METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OBTAINING WATER FROM AMBIENT AIR

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for obtaining water from ambient air according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises at least the following process steps: contacting the ambient air with at least one liquid absorbent for the absorption of at least a part of the water contained in the ambient air; conveying an absorbent diluted by the absorbed water to a first heat exchanger and transferring the diluted absorbent to at least one desorption device.The invention further relates to a device for extracting water from ambient air according to claim 9, comprising at least one device for applying and / or directing a liquid absorbent onto and / or to a first absorption structure, wherein the first absorption structure is configured to absorb at least a portion of the water contained in the ambient air; at least one conveying device for conveying an absorbent diluted by the absorbed water to a first heat exchanger; and at least one desorption device.

[0002] Numerous methods and devices for extracting water from ambient air are known. In particular, absorption processes are well-known in dehumidification technology. In these processes, moisture from the air is absorbed by so-called liquid desiccants, for example, concentrated, hygroscopic salt solutions. Lithium chloride is one example of a highly hygroscopic salt. Subsequently, some of the water is removed from the salt solution by heating, vacuum distillation, reverse osmosis, or similar methods, allowing the solution to be reused for dehumidifying the air. This process is offered industrially, for example, by the company Kathabar (see http: / / www.kathabar.com / liquid-desiccant / system-features-benefits). Other systems are offered on the market under the name "Ducool" (see http: / / icogen-sa.(See com / deshumidificadores-ener-g,-ducool-separador / caracter%C3%ADsticas-de-la-serie-du-handling.html) process air is directed by a blower through a honeycomb structure saturated with a salt solution, where water vapor from the air is absorbed by the cool, concentrated salt solution. A separate regeneration airflow is then passed through the honeycomb structure saturated with warm salt solution. During this process, some of the water evaporates from the salt solution, and the water vapor is carried away by the regeneration air. The methods described above can be used to construct an atmospheric water generator, where the goal is dehumidification rather than the extraction of liquid water from the ambient air. From WO 2009 / 135618 A1, a method and a corresponding device for obtaining water from ambient air with the features of the preambles of the respective independent claims are known.

[0003] All the aforementioned methods and devices have a disadvantageous high energy consumption, particularly of electrical energy. If the known atmospheric water generators were powered exclusively by renewable energy, for example in desert regions, this would necessitate a very large area of ​​photovoltaic modules, resulting in correspondingly high costs per liter of water produced. Therefore, to date, the operation of known systems with evaporation devices relies on heat from the following sources: combustion of fossil fuels, with the well-known environmental drawbacks; conventional thermal solar modules, often even with vacuum tubes to achieve sufficiently high temperatures and with correspondingly high system costs; and condensation heat from the so-called vapor compression process, which in turn requires a significant amount of electrical energy.From DE 10 2013 013214 A, a device for obtaining water from atmospheric air is known using a free-flowing sorbent for water sorption. In this device, sorption with the free-flowing sorbent is carried out along a sorption path, with a sorbent diluted with absorbed water being provided at the end of the sorption path. Furthermore, a separation unit for at least partially separating the absorbed water from the free-flowing sorbent is described. The separation unit comprises at least one evaporator for evaporating the absorbed water and at least one vacuum compressor for pressurizing the diluted sorbent. WO 2005 / 072850 A1 discloses a method for obtaining water from atmospheric air.

[0004] The heat generated during the condensation of the water following the evaporation / distillation of the salt solution must be dissipated into the environment. Conventional systems use heat exchangers for this purpose, typically gas-to-gas heat exchangers, such as plate heat exchangers (cross-flow or counter-flow heat exchangers), or cooling devices, which in turn increase system costs.

[0005] It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a generic method and a generic device which are simpler and more cost-effective to operate or manufacture and require less energy input than known methods and devices.

[0006] To solve these problems, a generic method according to the features of claim 1 and a device according to the features of claim 9 are used. Advantageous embodiments with expedient further developments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims, wherein advantageous embodiments of the method are to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the device and vice versa.

[0007] An inventive method for obtaining water from ambient air comprises at least the following process steps: contacting the ambient air with at least one liquid absorbent for the absorption of at least a portion of the water contained in the ambient air; conveying an absorbent diluted by the absorbed water to a first heat exchanger and heating the diluted absorbent by means of the first heat exchanger; transferring the diluted absorbent to at least one desorption device, wherein desorpted water is conveyed to the first heat exchanger and the desorpted water is cooled by means of the diluted absorbent by means of the first heat exchanger.The inventive method enables the cooling of both the desorpted water and the desorption device by removing the heated desorpted water and, if necessary, returning at least a portion of the cooled desorpted water to the desorption device. Furthermore, the diluted absorbent is heated in the first heat exchanger before being transferred to the desorption device. Advantageously, separate cooling devices are therefore unnecessary. This makes the method simple and cost-effective to operate and requires less energy than known methods. The term "liquid absorbent" refers to any type of liquid desiccant that leads to the absorption of at least a portion of the water contained in the ambient air into the absorbent.The liquid absorbents can be, in particular, salt solutions, such as a lithium chloride solution. The term "pumping" refers to both active pumping, for example using at least one pump, and gravity pumping.

[0008] In further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention, the ambient air is brought into contact with the liquid absorbent by spraying the absorbent into the ambient air or by passing the ambient air through an absorption structure impregnated with the absorbent. This ensures that the ambient air is brought into contact with the liquid absorbent over a large area. If an absorption structure impregnated with the absorbent is used, honeycomb structures or other large-area structures are employed over which the absorbent can flow and which are permeated and / or surrounded by the ambient air. Other structures are also conceivable, provided that care is always taken to ensure that the ambient air is brought into contact with the liquid absorbent over a large area.The aforementioned process steps ensure the greatest possible absorption of the water contained in the ambient air.

[0009] In further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention, the absorbent diluted by the absorbed water is additionally heated by means of at least one heating device, wherein the heating device(s) is / are arranged upstream and / or downstream and / or outside and / or inside the desorption device. Heating the diluted absorbent increases the efficiency of the desorption of the absorbed water within the desorption device. This allows the amount of water recovered from the ambient air to be significantly increased. The heating devices can be arranged upstream of, and thus outside of, the desorption device in the flow direction of the diluted absorbent and / or inside the desorption device. It is also possible for the heating device to comprise at least one second heat exchanger arranged between the first heat exchanger and the desorption device.This second heat exchanger is connected on one side to a heat source and on the other side to the pipes or hoses that carry the diluted absorbent. In particular, the second heat exchanger can be operatively connected to at least one solar module and / or at least one hose system containing a heat transfer fluid. In the process according to the invention, the aforementioned heat exchangers, solar modules, and / or pipe systems for heat transfer fluids can be used as heating devices. The use of these heating devices, particularly through the use of renewable energies, ensures an overall low energy consumption and thus a cost-effective process. The possibility of arranging at least one heating device in the desorption device also leads to a significantly increased water yield.

[0010] According to the invention, the heated and diluted absorbent is fed into at least one evaporation structure in the desorption device, whereby at least a portion of the water contained in the heated, diluted absorbent evaporates at and / or within the evaporation structure. The evaporation structure is designed such that a large surface area of ​​the water contained in the heated, diluted absorbent evaporates. For example, honeycomb structures can also be used for the evaporation structure. Since the evaporation structure has a large surface area, the evaporation of the water contained in the diluted and heated absorbent can occur at relatively low temperatures.The previously described heating of the water from the ambient air absorbed in the first absorption structure can therefore be achieved using relatively inexpensive thermal solar modules or the other heating devices described above. Expensive high-temperature solar modules or other costly arrangements for improving the evaporation rate at the evaporation structure can advantageously be omitted. Furthermore, the water evaporated by the evaporation structure is fed to at least one condensation structure, also located in the desorption device and saturated with water, for condensation of the water vapor and recovery of desorpted water. The supply of the evaporated water to the condensation structure can be effected by means of a natural and / or artificially generated airflow.However, it is also possible for the evaporated water to be supplied to the condensation structure via natural diffusion. Furthermore, a negative pressure can be created within the desorption device to assist in supplying the evaporated water to the condensation structure. These measures ensure that the water evaporated at the evaporation structure is supplied to the condensation structure easily and, in particular, without significant energy expenditure. With a naturally generated airflow, no additional energy is required. Even with a mechanically generated airflow, such as that produced by a blower, the additional energy expenditure is minimal. The same applies to creating a negative pressure within the desorption device.These measures ensure, according to the invention, that at least a large proportion of the evaporated water condenses on the condensation structure and can be discharged as liquid water from the desorption device. The condensation structure, in turn, has the largest possible surface area, as is achieved, for example, by a honeycomb structure. However, other structures are also conceivable.

[0011] In further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention, the condensation structure is at least partially saturated with desorpted water cooled by the first heat exchanger. This increases the condensation rate of the water vapor at the condensation structure. Furthermore, it is possible to concentrate the dilute absorbent at the evaporation structure to obtain a concentrated absorbent, wherein the concentrated absorbent is supplied to the absorption structure with or without the interposition of a third heat exchanger. If the third heat exchanger is arranged and used downstream of the first heat exchanger in the flow direction of the dilute absorbent, it provides additional heating of the dilute absorbent before it enters the desorption device.By using this existing heat source, the need for external heat sources is avoided or at least reduced, so that the process can be operated in an extremely cost-effective and energy-efficient manner.

[0012] In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least a portion of the desorpted water is removed from the system circuit upstream and / or downstream of the first heat exchanger via at least one suitable device. This prevents the amount of water in the system from continuously increasing due to the ongoing condensation of water in the desorption device. To prevent the water circuit from overflowing, at least a portion of this desorpted water is removed continuously or at predetermined times.

[0013] The present invention further relates to a device for extracting water from ambient air, wherein the device comprises at least one device for applying and / or conveying a liquid absorbent onto and / or to an absorption structure, the absorption structure being configured to absorb at least a portion of the water contained in the ambient air. The device also comprises at least one conveying device for conveying an absorbent diluted by the absorbed water to a first heat exchanger and at least one desorption device. According to the invention, the first heat exchanger is connected to the desorption device via a liquid conductor such that the water desorbed in the desorption device is cooled by means of the diluted absorbent.The inventive design of the device provides cost-effective cooling of the water desorbed in the desorption device and thus of the desorption device itself. According to the invention, additional cooling devices, for example on or in the desorption device, are unnecessary. This allows the inventive device to be manufactured cost-effectively and simply, and also requires less energy. As already explained, the term "liquid absorbent" is used for all types of liquid desiccants that can serve to absorb at least some of the water contained in the ambient air. The liquid absorbent can, for example, be a hygroscopic salt solution. The term "pumping" refers to active pumping, for example by means of at least one pump, but also to pumping by gravity.In addition, the first heat exchanger provides an initial heating of the diluted absorbent.

[0014] In further advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention, the device comprises at least one further heating device for heating the diluted absorbent, wherein the heating device(s) is / are arranged upstream and / or downstream and / or outside and / or inside the desorption device. The additional heating of the diluted absorbent, which is advantageously already heated by the first heat exchanger, facilitates and accelerates the desorption of water within the diluted absorbent. According to the invention, this results in a significant increase in the proportion of water recovered from the ambient air. The heating devices can, in particular, comprise heat exchangers, solar modules, and / or piping systems for heat transfer fluids. These types of heating devices can be operated in a particularly energy-efficient manner.For example, the heating device may include at least one second heat exchanger arranged between the first heat exchanger and the desorption device, wherein the second heat exchanger is connected to the first heat exchanger and to the desorption device via a fluid-conducting connection. The second heat exchanger may, in particular, be in operative connection with at least one heating device, such as at least one solar module and / or at least one hose system containing a heat transfer fluid.

[0015] In the device according to the invention, at least one evaporation structure is formed in the desorption device, wherein at least a portion of the water of a heated and diluted absorbent supplied to the desorption device evaporates at and / or within the evaporation structure. The evaporation structure ensures reliable desorption of the water bound in the heated and diluted absorbent. Furthermore, at least one water-impregnated condensation structure is formed in the desorption device for condensing the water evaporated by the evaporation structure and for obtaining desorpted water. The desorption device can also include means for transporting the water evaporated by the evaporation structure to the condensation structure. Such transport means can, for example, be implemented by a blower within the desorption device.However, the device may also include means for generating a negative pressure within the desorption unit. These configurations of the desorption unit ensure, on the one hand, the desorption of the water bound in the aforementioned diluted absorbent via evaporation, and on the other hand, the condensation of the resulting water vapor on the condensation structure. This guarantees reliable extraction of water from the ambient air. Furthermore, the inclusion of at least one heating device within the desorption unit to further heat the supplied, heated, and diluted absorbent significantly increases its desorption and thus the evaporation rate of the bound water on the evaporation structure.The means for transporting water vapor from the evaporation structure to the condensation structure, as well as the means for generating a vacuum in the desorption device, accelerate the supply of water vapor to the condensation structure. Both the evaporation and condensation structures are designed to provide a large surface area. Honeycomb structures can be used for this purpose, but other structures are also conceivable. The large surface area increases the yield of water vapor or water at both the evaporation and condensation structures. Furthermore, it ensures that the aforementioned processes can be carried out efficiently at relatively low temperatures.

[0016] In a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, it comprises at least one piping system, wherein the piping system is designed such that the condensation structure is at least partially saturated with desorpted water cooled by the first heat exchanger. By at least partially recirculating the desorpted water from the ambient air, additional water sources can be dispensed with. This ensures cost-effective extraction of water from the ambient air.

[0017] In further advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention, it comprises at least one piping system, wherein this piping system is designed such that concentrated absorbent flowing from the desorption device is supplied to the first absorption structure with or without the interposition of a third heat exchanger. Advantageously, the aforementioned piping system can also close the flow cycle of the absorbent, allowing it to be reused multiple times. This results in significant cost savings. If the third heat exchanger is interposed, it is arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger in the flow direction of the diluted absorbent, and the third heat exchanger further heats the diluted absorbent before it enters the desorption device.This allows the heat from the concentrated absorbent flowing out of the desorption device to be used for additional heating of the diluted absorbent. The device can therefore be operated extremely energy-efficiently.

[0018] In a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the device comprises at least one device for extracting the desorpted water from the system circuit. This extraction device can be arranged upstream and / or downstream of the first heat exchanger. The at least partial extraction of the desorpted water ensures, on the one hand, that the water circuit in the device does not overflow, and on the other hand, that the extracted water can be used for other purposes. The extraction of the desorpted water can be continuous or occur at predetermined times.

[0019] Further features of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the exemplary embodiment, and the drawing. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as those mentioned below in the exemplary embodiments, can be used not only in the combinations specified, but also in other combinations without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0020] The figure shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention.

[0021] The device 10 for extracting water from ambient air 14 comprises, in the illustrated embodiment, a device (not shown) for applying a liquid absorbent 16 to an absorption structure 12. A suitable pipe system with corresponding openings or valves, or comparable spray devices, can be used to apply the liquid absorbent 16. The liquid absorbent 16 is distributed, in particular, over the entire upper surface of the absorption structure 12, thus saturating it. The absorbent 16 then flows slowly into the lower regions of the absorption structure 12, where it flows out again and is collected by a suitable tray system (not shown). It can be seen that, in the illustrated embodiment, the absorption structure 12 has a honeycomb structure.This results in a very large surface area on which at least some of the water contained in the ambient air 14 can be absorbed. The absorption of the water from the ambient air 14 takes place in the liquid absorbent 16, whereby the resulting heat of condensation is immediately released back into the ambient air 14 by the absorbent 16 through the large surface area of ​​the honeycomb-shaped absorption structure 12. Through the absorption of water from the ambient air 14, the liquid absorbent 16 is diluted and emerges from the absorption structure 12 as a diluted absorbent 18.

[0022] In the illustrated embodiment, the ambient air 14 is brought into contact with the liquid absorbent 16 over a large area. The liquid absorbent 16 is, for example, a concentrated lithium chloride solution. The absorption structure 12 can be designed such that it can be installed outdoors and allowed to be circulated by natural wind. This saves energy and system costs, as no additional fans are required. However, if the natural wind conditions do not permit a sufficiently large flow of ambient air 14 through the absorption structure 12, appropriate aids, such as fans, can of course be used. The absorption structure 12 must be selected with suitable permeability, thickness, and size.Such structures are available very cost-effectively, for example in a robust and decomposition-resistant cardboard version, and are used nowadays, for example, in the evaporative cooling of chicken coops.

[0023] In the further description of the exemplary embodiment, the straight lines marked with arrows represent fluid lines, such as pipes or hoses, in which the fluids used in the device flow in the direction of the arrows. The necessary pumping devices are known to those skilled in the art and are shown in the figure only in one embodiment.

[0024] This refers to the conveying device or pump 48 for conveying the absorbent 18, diluted by the absorbed water, to a first heat exchanger 20. It can be seen that the first heat exchanger 20 is connected to a desorption device 30 via a piping system 54, such that the desorpted water 42 in the desorption device 30 is cooled by means of the diluted absorbent 18. Furthermore, the diluted absorbent 18 is initially heated via the first heat exchanger 20, since the desorpted water 42 coming from the desorption device 30 has a higher temperature than the diluted absorbent 18.

[0025] In the illustrated embodiment, the dilute absorbent 18 is fed to a further heat exchanger 24 after the first heat exchanger 20. The heat exchanger 24 serves to recover heat from a concentrated absorbent 38, which is returned to the heat exchanger 24 from the desorption device 30 via a piping system 52. The concentrated absorbent 38 has a higher temperature than the dilute absorbent 18 coming from the first heat exchanger 20. The concentrated absorbent 38 flowing out of the desorption device 30 is then fed back to the upper region of the absorption structure 12 in the direction of flow after the heat exchanger 24. This again occurs via the piping system 52.

[0026] In the next step, the diluted absorbent 18 is fed to a second heat exchanger 22, where it is heated by a heat transfer fluid from a heating device, namely a solar module 26 and a corresponding hose system 28 of the solar module 26. The now heated liquid absorbent 36 is then transferred – starting from the second heat exchanger 22 – via a pipe system 56 into a housing 46 of the desorption device 30. It can be seen that the heated, diluted absorbent 36 is fed to and saturates an evaporation structure 32, which is formed within the desorption device 30. The evaporation structure 32 is also honeycomb-shaped. At the evaporation structure 32, a portion of the heated, diluted absorbent 36 evaporates, forming water vapor.The water vapor released by the heated, diluted absorbent 36 is carried along by a regeneration airflow 40 and subsequently brought into contact within the housing 46 with a condensation structure 34, which is saturated with water. The condensation structure 34 serves to condense the water evaporated by the evaporation structure 32. It can be seen that the condensation structure 34 is also honeycomb-shaped to maximize its surface area. In an advantageous embodiment of the desorption device 30, the evaporation structure 32 and the condensation structure 34 are arranged very close to each other, for example, parallel to each other, so that the transport of the water vapor via the regeneration airflow 40 from the evaporation structure 32 to the condensation structure 34 can occur, for example, by natural diffusion and / or natural convection.This may eliminate the need for an additional fan, resulting in savings in electricity consumption and system costs. The regeneration air 40 always remains completely within the housing 46. The temperature of the heated, diluted salt solution 36 must be selected such that the partial pressure of the water vapor in the regeneration air 40 exceeds the saturation pressure at ambient temperature.

[0027] Since the water with which the condensation structure 34 is saturated has a temperature slightly above the ambient temperature and thus a significantly lower temperature than the heated, dilute salt solution 36, the water vapor from the regeneration air 40 condenses within the condensation structure 34 and thus serves to extract water from the ambient air 14. It can be seen that the heat released during the condensation of the water vapor is carried out of the condensation structure 34 via the desorpted water 42 and transferred to the dilute absorbent 18 by means of the first heat exchanger 20. This eliminates the need for a large and expensive air-to-air heat exchanger. Likewise, additional cooling devices or, for example, fans for cooling can be dispensed with, which in turn results in savings in electricity consumption and system costs.

[0028] Furthermore, it can be seen that the absorbent 38, which is concentrated again at the evaporation structure 32 due to the partial evaporation of the water, is carried out of the housing 46 of the desorbing device 30 via the piping system 52 and is transferred back to the absorption structure 12 via the third heat exchanger 24. The process cycle can therefore be repeated without further ado.

[0029] Furthermore, it is clear from the figure that, according to the illustrated embodiment, at least a portion of the desorpted water 42 is returned via a piping system 50 to an upper region of the condensation structure 34 in the desorption device 30. Since the desorpted water 42 has been cooled by the first heat exchanger 20, this cooled desorpted water is designated 44.

[0030] For the sake of simplicity, the above description of the exemplary embodiment depicts the entire mass flow of the absorbent 16, 18, 36, 38 or the water flowing through the entire circuit. The system can be operated in this manner and will achieve the illustrated result. However, it is clear to a person skilled in the art that, to optimize heat flows and depending on absorption and evaporation rates, it may be necessary to flow not the entire mass flow, but only a portion of the absorbent 16, 18, 36, 38 or the water through the entire circuit. Another portion of the absorbent 16, 18 can be transported, for example, from the lower to the upper region of the absorption structure 12 by means of a separate pump.Similarly, a portion of the heated, diluted absorbent 36 can be transported from a lower to an upper region of the evaporation structure 32, possibly partially passing through the second heat exchanger 22 to absorb further heat. Likewise, a portion of the desoprated water 42 can be transported from a lower to an upper region of the condensation structure 34. All of the above-mentioned mass flows or partial flows can also be routed at least partially past the second and / or third heat exchangers 22, 24 instead of through them. Furthermore, the volume flows of the cold and warm absorbent (e.g., by adjusting pump capacities) and the volume flows of the air streams (e.g., by adjusting the permeability of the honeycomb structures) can be adjusted.The present invention explicitly includes such possible combinations and variants for optimizing the overall system with regard to water yield and / or energy consumption and / or plant costs.

[0031] To produce drinking water from the desoprated water 42, a subsequent filtration and disinfection process or a mineralization process may be necessary. These processes are state-of-the-art. It should be noted that the concentrated absorbents or salt solutions proposed in the present invention already have a strong disinfecting effect. For simplicity, the mineralization of the water obtained from the air could be achieved by passing the water through a gravel bed.

[0032] Further embodiments of the device 10 for extracting water from the ambient air 14, which are not shown in the figure, are described below.

[0033] For example, the heated, diluted absorbent 36 can be reheated multiple times inside or outside the desorption device 30 by passing it through one or more heat exchangers after it has flowed over / through the evaporation structure 32. The heat exchanger(s) can be located inside or outside the housing 46 of the desorption device 30. One or more heating elements for the absorbent 36 can also be installed inside the housing 46, through which, for example, the heat transfer fluid of the solar modules 26 flows. This can significantly enhance the evaporation process. In another exemplary embodiment, the heating elements for the absorbent 36 can be designed with a large surface area, so that the absorbent 36 flowing over these elements evaporates directly at their surface.

[0034] Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the pressure inside the housing 46 of the desorption device 30 by removing all or part of the air. This can be achieved, for example, using a vacuum pump or by heating water inside the housing 46 with an additional heating element until it boils, allowing the steam to escape through a valve. The steam carries the air contained in the housing 46 with it through the valve and removes it. When the heating element is then switched off, the water in the housing 46 cools down again, and only the vapor pressure of the steam remains inside. This reduced pressure significantly accelerates the transport of steam from the evaporation structure 32 to the condensation structure 34.If the gas inside the housing 46 contains (almost) no air but only water vapor, no diffusion or convection is necessary, but the water vapor can flow directly from the evaporation structure 32 to the condensation structure 34.

[0035] It should be clarified at this point that the term "water vapor" describes the gaseous state of water and not a mixture of air and water droplets.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining water from ambient air (14), wherein the method includes at least the following method steps: - contacting the ambient air (14) with at least one liquid absorbent (16) for absorbing at least a part of the water contained in the ambient air (14); - delivering an absorbent (18) diluted by the absorbed water to a first heat exchanger (20); - heating the diluted absorbent (18) by means of the first heat exchanger (20); - transferring the heated and diluted absorbent (36) into at least one desorption device (30), wherein at least one evaporation structure (32) and at least one condensation structure (34) soaked with water are arranged in the desorption device (30) and wherein the heated and diluted absorbent (36) is supplied to the evaporation structure (32) in the desorption device (30), and an evaporation of at least a part of the water contained in the heated, diluted absorbent (36) is effected at and / or in the evaporation structure (32), and that the water evaporated by means of the evaporation structure (32) is supplied to the condensation structure (34) for condensation of the water vapor and for obtaining desorbed water (42), wherein water (42) desorbed in the desorption device (30) is delivered to the first heat exchanger (20) and cooling of the desorbed water (42) is effected by means of the diluted absorbent (18) by means of the first heat exchanger (20).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that contacting the ambient air (14) with the liquid absorbent (16) is effected by spraying the absorbent (16) in the ambient air (14) or by means of passing the ambient air (14) through a first absorption structure (12) soaked with the absorbent (16).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that additionally heating the heated and diluted absorbent (36) is effected by means of at least one heating device, wherein the heating devices(s) is / are arranged before and / or after and / or outside of and / or within the desorption device (30).

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the heating device includes at least one second heat exchanger (22) arranged between the first heat exchanger (20) and the desorption device (30); or that the heating device includes at least one second heat exchanger (22) arranged between the first heat exchanger (20) and the desorption device (30) and the second heat exchanger (22) is in operative connection with at least one heating device, in particular at least one solar module (26) and / or at least one hose system (28) with a heat transfer liquid.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of the evaporated water to the condensation structure (34) is effected by means of a natural and / or technically generated airflow (40); or that the supply of the evaporated water to the condensation structure (34) is effected by means of natural diffusion.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a negative pressure is applied within the desorption device (30) for assisting the supply of the evaporated water to the condensation structure (34).

7. The method according to any one of claims 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that the condensation structure (34) is at least partially soaked with desorbed water (44) cooled by the first heat exchanger (20).

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a concentration of the diluted absorbent (36) is effected at the evaporator structure (32) while obtaining a concentrated absorbent (38), wherein the concentrated absorbent (38) is supplied to the first absorption structure (12) with or without interposition of a third heat exchanger (24); or that a concentration of the diluted absorbent (36) is effected at the evaporator structure (32) while obtaining a concentrated absorbent (38), wherein the concentrated absorbent (38) is supplied to the first absorption structure (12) with interposition of a third heat exchanger (24) and the third heat exchanger (24) is arranged after the first heat exchanger (20) in flow direction of the diluted absorbent (18) or of the heated and diluted absorbent (36), wherein heating of the diluted absorbent (36) before entering the desorption device (30) is effected by the third heat exchanger (24).

9. A device for obtaining water from ambient air (14), including - at least one device for applying and / or passing a liquid absorbent (16) onto and / or to a first absorption structure (12), wherein the first absorption structure (12) is formed for absorbing at least a part of the water contained in the ambient air (14); - at least one delivering device (48) for delivering an absorbent (18) diluted by the absorbed water to a first heat exchanger (20), wherein heating of the diluted absorbent (18) is effected by the first heat exchanger (20); and - at least one desorption device (30), wherein at least one evaporation structure (32) and at least one condensation structure (34) are arranged in the desorption device (30), and wherein the heated and diluted absorbent (36) is supplied to the evaporation structure (32) in the desorption device (30), and evaporation of at least a part of the water contained in the heated, diluted absorbent (36) is effected at and / or in the evaporation structure (32), and that the water evaporated by means of the evaporation structure (32) is supplied to the condensation structure (34) for condensation of the water vapor and for obtaining desorbed water (42), wherein the first heat exchanger (20) is connected to the desorption device (30) in liquid conducting manner such that water (42) desorbed in the desorption device (30) is cooled by means of the diluted absorbent (18), - at least one line system (50), wherein the line system (50) is formed such that the condensation structure (34) is at least partially soaked with desorbed water (44) cooled by the first heat exchanger (20).

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the device (10) includes at least one additional heating device for further heating the heated, diluted absorbent (36), wherein the heating device(s) is / are arranged before and / or after and / or outside of and / or within the desorption device (30).

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the heating device includes at least one second heat exchanger (22) arranged between the first heat exchanger (20) and the desorption device (30), wherein the second heat exchanger (22) is connected to the first heat exchanger (22) in liquid conducting manner on the one hand and to the desorption device (30) in liquid conducting manner on the other hand.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the second heat exchanger (22) is in operative connection with at least one heating device, or that the second heat exchanger (22) is in operative connection with at least one heating device and the heating device includes at least one solar module (26) and / or at least one hose system (28) with a heat transfer liquid.

13. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the heating device(s) include(s) heat exchangers, solar modules and / or line systems for heat transfer liquids.

14. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the desorption device (30) includes means for transporting the water evaporated by means of the evaporation structure (32) to the condensation structure (34) and / or that the device (10) includes means for generating a negative pressure in the desorption device (30).

15. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the device (10) includes at least one line system (52), wherein the line system (52) is formed such that concentrated absorbent (38) outflowing from the desorption device (30) is supplied to the first absorption structure (12) with or without interposition of a third heat exchanger (24); or that the device (10) includes at least one line system (52), wherein the line system (52) is formed such that concentrated absorbent (38) outflowing from the desorption device (30) is supplied to the first absorption structure (12) with or without interposition of a third heat exchanger (24), and the third heat exchanger (24) is arranged after the first heat exchanger (20) in flow direction of the diluted absorbent (18) or of the heated and diluted absorbent (36), wherein heating of the diluted absorbent (36) before entering the desorption device (30) is effected by the third heat exchanger (24).