Portable metal detector

Abstract

The present invention relates to a portable metal detection device comprising first and second handle scanners (100) (100') for detecting metal carried by an entrant while held by a security officer in the hand, wherein the first and second handle scanners (100) (100') comprise a first and second scanner body (110) (110') consisting of first and second handle parts (111) (111') and first and second detection parts (112) (112'); A first and second PCB board (120) (120') in which a first and second control PCB (121) (121') positioned corresponding to the first and second handle parts (111) (111') and a first and second detection PCB (122) (122') positioned corresponding to the first and second detection parts (112) (112') and having a penetrating first and second PCB slot (123) (123') formed therein, are embedded in the first and second scanner main body (110) (110'); It is characterized by including: a first and second operating circuit section (130) (130') which is implanted in the first and second control PCB (121) (121') and includes a first and second rechargeable battery (132) (132') for supplying power to the first and second electrical components (131) (131') for operation; and a first and second coil pattern section (140) (140) which is formed in the first and second detection PCB (122) (122') around the first and second PCB slot (123) (123') and generates an inductive magnetic field for metal detection and receives a magnetic field linked to an eddy current generated in a specific metal by the inductive magnetic field.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a metal detector for portable use, and more specifically, to a portable metal detector capable of not only improving productivity but also enabling effective metal detection. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, portable metal detectors are used to detect whether entrants are carrying metal objects, such as weapons, in various locations requiring security, such as airport arrival and departure halls and seaports. A portable metal detector includes a scanner body equipped with a handle for a security officer to hold, a coil detection unit embedded in the scanner body, an operating circuit unit that supplies power to generate an induced magnetic field to the coil detection unit and analyzes the received magnetic field, and an alarm unit that emits an alarm sound when metal objects are detected.

[0003] The coil detection unit is implemented by winding a coil onto a plastic edge jig, the coil detection unit is embedded on one side of the scanner body, and the operating circuit unit is embedded on the other side of the scanner body.

[0004] In this portable metal detector, when the coil detection unit generates an alternating magnetic field during metal detection, eddy currents are induced in the metal, and when the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents is detected, the alarm unit emits an alarm light to indicate that metals have been detected.

[0005] However, to manufacture the coil detection unit, the coil was wound multiple times around a plastic edge jig and then sealed with tape or resin to prevent the wound coil from unraveling, a process that took a significant amount of time.

[0006] In addition, a complex fastening process using multiple bolts was required to secure the three-dimensional coil detection unit within the scanner body, and a process of soldering the coil input / output terminals extended from the coil detection unit to the operating circuit was required; consequently, mass production required a significant amount of effort and time. The problem to be solved

[0007] The present invention was created to solve the above-mentioned problems and aims to provide a portable metal detector that can increase productivity by eliminating the process of winding a coil on a rim jig or the process of connecting a coil detection unit and an operating circuit unit.

[0008] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a portable metal detector capable of not only detecting metals carried by an entrant but also determining the location of the metals. means of solving the problem

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the portable metal detector according to the present invention comprises a first and second handle scanner (100) (100') for detecting metals carried by an entrant while held by a security officer in the hand, and the first and second handle scanner (100) (100') comprises a first and second scanner body (110) (110') consisting of a first and second handle part (111) (111') and a first and second detection part (112) (112'); A first and second PCB board (120) (120') in which a first and second control PCB (121) (121') positioned corresponding to the first and second handle parts (111) (111') and a first and second detection PCB (122) (122') positioned corresponding to the first and second detection parts (112) (112') and having a penetrating first and second PCB slot (123) (123') formed therein are embedded in the first and second scanner main body (110) (110'); It is characterized by including: a first and second operating circuit section (130) (130') which is implanted in the first and second control PCBs (121) (121') and includes a first and second electrical component (131) (131') for operation and a first and second rechargeable battery (132) (132') for supplying power to the first and second electrical component (131) (131'); and a first and second coil pattern section (140) (140) which is formed in the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') around the first and second PCB slots (123) (123') and generates an inductive magnetic field for metal detection and receives a magnetic field linked to an eddy current generated in a specific metal by the inductive magnetic field.

[0010] In the present invention, the first and second coil pattern portions (140) (140') are formed by exposing and etching the upper and lower surfaces of the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') around the first and second PCB slots (123) (123'), and the input / output terminals are connected to the first and second operating circuit portions (130) (130').

[0011] In the present invention, the first and second handle scanners (100) (100') further include a plurality of first and second sub-coil pattern portions (150) (150') formed on the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') outside the first and second coil pattern portions (140) (140'); and a plurality of first and second position confirmation LEDs (160) (160') implanted in the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') corresponding to the first and second sub-coil pattern portions (150) (150') and emitting light into the first and second PCB slots (123) (123').

[0012] In the present invention, the first and second scanner bodies (110) (110') further include first and second slots (113) (113') formed in the first and second detection units (112) (112') and positioned to correspond to the first and second PCB slots (123) (123'), and first and second light guide plates (114) (114') coupled to the first and second slots (113) (113') to emit light from the first and second position confirmation LEDs (160) (160').

[0013] In the present invention, the first and second charging cradles (200) (200') are formed such that the first and second handle portions (111) (111') are detachably fitted in a vertical direction, and the first and second vertical detachable grooves (211) (211') are formed in a vertical direction and the first and second horizontal grooves (212) (212') are formed in communication with the first and second vertical detachable grooves (211) (211') and are opened toward the front, and the first and second cradle bodies (210) (210') are formed in a vertical direction and the first and second horizontal grooves (212) (212') are formed in communication with the first and second vertical detachable grooves (211) (211'), the first and second coupling grooves (220) (220') are formed on one side of the first and second cradle bodies (210) (210'), and the other side of the first and second cradle bodies (210) (210') is formed therein It includes first and second coupling protrusions (230) (230') that are detachably coupled to first and second coupling grooves (210) (210').

[0014] In the present invention, the first and second handle scanners (100) (100') further include first and second charging electromagnetic field receiving coils (170) (170') which are installed on the inner circumference of the first and second handle portions (111) (111') and generate power for charging the first and second rechargeable batteries (132) (132') by means of a charging inductive magnetic field applied from the outside; The first and second charging cradles (200) (200') are installed in the vertical detachable groove (211) and further include first and second charging electromagnetic field generating coils (270) (270') that are opposite to the first and second charging electromagnetic field receiving coils (170) (170') when the first and second handle parts (111) (111') are fitted into the vertical detachable groove (211). Effects of the invention

[0015] Thus, according to the present invention, a first and second PCB board (120) (120') in which a first and second control PCB (121) (121') positioned corresponding to a first and second handle part (111) (111') and a first and second detection PCB (122) (122') positioned corresponding to a first and second detection part (112) (112') form a single body, and a first and second operating circuit part (130) (130') including a first and second electrical component (131) (131') for operation and a first and second rechargeable battery (132) (132') for supplying power to the first and second electrical component (131) (131') which is implanted in the first and second control PCB (121) (121'), and By including first and second coil pattern sections (140) (140) formed on the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') to transmit a magnetic field for metal detection and receive a magnetic field generated by eddy currents generated from the metals, the process of winding a coil multiple times on a plastic edge jig to manufacture a coil detection section as in the prior art and then finishing the wound coil with tape or resin so that it does not unravel can be omitted. Furthermore, the complex fastening process using multiple bolts to fix a three-dimensional coil detection section within the scanner body, or the process of connecting the coil input / output terminals extended from the coil detection section to the operating circuit section by soldering can be omitted, thereby improving productivity.

[0016] In addition, by employing the first and second sub-coil pattern portions (150) (150') and the first and second position confirmation LEDs (160) (160') formed on the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122'), the location of the detected metals can be determined. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0017] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portable metal detector according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing the first and second handle scanners of FIG. 1 extracted. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the first and second PCB boards extracted and embedded in the first and second scanner bodies of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a drawing for explaining that first and second position detection coil patterns and first and second position confirmation LEDs are implanted in the detection PCB of the first and second PCB boards of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the first and second charging cradles of FIG. 1, extracted from FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a drawing for explaining first and second coupling grooves and first and second coupling protrusions that mutually connect or separate the first and second charging cradles of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a drawing for explaining that the first and second charged electromagnetic field receiving coils and the first and second charged electromagnetic field generating coils are installed on the inner surface of the first and second vertical detachable grooves of FIG. 5 and the inner surface of the first and second handle parts. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0018] Hereinafter, a portable metal detector according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0019] In the following, terms designated as "upper" or "upper" may include not only those directly above in contact but also those above non-contact. Terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by these terms. Terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, when a part is described as "comprising" a component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but may include additional components. Additionally, terms such as "...part," "module," etc., as used in the specification refer to a unit that performs at least one function or operation.

[0020] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portable metal detector according to the present invention.

[0021] A portable metal detector according to the present invention comprises: first and second handle scanners (100) (100') for detecting metals carried by an entrant while held by a security officer in the hand; and first and second charging cradles (200) (200') for detachably supporting the first and second handle scanners (100) (100') and charging the first and second handle scanners (100) (100') while they are supported.

[0022] The portable metal detector according to the present invention is composed of a plurality of handle scanners having the same configuration and a plurality of charging cradles that detachably support each handle scanner while simultaneously performing charging. In this embodiment, for ease of explanation, the "first" and "second" reference numerals are assigned to two handle scanners and charging cradles for description.

[0023] FIG. 2 is a front view showing the first and second handle scanners of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the first and second PCB boards embedded in the first and second scanner bodies of FIG. 2.

[0024] The first handle scanner (100) comprises: a first scanner body (110) comprising a first handle portion (111) and a first detection portion (112); a first PCB board (120) formed as one body, which is embedded in the first scanner body (110), and which includes a first control PCB (121) positioned corresponding to the first handle portion (111) and a first detection PCB (122) positioned corresponding to the first detection portion (112) having a penetrating first PCB slot (123); and a first operating circuit portion (130) which is implanted in the first control PCB (121) and includes a first electrical component (131) for operation and a first rechargeable battery (132) for supplying power to the first electrical component (131). It includes a first coil pattern part (140) formed on a first detection PCB (122) around a first PCB slot (123) that generates an inductive magnetic field for metal detection and receives a magnetic field linked to an eddy current generated in a specific metal class by the inductive magnetic field.

[0025] The second handle scanner (100') comprises: a second scanner body (110') comprising a second handle portion (111') and a second detection portion (112'); a second PCB board (120') formed as a single body, which is embedded in the second scanner body (110'), and which includes a second control PCB (121') positioned corresponding to the second handle portion (111') and a second detection PCB (122') positioned corresponding to the second detection portion (112') with a penetrating second PCB slot (123') formed therein; and a second operating circuit portion (130') which is implanted in the second control PCB (121') and includes a second electrical component (131') for operation and a second rechargeable battery (132') for supplying power to the second electrical component (131'). It includes a second coil pattern part (140') formed on the second detection PCB (122') around the second PCB slot (123'), which generates an inductive magnetic field for metal detection and receives a magnetic field linked to an eddy current generated in a specific metal class by the inductive magnetic field.

[0026] The first and second scanner bodies (110) (110') form a single body with first and second detection parts (112) (112') that are extended long and attached to first and second handle parts (111) (111') that are sized to be held by a security guard.

[0027] Between the first and second handle parts (111) (111') and the first and second detection parts (112) (112'), a plurality of first and second buttons (115) (115') for turning the power on and off or setting the mode are installed.

[0028] The first and second PCB boards (120) (120') form a single body with the first and second control PCBs (121) (121') and the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122'), the first and second operating circuit section (130) (130') is installed on the first and second control PCBs (121) (121'), and the first and second coil pattern section (140) (140') is formed on the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122').

[0029] The first and second operating circuit sections (130) (130') are installed in the first and second control PCBs (121) (121') and include first and second electrical components (131) (131') for operation and first and second rechargeable batteries (132) (132') for supplying power to the first and second electrical components (131) (131').

[0030] The first and second coil pattern sections (140) (140') are formed by exposing and etching the upper and lower surfaces of the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') around the first and second PCB slots (123) (123'), and the first and second coil pattern sections (140) (140') manufactured accordingly can secure the same product reliability and have uniform magnetic field generation and reception capabilities. The input / output terminals of these first and second coil pattern sections (140) (140') are connected to the first and second operating circuit sections (130) (130').

[0031] FIG. 4 is a drawing for explaining that the first and second position detection coil patterns and the first and second position confirmation LEDs are implanted in the detection PCB of the first and second PCB boards of FIG. 3.

[0032] The first and second handle scanners (100) (100') comprise a plurality of pairs, in this embodiment, 7 pairs of first and second sub-coil pattern sections (150) (150') formed on the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') outside the first and second coil pattern sections (140) (140'); and a plurality of pairs, in this embodiment, 7 pairs of first and second position confirmation LEDs (160) (160') implanted in the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') corresponding to the first and second sub-coil pattern sections (150) (150') and emitting light into the first and second PCB slots (123) (123'). It includes a first and second charging electromagnetic field receiving coil (170) (170') which is installed on the inner surface of the first and second handle parts (111) (111') and generates power for charging the first and second charging batteries (132) (132') by a charging inductive magnetic field applied from the outside.

[0033] The first and second sub-coil pattern sections (150) (150') are formed on the outside of the first and second coil pattern sections (140) (140') and detect a magnetic field applied from a specific metal to be detected. That is, while the first and second coil pattern sections (140) (140) only detect the presence or absence of a metal, the first and second sub-coil pattern sections (150) (150') generate a detection signal according to the relative position with respect to the metal, causing specific first and second position confirmation LEDs to light up, and enable the position of the metal to be estimated according to the light-up position of the specific first and second position confirmation LEDs.

[0034] For example, if a person hides metal objects that pose a security risk in multiple locations, the first and second sub-coil pattern sections (150) (150') independently detect the metal objects in multiple locations and emit the corresponding location confirmation LED.

[0035] The first and second charging electromagnetic field receiving coils (170) (170') are installed on the inner surface of the first and second handle parts (111) (111') and receive the charging magnetic field generated from the first and second charging electromagnetic field generating coils (270) (270') installed in the first and second vertical detachable grooves (211) (211') of the first and second charging cradle (200 (200') to be described later, and produce power to charge the first and second charging batteries (132) (132').

[0036] Meanwhile, the first and second scanner body (110) (110') further includes, as shown in FIG. 2, a first and second slotted hole (113) (113') formed in the first and second detection unit (112) (112') and positioned to correspond to the first and second PCB slotted hole (123) (123'), and a first and second light guide plate (114) (114') coupled to the first and second slotted hole (113) (113') to emit light from the first and second position confirmation LED (160) (160').

[0037] The first and second light guide plates (114) (114') are made of transparent acrylic material and have product names or place names printed on them. Fine grooves are formed in horizontal and vertical directions on the surface of these first and second light guide plates (114) (114') to locally emit light from specific first and second position confirmation LEDs (160) (160'). Accordingly, by confirming that localized surface light is emitted from the first and second light guide plates (114) (114'), it is possible to determine whether specific first and second position confirmation LEDs (160) (160') are emitting light.

[0038] The first and second operating circuit sections (130)(130'), first and second coil pattern sections (140)(140), first and second sub-coil pattern sections (150)(150'), and first and second position confirmation LEDs (160)(160') form a single module assembly, thereby allowing the module assembly to be easily assembled to the first and second scanner bodies (110)(110'). In particular, since the first and second coil pattern sections (140)(140) and the first and second sub-coil pattern sections (150)(150') are patterned and formed on the first and second detection PCBs (122)(122'), it is not necessary to use a plastic edge jig as in the past, which significantly reduces the assembly process.

[0039] FIG. 5 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the first and second charging cradles of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a drawing for explaining the first and second coupling grooves and the first and second coupling protrusions for connecting or separating the first and second charging cradles of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a drawing for explaining that the first and second charging electromagnetic field receiving coils and the first and second charging electromagnetic field generating coils are installed on the inner surface of the first and second vertical detachable grooves of FIG. 5 and the inner surface of the first and second handle parts.

[0040] The first and second charging cradles (200) (200') are formed such that the first and second handle portions (111) (111') are detachably fitted in a vertical direction, and the first and second vertical detachable grooves (211) (211') are open in a vertical direction and the first and second horizontal grooves (212) (212') are open to the front side and are in communication with the first and second vertical detachable grooves (211) (211'), and the first and second cradle bodies (210) (210') are formed such that the first and second handle portions (111) (111') are detachably fitted, the first and second cradle bodies (210) (210') have first and second coupling grooves (220) (220') formed on one side of the first and second cradle bodies (210) (210'), and the first and second coupling grooves (210) (210') are formed on the other side of the first and second cradle bodies (210) (210') and are detachably coupled to the first and second coupling grooves (210) (210'). It includes the first and second connecting protrusions (230) (230').

[0041] With this structure, when combining the first charging cradle (200) and the second charging cradle (200'), the second connecting protrusion (230') of the second charging cradle (200') is inserted into the first connecting groove (220) of the first charging cradle (200).

[0042] Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 7, a first and second charging electromagnetic generating coil (270) (270') is installed on the inner surface of the first and second vertical detachable grooves (211) to face the first and second charging electromagnetic field receiving coil (170) (170') when the first and second handle parts (111) (111') are fitted.

[0043] By employing the first and second charging electromagnetic field receiving coils (170) (170') and the first and second charging electromagnetic field generating coils (270) (270'), the first and second charging batteries (132) (132') can be charged in a non-contact manner, and accordingly, the first and second handle scanners (100) (100') can be manufactured to be waterproof.

[0044] Thus, according to the present invention, a first and second PCB board (120) (120') in which a first and second control PCB (121) (121') positioned corresponding to a first and second handle part (111) (111') and a first and second detection PCB (122) (122') positioned corresponding to a first and second detection part (112) (112') form a single body, and a first and second operating circuit part (130) (130') including a first and second electrical component (131) (131') for operation and a first and second rechargeable battery (132) (132') for supplying power to the first and second electrical component (131) (131') which is implanted in the first and second control PCB (121) (121'), and By including first and second coil pattern sections (140) (140) formed on the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') to transmit a magnetic field for metal detection and receive a magnetic field generated by eddy currents generated from the metals, the process of winding a coil multiple times on a plastic edge jig to manufacture a coil detection section as in the prior art and then finishing the wound coil with tape or resin so that it does not unravel can be omitted. Furthermore, the complex fastening process using multiple bolts to fix a three-dimensional coil detection section within the scanner body, or the process of connecting the coil input / output terminals extended from the coil detection section to the operating circuit section by soldering can be omitted, thereby improving productivity.

[0045] In addition, by employing the first and second sub-coil pattern portions (150) (150') and the first and second position confirmation LEDs (160) (160') formed on the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122'), the location of the detected metals can be determined.

[0046] The present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment illustrated in the drawings, but this is merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent alternative embodiments are possible therefrom. Explanation of the symbols

[0047] 100, 100' ... 1st and 2nd handle scanners 110, 110' ... 1st and 2nd scanner bodies 111, 111' ... 1st and 2nd handle sections 112, 112' ... 1st and 2nd detection sections 113, 113' ... Study of Chapters 1 and 2 114, 114' ... Light Guide Plates 1 and 2 120, 120' ... 1st and 2nd PCB boards 121, 121' ... 1st and 2nd control PCBs 122, 122' ... 1st, 2nd Detection PCB 123, 123' ... 1st, 2nd PCB Elongated Hole 130, 130' ... 1st and 2nd operating circuit sections 131, 131' ... 1st and 2nd electrical components 132, 132' ... 1st and 2nd rechargeable batteries 140, 140' ... 1st and 2nd coil pattern sections 150, 150' ... 1st and 2nd sub-coil pattern sections 160, 160' ... 1st and 2nd position confirmation LEDs 170, 170' ... 1st and 2nd charged electromagnetic field generating coils 200, 200' ... 1st and 2nd charging cradles 210, 210' ... 1st and 2nd cradle bodies 211, 211' ... 1st and 2nd vertical detachable grooves 212, 212' ... 1st and 2nd horizontal grooves 220, 220' ... 1st and 2nd connecting grooves 230, 230' ... 1st and 2nd connecting protrusions 270, 270' ... 1st and 2nd charged electromagnetic field receiving coils

Claims

Claim 1 The device includes a first and second handle scanner (100) (100') for detecting metal held by a security guard in hand and carried by an entrant, wherein the first and second handle scanner (100) (100') comprises a first and second scanner body (110) (110') consisting of a first and second handle portion (111) (111') and a first and second detection portion (112) (112'); and a first and second control PCB (121) (121') positioned corresponding to the first and second handle portion (111) (111') and a first and second PCB elongated hole (123) (123') formed through the first and second PCB positioned corresponding to the first and second detection portion (112) (112') and embedded in the first and second scanner body (110) (110'). A first and second PCB board (120) (120') in which the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') form a single body; and a first for operation that is implanted in the first and second control PCBs (121) (121').A first and second operating circuit section (130)(130') comprising a second electrical component (131)(131') and a first and second rechargeable battery (132)(132') for supplying power to the first and second electrical components (131)(131'); A first and second coil pattern section (140) (140) formed by exposing and etching the upper and lower surfaces of the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') around the first and second PCB slots (123) (123'), which generates an inductive magnetic field for metal detection and receives a magnetic field linked to an eddy current generated in a specific metal by the inductive magnetic field; and a plurality of first and second sub-coil pattern sections (150) (150') formed on the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') outside the first and second coil pattern section (140) (140'); It includes a plurality of pairs of first and second position confirmation LEDs (160) (160') that are implanted in the first and second detection PCBs (122) (122') corresponding to the first and second sub-coil pattern portions (150) (150') and emit light into the first and second PCB slots (123) (123'), and the first and second scanner body (110) (110') is formed in the first and second detection portions (112) (112') and includes first and second slots (113) (113') positioned corresponding to the first and second PCB slots (123) (123'), and is coupled to the first and second slots (113) (113') to emit light from the first and second position confirmation LEDs (160) (160') in the horizontal and vertical directions to emit light from the surface. A portable metal detector characterized by including first and second light guide plates (114) (114') having grooves formed therein. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete Claim 4 delete Claim 5 In claim 1, the first and second charging cradles (200) (200') are formed such that the first and second handle portions (111) (111') are detachably fitted in a vertical direction, and the first and second vertical detachable grooves (211) (211') are opened in a vertical direction and the first and second horizontal grooves (212) (212') are opened to the front side and communicate with the first and second vertical detachable grooves (211) (211'), and the first and second coupling grooves (220) (220') are formed on one side of the first and second cradle body (210) (210'), and the other side of the first and second cradle body (210) (210') is formed such that the first and second cradle body (210) (210') A portable metal detector characterized by including first and second coupling protrusions (230) (230') that are detachably coupled to first and second coupling grooves (210) (210'). Claim 6 In claim 5, the first and second handle scanners (100) (100') are installed on the inner circumference of the first and second handle portions (111) (111') and further include first and second charging electromagnetic field receiving coils (170) (170') that generate power to charge the first and second rechargeable batteries (132) (132') by a charging inductive magnetic field applied from the outside; and the first and second charging cradles (200) (200') are installed in the vertical detachable groove (211) and further include first and second charging electromagnetic field generating coils (270) (270') that are opposite to the first and second charging electromagnetic field receiving coils (170) (170') when the first and second handle portions (111) (111') are fitted into the vertical detachable groove (211). A portable metal detector characterized by the following.

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