Damping pad for rail fastening unit

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of railway track superstructure, namely to the design of a damping pad used in rail fastenings on a switchless track section. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to ensure more stable and reliable operation of the damping pad when bearing multidirectional external loads, increasing the service life of both the pad itself and the rail fastening assembly. The pad is a rectangular plate having a U-shaped groove formed along its short side with projections on the lateral sides of said groove. Moreover, the U-shaped groove and the projections on the lateral sides of said groove of the pad are designed with the possibility of connecting, respectively, with a projection and recesses on the lower surface of a lateral rail fastening stop. Moreover, the U-shaped groove of the pad and the projection on the lower surface of the lateral stop are made with roundings. 5 c.p. fils, 7 figs., 2 pr.

Description

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway track superstructure, specifically to the design of a damping pad used in rail fastenings on a track section without switches and installed between the rail and the sub-rail base (ballastless slabs, sleepers, beams, etc.). The utility model can be used in the construction of high-speed tracks for mainline and industrial transport.

[0002] A prior art damping pad for a rail fastening assembly (RU Patent No. 2815139, published March 11, 2024) is a rectangular plate with a U-shaped groove formed along its short side, forming projections on the lateral sides of said groove. The U-shaped groove of the pad is designed to accommodate a stop for a lateral rail fastening.

[0003] A disadvantage of the damping pad design discussed is its placement relative to the side stop, where the inner surface of the pad's U-shaped groove contacts the outer surface of the side stop's walls. In this case, the vertical external load during the passage of a train is applied only to the area of ​​the damping pad located between its grooves, which may be insufficient to evenly distribute this load. Furthermore, the projections on the sides of the U-shaped groove are not involved in supporting the vertical load, which reduces the reliability and service life of the rail fastening.

[0004] Furthermore, the interaction of the U-shaped groove of the gasket with the side stop without any engagement of the parts between themselves can lead to the side stop flying out of the rail fastening during operation, which also indicates the insufficient reliability of the damping gasket design under consideration.

[0005] A prior art damping pad for a rail fastening assembly (RU Patent No. 236923, published August 29, 2025) is considered the closest analogue to the claimed solution. It is a rectangular plate with a U-shaped groove formed along its short side, forming projections on the lateral sides of said groove. Moreover, the U-shaped groove and the projections on the lateral sides of said pad groove are designed to be connected, respectively, to a rectangular projection and recesses on the lower surface of the lateral rail fastening stop.

[0006] In this case, the relative movement of the damping pad and the side stop is limited by engaging the pad's U-shaped groove with the side stop's projection. Moreover, due to the contact between the projections of the damping pad's "fork" and the recess on the bottom of the side stop, not only the underrail portion of the pad, but also the additional surface area of ​​its projections, is used to distribute and transmit the vertical external load. This increases the operational reliability and service life of the rail fastening assembly.

[0007] However, the U-shaped groove of the damping pad leads to stress concentrations in the corners of the groove when it contacts the rectangular projection of the side stop, which gradually deteriorates both components over time. All this indicates an insufficient service life and reliability of the rail fastening assembly that includes such a damping pad.

[0008] The technical problem of the claimed utility model is the creation of a damping lining for a rail fastening unit, which ensures an increase in the service life of the rail fastening unit.

[0009] The technical result of the claimed utility model is to ensure more stable and reliable operation of the damping pad when subjected to multidirectional external loads, increasing the service life of both the pad itself and the rail fastening unit.

[0010] The technical result is achieved by using a damping pad for a rail fastening assembly. The pad is a rectangular plate with a U-shaped groove formed along its short side, forming projections on the lateral sides of said groove. Moreover, the U-shaped groove and the projections on the lateral sides of said pad groove are designed to connect with a projection and recesses on the lower surface of the side rail fastening stop, respectively. Moreover, the U-shaped groove of the pad and the projection on the lower surface of the side stop are rounded.

[0011] In a particular case, the long side of the U-shaped groove is located along the short side of the gasket, the short side of the U-shaped groove is located along the long side of the gasket.

[0012] In a particular case, the rounding of the U-shaped groove of the gasket is made with such a radius that the length of the straight section along the long side of the said groove of the gasket is made no less than the length of the straight section along the short side of the said groove.

[0013] In a particular case, the width of the U-shaped groove of the gasket is made smaller than the width of the recess on the lower surface of the side stop.

[0014] In a particular case, trapezoidal protrusions are made on the upper surface of the gasket, located parallel to the short side of the gasket.

[0015] In a particular case, trapezoidal protrusions are made in the area of ​​protrusions located on the sides of the U-shaped groove of the gasket.

[0016] Providing the ability to connect the projections on the sides of the U-shaped groove of the gasket with the recesses on the lower surface of the side stop, as in the case of the closest analogue, makes it possible to “insert” the said projections of the gasket inside the stop or, in other words, to install the stop on top of the said projections of the gasket, which ensures an increase in the contact area of ​​the gasket and the stop for a more uniform and distributed damping of the vertically directed external load during the movement of the rail vehicle.

[0017] The U-shaped groove of the damping pad with roundings, as well as the ability to connect this groove with a rectangular projection on the bottom surface of the side stop, ensures tighter and more uniform contact between the surfaces of the components, eliminating the occurrence of corner zones with increased concentrations of destructive stress. This increases the contact area between the U-shaped groove of the pad and the projection of the side stop, allowing for a smoother and more even distribution of not only the vertical load from the train but also the lateral external load.

[0018] The long side of the U-shaped groove of the gasket is positioned along its short side, ensuring contact between the gasket and the longer side of the rectangular projection of the stop. This increases the contact area between the two parts, allowing for greater absorption and uniform absorption of lateral external loads.

[0019] Making roundings of the U-shaped groove of the gasket with such a radius that the length of the straight section B along the long side of the specified

[0020] the groove is made no less than the length of the straight section A (see Fig. 1, 4) along the short side of the said groove, which makes it possible to additionally preserve the above-mentioned principle, when the longer side of the groove of the gasket is connected to the projection of the lateral stop for the perception and more uniform damping of the lateral external load arising during the movement of the rail vehicle.

[0021] In this case, the value of the radius of the rounding of the U-shaped groove of the gasket is in the range of values ​​from 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the specified groove.

[0022] Making the length B of the U-shaped groove of the gasket shorter than the length A of the specified groove leads to the formation of an insufficient contact area between the gasket and the stop, which takes up the lateral external load, which is reflected in a decrease in the service life and reliability of the rail fastening.

[0023] Making the U-shaped groove of the pad narrower than the recess on the lower surface of the side stop allows for a tight overlap of the stop and pad during rail fastening assembly, providing an increased contact area or "covering" area to absorb vertically directed external loads. This also eliminates gaps between the U-shaped groove on the pad's fork and the stop's protrusion, which could trap various contaminants (small debris, dirt, dust, etc.). This further increases the service life and operational reliability of the damping pad and the rail fastening assembly.

[0024] Thus, the claimed solution ensures more stable and reliable operation of the damping pad when subjected to multidirectional external loads, increasing the service life of both the pad itself and the rail fastening unit.

[0025] Fig. 1 shows a general top view of the claimed damping gasket according to the first embodiment.

[0026] Fig. 2 shows a general view from above, which shows the connection of the damping pad according to the first embodiment and the side stop.

[0027] Fig. 3 shows a general view from below, which shows the connection of the damping pad according to the first embodiment and the side stop.

[0028] Fig. 4 shows a general top view of the claimed damping gasket according to the second embodiment.

[0029] Fig. 5 shows a general view from above, which shows the connection of the damping pad according to the second embodiment and the side stop.

[0030] Fig. 6 shows a general view from below, which shows the connection of the damping pad according to the second embodiment and the side stop.

[0031] Fig. 7 shows a general view from above, which shows the connection of the damping pad according to the second embodiment, the lining, the side stop and the adjusting bracket.

[0032] The following element symbols are shown in the figures:

[0033] 1 - damping gasket;

[0034] 2 - U-shaped groove on the short side of the gasket;

[0035] 3 - protrusions on the sides of the U-shaped groove of the gasket;

[0036] 4 - rounding of the U-shaped groove of the gasket;

[0037] 5 - side stop;

[0038] 6 - ​​recess on the lower surface of the side stop;

[0039] 7 - protrusion on the lower surface of the side stop;

[0040] 8 - rounding of the side stop protrusion;

[0041] 9 - trapezoidal protrusions on the upper surface of the gasket;

[0042] 10 - rail fastening lining;

[0043] 11 - rail fastening adjusting bracket.

[0044] According to Figs. 1, 4, the damping pad 1 of the rail fastening unit is a rectangular plate having a U-shaped groove 2 along its short side. Moreover, projections 3 are located on the lateral sides of said groove 2 of the pad 1. Such a groove 2 is formed on each short side of the pad 1, that is, the pad 1 has an H-shape due to this.

[0045] The U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1 is oriented such that its long side is located along the short side of the gasket 1, and the short sides of the groove 2 are located along the long side of the gasket 1.

[0046] In this case, the radius of the roundings 4 of the projection 3 of the gasket 1 is made such that the straight section B on the long side of the said groove 2 of the gasket 1 is made no less in size than the length of the straight section A on the short side of the said groove 2 (Fig. 1, 4).

[0047] The length B of the straight section of the long side of the U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1 is the difference between the value of the entire length of the long side of the groove 2 and the value of the double radius (or diameter) of the roundings 4 of this groove 2. The length A of the straight section of the short side of the U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1 is the difference between the value of the entire length of the short side of the groove 2 and the value of the rounding radius 4 of this groove 2. In this case, the value of the rounding radius 4 of the groove 2 of the gasket 1 is in the range of values ​​from 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the groove 2 of the gasket 1 inclusive.

[0048] According to Fig. 2, 3, 5, 6, the projections 3 on the sides of the U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1 are made with the possibility of connection with the recess 6 on the lower surface 2 of the side stop 5. The U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1 with roundings 4 is made with the possibility of connection with the rectangular projection 7 on the lower surface of the stop 5, which also has roundings 8.

[0049] In this case, the width of the U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1 is made smaller than the width of the recess 6 on the lower surface of the side stop 5.

[0050] Additionally, trapezoidal protrusions 9 may be made on the upper surface of the gasket 1, which are necessary to increase the surface area for receiving, damping and more uniformly distributing the vertically directed external load from the train (Fig. 4, 5).

[0051] In this case, the said projections 9 can be made in the area of ​​projections 3 located on the lateral sides of the U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1. This design measure makes it possible to increase the area of ​​perception of the vertical directed external load, which falls on the said projections 3 of the gasket 1, installed inside the recess 6 of the side stop 5.

[0052] The damping gasket 1 can be made of materials that provide elastic properties of the gasket, for example, from polyurethane of the “Dempflex 0425” brand, thermoplastic polyurethane of the Epalan RT 75 brand, polyurethane Sylodin 25.

[0053] The rail fastening with the claimed damping pad 1 is assembled as follows.

[0054] According to Fig. 7, a damping pad 1 having a U-shaped groove 2 and projections 3 located on the sides of said groove 2 is placed on the sub-rail base (ballastless slabs, sleepers, beams, etc.). A lining 10, a sub-rail pad (not shown), and a rail (not shown) are also placed. In this case, the pad 10 is also made in the form of a rectangular plate containing a U-shaped groove and projections located on the sides of its U-shaped groove.

[0055] Next, install the side stops 5 on both sides of the damping pad 1 and the lining 10. In this case, the recesses 6 on the lower surface of the side stop 5 are placed on top of the “fork” of the pad 1 so that the protrusions 3 of the pad 1 are tightly connected with

[0056] with a recess 6 on the stop 5, and the projection 7 of the stop 5 with roundings 8 was tightly connected to the U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1 with roundings 4. Thus, the gasket 1, the lining 10 and the side stop 5 are connected together like Lego parts, that is, the stop 5 “snaps” onto the mating parts of the gasket 1.

[0057] If necessary, an adjusting bracket 11 is installed on the protruding part of the side stop 5 to adjust the width of the track gauge.

[0058] As shown in Fig. 7, the height of the projection 7 of the side stop 5 is made such that the claimed damping pad 1, as well as the pad 10 of the rail fastening, can “fit” into the recess of the stop 5.

[0059] Example 1.

[0060] A damping gasket 1 is shown, the upper and lower surfaces of which are made smooth (Fig. 1).

[0061] The length of the straight section A along the short side of groove 2 of gasket 1 is made equal to 17 mm.

[0062] The length of the straight section B along the long side of groove 2 of gasket 1 is made equal to 23 mm.

[0063] The radius of rounding 4 of the U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1 is made equal to 17±1 mm, including the limit values.

[0064] The height of gasket 1 is made equal to 15±1 mm, including the boundary values.

[0065] Example 2.

[0066] A damping gasket 1 is shown, the upper surface of which is made with trapezoidal protrusions 9 (Fig. 4).

[0067] The length of the straight section A along the short side of the projection 4 is made equal to 17 mm.

[0068] The length of the straight section B along the long side of the projection 4 is made equal to 23 mm.

[0069] The radius of rounding 4 of the U-shaped groove 2 of the gasket 1 is made equal to 17±1 mm, including the boundary values.

[0070] The height of gasket 1 is made equal to 15±1 mm, including the boundary values.

[0071] The height of the trapezoidal protrusions 9 is made equal to 9±0.5 mm, including the boundary values.

Claims

1. A damping pad for a rail fastening unit, which is a rectangular plate having a U-shaped groove formed along its short side with the formation of projections along the lateral sides of said groove, wherein the U-shaped groove and the projections along the lateral sides of said groove of the pad are made with the possibility of connecting, respectively, with a projection and recesses on the lower surface of the stop of the lateral rail fastening, wherein the U-shaped groove of the pad and the projection on the lower surface of the stop of the lateral are made with roundings.

2. The gasket according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the long side of the U-shaped groove is located along the short side of the gasket, and the short side of the U-shaped groove is located along the long side of the gasket.

3. A gasket according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the roundings of the U-shaped groove of the gasket are made with such a radius that the length of the straight section along the long side of said groove of the gasket is made no less than the length of the straight section along the short side of said groove.

4. The gasket according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the width of the U-shaped groove of the gasket is made smaller than the width of the recess on the lower surface of the side stop.

5. A gasket according to paragraph 1, characterized in that trapezoidal projections are made on the upper surface of the gasket, located parallel to the short side of the gasket.

6. The gasket according to paragraph 4, characterized in that the trapezoidal projections are made in the area of ​​the projections located on the sides of the U-shaped groove of the gasket.

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