ENERGY-SAVING BALANCE MECHANISM, ROTATING MACHINE AND IMPLEMENTATION METHOD

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a balanced mechanism for energy saving, in any conceivable application, and in particular rotating machines.

[0002] The invention also relates to a rotating machine, for example a motor, a generator, or a mixer, comprising at least one such mechanism. The invention relates in particular to a motor comprising several mechanisms.

[0003] The invention also relates to a method for implementing such a mechanism.

[0004] In the field of mechanics, there are numerous motion transmission mechanisms (see EP 2 781 790 A1), such as epicyclic gear trains or crankshafts, suitable for equipping rotating machines. However, the efficiencies obtained with known mechanisms are not entirely satisfactory.

[0005] The aim of the present invention is to propose a mechanism to save energy and improve the efficiency of a rotating machine.

[0006] To this end, the invention relates to a mechanism, comprising: a support including a base, a balance wheel suspended from the base, and suspension rods articulated on the base and on the balance wheel; a first toothed wheel movable in rotation relative to the support around a first axis; a second toothed wheel movable in rotation relative to the support around a second axis; a first eccentric element fixed in rotation to the first toothed wheel and generating a first moment of gravitational force around the first axis; a second eccentric element fixed in rotation to the second toothed wheel and generating a second moment of gravitational force around the second axis; and a connecting rod comprising a rotating head mounted in a pivot joint on a first shaft and an eccentric head mounted in an eccentric pivot joint on a second shaft.

[0007] According to the invention, the axes are parallel in a horizontal or vertical reference plane. The balance beam supports the axes of the gears and eccentric elements. The connecting rods are inclined at an angle between 45 and 80 degrees to a vertical plane. For the connecting rod, the first shaft is either a shaft supporting one of the gears or a shaft fixed to the base, while the second shaft is the other of the shaft supporting one of the gears and the shaft fixed to the base. The gears mesh with each other with a 1:1 transmission ratio and are free to rotate in opposite directions. When the mechanism is in operation, the eccentric elements describe an elliptical motion, while the balance beam describes a swaying motion having a vertical and a horizontal component.The gravitational torques of the eccentric elements have the same magnitude and direction, varying according to their angular position around the axes. For each angular position of the gears and eccentric elements around the axes, the mechanism exhibits a rest equilibrium configuration.

[0008] Thus, the invention makes it possible to generate energy, thanks to the centrifugal forces resulting from the movements of the eccentric elements and the pushing or pulling forces resulting from the movements of the pendulum.

[0009] Balancing the eccentric elements and the centrifugal forces they generate reduces the energy required to drive the gears and eccentric elements in rotation. The greater the centrifugal forces, the easier this rotation becomes.

[0010] The inclination of the suspension rods allows the mechanism's center of gravity to be altered, compared to rods that would be vertically oriented in equilibrium. The thrust or tension energy of the balance wheel is far greater than the initial rotational force of the eccentric elements. Once the mechanism is in motion, the centrifugal energy generated by the eccentric elements is much greater than the thrust or tension energy of the balance wheel.

[0011] According to other advantageous features of the mechanism according to the invention, taken individually or in combination: The eccentric elements have the same mass and dimensions. The gears comprise a first gear with one tooth longer than the others and a second gear with a groove formed between two teeth. The longer tooth and the groove coincide when the gears mesh, allowing the eccentric elements to align. The mechanism includes a drive shaft with an axis aligned with the upper joints of the suspension rods. A first distance is defined between the distal end of each eccentric element and its corresponding axis of rotation. A second distance is defined, equal to the center-to-center distance of the suspension rods. The first distance is less than the second, so the eccentric elements pass under the drive shaft.The mechanism includes starting means, such as a chain or gear system, designed to rotate one of the gears. The starting means may include a motor. The starting means may include a crank. The mechanism lacks dedicated starting means for the mechanism(s). In this case, the mechanism(s) can be started by simply pushing on the rocker arm(s) or one of the eccentric elements. The mechanism includes means for recovering energy during operation, such as a generator or a motor-generator. When the energy recovery means include a generator, the machine preferably includes starting means for the mechanism, such as a motor or a crank. This overcomes the starting resistance caused by the presence of the generator.To fix the connecting rod, the first shaft supports one of the gears, while the second shaft is fixed to the base. The axes of the gears are horizontal. The reference plane is horizontal. The reference plane is vertical.

[0012] The invention also relates to a rotating machine, comprising at least one mechanism as mentioned above.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating machine is an energy production or transformation machine with improved efficiency. Advantageously, this machine is crankshaftless.

[0014] By way of non-limiting examples, the rotating machine can be a motor, a generator, a mixer, a centrifuge, a compressor, a pump or a turbine.

[0015] When the machine is an internal combustion engine, the eccentric elements equipping the mechanism meet in two positions of maximum centrifugation, each corresponding to a combustion of gas in the engine.

[0016] According to an advantageous embodiment, the machine comprises at least one pair of mechanisms arranged in series and synchronized. The mechanisms are aligned and move in opposite phase.

[0017] Each mechanism includes its own drive shaft, having an axis aligned with the upper joints of the suspension connecting rods.

[0018] According to another advantageous embodiment, the machine comprises several pairs of mechanisms, arranged in series and synchronized within each pair. The pairs are arranged in parallel and synchronized with each other.

[0019] The machine comprises two drive shafts, each coupled to the various mechanisms arranged in parallel in a row.

[0020] Advantageously, the machine includes a single energy recovery shaft.

[0021] According to another advantageous embodiment, the machine is a two-stroke engine comprising two mechanisms. The first two eccentric elements are arranged offset by half a turn, and the second two eccentric elements are arranged offset by half a turn.

[0022] According to another advantageous embodiment, the machine is a four-stroke engine comprising four mechanisms. The first four eccentric elements are arranged in quarter-turn offsets, and similarly the second four eccentric elements are arranged in quarter-turn offsets.

[0023] Preferably, when the machine includes several pendulum mechanisms, the base is common to all the pendulums. In other words, all the pendulums are suspended from the same base.

[0024] The invention also relates to a method for implementing a mechanism as described above, comprising the following successive steps: a positioning stage of the eccentric elements relative to each other and to the gears, so that the gravitational moments of the eccentric elements have the same value and direction, varying according to their angular position around the axes, and that for each angular position of the gears and eccentric elements around the axes, the mechanism has a rest equilibrium configuration; a starting stage of the rotation of the gears and eccentric elements around the axes, in which the mechanism leaves the equilibrium configuration and starts moving; and an operating stage, in which the rotation of the eccentric elements around the axes generates centrifugal forces within the mechanism, the eccentric elements describe an elliptical motion, while the balance wheel describes a swing motion having a vertical component and a horizontal component.

[0025] The invention will be better understood upon reading the following description, given solely by way of non-limiting example and made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: there figure 1 is a side view of a mechanism according to a first embodiment of the invention, comprising a balance support, two gear wheels, two eccentric elements and a connecting rod; the figure 2 is a partial, larger-scale, top view of the pendulum equipping the mechanism of the figure 1 ; there figure 3 is a partial detail view of the meshing between the two gears of the mechanism; the figure 4 is a side view of the connecting rod equipping the machine of figures 1 and 2 ; THE figures 5 to 12 are schematic representations of the mechanism of figures 1 and 2 illustrating the movements of the gears and eccentric elements; the figures 13 to 16 are schematic representations analogous to figures 5 to 8, for a mechanism conforming to a second embodiment of the invention; the figure 17 is a top view showing a variant of the connecting rod coupling on the mechanism; the figure 18 is a view analogous to the figure 2 , for a mechanism conforming to a third embodiment of the invention; the figure 19 is a view analogous to the figure 1 showing an example of a machine according to the invention, equipped with two mechanisms in series; the Figure 20 is a top view of the machine of the figure 1 ; there figure 21 is a view analogous to the figure 18 showing a second example of a machine conforming to the invention; the figure 22 is a view analogous to the figure 19 showing a third example of a machine conforming to the invention; the figure 23 is a view analogous to the figure 18 showing a fourth example of a machine conforming to the invention; and the figure 24 is a view analogous to the figure 19showing a fifth example of a machine conforming to the invention, equipped in parallel with two pairs of mechanisms in series.

[0026] On the figures 1 to 12 is represented a balanced mechanism 1 for energy saving, conforming to a first embodiment of the invention.

[0027] The mechanism 1 comprises a support 2, a first assembly 10 rotatable about a first axis A1, a second assembly 20 rotatable about a second axis A2, a starting device 40 for the mechanism 1, a support shaft 53, and a connecting rod 60. The axes A1 and A2 are parallel to each other, horizontal, and arranged in a horizontal reference plane P0. The assemblies 10 and 20 rotate in opposite directions.

[0028] The support 2 comprises a fixed base 3 and a movable rocker arm 4, which is positioned horizontally and suspended from the base 3 by four connecting rods 5. Each connecting rod 5 is articulated to both the base 3 and the rocker arm 4 by pivot joints with axes parallel to axes A1 and A2. The rocker arm 4 is movable in circular translation relative to the support 3, over a limited range of motion. The connecting rods 5 are articulated at the corners of the rocker arm 4. The connecting rods 5 are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees to a vertical plane.

[0029] The base 3 comprises two vertical feet 6 and an upper horizontal upright 7. The connecting rods 5 are articulated on the upright 7. Alternatively, the base 3 may have two uprights 7. In addition, the base 3 may have one or more lower horizontal uprights.

[0030] The balance beam 4 comprises three longitudinal plates 8 and transverse bars 9 attached to the ends of the longitudinal plates 8. The connecting rods 5 are articulated on the outer plates 8. The plates 8 of the balance beam 4 support the assemblies 10 and 20. More specifically, assembly 10 is supported by the intermediate plate 8 and the front plate 8 via the bearings 15, and assembly 20 is supported by the intermediate plate 8 and the rear plate 8 via the bearings 25. The axes A1 and A2 are fixed relative to the balance beam 4.

[0031] The assembly 10 comprises a shaft 11, a gear 12 with teeth 13, a cylinder 14, and bearings 15. The shaft 11, gear 12, and bearings 15 are centered on the axis A1, while the cylinder 14 is an eccentric element, having a center of gravity G1 offset by a distance d1 from the axis A1. The gear 12 and the cylinder 14 are mounted on the shaft 11, which is supported by the bearings 15 mounted in the plates 8 of the balance wheel 4. The gear 12 is free to rotate R1 relative to the balance wheel 4 around the axis A1.

[0032] Cylinder 14 is rotationally fixed to wheel 12 (R1) and generates a moment M1 of gravitational force P1 about axis A1. The force P1 is approximately constant. However, the moment M1 has a magnitude and direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) that vary depending on the angular position of cylinder 14 about axis A1.

[0033] The assembly 20 comprises a shaft 21, a gear 22 with teeth 23, a cylinder 24, and bearings 25. The shaft 21, gear 22, and bearings 25 are centered on the axis A2, while the cylinder 24 is an eccentric element, having a center of gravity G2 offset by a distance d2 from the axis A2. The gear 22 and the cylinder 24 are mounted on the shaft 21, which is supported by the bearings 25 mounted in the plates 8 of the balance wheel 4. The gear 22 is free to rotate R2 relative to the balance wheel 4 around the axis A2.

[0034] Cylinder 24 is rotationally fixed to wheel 14 (R2) and generates a moment M2 of gravitational force P2 about axis A2. The force P2 is approximately constant. However, the moment M2 has a magnitude and direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) that vary depending on the angular position of cylinder 24 about axis A2.

[0035] Wheels 12 and 22 mesh with each other at a 1:1 transmission ratio. Wheels 12 and 22 have the same dimensions and the same number of teeth (13 and 23). Wheels 12 and 22 rotate in opposite directions (R1 and R2). In other words, wheels 12 and 22 rotate counter-clockwise.

[0036] As shown in the figure 3 , wheel 12 has a tooth 13a longer than the other teeth 13, while wheel 22 has a groove 23a formed between two teeth 23. The tooth 13a and the positioning groove 23a can have different shapes without going out of the scope of the invention.

[0037] In practice, the tooth 13a and the groove 23a coincide when the gear wheels 12 and 22 mesh, which allows the alignment of the cylinders 14 and 24, and therefore the precise balancing of the mechanism 1.

[0038] For example, gears 12 and 22 and cylinders 14 and 24 can be fitted with mounting holes arranged opposite each other, not shown in the various figures for the sake of simplicity. Thus, tooth 13a and groove 23a facilitate the alignment of these mounting holes.

[0039] In the context of the invention, the cylinders 14 and 24 are positioned precisely relative to each other and to the wheels 12 and 14, so that the moments M1 and M2 always have the same value and the same direction (clockwise or counterclockwise), regardless of the respective angular positions of the cylinders 14 and 24 around the axes A1 and A2.

[0040] The mass and dimensions of cylinders 14 and 24 are precisely determined, as they influence the position of the centers of gravity G1 and G2, and therefore the values ​​of the moments M1 and M2. The mass of each cylinder 14 and 24 is proportional to its dimensions, assuming constant density. Preferably, cylinders 14 and 24 have the same mass and dimensions. Alternatively, cylinders 14 and 24 may have different masses and dimensions, as long as the moments M1 and M2 have the same value and the same direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) regardless of their respective angular positions.

[0041] The starting device 40 of mechanism 1 is designed to initiate the rotation R1 and R2 of assemblies 10 and 20, from an equilibrium state of mechanism 1. The device 40 can have any configuration adapted to the intended application.

[0042] For example figures 1 and 2The device 40 comprises a motor 41, a belt 42, a transmission shaft 43, a toothed wheel 44, a toothed chain 45 and a toothed wheel 46. The motor 41 is located on the upright 7 of the base 3. The shaft 43 is supported at its ends by the base 3 and is free to rotate about an axis A3, which is vertically aligned with the upper joints of the connecting rods 5. The axis A3 is arranged horizontally, parallel to the axes A1 and A2. The belt 42 connects the motor 41 to the shaft 43. The wheel 44 is fixed to the rotation of the shaft 43, while the wheel 46 is fixed to the rotation of the shaft 21. Alternatively, the wheel 46 can be fixed to the rotation of the shaft 11. The chain 45 connects the wheels 44 and 46, the center distance of which is equal to the center distance of the connecting rods 5.Alternatively, the gears 44 and 46 and the chain 45 can be replaced by a cardan shaft system, or any other motion transmission system suitable for the intended application. In this way, starting the motor 41 drives the assemblies 10 and 20 into rotation (R1 and R2).

[0043] As shown in particular at the figure 4The connecting rod 60 comprises a central body 61 connecting two heads 62 and 63 located at its longitudinal ends. Head 62 is mounted by pivot joint on a shaft 53 fixed to the base 3, on one of the feet 6. Head 63 is eccentrically shaped and mounted by eccentric pivot joint on shaft 21. Alternatively, according to a different configuration of mechanism 1, head 63 can be mounted by eccentric pivot joint on shaft 11. The rotating head 62 and the eccentric head 63 each comprise an annular portion 64 in which a bearing 65 is housed. Alternatively, this annular portion 64 can include any type of bearing suitable for the intended application. Each bearing 65 comprises an outer ring 651, an inner ring 652, and a row of balls 653.

[0044] The rotating head 62 includes an annular sleeve 66, having an orifice 67 for receiving the shaft 53. The sleeve 66 is fixed to the shaft 53 and is free to rotate in the bearing 64.

[0045] The eccentric head 63 includes an eccentric sleeve 68, having an eccentric orifice 69 for receiving the shaft 21. The sleeve 68 is fixed to the shaft 21 and free to rotate in the bearing 64.

[0046] Alternatively, connecting rod 60 can be shaped differently without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0047] The connecting rod 60 absorbs the pushing or pulling forces generated by the balance wheel 4 during the operation of the mechanism 1. In addition, the connecting rod 60 stiffens the mechanism 1 and allows a significant reduction in vibrations.

[0048] In practice, the movement of mechanism 1 allows energy to be recovered at the shaft 43, for example by coupling this shaft 43 to a generator. Alternatively, the motor 41 can be configured as a motor-generator, designed to supply energy when starting mechanism 1, and then recover energy when mechanism 1 is running. The shaft 43 thus constitutes an energy recovery shaft.

[0049] In an alternative not shown, mechanism 1 may be without the motor 41 and belt 42 that constitute starting means. In this case, the mechanism 1 can be started by simply pushing on one side of the rocker arm 4, or on one of the cylinders 14 and 24. The energy required to start the mechanism 1 is very low. Preferably, the mechanism 1 still includes elements 43, 44, 45, and 46.

[0050] To allow the correct operation of the mechanism 1, the distance between the distal end of each cylinder 14 and 24 and its axis of rotation A1 or A2 is less than the center distance between the joints of the connecting rods 5, so that the cylinders 14 and 24 can pass under the transmission shaft 43.

[0051] THE figures 5 to 12 illustrate the operation of mechanism 1 on a revolution. In particular, the figures 5 to 8 illustrate a half-turn during which cylinders 14 and 24 are mobile on the right side of the balance wheel 4, while the figures 9 to 12 illustrate a half-turn during which cylinders 14 and 24 are mobile on the left side of the balance wheel 4.

[0052] There figure 5 Figure 1 shows cylinder 14 positioned upwards and cylinder 24 positioned downwards. Mechanism 1 is in equilibrium. Wheels 12 and 22 are stationary. Moments M1 and M2 are zero.

[0053] At this stage, device 40 initiates the movement of mechanism 1, engaging wheels 12 and 22, so that cylinders 14 and 24 are both moved to the right. The tilting of cylinder 14 helps wheel 12 rotate in the direction of rotation R1, which in turn drives wheel 22 in the direction of rotation R2, thus raising cylinder 24.

[0054] There figure 6 shows cylinders 14 and 24 having each completed one-eighth of a turn on the right side. figure 7 shows cylinders 14 and 24 having each completed a quarter turn to the right. figure 8 This shows cylinders 14 and 24 having each completed three-quarters of a turn clockwise. At every instant, the moments M1 and M2 have the same magnitude and the same direction (clockwise). Under the action of cylinders 14 and 24, the rocker arm 4 is driven clockwise and upwards. A thrust force is then transmitted by the connecting rod 60 to the shaft 53.

[0055] There figure 9 shows cylinders 14 and 24 having each completed half a turn relative to their initial position of the figure 5 Cylinder 14 is positioned downwards, while cylinder 24 is positioned upwards. The moments M1 and M2 are zero. Wheels 12 and 22 are in motion, so both cylinders 14 and 24 will be displaced to the right. The tilting of cylinder 24 helps wheel 22 to rotate in the direction of rotation R2, which in turn helps wheel 22 to rotate in the direction of rotation R1, thus raising cylinder 14.

[0056] There Figure 10 shows cylinders 14 and 24 having each completed one-eighth of a turn on the left side. figure 11 shows cylinders 14 and 24 having each completed a quarter turn to the left. figure 12This shows cylinders 14 and 24, each having completed three-quarters of a turn to the left. At every instant, the moments M1 and M2 have the same magnitude and the same direction (counterclockwise). Under the action of cylinders 14 and 24, the rocker arm 4 is driven to the left and downwards. A traction force is then transmitted by the connecting rod 60 to the shaft 53.

[0057] As assemblies 10 and 20 rotate around axes A1 and A2, cylinders 14 and 24 are thus positioned alternately on the right and left sides. In practice, the rotation R1 and R2 of cylinders 14 and 24 generates centrifugal forces within mechanism 1. The balance wheel 4 moves alternately to the right and upwards, and to the left and downwards, while being suspended from the base 3 by connecting rods 5 inclined at 45 degrees. The balance wheel 4 describes a swaying motion with both a vertical and a horizontal component. Consequently, cylinders 14 and 24 follow an elliptical motion instead of a circular one.

[0058] Mechanism 1 follows a two-stage oscillatory motion. Centrifugal forces are at their maximum when cylinders 14 and 24 cross, on the figures 7 And 11 Each time corresponds to a half turn (180°) of cylinders 14 and 24, between their positions of maximum centrifugation.

[0059] The inclination of the connecting rods 5 allows the center of gravity of the mechanism 1 to be modified, compared to connecting rods 5 that would be arranged vertically in equilibrium. The thrust or tension energy of the balance wheel 4 is much greater than the initial force driving the rotation of the cylinders 14 and 24. Once the mechanism 1 is in motion, the centrifugal energy generated by the cylinders 14 and 24 is much greater than the thrust or tension energy of the balance wheel 4.

[0060] In light of the explanations above, it is noteworthy that for each angular position of the gears 12 and 22 and the cylinders 14 and 24 around the axes A1 and A2, the mechanism 1 exhibits a rest equilibrium configuration. In other words, considering the mechanism 1 at rest in any angular position of the assemblies 10 and 20, the mechanism 1 is in a rest configuration. The mechanism 1 is balanced, which significantly reduces the energy required to rotate the assemblies 10 and 20.

[0061] Other embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures 13 to 24 . Some constituent elements of mechanism 1 are comparable to those of the first embodiment described above and, for the sake of simplification, bear the same numerical references.

[0062] THE figures 13 to 16illustrate the operation of a mechanism 1 conforming to a second embodiment. Axes A1 and A2 are parallel to each other and horizontal. However, axes A1 and A2 are arranged in a reference plane P0 which is vertical. The eccentric elements 14 and 24 consist of elongated arms and not cylinders.

[0063] In this embodiment also, the arms 14 and 24 are positioned precisely relative to each other and to the wheels 12 and 14, so that the moments M1 and M2 always have the same value and the same direction (clockwise or counterclockwise), regardless of the respective angular positions of the arms 14 and 24 around the axes A1 and A2.

[0064] Only the positioning of arms 14 and 24 on the right side is illustrated in figures 13 to 16 , while the positioning of arms 14 and 24 on the left side is not illustrated, for the sake of simplification.

[0065] There figure 17illustrates a variant of coupling the connecting rod 60 with the shaft 21. The eccentric head 63 consists of a conventional rotating head 62 and an eccentric piece 70 interposed between the shaft 21 and the head 62.

[0066] The part 70 comprises an elongated body 71 and a cylindrical crankpin 72 fixed to the body 71. An opening 73 is formed in the body 71. The shaft 21 is disposed in the opening 73 and secured to the body 71, for example by means of a key 74 or by any other means. The shaft 21 and the opening 73 are centered on the axis A2. The crankpin 72 is disposed in the opening 67 of the sleeve 66, centered on an axis A0. This axis A0 constitutes the axis of rotation of the axis A2 during the movement of the mechanism 1.

[0067] There figure 18 illustrates the operation of a mechanism 1 conforming to a third embodiment.

[0068] The rotating head 62 of the connecting rod 60 is mounted in a pivot joint on the shaft 21, while the eccentric head 63 is mounted in an eccentric pivot joint on the shaft 53 fixed to the base 3. Alternatively, according to a different configuration of the mechanism 1, the head 62 can be mounted in a pivot joint on the shaft 22.

[0069] In this embodiment, the movement of mechanism 1 allows energy to be recovered at the level of the shaft 53, for example by coupling this shaft 53 to a generator 58. The shaft 53 thus constitutes an energy recovery shaft.

[0070] In practice, a single mechanism 1 can constitute a motor. However, it is preferable to build a motor by combining several synchronized mechanisms 1, as detailed below.

[0071] THE figures 19 And 20illustrate an example of a rotary machine according to the invention, of the two-stroke engine type. The engine comprises two mechanisms 1, each equipped with its own rocker arm 4. The mechanisms 1 are arranged in series, that is to say, aligned in line with each other, in the direction of movement of the rocker arms 4.

[0072] The base 3 is common to both mechanisms 1. In other words, the base 3 supports each of the pendulums 4 suspended in series. The base 3 comprises four lateral feet 6 and two central feet 6. The suspension rods 5 are inclined at 45 degrees, so that the pendulums 4 are close to the central feet 6. The eccentric elements 14 and 24 are extended arms.

[0073] Each mechanism 1 includes its own transmission shaft 43, having an axis aligned A3 with the upper joints of the connecting rods 5. In contrast, only one crank 141 is required for starting the mechanisms 1. Alternatively, the crank 141 can be replaced by a motor 41, or the machine can be devoid of means for starting the mechanisms 1.

[0074] The machine includes an intermediate device 50 between the devices 40 of the two mechanisms 1. This device 50 can be used for the transmission of motion between the two devices 40, as well as for energy recovery.

[0075] For example figures 19 And 20The device 50 comprises two toothed wheels 51, two toothed chains 52, a shaft 53, and two toothed wheels 54. The shaft 53 is supported at its ends by the base 3, specifically by the two central feet 6 of the base 3. The shaft 53 is free to rotate about an axis A4, which is arranged horizontally, parallel to the axes A1, A2, and A3. The wheels 51 are fixed for rotation to the shafts 43 of the two mechanisms 1, while the wheels 54 are fixed for rotation to the shaft 53. The chains 52 connect the wheels 51 and the wheels 54.

[0076] Each mechanism 1 includes a connecting rod 60 having a rotating head 62 mounted on the shaft 21 and an eccentric head 63 mounted on the shaft 53.

[0077] When the machine is in operation, the two mechanisms 1 work in opposition. Simultaneously, the rocker arms 4 exert sometimes a pushing force, sometimes a pulling force, on the shaft 53.

[0078] The movement of mechanisms 1 allows energy to be recovered at the level of the tree 53, for example by coupling this tree 53 to a generator 58. The tree 53 then constitutes an energy recovery tree.

[0079] The inclination of the connecting rods 5 allows the center of gravity of the mechanisms 1 to be modified, compared to connecting rods 5 that would be arranged vertically in equilibrium. The thrust or tension energy of the rocker arms 4 is much greater than the initial rotational driving force of the eccentric elements 14 and 24. Once the mechanisms 1 are in motion, the centrifugal energy generated by the eccentric elements 14 and 24 is much greater than the thrust or tension energy of the rocker arms 4.

[0080] There figure 21 illustrates a second example of a machine according to the invention, corresponding to a variant of the figures 19 And 20 .

[0081] The device 50 comprises two toothed wheels 51 and a toothed chain 52. The wheels 51 are mounted rotationally fixed to the shafts 43, while the chain 52 connects the wheels 51 of the two mechanisms 1.

[0082] Tree 53 is fixed to the central feet 6 and does not belong to device 50.

[0083] Each mechanism 1 includes a connecting rod 60 having a rotating head 62 mounted on the shaft 53 and an eccentric head 63 mounted on the shaft 21.

[0084] The movement of mechanisms 1 allows energy to be recovered at the level of trees 43. For example, the figure 21 , the shaft 43 of the right-hand mechanism 1 is coupled to a generator 58. Alternatively, the motor 41 can be configured as a motor-generator, designed to supply power when starting the machine, and then recover power when the machine is running.

[0085] There figure 22illustrates a third example of a machine conforming to the invention, also corresponding to a variant of the figures 19 And 20 .

[0086] The machine includes a connecting rod 160 common to both mechanisms 1. This connecting rod 160 includes a central rotating head 62 mounted in pivot joint on the shaft 53, and two eccentric end heads 63 mounted in eccentric pivot joint on the shafts 21 of the two mechanisms 1.

[0087] There figure 23 illustrates a fourth example of a machine conforming to the invention, also corresponding to a variant of the figures 19 And 20 .

[0088] The suspension connecting rods 5 are inclined at 45 degrees, so that the rocker arms 4 are further away from the central feet 6. Consequently, the chains 45 and 52, as well as the connecting rods 60, are longer. The shaft 53 acts as an energy recovery shaft.

[0089] There figure 24illustrates a fifth example of a rotary machine according to the invention, of the four-stroke engine type. The engine comprises four mechanisms 1 according to the invention, each equipped with its own rocker arm 4.

[0090] The motor comprises two pairs of mechanisms 1. Within each pair, the mechanisms 1 are arranged in series and synchronized. The pairs are arranged in parallel and synchronized with each other.

[0091] The base 3, not shown for the sake of simplicity, is common to all mechanisms 1.

[0092] The engine includes two drive shafts, not shown for the sake of simplicity. One drive shaft is coupled to the parallel mechanisms on the left side, and the other drive shaft is coupled to the parallel mechanisms on the right side.

[0093] Advantageously, the machine includes a unique 53 energy recovery shaft.

[0094] In practice, the four arms 14 are arranged with a quarter-turn offset from each other. Similarly, the four arms 24 are arranged with a quarter-turn offset from each other. Thus, the motor always has the same number of arms 14 or 24 on the left or right side, which improves its efficiency. Each stroke corresponds to a quarter-turn (90°) rotation of the mechanisms 1.

[0095] When two mechanisms 1 have zero moments M1 and M2, the other two mechanisms 1 are in positions of maximum centrifugation, respectively on the left and right sides. The energy generated is maximum in these positions of maximum centrifugation. Since the four mechanisms 1 never have zero moments M1 and M2 simultaneously, the engine has no dead spot. Advantageously, each position of maximum centrifugation corresponds to a gas combustion in the engine.

[0096] According to an unrepresented variant, the rotating machine comprises eight mechanisms 1, arranged in four pairs of mechanisms 1 in series, the pairs being arranged in parallel. During one revolution, the machine produces a thrust every eighth of a revolution (45°) of the mechanisms 1.

[0097] Other variants can be implemented without departing from the scope of the invention. The dimensions of the constituent elements of the machine, for example the base 3 and the transmission shaft 43, vary according to the number of mechanisms 1.

[0098] To obtain the best results and efficiency, it is important that each rocker arm 4 be positioned in a strictly horizontal plane. The same applies to the axes A1 and A2 of the gear wheels 12 and 22, which must be located in a strictly horizontal or vertical plane P0, depending on the configuration of the mechanism 1.

[0099] On the figures 1 to 24Some movements and distances are exaggerated for the sake of simplification.

[0100] In practice, mechanism 1 and the machine can be configured differently from figures 1 to 24 without going outside the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. Mechanism (1), comprising: - a support (2) including a base (3), a pendulum (4) suspended on the base (3), and connecting suspension rods (5) articulated on the base (3) and on the pendulum (4); - a first cog wheel (12) mobile in rotation (R1) in relation to the support (2) around a first axis (A1); - a second mobile cog wheel (22) in rotation (R2) in relation to the support (2) around a second axis (A2); - a first eccentric element (14) integral with the first cog wheel (12) in rotation (R1) and generating a first moment (M1) of gravity force (P1) around the first axis (A1); - a second eccentric element (24) integral with the second cog wheel (22) in rotation (R2) and generating a second moment (M2) of gravity force (P2) around the second axis (A2); and - a connecting rod (60; 160) comprising a rotary head (62) mounted as a pivot link on a first shaft and an eccentric head (63) mounted as an eccentric pivot link on a second shaft; wherein: - the axis (A1; A2) are parallel within a horizontal or vertical reference plane (P0); and - the pendulum (4) supports the axis (A1; A2) of the cog wheels (12; 22) and of the eccentric elements (14; 24); - the connecting suspension rods (5) are slanting in accordance with an angle comprised between 45 degrees and 80 degrees in relation to a vertical plane; - for the connecting link rod (60; 160), the first shaft is either a shaft (11; 21) supporting one of the cog wheels (12; 22), or a shaft (53) fixed on the base (3), whereas the second shaft is the other shaft among the shaft (11; 21) supporting one of the cog wheels (12; 22) and the shaft (53) fixed on the base (3); - the cog wheels (12; 22) engage one with the other using a unitary transmission ratio and are mobile in rotation (R1; R2) in opposing directions; - when the mechanism (1) is in operation, the eccentric elements (14; 24) follow an elliptical movement, whereas the pendulum (4) follows a travel movement having a vertical component and a horizontal component; - the moments (M1; M2) of gravity force (P1; P2) of the eccentric elements (14; 24) have a same value and a same direction, both being variable depending on their angular position around the axis (A1; A2); - for each angular position of the cog wheels (12; 22) and of the eccentric elements (14; 24) around the axis (A1; A2), the mechanism (1) presents an equilibrium configuration at rest.

2. A mechanism (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the connecting suspension rods (5) are slanted according to an angle of 45 degrees in relation to a vertical plan.

3. A mechanism (1) according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the eccentric elements (14; 24) have a same mass and same dimensions.

4. A mechanism (1) according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the eccentric elements (14; 24) are of cylindrical shape.

5. A mechanism (1) according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the cog wheels (12; 22) comprise a first wheel (12) having a cog (13a) longer than the other cogs (13) and a second wheel (22) having a groove (23a) formed between two cogs (23), and in that the longer cog (13a) and the groove (23a) coincide when the cog wheels (12; 22) engage, thereby enabling alignment of the eccentric elements (14, 24).

6. A mechanism (1) according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that it comprises a transmission shaft (43) having an axis aligned with the upper articulations of the connecting suspension rods (5).

7. A mechanism (1) according to claim 6, characterised in that a first distance is defined between the distal end of each eccentric element (14; 24) and the corresponding rotation axis (A1; A2), in that a second distance equal to the centre-to-centre distance of the connecting suspension rods (5) linking the pendulum (4) to the base (3), and in that the first distance is less than the second distance, in order for the eccentric elements (14; 24) to pass under the transmission shaft (43).

8. A mechanism (1) according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that it comprises start-up means (40), including for example a chain or a gearing system, designed to drive one of the cog wheels (12; 22) into rotation (R1; R2).

9. A mechanism (1) according to claim 8, characterised in that the start-up means (40) comprise a motor (41).

10. A mechanism (1) according to claim 8, characterised in that the start-up means (40) comprise a crank (141).

11. A mechanism (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it is void of dedicated start-up means for the mechanism or mechanisms (1), and that the start-up of the mechanism or mechanisms (1) is doable by a simple push on the pendulum or pendulums (4) or on one of the eccentric elements (14; 24).

12. A mechanism (1) according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that it comprises energy-collection means (58; 41) in operation, for example in the form of a generator (58) or of a motor-generator (41).

13. A mechanism (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the axis (A1; A2) of the cog wheels (12; 22) are horizontal, and the reference plane (P0) is horizontal.

14. A mechanism (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the axis (A1; A2) of the cog wheels (12; 22) are horizontal, and the reference plane (P0) is vertical.

15. A rotating machine, characterised in that the machine comprises at least one mechanism (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 14.

16. A rotating machine according to claim 15, characterised in that the machine is an internal combustion motor, and that the eccentric elements (14; 24) equipping the mechanism (1) join up in two maximal centrifugation positions, each one corresponding to a combustion of gas inside the motor.

17. A rotating machine according to one of the claims 15 and 16, characterised in that the machine comprises at least one pair of mechanisms (1) placed in series and synchronised.

18. A rotating machine according to one of the claims 15 to 17, characterised in that the machine comprises several pairs of mechanisms (1), placed in series and synchronised within each pair, the pairs being placed in parallel and synchronised among themselves.

19. A rotating machine according to one of the claims 15 to 17, characterised in that the machine is a two-stroke motor comprising two mechanisms (1), in that the first two eccentric elements (14) are placed at half-turn intervals, and in that the second two eccentric elements (24) are placed at half-turn intervals.

20. A rotating machine according to one of the claims 15 to 18, characterised in that the machine is a four-stroke motor comprising four mechanisms (1), in that the first four eccentric elements (14) are placed at quarter-turn intervals, and in that the second four eccentric elements (24) are placed at quarter-turn intervals.

21. A rotating machine according to one of the claims 15 to 20, characterised in that the base (3) is common to all the pendulums (4).

22. An implementation method of a mechanism (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterised in that it comprises the following successive steps: - a positioning step of the eccentric elements (14; 24) one in relation to the other and in relation to the cog wheels (12; 22), in order that the moments (M1; M2) of gravity force (P1; P2) of the eccentric elements (14; 24) have a same value and a same direction, both being variable depending on their angular position around the axis (A1; A2), and that for each angular position of the cog wheels (12; 22) and of the eccentric elements (14; 24) around the axis (A1; A2), the mechanism (1) presents an equilibrium configuration at rest; - a rotation (R1; R2) start-up step of the cog wheels (12; 22) and of the eccentric elements (14; 24) around the axis (A1; A2), wherein the mechanism (1) quits the equilibrium configuration and sets in motion; and - an operating step, wherein the rotation (R1; R2) of the eccentric elements (14; 24) around the axis (A1; A2) generates centrifugal force within the mechanism (1), the eccentric elements (14; 24) following an elliptical movement, whereas the pendulum (4) follows a travel movement having a vertical component and a horizontal component.