with various metals, these chelates are generally stable and mostly dissolve more readily in organic solvents than in water.

[0084] In the present invention, acetylacetone or polyvinyl alcohol, an organic polymer, may be used as such a dispersion stabilizer.

[0085] [Organic Solvent]

[0086] The organic solvent may be any one of ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, 1-propanol, terpineol, butyl carbitol, or glycol acetate.

[0087] That is, the organic solvent used in combination with the dispersion stabilizer applied in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a hydrophilic organic solvent, but preferably, alcohols such as ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, and 1-propanol with a purity of 95% or higher are used, and more preferably, ethanol and methanol are used.

[0088] [Coagulant]

[0089] The coagulant of the present invention is a polymeric chitosan, and can be applied by including 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of polymeric chitosan based on 100 parts by weight of a dispersant. In particular, when chitosan is used as a coagulant in the present invention, chitosan is used as a polymeric coagulant that aggregates suspended matter in water as a polymeric electrolyte, and since it is insoluble in water, an organic or inorganic acid is diluted and used as a solvent during manufacturing. Chitosan is a cationic polymeric electrolyte substituted with amino groups through a chemical deacetylation reaction of chitin, and aggregates with negatively charged substances such as algae and colloidal substances in water through electrical neutralization bonding.

[0090] For example, when using purified water as a dispersant, it may contain 100 parts by weight of purified water and 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of high molecular weight chitosan, preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 2 parts by weight.

[0091] In the present invention, when acetic acid is applied as a coagulant, it is characterized by containing 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of acetic acid based on 100 parts by weight of a dispersant, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight. The acetic acid in the present invention can be applied as a solvent for chitosan and is used together with a dispersant in water to provide a pH suitable for the activation of microorganisms and to implement a function that can further enhance the ability of the dispersant.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is desirable to implement the composition containing chitosan and acetic acid. Thereby, the water purification composition according to the present invention improves the turbidity of a target lake or river by coagulating and precipitating components such as algae and colloidal substances, and the chitosan used as a pollutant coagulant rapidly decomposes into an environmentally friendly substance, thereby reducing the harmfulness of the sludge. According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to contain chitosan and acetic acid in a weight ratio of 100:10 to 100:80.

[0093] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an environmental improvement composition is provided in which a photocatalytic material having a structure in which one or more of the transition metals Cu, Zn, Fe, Ag, Au, Pt, etc., are doped with one or more of the transition metals titanium dioxide (TiO2), iron oxide (FeO2), copper oxide (CuO2), etc., or one or more of the lactanide metals such as cerium oxide (CeO2) and neodymium oxide (NdO2) are doped with one or more of the nonmetals or other metals is included in a polymer dispersant.

[0094] The above environmental improvement composition contains one or more transition metal oxides such as TiO2, SiO2, ZrO2, (Sr,La)TiO3, Fe3O4, ZnFe2O4, Si3N4, etc. and one or more metal components such as transition metals Cu, Zn, Cu, Pd, V, Mo, Ag, etc.

[0095] As a preferred embodiment, the composition according to the present invention can provide a photocatalyst, which is a photocatalyst for photovoltaic (ultraviolet and visible light) polymeric TiO2 in which one or more transition metals such as Cu, Zn, Cu, Pd, V, Mo, and Ag are doped into TiO2 nanoparticles, which are one of the transition metal oxides.

[0096] The doping structure in these photocatalytic nanocomposite materials can be realized as photocatalytic nanocomposites doped with TiO2-Cu, TiO2-Ag, TiO2-transition metal, TiO2-nonmetal, or TiO2-lactanide.

[0097] The photocatalytic nanocomposite in the present invention exhibits broad photocatalytic activity ranging from ultraviolet light to visible light and sunlight, thereby promoting the decomposition of pollutants in the environment and the oxidation of metals. Furthermore, the TiO2-Cu nanocomposite and the TiO2-Ag nanocomposite possess excellent electrical properties regarding interfacial charge transfer and surface reactions. Consequently, the composition can effectively remove recalcitrant pollutants such as organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus through photocatalytic redox reactions, and can participate in the decomposition mechanism by microorganisms by acting as an electron acceptor.

[0098] The pH of the water purification composition according to an embodiment of the present invention is in the range of 3 to 7, and preferably in the range of 4 to 6.

[0100] As described above, the technical concept of the present invention has been specifically described in preferred embodiments; however, the aforementioned preferred embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting. As such, a person skilled in the art will understand that various embodiments are possible within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention through the combination of embodiments thereof. Explanation of the symbols

[0101] 110: Body part 120: Environmental Information Collection Department 130: Spatial domain 140: Composition supply unit 150: Injection module 160: Light irradiation module 170: Solar module 180: Air supply unit

Claims

Claim 1 A water drone is implemented to move to a target body of water requiring purification, directly spray a purification composition into the water, and induce and promote a photocatalytic reaction to maximize purification efficiency, wherein the water drone comprises: a body part (110) forming a receiving space; an environmental information collection part (120) disposed in the receiving space of the body part and dropping a plurality of sensors downward to sense water quality information; a space area part (130) which functions as a reaction area that maximizes purification reactions through photocatalytic reactions and aeration phenomena, wherein the space area part (130) is implemented by forming a curvature on the bottom surface of the body part (110) and forming a bottom surface structure that forms a curvature toward the top, and when placed on the water surface (W) of the target body of water requiring purification, a space part (132) that is not filled with water and a water depth part (134) that is filled with water are formed between the water surface (W) and the bottom surface of the body part (110); and a composition receiving tank at least one of which is disposed on the upper part of the body part or in the receiving space. A composition supply unit (140) for supplying a purification composition; and a spray module (150) for simultaneously introducing and mixing the purification composition supplied from the composition supply unit (140) and an external underwater fluid, and then accelerating and spraying it backward to perform propulsion and dispersion spraying; a light irradiation module (160) for promoting a purification reaction by performing light irradiation on the spatial area unit (130) and the lower underwater area by the spray module (150); an air injection unit (180) including an aeration module (182) disposed on the front inner side of the body unit (110) and activating the mixing reaction between the purification composition and the underwater fluid by spraying gas into the spatial area unit (130); and an integrated control unit (CO) for setting and changing the driving path of the water drone and controlling the spraying method of the spray module based on data collected through at least one lidar sensor unit (L) disposed in the body unit (110).An environmental purification composition underwater spraying type water drone, comprising: a space area portion formed by the space portion (132) and the depth portion (134) as an area where a purification composition, underwater fluid, and gas are mixed and a reaction takes place; and wherein the spray module (150), light irradiation module (160), and air spray portion (180) are driven in conjunction to simultaneously cause a photocatalytic reaction and an aeration process to occur while the purification composition, underwater fluid, and gas are mixed within the space area portion. Claim 2 An underwater spraying type water drone for an environmental purification composition according to claim 1, wherein the spraying module (150) comprises: a module housing (152) having a space formed on the inside; and an impeller member (156) that introduces the composition of the composition supply unit (140) into the inside of the module housing (152) through rotation, mixes an external fluid, disperses and sprays it outside the module housing (152), and forms a propulsion force. Claim 3 In claim 2, the impeller member (156) is a structure in which a pair of impellers are spaced apart vertically and arranged within the module housing (152) so as to be spaced apart from each other and rotate in opposite directions, an underwater spraying type water drone for environmental purification composition Claim 4 An environmental purification composition underwater spraying type water drone according to claim 3, wherein the light irradiation module (160) is positioned at the lower surface of the body part where the spatial area part (130) is formed and configured to irradiate light toward the spatial area part and the lower underwater area. Claim 5 An underwater spraying type water drone for an environmental purification composition according to claim 4, wherein the light irradiation module (160) comprises: a light irradiation unit (162) having a light element that performs irradiation of UVA wavelength light; and a transparent substrate (164) disposed below the light irradiation unit, which performs light transmission and protects the light irradiation unit. Claim 6 delete Claim 7 In claim 5, the environmental information collection unit (120) comprises: a sensing chamber unit (122) positioned in front of the air injection unit (180); an input pipe (124) that moves through a sensor guide hole formed in the body unit (110) and extends in an underwater direction from the sensing chamber unit (122) and is introduced into the water; and at least one sensor (S) connected to the input pipe (124); wherein the sensor (S) is stored in the sensing chamber unit (122) by retrieving the input pipe after the sensing operation, an environmental purification composition underwater injection type water drone. Claim 8 An underwater spraying type water drone for an environmental purification composition, further comprising: a solar panel (172) positioned at the top of the location where the light irradiation module (160) is positioned, and a solar module (170) including a power control unit (174) that stores and supplies the generated power to a battery. Claim 9 In claim 8, the composition supply unit (140) further comprises a receiving tank (142, 144) for receiving the composition; and the water drone for underwater spraying of an environmental purification composition is implemented with a structure (CL) inclined toward the discharge unit at the bottom of the receiving tank. Claim 10 delete

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