Hydroelectric power plants

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of waterpower engineering, namely to hydraulic and mechanical plants that generate electrical energy.The hydroelectric power plant, according to a first embodiment, includes a hydraulic unit that comprises a sealed tank (3), placed inside a water reservoir (1) equipped in the lower part with a water drain valve (2), wherein a hydraulic cylinder (4) is placed above the reservoir (1). The piston (6) of the cylinder (4) is kinematically connected to the sealed tank (3) by means of a rod (7). When electrical energy is generated, the reservoir (1) is filled with water, and the oil outlet valve (12) is open, as a result of which the sealed tank (3), under the action of the Archimedes force, moves upward together with the piston (6), and, as a result, the hydraulic liquid moves to the hydraulic motor (14) through the oil outlet opening (9), wherein the hydraulic motor (14) rotates the electric generator, generating electrical energy. When the piston (6) reaches its upper position, the oil outlet valve (12) closes and electrical energy production ceases.In another embodiment, a mechanical hydroelectric power plant for generating electrical energy is claimed, which includes a mechanical unit containing a water reservoir, a sealed tank and a rack bar, engaging with a pinion, as well as an electrical generator.In other embodiments, a dual hydroelectric power plant and a dual mechanical hydroelectric power plant are proposed for continuous electrical energy generation, each consisting of two units configured such that when one unit is generating electrical energy, the other is in a return position.