DEVICE FOR DETECTING ANALYTES IN LIQUID SAMPLES

Abstract

The present invention provides a device for detecting an analyte in a sample, which includes a chamber for receiving a test element, wherein the test element has a first position and a second position in the chamber; the test element is not in contact with a fluid sample when the test element is located in the first position, and the test element is in contact with a fluid sample when the test element is located in the second position.

Description

DEVICE FOR DETECTING ANALYTES IN LIQUID SAMPLES Field of Invention The present invention relates to a device for collecting and detecting a liquid sample and, in particular, to a device for collecting and detecting an analyte in a liquid sample in the field of rapid diagnostics, such as a collection and detection device for urine and saliva. Background of the Invention The following description is merely an introduction to the background of the art and does not limit the present invention. Currently, testing devices are widely used in hospitals and homes to detect the presence or absence of an analyte in a sample. These rapid diagnostic devices comprise one or more test strips, such as those used for early pregnancy detection, drug abuse detection, and so on. The device is very convenient, and the detection result can be obtained on the test strip within a minute or no more than ten minutes. Drug detection is widely used by drug control departments, public safety bureaus, drug rehabilitation centers, medical examination centers, national recruitment offices, etc. Drug detection is diverse and / Rbn ίη / ZZΠZ / Β / YΙΛΙ Ref. 336508. Some detection methods require collecting samples, which are then analyzed in testing laboratories or by professional testing agencies. Other detection methods require on-site and immediate testing, such as roadside testing, when it is necessary to assess whether a driver has consumed drugs (referred to as driving under the influence of drugs) to obtain results immediately. For example, saliva sample detection is increasingly accepted and preferred by testing agencies and testing personnel due to its convenient collection. Various sample collection and detection devices for clinical and home use have been described in the literature. For example, U.S. Patent 5,376,337 describes a saliva sampling device in which a piece of filter paper is used to collect saliva from a subject's mouth and deliver the saliva to an indicator reagent.US Patents Nos. 5,576,009 and 5,352,410 have described a syringe-type fluid sampling device. Furthermore, with the spread of infectious diseases in recent years, particularly those caused by the coronavirus, household self-monitoring products have become commonplace. These products are convenient for sampling and easy to use, and they can prevent environmental contamination during sampling. The demand for household self-monitoring products is growing. In view of the previous technical problems in some conventional products, it is necessary to improve them and provide an alternative approach to solve the drawbacks of the previous technique, thus satisfying the ever-increasing demands of in vitro diagnostics, in particular the demands of the home self-monitoring products market. Summary of the Invention Addressing the aforementioned situation, and in order to overcome the limitations of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device for detecting an analyte in a fluid sample and a receiving device that is paired with and used to receive the detection device. The receiving device includes a chamber, and the chamber includes a liquid chamber for containing a liquid and an insertion chamber for inserting a test element. The term "receiving" in the receiving device is not interpreted as limiting the specific purpose of the device. The receiving device may be called a liquid mixing and treatment device and may also be called a liquid sample transfer and transport device, and may therefore be referred to as the device. A first aspect of the present invention provides a device for detecting an analyte, including a chamber for receiving the test element, wherein the test element has a first position and a second position in the chamber; the test element is not in contact with the fluid sample when the test element is in the first position and the test element is in contact with the fluid sample when the test element is in the second position. In some detailed embodiments, the chamber for receiving the test item is further provided with a sampling device for collecting a fluid sample, and the sampling device is located at one end of the chamber. In some embodiments, the sampling device may be in a detachable combination with the chamber. In some embodiments, the sampling device is a sponge swab or a flocked swab for collecting the fluid sample. In some embodiments, the sample collected by the sampling device may or may not flow over the test item. In some embodiments, the sampling device is treated, mixed, or eluted with a solution located in the chamber; a portion of the test item is allowed to enter the receiving device to come into contact with the liquid and thus complete the sampling process. JRbn ίη / ZZΖΠZ / Β / YΙΛΙ detection. In some modalities, the test element portion includes a sample receiving area or a sample application pad of the test element. In some embodiments, the chamber for receiving the test item also includes a carrier used to support the test item; the carrier has a first position and a second position in the chamber; and the carrier causes the test item to switch or move between the first position and the second position. In some preferred embodiments, the device further includes a sliding element, and the sliding element is connected to the chamber to receive the test element by means of a locking structure. The term "connect" herein refers to connection in a relatively fixed position; when in the locked state, the sliding element is fixed in a relatively fixed position within the chamber; when in the unlocked state, the sliding element can move or slide within the chamber. The manner of sliding refers to sliding from the first position to the second position. In some embodiments, the sliding element is connected to the carrier; when the sliding element is in a locked position, the carrier may not move relative to the chamber to receive the test element.In some other embodiments, when the locking structure is unlocked, the sliding element can be moved relative to the chamber to receive the test element, causing the carrier to move. In some embodiments, when the carrier is in the first position, it is fixed on or in the chamber to receive the test element by the locking structure; after unlocking, the carrier is allowed to move from the first position to the second position by moving the locking structure. In some embodiments, when the carrier is in the first position, the sliding element is fixed on or in the chamber to receive the test element by the locking structure; after unlocking, the carrier is allowed to move from the first position to the second position by moving the sliding element. In some embodiments, when the carrier is in the first position, the test element on the carrier is not in contact with the fluid sample; when the carrier is in the second position, the carrier is in contact with the fluid sample, so that the test element is in contact with the fluid sample. In this way, the fluid sample flows over the test element so that the test result can be read on the test area of ​​the test element. In some embodiments, the locking structure includes one or more bolt structures; the chamber for receiving the test element includes one or more notched structures for receiving the bolt; the bolt is inserted into the notch to secure or lock it in the locked state. In some embodiments, the sliding element is provided with a bolt that has a locking structure; the chamber for receiving the test element has a notch for receiving the bolt. The sliding element is held in the initial position relative to the chamber by the locking structure, and after unlocking, the sliding element can slide relative to the chamber. In some embodiments, the sliding element includes a connecting piece fully integrated with the carrier and a portion of the locking structure. In some embodiments, the sliding piece of the locking structure can slide on a sliding groove in the camera. In some embodiments, the sliding element can cause the carrier to slide or move from the first position to the second position. The so-called locking structure includes at least two functions: a locking function and an unlocking function. The locking function allows, directly or indirectly, the carrier to be fixed relative to the chamber for receiving the test element. After unlocking, the carrier is allowed, directly or indirectly, to be released from its fixed position relative to the chamber for receiving the test element, meaning that the element is capable of relative or mutual movement. When there is a sliding element, the sliding element includes a portion of the locking structure, and the chamber for receiving the test element includes another portion of the locking structure. These two portions align to complete the locking or unlocking state. In some embodiments, the sliding element includes a protrusion structure, and the chamber for receiving the test element has a notch structure to receive the protrusion. The protrusion structure is mated with the notch structure to achieve the functions of the locking structure. In some embodiments, the notch structure is elastic, while the protrusion structure is inelastic. The protrusion structure and the notch structure together form the locking structure of the embodiments of the present invention. When the protrusion structure is received by the notch structure, or when the protrusion structure engages or locks into the notch structure, the sliding element and the chamber for receiving the test element are in a locked state. When the protrusion structure is separated from the notch structure, it is in an unlocked state.In some embodiments, the chamber for receiving the test element includes a side wall. The notch structure is located above the chamber and is a portion of the chamber's side wall. In some embodiments, one end of the notch structure is connected to the chamber's side wall to receive the test element; the other three ends are not connected to the chamber's side wall, thus giving the notch structure a degree of elasticity. The term "elastic" herein refers to a concept related to the protrusion structure. The protrusion structure presses against the notch structure as it slides along the notch structure, thereby inducing elastic deformation. When the protrusion structure enters the notch structure, the sliding element is locked against the chamber, depending on the elasticity.At the same time, when the sliding element needs to be moved, the protrusion structure separates from the notch structure so that the sliding element is in an unlocked state. In some embodiments, the device further includes a limiting structure such that the sliding distance of the sliding element on the chamber for receiving the test element is constant. That is, the distance the sliding element moves from the first locked state to the second position is fixed. In some embodiments, the limiting structure is a sliding groove on the chamber for receiving the test element. In some embodiments, the sliding groove is located on the chamber for receiving the test element, and a sliding rail is arranged on the test element. The sliding rail slides on the sliding groove.In some embodiments, the slip-slot structure includes a slip rail having a bottom surface, or a slip slot lacking a bottom surface and featuring an opening that penetrates through the side wall. The term "receiver" herein refers to the function of the chamber and may refer to the test item contained within the chamber, or to the chamber without the test item, thus indicating the chamber's specific purpose. In some embodiments, the chamber for receiving the test element includes a limiting structure that projects inward from the side wall. The limiting structure causes the carrier to be inserted into the chamber in only one direction. The chamber for receiving the test element is a cylindrical structure; the carrier has a curved surface or an arched structure, and the carrier has a first surface to support the test element and a second surface in contact with the limiting structure. In some embodiments, the arched carrier has a groove to accommodate the test element; the carrier also includes a protective structure to protect the test element; and the protective structure is located on the side wall of the groove. In some embodiments, the side wall of the chamber extends into the sliding element. In some embodiments, the sliding element includes a chamber structure, or sliding chamber; a first sliding rail and a second sliding rail are arranged on the side wall within the sliding chamber; the first sliding rail is used for sliding in a sliding groove with a lower surface; the second sliding rail is used for sliding in a sliding groove that extends through the side wall of the chamber to receive the test element. In some other embodiments, the second sliding rail is used to connect with the carrier.In this way, the sliding element allows the carrier to move within the chamber by sliding the sliding rail over the chamber during sliding. In some embodiments, the chamber for receiving the test element is divided into a first portion of the chamber side wall and a second portion of the chamber side wall by means of a sliding slot that has a penetration opening, such that the first and second portions of the chamber side wall for receiving the test element are distributed, respectively, on either side of the second sliding rail, thus crossing the interior of the chamber for receiving the test element. In this way, the sliding element can slide out of the chamber for receiving the test element and causes the carrier within the chamber for receiving the test element to move within the carrier.In this way, the chamber for receiving the test element actually penetrates through the sliding element and moves relative to it. In some embodiments, the movable element includes a first and a third sliding rail, a second sliding rail, and a fourth sliding rail distributed symmetrically. The first and third sliding rails move in the sliding groove with a lower surface; the second and fourth sliding rails move in the sliding groove with an opening for the receiving chamber. In some embodiments, the test element on the curved surface carrier includes a test area and a sample application area in contact with the samples. In some embodiments, the test area is near one end of the chamber or near the sliding element; the sample application area is near the other end of the chamber. In some embodiments, the other end of the chamber for receiving the test element is used to pair it with a housing chamber or to insert it into the housing chamber. In this way, when the carrier moves to the second position from the first position by means of the sliding element, one end of the carrier is inserted into or enters the housing chamber.In this way, the application area of ​​the test element on the carrier is in contact with the liquid in the housing chamber—for example, a liquid sample, a mixture of a treatment solution and a liquid sample, or a fluid sample. Consequently, the liquid flows from the sample application area to the test area depending on the capillary action of the test element, and the presence or absence of an analyte in the sample is thus detected. In some embodiments, the receiving chamber includes a reagent in solution for treating a sample. In some embodiments, the sample collection device is allowed to flow into the receiving chamber first, and then a portion of the carrier flows into the receiving chamber. / Rbn ίη / ΖΖΠΖ / Β / ΥΙΛΙ In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a receiving chamber for inserting the sample collection device, and this receiving chamber is separate from the chamber for containing the test element. In some embodiments, the chamber for receiving the sample collection device can also be used to receive a portion of the test element. In some embodiments, the chamber for receiving the sample collection device can also be used to receive an application area of ​​the sample from the test element. In some embodiments, the receiving chamber includes a reagent for treating a fluid sample. In some embodiments, the test element is inserted into, or placed in, the receiving chamber when the test element is in the second position. In some embodiments, a reagent in solution is sealed in the receiving chamber beforehand.In some embodiments, the application area of ​​the test element sample is located on the carrier; when the carrier is located in the second position, the application area of ​​the sample located on the carrier enters the receiving chamber to be in contact with the fluid sample. In some modalities, the carrier can still return to the first position and locks into the first position after having been in the second position. When the carrier returns to the first position, the test results can be read on the test element. Alternatively, when the test element or the carrier is in the second position, the test result is read in the test area. In some modalities, the chamber for receiving the test element includes a window used to read the test result. When the test element moves to the second position from the first position, the test area is located below the window. In some modalities, the sample is saliva, nasal mucus, and throat mucus. In some modalities, the analyte is a virus, a bacterium, or a small drug molecule or drug. On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for detecting an analyte in a sample, and the method includes: provide a chamber used to house a test item; the test item has a first locked position and a second unlocked position in the chamber; the test item can be moved to the second position from the first position. In the first position, the test element is not in contact with a fluid sample; in the second position, the test element is in contact with a fluid sample. In some modalities, the chamber for receiving the test element also includes a sample collection device / Rbn Ln / zznz / B / YiAi to collect a fluid sample. In some embodiments, a housing chamber is provided, used to combine or join with the chamber to house the test element, such that the sample collection device is inserted into the housing chamber. In some embodiments, the sample collection device is first inserted into the housing chamber, and then the test element is moved to the second position from the first position; a portion of the test element is inserted into or enters the housing chamber, or the sample application area is inserted into or enters the housing chamber. The test element enters the housing chamber to bring it into contact with the sample, and the analyte is thus detected or tested. In some embodiments, the sample collection device is inserted into the housing chamber. The treatment solution in the housing chamber is in contact with the sample collection device, dissolving, using, and washing the sample onto the collection device. The sample is mixed with the treatment solution. In some modalities, before inserting the sample collection device into the housing chamber, a treatment solution is sealed in the housing chamber. In some modalities, before inserting it into the housing chamber, the sample collection device is used to collect a fluid sample, for example, saliva, sweat, blood, urine, sputum, or nasal secretion. In some modalities, the test element is locked in the first position and unlocked in the second position so that the test element moves to the initial first position from the second position and locks In some embodiments, the device also includes a sliding element, which moves the test element from the first locked position to the second position. In some embodiments, the test element is mounted on the carrier, and the sliding element moves the carrier from the first position to the second position. The sliding element and the chamber for housing the test element each have a first locking position and a second position, such that the sliding element has a first locking position and a second position in the chamber for housing the test element. In some embodiments, the second position may or may not be a locking position. In some embodiments, the sliding element is fixed during the movement process up to the second position from the first position. In some embodiments, the sliding element is sheathed outside the chamber to receive the test element; the test element on the carrier is located in the chamber to receive the test element. In some embodiments, the sliding element includes a locking bolt locked with the chamber to accommodate the test element, and a sliding rail that slides over the chamber to receive the test element; the locking bolt and the chamber or the test chamber may be in a locked state. Beneficial effects The above structure can be used to achieve self-detection within a family. The present invention is easy to operate and error-free, and can reduce environmental contamination and minimize harm to operators. Brief Description of the Figures Figure 1 is a diagram of the three-dimensional structure showing an overall assembly in a detailed embodiment of the present invention (the sensing device and the housing device are assembled); Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing an exploded view of a test device in a detailed embodiment of the present invention (the detection device and the housing device are separate); Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing an exploded view of a detection device in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram depicting an exploded view of a chamber for housing the test element and a sample collection device in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a diagram of a structure showing a cover body in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of a chamber for housing a carrier in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a diagram of a structure showing an enlarged chamber structure for accommodating a carrier marked A in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing a portion of the transverse structure of the chamber for housing a carrier in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 is a diagram of a structure showing a carrier in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing a carrier structure in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing a carrier structure in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of a sliding element; Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram depicting a cross-sectional structure of the sliding element; Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram depicting a structure in which the sliding element is connected to the carrier; Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram depicting column structures of the sliding element, carrier, and chamber; Figure 16 shows a diagram of a structure in which the sliding element is located in a first locking position in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 shows a diagram of a structure in which the sliding element is located in a second position in a detailed embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure in which a cover body covers a chamber opening in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention The structures or technical terms used in the present invention will be described further to JRbn ίη / ZZΖΠZ / Β / YΙΛΙ continued. Unless otherwise stated, these are understood or interpreted in accordance with the common terms and definitions of the art. Detection The term detection denotes testing or determining whether a substance or material exists, for example, but not limited to, chemicals, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, metabolites, drugs or pharmaceuticals, drug metabolites or pharmaceuticals, organic tissues or organic tissue metabolites, nucleic acids, proteins, or polymers. The term detection also denotes determining the quantity of a substance or material. Furthermore, the term assay denotes immunoassay, chemical detection, enzyme detection, and the like. Samples The samples that can be detected by the detection device or collected by the sample collection device of the present invention include biological fluids (e.g., packaging fluids or clinical samples). Liquid samples or fluid test samples can be derived from solid or semi-solid samples, including feces, biological tissues, and food samples. Solid or semi-solid samples are transformed into liquid samples by any suitable method, such as mixing, grinding, maceration, incubation, or dissolution in a suitable solution (e.g., water, a phosphate solution, or other buffer solutions). Solid samples are digested by enzymolysis.Biological samples include samples derived from animals, plants, and food, such as urine, saliva, blood and blood components, cerebrospinal fluid, vaginal secretions, semen, feces, sweat, secretions, tissues, organs, tumors, tissue and organ cultures, media, and cell cultures derived from humans or animals. Urine is the preferred biological sample; other preferred biological samples include saliva, sputum, nasal secretions, and similar substances. Food samples include processed food substances, finished products, meat, cheese, wine, milk, and drinking water. Plant samples are derived from any plant, plant tissue, media, and plant cell cultures. Environmental samples are derived from the environment (e.g., liquid samples, wastewater samples, soil texture samples, effluent samples, seawater, and groundwater from lakes or other bodies of water).Environmental samples may also include sewage water or other wastewater. Any analyte can be detected using the appropriate detection element or test element of the present invention. Preferably, the present invention is used to detect small drug molecules or drugs in saliva and urine. Preferably, the present invention is used to detect viruses, bacteria, and other small molecules in saliva, nasal cavity fluid, or throat fluid. Any form of the above samples, initially solid or liquid, can be collected using the sample collection device 201 of the present invention, provided that the liquids or liquid samples can be absorbed by the absorption element; and the absorption element 2022 is generally located on the sample collection device. The absorption element 2022 in this case is generally prepared from a water-absorbent material and is initially dry.This device can absorb liquid or fluid samples by capillarity, or other characteristics of the absorbent material, to retain the fluid samples within the absorbent element. The absorbent material can be any liquid-absorbing material such as a sponge, filter paper, polyester fiber, gel, nonwoven fabric, cotton, polyester film, yarn, flocking, etc. When considering a flocked swab, the flocked swab described in the following patents, which are part of the present invention, can be used to collect fluid samples: US 8,114,027, US 8,317,728, US 8,979,784, US 9,011,358, US 9,173,779, US 10,327,741, AU 2004226798, JP 4579902, and ZL 200610099310.9. In some forms, the absorbent element is hard when dry, for example a sponge / RbnLn / zznz / e / Y becomes soft when wet and can be compressed after softening to release liquid.Of course, when it is a relatively scarce sponge, for example, a sponge swab, it can still absorb liquid samples in small quantities, for example, 5-100 μA, for example, a sponge swab described in US Provisional Patent Application 63 / 300811, filed on January 19, 2022, can also be used in the present invention as a detailed example of the sample collection device. Of course, the absorption element is not necessarily prepared from an absorbent material; it can be made from a non-absorbent material. The absorption element has pores, threads, and cavities, and samples can be collected within these structures. These samples are usually solid or semi-solid and are placed as packing material between the threads or in the cavities or voids that collect them. Optionally, the absorption element can also consist of non-absorbent fibers and bristles; these materials are used to scrape solid, semi-solid, or liquid samples so that they are retained within the absorption element. Downstream and upstream It divides downstream or upstream according to the flow direction of a liquid. Generally, a liquid or fluid flows downstream from upstream. The downstream area receives the liquid from the upstream area, and a liquid can also flow downstream along an upstream area. In this case, it generally divides downstream or upstream according to the flow direction of the liquid, for example, on some materials where capillary force is used to promote the flow of a liquid. A liquid can overcome gravity to flow in the opposite direction to gravity; at that point, it divides downstream or upstream according to the flow direction of the liquid.For example, as shown in Figure 10, the test element 18 mentioned herein has a sample application area 183, a marking area 182, a test area 181, and an absorption area 184. The sample application area 183 is located upstream of the marking area 182, the test area 181 is located downstream of the marking area, and the absorption area is located downstream of the test area. Generally, a fluid flows downstream from upstream along the flow direction of the test element.In a detailed embodiment of the present invention, when the test device is vertical, for example, as shown in Figure 1, a liquid sample will overcome gravity due to capillary force to flow from the bottom to the top, specifically, flowing downstream from upstream once it comes into contact with the sample application area 183. In this way, the liquid sample flows through the marking area 182 and then to the test area 181 and finally flows to a water-absorbing area. Of course, in this case, "upstream" can also refer to the direction or path of movement of an object rather than the direction of flow of a liquid. For example, in the operating process, after inserting the chamber 14 containing the treatment agent using an absorbent, the chamber is connected to the chamber with the test element at that moment, as shown in Figure 1. Then, the treatment solution in the container comes into contact with the sampling element 201 in the sample collection device to treat the sample. For example, the sample is dissolved, lysed, or eluted, and so on. At that moment, the test element in the chamber is in its initial position.When a sample needs to be detected, it is unlocked so that the test element 18, or the carrier 16 that holds the test element, can slide into the chamber, moving from the first position to the second position. If it is in the second position, the test element extends outward from one end of the container's chamber 13 (as shown in Figure 17), for example, extending outward from the chamber with the sample application area into chamber 101, which contains the treatment reagent, to bring it into direct contact with a liquid or a mixture of liquid samples, thus completing the test or detection. Gas flow or liquid flow The terms gas flow or liquid flow mean that the gas or liquid can flow from one place to another. The flow process may involve passing through physical structures to act as guides. In this document, "passing through physical structures" means that the liquid passes through the surface of these structures or their internal space and flows to another location, either actively or passively. Passivity is typically caused by external forces, such as capillary action and air pressure. The flow in this case can be due to the liquid or gas's own action (gravity or pressure), or it can be passive. The fluid, under the influence of air pressure, can experience forward flow or reverse flow; or a fluid can be forced from one position to another by the action of air pressure.In this case, flow does not necessarily mean the presence of a liquid or gas, but rather indicates a relationship or state between two objects under certain circumstances. If a liquid is present, it can flow from one object to another. In this case, this signifies the state in which two objects are connected. Conversely, if there is no gas or liquid flow between two objects, and liquid exists in or on one object but cannot flow to or over another, this is a state of no flow—no liquid flow or no gas flow. Separable combination A separable combination means that the connecting relationship between two parts exists in various different states or situations. For example, when two physical parts are initially separate, they can be connected or combined under a suitable first condition; and under a suitable second condition, the two parts can be separated, and the separation is a separation of physical space, without contact. Or, the two parts are initially combined and, when appropriate, can be physically separated. Or, two objects are initially separate and, when necessary, combine to perform certain functions, and then separate or combine again for certain purposes later. In short, the combination or separation of two parts is simple, and such a combination or separation can be repeated many times. Of course, it can be a one-time combination or separation.Furthermore, the combination can be a separable combination of two parts, or a mutually separable combination of three or more parts. For example, with three parts, the first part is separably combined with the second part, and the second part can also be separably combined with the third part, and the first part can also be separably combined with the third part or separated from it. Likewise, the combination can be achieved by means of two separable objects or indirectly by means of another object. In this case, the absorption element 201 can be separably combined with the chamber 13 to house the test element 18.The separable combination can be direct or indirect, as described in detail below. The carrier 16 with a test element is also separably combined with the chamber 13 of a containment element 18, such that they combine to form a detection device, although after disassembly, these can serve their own purposes. In the present invention, once the absorption element 201 is separated from the test element, the absorption element can be sterilized separately, such as by high-temperature sterilization, X-ray sterilization, radiation, etc. After sterilization, the absorption element is combined with the test element. / Rbn ίη / ΖΖΠΖ / Β / ΥΙΛΙ Thus, the absorption element can be brought into fluid communication with the test element so that the liquid from the absorption element can flow from the absorption element to the test element. In some embodiments, the absorption element 201 is fixedly positioned on the chamber 13 that houses the test element, for example, at one end (as shown in Figure 4); at that time, the test element is not yet assembled on the chamber 13; after sterilization, the test element 18, or the carrier 16 with the test element, is inserted into the chamber 13 and then secured to the chamber 13 by a locking structure. Test item The term "test element" as used herein refers to an element that can be used to detect whether a sample or specimen contains an analyte of interest. The test may be based on any technical principle, such as immunology, chemistry, electricity, optics, molecular science, nucleic acids, physics, etc. The test element may be a lateral flow reagent strip capable of detecting a variety of analytes. Of course, other suitable test elements may also be used in accordance with the present invention. Several test elements can be combined for use in the present invention. One form of the test element is test paper or cross-flow test paper. Test papers used to analyze analytes (such as drugs or metabolites exhibiting physical properties) in samples can be of various shapes, such as those used for chemical or immunoassay analyses. Test papers can be used in either a proficiency or non-proficiency standard of analysis. A test paper typically comprises a water-absorbent material with a sample application area, a reagent area, and a test area. Fluid or liquid samples are added to the sample application area and flow into the reagent area by capillary action. If analyte is present in the reagent area, the sample binds to the reagent. The sample then continues to flow into the test area. Other reagents, such as molecules that bind specifically to the analyte, are immobilized in the test area.These reagents react with the analyte (if present) in the sample and bind to the analyte in this area, or they bind to a reagent in the reagent area. A marker is used to visualize a detection signal in the reagent area or in the separate labeling area. Normal non-compete standard analysis mode: if a sample contains analyte, a signal is generated; otherwise, no signal is generated. Competent standard: if no analyte is present in the sample, a signal is generated; if analyte is present, no signal is generated. / Rbn Ln / zznz / B / YiAi The test element may be a test paper, which can be made of water-absorbent or non-absorbent materials. The test paper may contain various materials used to release liquid samples. One material may coat another. For example, filter paper coats a nitrocellulose membrane. One area of ​​the test paper may be made of one or more materials, and another area may use one or more different materials. The test paper may be adhered to a support or a hard surface to improve its holding power. The analyte is detected by the signal generation system. For example, one or more enzymes that react specifically with this analyte are used, and the previous method of fixing the specifically bound substance onto the test paper is used to fix the combination of one or more signal generation systems to the analyte test area of ​​the test paper. The signal-generating substance may be in the sample application area, the reagent area, or the test area, or over the entire test paper, and one or more test paper materials may be filled with this substance. The solution containing a signifier is added to the surface of the test paper, or one or more test paper materials are immersed in the solution containing a signifier; and the test paper containing the signifier is dried. / Rbn ίη / ΖΖΠΖ / Β / ΥΙΛΙ All areas of the test paper can be arranged as follows: the sample application area, the reagent area, the test area, the control area, the area for determining if the sample is adulterated, and the area for absorbing a liquid sample. The control area is located behind the test area. All areas can be arranged on a single test paper made of only one material. Alternatively, different areas can be made of different materials. Each area can be in direct contact with the liquid sample, or different areas can be arranged according to the flow direction of the liquid sample; the back end of each area is connected and overlapped with the front end of the next. The materials used can be those with good water absorption, such as filter papers, glass fibers, or nitrocellulose membranes. The test paper can also be in other forms. A nitrocellulose membrane test strip is typically used; that is, the test area includes a nitrocellulose (NC) membrane onto which a specific binding molecule is fixed to visualize the detection result. Other test strips, such as cellulose acetate membrane test strips or nylon membrane test strips, may also be used. For example, the test strips and similar apparatus with test strips described in the following patents can be applied to the test elements or detection devices of the present invention, such as the detection of the analyte in samples: US 4857453; US 5073484; US 5119831; US ​​5185127; US 5275785; US 5416000; US 5504013; US 5602040. US 5622871; US 5654162; US 5656503; US 5686315; US 5766961; U.S. 5770460; US 5916815; US 5976895; US 6248598; US 6140136; U.S. 6187269; US 6187598; US 6228660; US 6235241; US 6306642; U.S. 6352862; US 6372515; US 6379620 and US 6403383. The test strips and a similar device provided with a test strip described in the prior patents can be applied to the test element or detection apparatus of the present invention for the detection of an analyte, for example, the detection of an analyte in a sample. The test strips used in the present invention may be those commonly referred to as lateral flow reagent strips, the specific structures and detection principles of which are well known to those skilled in the art. The common test strip 18 (Figure 9) includes a sample collection area or sample application area 183, a marking area (182), a test area 181, and a water absorption area 184. The sample collection area includes a sample receiving pad; the marking area includes a marking pad; the water absorption area may include a water absorption pad; wherein the test area includes the chemical substances required to detect the presence or absence of the analyte, such as immunoreagents or enzymatic chemical reagents.The nitrocellulose membrane test strip is normally used; that is, the test area 181 includes a nitrocellulose membrane and an area 1811 on which specific binding molecules are affixed to visualize the test result. Other test strips, such as cellulose acetate membrane or nylon membrane test strips, may also be used. Of course, downstream of the test area, there may also be a detection result control area 1812. Test strips are typically displayed over the control and test areas in the form of a horizontal line, which is either a detection line or a control line. Such test strips are conventional. Of course, other types of test strips for capillary detection may also be available.Furthermore, the test strip often contains dry chemical reactive components, such as an immobilized antibody or other reagents. When the test strip comes into contact with a liquid, the liquid flows along the strip by capillary action, and the dry reactive components dissolve in the liquid. The liquid then flows to the next area, and the dry reagents are treated and reacted for the required detection. The liquid flow is based primarily on capillary action. In this case, all of these components can be applied to the test device of the present invention, or they can be placed in contact with the liquid samples in the detection chamber, or they can be used to detect the presence or absence of the analyte in the liquid samples entering the detection chamber, or to determine the quantity of the analyte. In addition to the previously described test strip or lateral flow reagent strip used for contact with the liquid to test whether liquid samples contain analytes, the test element of the present invention can be used as a detection device by itself to detect an analyte in a sample. Therefore, the detection device in this case is the same as the test element. For example, after being mixed with the treatment solution, the fluid sample is detected directly by the test element. When the receiving device is described for treating a fluid sample, the test element can be used solely for detection. Analyte Examples that may use the analyte related to the present invention include small molecule substances, including drugs or narcotics (e.g., drugs of abuse). The term drug of abuse (DOA) refers to the use of a drug or narcotic (which normally acts as a neuroparalytic agent) for a non-medical purpose. Abuse of these drugs or narcotics causes physical and mental harm and results in dependence, addiction, and / or death.Examples of DOAs include cocaine, amphetamine, AMP (e.g., Black Beauties, White Amphetamine Tablets, dextroamphetamine, dextroamphetamine tablets, and beans), methylamphetamine MET (crack, meth, crystal, speed), barbiturates BAR (e.g., Valium, Roche Pharmaceuticals, Nutley, and New Jersey), sedatives (specifically sleep aids), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), depressants (calmers, goofballs, barbs, blue devils, yellow jackets, methaqualone), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs, specifically imipramine, amitriptyline, and doxepin), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), phencyclidine (PCP), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, weed, pot, hash, marijuana, and the like). Opioids (specifically morphine MOP, or opium, cocaine COC, heroin and oxycodone hydrochloride), anxiolytics and hypnotic-sedatives.Anxiolytics are drugs used to relieve anxiety, tension, and fear, stabilizing emotions and having hypnotic and sedative effects. They include benzodiazepines (BZO), atypical BZ, fused dinitrogen NB23C, benzoazepines, BZ receptor ligands, ring-opening BZ, diphenylmethane derivatives, piperazine carboxylates, piperidine carboxylates, quinazoline ketones, thiazine and thiazole derivatives, other heterozygoses, imidazole sedatives / analgesics (e.g., oxycodone hydrochloride (OXY), methadone (MTD)), propylene glycol derivatives, mephenesin carbamates, aliphatic compounds, anthracene derivatives, and the like. The detection device of the present invention can be It can also be used to detect drugs that have medical purposes but are easy to abuse, such as tricyclic antidepressants (imipramine or analogues), acetaminophen, and similar drugs.These medications can be metabolized into micromolecular substances after being absorbed by the human body, and these micromolecular substances are present in the blood, urine, saliva, sweat, and other body fluids, or in some of the body fluids. For example, the analyte detected by the present invention includes, but is not limited to, creatinine, bilirubin, nitrite, proteins (non-specific), hormones (e.g., human chorionic gonadotropin, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, etc.), blood, leukocytes, sugars, heavy metals or toxins, bacterial substances (such as proteins or sugars against specific bacteria, e.g., Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Fusiformis genus, Camyplobacter genus, L. monocytogenes, Vibrio, or Bacillus cereus) and substances related to physiological characteristics in a urine sample, such as pH and specific gravity. The chemical analysis of any other clinical urine can be performed by a lateral cross-flow detection mode and in combination with the device of the present invention. In some embodiments, the treatment solution contained in the receiving device does not contain an analyte. Detection device The detection device refers to an apparatus for detecting the presence or absence of an analyte. The collection device refers to a part that receives a portion of the detection device or a portion of the detection device inserted into the receiving device for mixing or processing samples, eluting the absorption element 201, and treating the liquid or liquid samples. The receiving device is not specifically designed to receive the detection device and may be present on its own and independently function to treat a fluid sample. The detection device may include a test element that has a testing function, for example, a carrier with a test element, or it may also include a carrier housing element, for example, a chamber 13 for housing the test element.The detection device may include an absorption element 201 for collecting a sample, or it may include an absorption element (a sample collection device) with a connecting rod. The absorption element 2022 with collected samples may also be referred to as a sample collection device. The collection device may also include a detection device; or the sample collection device may be detachably combined with the detection device. The collection device is assembled with the detection device to complete the test. The detection device may also include a collection device. It is also possible for the collection device and the detection device to be an integrated structure, and once the liquid samples are collected, detection can be performed immediately to obtain the test result.In this case, the connotation of the detection device or the test element is interchangeable. The term "receiving device" in this case is merely for descriptive convenience. In a detailed embodiment, the receiving device 14 receives a portion of the sample collection device, for example, it receives an absorption element 2022, or it receives a portion of the detection device with an absorption element. When the purpose of the receiving device is not to receive, it may be called a sample treatment / sample mixing device. In the sample treatment process, the detection device may not receive, but the absorption element may be received to achieve independent termination (the detailed description is as follows). In summary, the term "receiving" in this case does not define the scope of the device nor does it serve as a defining element for the claims of any patent law; it is simply a form of expression for descriptive convenience.In some detailed embodiments, the detection device of the present invention includes a chamber 13 for housing the test element; the test element 18 has a first position and a second position in the chamber. When the test element is in the first position, it is locked onto or in the chamber 13. In some preferred embodiments, the detection device includes a sliding element 11; the sliding element has a first position and a second position in the chamber 13 and is capable of moving to the second position from the first position. In some embodiments, when the sliding element is in the first position, it is in the locked position or locked state with the chamber 13; upon unlocking or thereafter, the sliding element can move to the second position from the first position.In some modalities, test element 11 can cause the test element to move from the first position to the second position. In some embodiments, the chamber for receiving the test element has a three-dimensional structure as shown in Figures 4, 6-8. The chamber is used to receive the test element or to support the test element carrier. The carrier and the chamber are locked in the first position and can be moved to the second position from the first position when unlocked. In some embodiments, when the chamber is in the second position, a portion of the test element comes into contact with a liquid sample to initiate detection. In some embodiments, when in the first position, the test element is placed in the chamber without exposure; when in the second position, the test element or a portion of it extends out of the chamber (Figure 17), and the portion of the test element that extends out of the chamber comes into contact with the liquid sample.In some embodiments, the liquid sample is located in a chamber for treating liquid samples (a treatment chamber 14), for example, as shown in Figure 1. The treatment chamber 14 contains a liquid sample; after inserting the chamber 13 to house the test element into the treatment chamber 14, the test element, or the carrier supporting the test element, is unlocked from the locked state of the first position and thus moves from the first position to the second position. A portion of the test element extends into the treatment chamber 14 to come into contact with the liquid sample and thereby complete adsorption onto the liquid sample. The test element 18, or the carrier 16 supporting the test element, is understood to be situated between two states or two positions within the chamber 13. In some embodiments, the chamber 13 is cylindrical; one end 103 is open, and the other end 1032 is also open; the other end of this chamber has a structure that can be separately assembled with the sample collection device 201. The structure 156 may be an insertion hole 191; one end 2023 of the sample collection device 201 can be inserted into the insertion hole 191, or it can be threaded to the chamber 13 and thus assembled into a sample collection device. The sample collection device has a rod-shaped body 2024 and an absorption element 2022.In some embodiments, the locked state of the test element, carrier, or sliding element with the chamber is secured to the chamber by a locking mechanism. The locking structure has locked and unlocked states. In the locked state, the fixed position on the chamber 13 may be fixed or not easily moved. In the unlocked state, the element fixed on the chamber may be moved or slid within the chamber. In some embodiments, the chamber includes a portion of the locking structure used to lock the test element 18 or carrier 16 so that the test element or carrier is in a locked state with respect to the chamber 13.A portion of the locking structure is shown in Figures 6-7. This portion includes a sheet structure 135. The sheet structure is a portion of the chamber's side wall and has a notch 151. The notch includes the upper and lower edges, similar to a notch formed in the middle of the two protruding plastic strips 149 and 150. The notch and the outer side wall of the chamber are aligned, and the two plastic strips 149 and 150 protrude slightly above the outer side wall of the chamber. In some embodiments, the sheet structure is elastic. To create the structure with an elastic notch, the chamber's side wall has two hollow structures 147 and 152, such that the sheet structure is similarly suspended above the side wall, and the overall structure remains in the same plane as the side wall.In some embodiments, only one end is connected to the chamber wall 13. The other three sides of the sheet structure 135 are not connected to the chamber and form a hollow structure. In this way, when the protrusion structure 118 of the sliding element 11 passes through the sheet structure, the protrusion structure is housed, mated, fitted, or engaged with the notch structure so that the sliding element is locked onto the chamber 13. When the protrusion structure on the sliding element touches the sheet structure, but has not yet entered the notch structure, the sheet structure will bend slightly into the chamber to generate a deformation with movement.When the protrusion 18 slides into the notch, the elasticity disappears or the protrusion returns to its original shape; the protrusion structure engages with the notch and thus completes a fixed state. In some embodiments, the sliding element 11 also has a chamber 1120 (Figures 12-13); a protrusion structure 118 is arranged on the inner wall of the chamber; the protrusion structure, similar to a plastic rib, projects from the inner wall of the sliding element. In some embodiments, a groove 116 is open in the inner wall of the sliding element, and the groove has a protrusion structure 118.Generally, the protrusion structure is transversely parallel to the sliding element, and the notch on the outer wall of chamber 13 is transverse, thus achieving a locking state between the sliding element 11 and the chamber when the sliding element moves up and down. In some embodiments, the depth of the groove 116 is the height of the protrusion structure 118; specifically, only the protrusion structure 118 is taller than other parts of the groove. For example, in the cross-sectional diagram of the sliding element shown in Figures 12-13, the protruding plastic rib 118 is located in the vicinity of the first sliding rail 111 and the third sliding rail 114 of the sliding element. During the sliding process, the sliding rail defines the consistency of the sliding element's up-and-down path and also defines its rotational behavior. Specifically, the sliding element is essentially non-rotational but slides from top to bottom. In such a non-rotational case, the protrusion on the side wall of the sliding element can be paired with the notched element on the chamber 13, thus achieving a locking effect.Furthermore, the height of the first and / or second sliding rails protruding from the inner wall of the sliding element 11 is greater than that of the adjacent protrusion structure 118. The first and third sliding rails on the sliding element 11 are in direct contact with the sliding groove 140 and / or 1400 on the outer wall of chamber 13. Consequently, in some embodiments, the depth of the sliding groove outside chamber 13 is less than the height of the sliding rail on the inner wall of the sliding element 11.In this way, when the sliding element 11 is encased on the chamber 13, there is a space of approximately 1-3 mm between the outer wall of the chamber and the inner wall of the sliding element 11 so that the outer wall of the chamber is not in contact with the inner wall of the large area sliding element. In this way, when the sliding element slides on the outer wall of the chamber 13, the sliding element can basically slide on the sliding groove by means of the sliding rail, thus reducing the friction force, which is convenient for sliding.To achieve the height difference between the sliding groove 140 on the outer surface of the camera and the sliding rail 111 within the movable element, one of the optimal ways is for the sliding groove to have a lower surface, thereby reducing the height difference and reducing the friction force, which is substantially different from the other sliding rails 131, 132 of the camera and is specifically described below. Furthermore, the notch 151 on the outer surface of the chamber is formed by the protruding strips 149, 150, / RbnLn / zznz / e / Y upper and lower. When the protruding strips are higher than the outer surface of the chamber 13, there is a certain width of space between the inner wall of the sliding element 11 and the outer wall of the chamber 13, and the two protruding strips 149, 150 are not substantially in contact with the inner surface of the movable element 11, thereby reducing the resistance of the movable element sheathed on the outer surface of the chamber 11. When the movable element 11 slides to the position of the notch 151, the protruding strip 118 located on the movable element 11 is easily engaged and secured by the notch 151. Of course, what has been described above is simply one embodiment of the locking structure.In some embodiments, a protruding strip 149 may be arranged on the sheet structure 135 on the outer surface of the chamber 13 only without the notch 151, and another protruding strip 150, thereby achieving locking between the sliding element and the chamber. The protruding strip 118 in the groove 116 near the sliding rail 111 of the sliding element remains constant. When the sliding element 11 is sheathed on the outer surface of the chamber 13, the protruding strip 118 of the movable element 11 is touched by the protruding strip 149 of the sheet structure 135 on the outer surface of the chamber 13 to block the further sliding of the movable element, which also achieves the locking state between the movable element 11 and the chamber 13. The locking in this case means that the movable element 11 is fixed in the position of the chamber 13 in different states.The movable element 11 may not continue to move up and down on the chamber 13, but may instead be held in a fixed position. Consequently, in some embodiments, the sliding element is locked in a specific fixed position on the chamber 13 to accommodate the test element, which may be referred to as the first position or initial first position. The sliding element 11 is very light on its own. After being fitted with the test element, or a carrier to support the test element, it is even lighter in some embodiments. Consequently, the notch 151 and the protruding rib strip 118 can be easily designed, provided they can be fitted together. In some embodiments, the notched structure of the sheet is located close to the sliding groove 140 with a lower surface of the chamber and near the upper end of the chamber.Of course, there are other possible locking structures besides the one described above, such as a bolt, a plate, a mortise, and the like. For a simple design, the locking structure described in detail herein can be achieved in the easiest and most convenient way. / Rbn Ln / zznz / B / YiAi In some embodiments, the chamber for housing the test element is divided into two parts 103, 104 by symmetrical sliding grooves 132, 131. The length of the sliding grooves limits the sliding distance of the sliding element 11 on the chamber 13. The sliding distance of the sliding element is also limited by the sliding groove 140 with a lower surface of the chamber 13. For example, as shown in Figure 8, one function of the symmetrical sliding grooves 132, 131 that penetrate through the side wall is to guide the track and sliding distance of the sliding rails 112, 115 on the sliding element 11. Another important function is as follows: when there is a carrier element 16 and the sliding element 11 causes the carrier element 16 to slide together, the state of the carrier element in the chamber can be clearly identified.At the same time, when the sliding element is in the first position, a portion of the carrier is located in chamber 13, and the space of the sliding slots 132, 131 is filled by the carrier portion, which still appears as an integral structure. In some embodiments, the carrier is fixedly connected to the sliding element. The specific connection method is described in detail below. Accordingly, a function of the sliding rails 112, / «Mai / zzz / B / γ. The purpose of the sliding rails 115, arranged separately on the movable element 11, is to allow sliding on the chamber. Another important function is to connect the carrier to the movable element. The movable element 11 causes the carrier 16 to move from the first position to the second position during the sliding process. Similarly, the two sliding rails 131 and 132, which penetrate through the side wall open onto the chamber 13, reduce contact with the carrier and thus decrease the frictional force between the chamber 13 and the carrier. This facilitates the free movement of the carrier 16 within the chamber by reducing friction. This is another advantage or function of the sliding rails 131 and 132 that penetrate through the side wall 13.A large internal diameter for chamber 13 can be designed, but to achieve a compact test device and convenient operation, the lateral dimension of the carrier 16 must maintain optimal compatibility with the size of chamber 13. If the entire test device is too large, it becomes difficult to handle. For compact design, it is unavoidable to address some inherent problems of a compact structure, such as friction and the need for a locking mechanism. A structure is expected to move easily to reduce resistance when it needs to be moved internally. Therefore, one of the previous designs can meet these functional requirements. Carrier element In some detailed embodiments, the test element may also be disposed on some carrier elements; the carrier elements, therefore, contain the test element to complete the detection and testing of the analytes in fluid samples. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the detection device includes a carrier 16, and the carrier is provided with a test element 18. In some embodiments, the carrier is located in chamber 13 to house the test element, and the carrier has a first locking position and a second position in the chamber; the second position is not a locking state.As shown in Figures 9-11, for example, on some carrier 16, generally a carrier has one or more slots 1617, the test element 18 is located in slot 161, and the carrier normally has a front and a back 164, and the test element 18 is located on the front of the carrier, or is located in the front slot 161. The number of slots is not limited; generally a test element is located in one slot; and normally a test element can be used to detect one analyte in samples. Of course, a test element can be used to simultaneously detect one or more, or a plurality of, analytes. / «Μΐίη / ζζηζ / Β / γ In some detailed embodiments, the carrier 16 includes two parts, one of which is a groove structure 161. The groove structure is used to hold a test element and, generally, it is used to contain the test area or marking area of ​​the test element so that the test area or marking area is positioned in a relatively fixed and secure position. Such a design can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results. The carrier also includes an area connected to the sliding element 11. The structure of this area is designed for a fixed fit with the sliding element. In some embodiments, when the chamber for housing the test element is circular, the carrier is designed with a curved surface. Consequently, the groove for housing the test element on the carrier is distributed along a curved surface.Specifically, the carrier exhibits a regular curved surface as a whole. The middle portion of the curved surface has a central axis 1691, and the carrier is divided into two parts by this central axis 1691. Each part is provided with a slot to accommodate a test strip, and the test element is positioned in the slot 161. The central axis is provided with horizontal extension areas 1612 and 1611, and these extension areas are distributed above the slot on the central axis. In this way, when the test element 18 is placed in the slot, the extension areas can prevent damage to the test strip. The main reason for this is that, as the carrier is moved within the chamber 13, it is necessary to ensure that the test element is not damaged during the movement process and to maintain a fixed position of the test element in the slot.Otherwise, changing the position of the test element can also influence the accuracy of the final test result. For example, a domestic operation presents a high degree of arbitrariness since the operator does not possess sufficient professional knowledge, which requires the fixed position of each component for ease of operation. Furthermore, to keep the test element stationary in the groove and prevent it from separating from the groove, a rear end of the carrier is provided with a locking piece 1692 (Figure 9). The locking piece has a plane 1561 (Figure 10) in contact with the rear end of the test element, thus preventing the test strip from falling out of the groove. In the next movement, the carrier must extend out of the chamber 13, and the extended portion must be immersed in the liquid. It is undesirable for the test element to come out of the groove. At the same time, the rear end of the carrier has a cyclic structure 1698 that partially encloses the rear end of the test strip. The main function of the cyclic structure is to protect the rear end of the test strip.Because the carrier 16 causes the test strip 18 to extend beyond one end of the chamber, the extended portion is inserted into chamber 104 of a housing chamber 14 and comes into contact with a liquid sample. At that moment, a sample collection device is located in chamber 104 of the housing chamber so that the test element is not damaged and the rear end of the test strip is always protected. In some other instances, through-holes 1693, 1694, and 1695 are opened in the slot and distributed at different positions within the slot. It should be noted that one of the through-holes is positioned on the plane 1561 of a stop 1692 to communicate with the plane. When the rear end of the test element touches the surface 1561 of the stop, a portion of the test element is exposed through the hole 1695, specifically the partial application area of ​​the sample.Thus, when the carrier extends out of chamber 13 and enters the chamber of a sample collection device, it directly touches the liquid sample in the chamber of the sample collection device. The sample then comes into contact with the sample application area of ​​the test element after passing through the passage hole 1695. Another passage hole 1694 may be arranged approximately in the middle of the groove to prevent the liquid sample from wetting the test strip prematurely after passing through the capillary space formed between the back of the test element and the lower surface of the groove, which would otherwise affect the normal reaction. The passage hole acts as a blocking mechanism. Generally, the flow rate of liquid through capillary action in the test strip is much lower than the flow rate of liquid in the capillary space.Thus, if other areas of the test element are pre-wetted, for example, a test area, these areas may not be fully wetted when the liquid sample carrying the analyte flows into them. Because the test area is pre-wetted with the liquid, it lacks capillary force and therefore influences the flow of the liquid sample. In some embodiments, a fixed structure with the movable element 11 is arranged on another end of the carrier, specifically, an end near the water absorption area 184 of the test element. The carrier is connected to the movable element by the structure. In this way, the movable element moves, causing the carrier to move. The carrier not only causes the test element to move but also prevents damage to the test element. In some embodiments, the sliding element 11 is also a hollow structure having an internal space 1120. The inner side wall of the hollow structure / RbnLn / zznz / e / Y has a second sliding rail 112 and a fourth sliding rail 115. The primary function of the sliding rail is to fit into the sliding grooves 132, 131 of the chamber 11, causing the carrier to slide within the chamber.Another function is to connect the carrier to the sliding element. The sliding rail 112 and the fourth sliding rail 115 are symmetrically distributed, projecting from the hollow side wall toward the central position with a predetermined width (Figure 10), and the carrier 16 is provided with a suspension structure. The carrier is connected to the sliding rails of the moving element by the suspension structure. Specifically, the suspension structure includes three staggered strip structures 167, 166, and 1671 (as shown in Figures 11 and 9). The first strip structure 166 and the second strip structure 167 are distributed over the rear end of the carrier, and there is a gap of 800, or a predetermined distance, between the two strip structures.The width of the space corresponds to the fourth sliding rail 115 of the sliding element, such that the fourth sliding rail 115 is inserted into the space. The third strip structure 1671 is located below the first and second strip structures, is L-shaped, and has a plane. During assembly, the carrier's suspension structure moves upward from the internal space / Rbn ίη / ZZΖΠZ / Β / YΥΙΛΙ of the sliding element, such that the fourth sliding rail 115 is inserted into the suspension structure through space 800. The third strip structure 1671 is L-shaped to define the insertion depth of the second sliding rail in space 800. Specifically, similar suspension structures are arranged on both sides of the carrier, respectively.Specifically, the suspension structure includes three staggered strip structures 162, 1600, and 1621 (as shown in Figures 11 and 9). The first strip structure 162 and the second strip structure 1600 are distributed over the rear end of the carrier, with a gap 900 between them. The width of this gap corresponds to the second sliding rail 112. The third strip structure 1621 is located below the first and second strip structures and is L-shaped. This third strip structure has a plane 1606 to define the insertion depth of the second sliding rail 112. During assembly, the carrier's suspension structure is moved upward from the internal space of the sliding element so that the second sliding rail 112 is inserted into the suspension structure through the gap 900.The third strip structure 1671 is L-shaped to define the insertion depth of the second sliding rail in space. 900. The structure formed after assembling the sliding element with the carrier is shown in Figure 15. At that moment, the central axis structure 1691 of the carrier faces the third sliding rail 111; the face 164 with a recessed curved surface faces the first sliding rail 114, which faces the third sliding rail. At that moment, there is a certain distance between the third sliding rail 111 and the central axis structure 1691 (Figure 14: 202 as shown by the double-headed curved arrow). There is also a certain distance between the face 164 with a recessed curved surface and the first sliding rail 114 (Figure 14: 201 as shown by the double-headed curved arrow).The carrier is similarly suspended in the central position of the hollow sliding element 11, and the second sliding rail is connected to the fourth sliding rail by the sliding element's sliding rail. Others are not in contact with the inner wall of the hollow sliding element. These distances are configured as follows: when the side wall of chamber 13 must pass through these predetermined distances to be sleeved with the sliding element, the movable element 11 can cause the carrier element to move within chamber 13. Because the carrier and the movable element 11 are connected to each other by sliding rails 112 and 115, a sliding groove is introduced into sliding rails 115 and 112 above chamber 13 (131, 132), which is different from the design of another sliding groove 140 above the chamber.Otherwise, the carrier may not move in chamber 13. In that case, the sliding element is positioned outside the outer wall of chamber 13. Two different shapes of sliding rails are matched to the different shapes of the sliding grooves on chamber 13. The carrier connects to the sliding element 11, which is designed to be installed in chamber 13, thereby causing the movable element 11 to move while supported on the outside, thus allowing the carrier to move in chamber 13. It should be noted herein that in the detailed embodiments described above, two pairs of sliding rails are arranged on the movable element. It is understood that even if any pair of sliding rails is insufficient, the movable element 11 can cause either the test element 18 or the carrier element 16 to move from the first locked position to the second position in chamber 13. When the sliding element with a carrier element is assembled onto the chamber 13, for example, as shown in Figure 15, the chamber has an open sliding groove 132, 131; and the sliding groove / Rbn ίη / ZZΖΠZ / Β / YΙΛΙ divides the chamber into two parts 103, 104. At the same time, a limiting structure is arranged in one portion of the chamber, and the limiting structure allows the carrier to enter the chamber 13 only from one direction. Specifically, the limiting structure is similar to two symmetrically configured wing-type sheet structures 138, 137. The two sheet structures are closed at the edges 1381, 1371 to have an integral figure-eight shape and extend toward the center of the chamber from the inner wall of the chamber 13.When the product is to be assembled, the movable element with the carrier is inserted from one end of chamber 13. The insertion direction is that in which the concave curved surface of the carrier touches the limiting structures 137 and comes into contact with the edges 1371 and 1381 of the limiting structure, thus sliding into chamber 13. The function of the limiting structure is to define the carrier's entry direction; the concave curved surface of the carrier only enters chamber 13 by resting on the edges of the limiting structure. Furthermore, the contact between the edges of the limiting structure and the concave curved surface guides the carrier's movement.At that moment, when the second sliding rail 112 and the fourth sliding rail 115 enter the sliding slots 131, 132, respectively, of the chamber, the edges 1371, 1381 of the wing-type sheet structures 138, 137 touch the concave face of the curved surface carrier, and the side wall 131 of the partial chamber 13 will pass through the space between the concave face 164 of the curved surface and the side wall of the chamber of the sliding element 11. The side wall 104 of the partial chamber 13 will pass through the space between the third sliding rail 111 of the sliding element and the central shaft structure 1691 of the curved surface carrier. In this way, the third sliding rail 111 and the fourth sliding rail 114 located on the sliding element are paired with the sliding grooves 140 and 1400 on the surface of the outer wall of the chamber 11.When the movable element 11 moves on the outer surface of the chamber 13, the sliding position of the carrier in the chamber 13 is always kept longitudinally consistent to achieve a stable path and direction by resting on the sliding rails on the movable element 11 and the sliding groove of the chamber 13, edges of the limiting structure. In this way, a portion of the side wall 103 of the chamber 13 for accommodating the carrier is located between the concave face 164 of the carrier 16 and the side wall of the sliding element (as shown by the double-headed arrow). Another portion of the side wall 104 of the chamber 13 for accommodating the carrier is located between the central axis structure 1691 of the carrier 16 and the other side wall of the sliding element. For example, Figure 15 shows a diagram of the three-dimensional structure in which the sliding element is mounted at one end of chamber 11 and positioned in the locked position. As can be seen in Figure 15, when the concave face 164 of the curved surface is not in contact with the edges of the wing-type sheet structures 138, 137, but changes direction, and the central axis structure 1691 of the curved surface carrier faces the wing-type sheet structures, the carrier 16 may not enter chamber 13 correctly. This configuration is for assembly purposes and is error-free. This configuration will form a more compact structure, and at the same time, the movement of the carrier in chamber 13 will not be altered or obstructed. During assembly, the protruding structure near the first sliding rail aligns with the notched structure above the chamber, positioning the sliding element above chamber 13. At this point, the carrier and the test element on the carrier are indirectly locked into the relatively fixed position of the chamber. The entire carrier and the test strip on the carrier are then surrounded by chamber 13. Only a sample collection device is exposed outside the detection device, prompting the operator to spontaneously collect a sample with the collection device upon seeing this structure. After collecting the sample, the collection device is inserted into the chamber of the housing device 14. The housing device is then placed vertically on the table.The inner wall of the housing opening mates with the outer rim 109 at the other end of the chamber 13 such that the outer rim 109 is inserted into the opening of the housing chamber; on one side, the opening is sealed to prevent loss of the liquid sample during operation. For example, the collection element 2022 of a sample collection device is used to absorb saliva, urine, sputum, or nasal secretion and is then inserted into the housing device 14. At that time, the opening is sealed by the outer rim 109. At that time, the movable element is in the first locked position and the test element 18 of the carrier is in the chamber 13. When the test is to be carried out, the movable element is placed in the unlocked state and then moved to the second position from the first position.This movement is specifically as follows: the movement of the sliding rail on the movable element and the sliding groove on the chamber 13 causes the carrier to move such that a portion of the carrier extends out of chamber 13. The extended portion also enters the chamber of the housing device 14. In this way, a portion of the sample application area of ​​the test element comes into contact with the liquid sample. The liquid sample flows from upstream of the test element to downstream of the marked area depending on the capillary action generated by the water absorption of the test element. Accordingly, the test area completes the detection or assay of the analyte in the sample.At that moment, due to the positional change, the test area of ​​the test element is located under window 143 to read the test result onto the camera 13, which can read the test result onto the test area. After reading the test result, the entire detection device can be discarded. The housing device 14 includes a housing chamber 141 that accommodates a sample collection device and a portion of the carrier. Two support walls 143 and 142 also provide support walls so that the housing device is securely placed on the table. Cover body structure As shown in Figures 5 and 18, in some embodiments, the detection device of the present invention further includes a cover body element 12. The cover body element is mated with an opening / Rbn ίη / ZZΖΠZ / B / YILI at one end of the chamber 13. The end opening is used to encase the movable element 11. The cover body includes a main cover body 124 and a cover extension portion 125; and the cover body has symmetrically arranged sliding rails. The sliding rail is mated with sliding grooves 131, 132 of the chamber and positioned within the chamber 13. In this way, the cover body can be stably inserted into one end of the chamber opening 13. One end of the chamber opening is in a sealed state.The sliding track of the cover body has a hollow channel chamber 121 and elastic wing-type compression pieces 122, 123, distributed on both sides. When the cover body is inserted into the chamber opening 13, the elastic compression pieces contact the inner wall of chamber 13, preventing the cover body from easily dislodging. To achieve a more secure attachment of the cover body to chamber 13, one end of the chamber opening 13 is provided with one or more suspension structures. The suspension structure is similar to a hook structure. As shown in Figure 7, the suspension structure 133 includes a hook body 154 and a hook handle 153. These structures can be designed in pairs, for example, structures 133, 134 as shown in Figure 7. These structures are basically a portion of the side wall of the chamber.The cover body has a hook structure paired with a suspension hook, for example, a portion of the cover rim 108 and a platform structure 128 as shown in Figure 19; when the cover body 12 covers the chamber 13, the internal sliding rail is inserted into the sliding groove; the suspension hook on the outer surface of the chamber 13 is paired with the corresponding cover body structure so that the cover body is fixed at one end of the chamber opening 13 more firmly. The following specific technical solutions are a part of the present invention. 1. A device for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising a chamber for receiving a test element, wherein the test element has a first position and a second position in the chamber; the test element is not in contact with a fluid sample when the test element is located in the first position and the test element is in contact with the fluid sample when the test element is located in the second position. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the chamber is further connected to a fluid sample collection device, and the fluid sample collection device is arranged at one end of the chamber. / Rbn ίη / ΖΖΠΖ / Β / ΥΙΛΙ 3. The device according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the test element and the chamber are in a locked state when the test element is in the second position. 4. Ξ1 device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein a portion of the test element is extended out of the chamber when the test element is in the second position. 5. Ξ1 device according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the chamber further comprises a carrier for supporting the test element; the carrier has a first position and a second position in the chamber; and the carrier causes the test element to change or move between the first position and the second position; alternatively, the carrier causes the test element to move from the first position to the second position. 6. Ξ1 device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the carrier is connected to the camera by means of a locking structure; the carrier does not move with respect to the camera when the carrier is in a first locking position; alternatively, the carrier is able to move to the second position from the first position with respect to the camera when the locking structure is unlocked. 7. Ξ1 device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein when the carrier is in the first position, the entire carrier is completely in the chamber; when the carrier is in the second position, a portion of the carrier extends out of the chamber and thus comes into contact with the liquid sample. 8. The device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the device further comprises a movable element; the movable element is connected to the carrier; and the movable element is capable of moving the carrier from the first position to the second position. 9. The device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the movable element comprises a first sliding rail and a second sliding rail; and the carrier is fixedly connected to a second sliding rail. 10. The device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the chamber comprises a first sliding groove matched with the first sliding rail of the movable element and a second sliding groove matched with the second sliding rail of the movable element; the second sliding groove is through a side wall of the chamber, and the first sliding groove is located on an external surface of the chamber. / Rbn ίη / ΖΖΠΖ / Β / ΥΙΛΙ 11. The device according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the movable element comprises a portion of the locking structure, and the chamber comprises another portion of the locking structure; and the movable element is fixed onto the chamber by means of the locking structure. 12. The device according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the carrier comprises a suspension structure, and the carrier is fixedly connected on the second sliding rail by means of the suspension structure. 13. The device according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the locking structure comprises a protrusion structure and a notch structure; the movable element comprises the protrusion structure and an outer chamber wall comprises a notch structure. 14. The device according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the notch structure is situated in a sheet structure on a side wall of the chamber; the sheet structure is a portion of the side wall of the chamber; at the same time, the sheet structure is elastic. 15. The device according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the movable element is encased on an external surface of the chamber, and the carrier and the second sliding rail are located in the chamber of the test element; the first sliding rail is located on the external surface of the chamber and paired with the first sliding groove on the surface of the chamber. 16. The device according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the chamber comprises a limiting structure; the limiting structure comprises an edge; the concave surface of the carrier is in contact with the edge of the limiting structure, wherein the carrier comprises a central axis structure. 17. The device according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein the chamber for receiving the test element comprises a first chamber side wall and a second chamber side wall, wherein the first chamber side wall faces the concave surface of the carrier, and the second chamber side wall faces the central axis structure. 18. The device according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein the device further comprises a housing device; the housing device is used to contain the sample collection device and a portion of the test element. 19. The device according to any one of claims 1-18, wherein the portion of the test element comprises a partial sample application area. 20. The device according to any one of claims 1-19, wherein the sample is one of saliva, sputum, urine, and nasal secretion; and the analyte comprises coronavirus. 21. A method for detecting an analyte in a sample, wherein the method comprises the steps of: providing a detection device; and the device comprises a carrier for housing a test element; the carrier is located in a chamber; the carrier is fixedly connected to a movable element above the chamber such that the movable element has a first locked position and a second position. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the movable element is fixed to the camera by means of a locking structure. 23. The method according to claim 21, wherein the movable element is allowed to be unlocked, and the movable element is moved to the second position from the first position, causing the carrier to move from the first position to the second position. 24. The method according to claim 21, wherein the carrier is located in the chamber and is not exposed when the movable element is located in the first position; / «bn Ln / zznz / B / YiAi the carrier is exposed outside the chamber and in contact with a liquid sample when the movable element is located in the second position. 25. The method according to claim 24, wherein a housing device is provided, wherein the housing device is used to contain the sample collection device; the sample collection device is first inserted into the housing device and the movable element is then moved to the second position from the first position. 26. The method according to claim 24, wherein the sample collection device is configured over the detection device; a portion of the detection device is allowed to enter the housing chamber and the housing chamber is sealed while the sample collection device is inserted into the housing device. 27. The method according to claim 23, wherein the movable element is paired with a sliding rail by means of a sliding groove to move from the first position to the second position. 28. The method according to claim 27, wherein the sliding rail is configured on the chamber of the movable element; and the sliding groove is arranged on an outer wall of the chamber to contain the carrier. 29. The method according to claim 22, wherein the locking structure comprises a protrusion structure located on the movable element and a notch structure located on the chamber and used to receive a protrusion. 30. The method according to claim 29, wherein the movable element is in a locked position, the protrusion structure is in the notch structure; when the movable element is in an unlocked position, the protrusion structure is separated from the notch structure. All patents and publications mentioned in the description of the present invention are descriptions of the prior art and may be used in the present invention. All patents and publications referred to herein are incorporated in the references as if they referred specifically to each individual publication separately. The invention described herein may be implemented in the absence of any one or more elements, or any one or more limitations, not specifically enumerated herein. For example, the expressions "comprising" or "comprising," "consisting" or "consisting substantially of," and "consisting" or "consisting of" in each instance of this document may be replaced by any of the other two remaining terms.The term "one" or "an" herein means only one, although it does not preclude the inclusion of two or more instead of just one. The terms and expressions used herein are descriptive rather than restrictive, and it is not intended to suggest that these terms and expressions in the description exclude any equivalents, but rather that any appropriate change or modification may be made within the scope of the present invention and the appended claims.It should be understood that the embodiments described in the present invention are some preferred embodiments and features, and any person skilled in the art may make some changes and modifications based on the substance of the description of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are deemed to fall within the scope of the present invention and the independent and appended claims. It is hereby stated that, as of this date, the best method known to the applicant for putting the aforementioned invention into practice is the one that is clear from the present description of the invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting an analyte in a sample, characterized in that it comprises a chamber for receiving a test element, wherein the test element has a first position and a second position in the chamber; the test element is not in contact with a fluid sample when the test element is located in the first position and the test element is in contact with the fluid sample when the test element is located in the second position.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber is further connected to a fluid sample collection device, and the fluid sample collection device is arranged at one end of the chamber.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the test element and the chamber are in a locked state when the test element is in the first position.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a portion of the test element extends outward from the chamber when the test element is in the second position. / Rbn ίη / ZZΖΠZ / Β / YΙΛΙ 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber further comprises a carrier for supporting the test element; the carrier has a first position and a second position in the chamber; and the carrier causes the test element to change or move between the first position and the second position; or the carrier causes the test element to move from the first position to the second position.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the carrier is connected to the camera by means of a locking structure; the carrier does not move with respect to the camera when the carrier is in a first locking position, or the carrier is able to move to the second position from the first position with respect to the camera when the locking structure is unlocked.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that when the carrier is in the first position, the entire carrier is completely in the chamber; and when the carrier is in the second position, a portion of the carrier extends out of the chamber and thus comes into contact with the liquid sample.

8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a movable element; the movable element is connected to the carrier; and the movable element is capable of causing the carrier to move from the first position to the second position.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the movable element comprises a first sliding rail and a second sliding rail; the carrier is fixedly connected to a second sliding rail.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the chamber comprises a first sliding groove matched with the first sliding rail of the movable element and a second sliding groove matched with the second sliding rail of the movable element; the second sliding groove enters through a side wall of the chamber, and the first sliding groove is situated on an external surface of the chamber.

11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the movable element comprises a portion of the locking structure, and the chamber comprises another portion of the locking structure; the movable element is fixed onto the chamber by means of the locking structure.

12. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the carrier comprises a suspension structure, and the carrier is fixedly connected on the second sliding rail by the suspension structure.

13. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the locking structure comprises a protrusion structure and a notch structure; the movable element comprises the protrusion structure and an outer wall of the chamber comprises a notch structure.

14. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that the notch structure is situated in a sheet structure on a side wall of the chamber; the sheet structure is a portion of the side wall of the chamber; at the same time, the sheet structure is elastic 15. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the movable element is encased on an external surface of the chamber, and the carrier and the second sliding rail are located in the chamber to accommodate the test element; the first sliding rail is located on the external surface of the chamber and paired with the first sliding groove on the surface of the chamber.

16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the chamber comprises a limiting structure; the limiting structure comprises an edge; the carrier is a curved surface structure; a concave surface of the carrier is in contact with the edge of the limiting structure, wherein the carrier comprises a central axis structure.

17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that the chamber for receiving the test element comprises a first chamber side wall and a second chamber side wall, wherein the first chamber side wall faces the concave surface of the carrier, and the second chamber side wall faces the central axis structure.

18. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a housing device; the housing device is used to house the sample collection device and a portion of the test element.

19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the portion of the test element comprises a portion of a sample application area.

20. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sample is one of saliva, sputum, urine / Rbn ίη / ZZΖΠZ� / Β / YΥΙΛΙ and nasal secretion; and the analyte comprises coronavirus.

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