METHOD AND DEVICE FOR NOISE SUPPRESSION IN THE SEISMOGRAM OF A COMMON EXCITATION POINT, INFORMATION CARRIER AND PROCESSOR

Claims

1. A method for suppressing noise in a seismogram of a common excitation point, comprising: extracting data of a plurality of target seismic traces from a seismogram of a common source point and obtaining a three-dimensional seismogram of a common displacement vector based on the data of the plurality of target seismic traces, wherein the data of the plurality of target seismic traces have the same displacement and the same azimuth angle; performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of a three-dimensional seismogram of a common displacement vector based on the Fourier-Mellin transform to obtain the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform; selecting the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform based on the difference between the apparent velocities of the coherent noise and the effective reflected wave in the three-dimensional seismogram of the common displacement vector to obtain the target coefficient of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform; recovering the target coefficient of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform to obtain the target three-dimensional seismogram of the common displacement vector; and using seismic trace data from a target 3D common displacement vector seismogram to replace target seismic trace data in a common source seismogram.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining a three-dimensional common displacement vector seismogram based on data from a plurality of target seismic traces comprises rearranging the data from the plurality of target seismic traces based on their corresponding spatial coordinates to obtain a three-dimensional common displacement vector seismogram.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of a three-dimensional seismogram of a common displacement vector based on the Fourier-Mellin transform to obtain the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform comprises using the mother wavelet function of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform to construct a discrete form of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform that ensures the accuracy of pre-stack seismic data reconstruction to obtain a three-dimensional wavelet; and multiplying the three-dimensional seismogram of the general displacement vector by the three-dimensional wavelet in the Fourier-Mellin domain and performing the inverse Fourier transform to obtain the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the multiplication of the three-dimensional seismogram of the general displacement vector by the three-dimensional wavelet in the Fourier-Mellin domain comprises resampling the three-dimensional common displacement vector seismogram and transforming the resampled three-dimensional common displacement vector seismogram into the Fourier-Mellin domain to obtain the first transformed data; resampling the three-dimensional wavelet and transforming the resampled three-dimensional wavelet into the Fourier-Mellin domain to obtain second transformed data; and multiplying the first transformed data by the second transformed data.

5. The method according to item 4, in which the execution of a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of a three-dimensional seismogram of a general displacement vector based on the Fourier-Mellin transform is carried out according to the formula where is FMT COV (β1, β2, β3) is the result of resampling the three-dimensional seismogram of the general displacement vector with subsequent Fourier-Mellin transform; and FMT ψ (β1, β2, β3) is the result of resampling a three-dimensional wavelet followed by the Fourier-Mellin transform.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the selection of the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform based on the difference in the apparent velocities of the coherent noise and the effective reflected wave in the three-dimensional seismogram of the common displacement vector to obtain the target coefficient of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform comprises: converting the apparent velocity of coherent noise into the first inclination angle; and selecting coefficients of a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform using a first inclination angle, and using a coefficient of a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform with an inclination angle smaller than the first inclination angle as a target coefficient of a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein selecting the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform using the first inclination angle comprises setting the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform with an inclination angle greater than the first inclination angle to zero.

8. A device for suppressing noise in a seismogram of a common excitation point, which contains a data extraction module configured to extract data of a plurality of target seismic traces from a seismogram of a common source point and obtain a three-dimensional seismogram of a common displacement vector based on the data of the plurality of target seismic traces, wherein the data of the plurality of target seismic traces have the same displacement and the same azimuth angle; a transform module configured to perform a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of a three-dimensional common displacement vector seismogram based on a Fourier-Mellin transform to obtain three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficients; a selection module configured to select coefficients of a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform based on a difference in apparent velocities of a coherent noise and an effective reflected wave in a three-dimensional seismogram of a common displacement vector to obtain a target coefficient of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform; a data recovery module configured to recover a target coefficient of a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform to obtain a target three-dimensional common displacement vector seismogram; and a data replacement module configured to use seismic trace data from a target three-dimensional common displacement vector gather to replace target seismic trace data in a common source gather.

9. A processor configured to implement the method for suppressing noise in a common source seismogram according to any one of paragraphs 1-7.

10. A machine-readable storage medium that stores instructions that, when executed by a processor, configure the processor to implement the method for suppressing noise in a seismogram of a common excitation point according to any of paragraphs 1-7.