Tactical Arm-Worn Hemostatic Tourniquet

Abstract

This utility model pertains to medical technology, specifically to devices that temporarily stop bleeding from an injured limb, and can be used to provide first aid for vascular injuries to the upper extremities. Tourniquets are currently widely used in medical technology. The first mention in literature dates back to 1813, and tourniquets themselves were included in regimental medical kits for paramedics as early as 1738. After World War II, the term "hemostatic tourniquet" fell out of common use in Russia for many years. However, the modern combat experience of the Armed Forces has once again prompted the expansion of hemostatic devices. A tactical hemostatic tourniquet is proposed, comprising two parts of a belt sling (1) connected by a frame-loop (6). One part serves as a fixing and compression device, while the other remains movable relative to the first.The fixing part consists of two belt straps (1) sewn together at the edges. A spring lock (2) is sewn to one edge, and a frame-loop (6) is sewn to the other. The upper belt strap of the fixing part of the tourniquet is equipped with an opening reinforced with a grommet (4), through which a crank (5) is threaded. The upper belt strap of the fixing part of the tourniquet ensures the creation of the necessary compression on the soft tissues of the limb by twisting due to the perpendicular rotational-translational movement of the crank (5). The lower belt strap of the fixing part of the tourniquet is equipped with a Velcro-type contact tape (7) to ensure the fixation of the tourniquet on the uniform. The free end of the belt strap of the movable part of the tourniquet is threaded through the spring lock (2), forming a loop and ensuring the free position of the limb relative to the sleeve of the uniform.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical technology, in particular to devices that allow for the temporary stopping of bleeding from an injured limb and can be used to provide first aid in case of damage to the vessels of the upper limbs. There are various technical solutions known for temporary stopping of bleeding, which are widely used in medical practice of temporary stopping of bleeding, these include the following patents: RU 117797 U1, RU 205924 U1, RU 207732 U1, RU 217146 U1, RU 2788287 C1, RU 2799860 C1, RU 2809666 C1, RU 65747 U1, RU 72131 U1, RU 168585 U1, RU 174548 U1, RU 176573 U1, RU 221314 U1, RU 2775111 C1, RU 2794827 C1, RU 2808908 C1, RU 186088 U1.

[0002] A tourniquet-type hemostatic tourniquet (RU 177273 U1) is known. It comprises a base made of a webbing strap, which, on the side intended for application to the body, comprises, over at least a portion of its surface, an elastic pad permanently attached to said surface. A carabiner and means for securing the position of the handle are located on the base. The handle is connected to the base by a sling, which is secured to the base at both ends and connected to a belt made of webbing strap via a metal frame located on the sling, allowing free movement along it. A self-locking buckle is located on the belt, capable of being secured to the base by means of the carabiner, forming a loop adjustable in circumference.The tourniquet design, while retaining all the advantages of the prototype and other similar technical solutions from the prior art, ensures faster and easier passage of the strap (sling) through the buckle until the limb is compressed, with immediate, secure fixation of the tensioned strap in the buckle, as well as subsequent simple and quick release of the tourniquet for its removal. Furthermore, the design also allows for easier rotation of the crank during greater limb compression due to a slight increase in the number of crank revolutions, a significant reduction in pain at the junction of the moving strap and the fixed base plate, and a significant reduction in the level of trauma to the compressed limb tissue when applying the tourniquet to bare skin.

[0003] The disadvantages of this utility model are as follows: it requires additional storage space when folded on a serviceman's combat gear (pouch, case, in a uniform or equipment pocket); it cannot be manufactured independently in a unit using standard sewing tools; significant time is required for preparation for use (it must be removed from the pouch or case and a loop must be formed); there is no way to secure the collar in case the serviceman loses consciousness during self-aid; significant time is required for independent application with one hand to an injured upper limb (from 30 seconds); relatively significant cost (at 2025 prices); difficult to use in confined spaces.

[0004] The closest technical solution, according to the general set of features, is RU 2531449 C1 hemostatic tourniquet, containing the tourniquet itself, made from a flat tape, and a tourniquet retainer, characterized in that for tightening the flat tape and stopping bleeding in the cavity of the flat inelastic tape, two slings are located parallel to each other with a gap, one end of the flat tape is secured to a locking buckle made in the form of a rectangular frame, and the other end of the flat tape is connected to a locking "tongue", which, together with the buckle, ensures the formation of a loop for applying it to the patient's limb, and the tourniquet retainer is installed in the center of the flat tape and contains a base on which an indicator of the tourniquet application time is fixed and a reel is placed, in the central hole of which a lever is mounted,On the side surface of the locking reel on both sides of the lever there are radial axes with central slotted openings and disc-shaped side guides, on both edges of the base in front of the reel and behind it there are radially oriented slotted openings, while the slings of the flat tape are threaded successively, respectively, into the slotted opening in front of the reel, into the slotted opening of the radial axis of the reel and into the slotted opening behind the reel, and the ends of the slings are secured in the cavity of the flat tape.

[0005] The disadvantages of this technical solution include: a complex crank design and relatively fragile materials. When dispensing compression to the limb, the plastic crank can break, as can the structure that ensures its mobility. Cleanliness of the mechanism is crucial, as soil, ice, and snow are highly likely to clog it when used in field conditions. It is not possible to place the tourniquet on the sleeve pocket of the field uniform for constant wear and ready for use. It is relatively expensive. It is impossible to manufacture it in-house using standard-issue sewing equipment.

[0006] A tactical hemostatic tourniquet is proposed (Fig. 1), comprising two parts of a belt sling (1) connected by means of a frame-loop (6), one of which performs the fixing and compression functions, and the second remains movable relative to the first. The fixing part consists of two belt slings (1), sewn together at the edges, a spring lock (2) is sewn to one edge, and a frame-loop (6) to the other. The upper belt strap of the fixing part of the tourniquet is equipped with an opening reinforced with a grommet (4), into which a crank (5), consisting of a rod with blind nuts at the ends, is threaded. The upper belt strap of the fixing part of the tourniquet provides the creation of the necessary compression on the soft tissues of the limb by twisting due to the perpendicular rotational-translational movement of the crank (5) relative to the longitudinal belt strap.The turntable requires no additional fixing elements, as the turntable is pressed against the limb when the strap is unwound relative to its longitudinal axis. The lower strap of the tourniquet's retaining portion is equipped with a Velcro-type contact strap (7) and ensures secure placement of the entire tourniquet assembly on the outside of the field uniform sleeve pocket, ready for immediate use. The free end of the strap of the movable portion of the tourniquet is threaded through a spring lock (2) beforehand, forming a loop and ensuring the limb's free position relative to the uniform sleeve. When the tourniquet is in use, it provides initial and uniform compression to the soft tissues of the upper limb.

[0007] The technical task is:

[0008] The utility model should be made of durable materials with high reliability and ensure complete cessation of blood flow from the damaged artery of the limb in the shortest possible time.

[0009] This paper presents a new tactical hemostatic tourniquet design based on a dense belt sling, capable of temporarily stopping bleeding from an injured limb without damaging the underlying soft tissues. A metal clasp and Velcro-type contact tape allow for the device to be pre-positioned on the limb for continuous wear (Fig. 2). A crank is used to regulate the tourniquet tension, which, in turn, prevents the soft tissue compression from being reduced in the event of a person losing consciousness while providing self-aid. The tourniquet's operating principle allows for first aid or emergency self-aid in confined spaces. The tourniquet has a relatively simple design, which, without additional moving parts, allows for preparation for use in 4 steps (Fig. 2) and application in 4 actions (Fig. 3).Its production does not require complex assembly elements or large material costs, so it is possible to manufacture the turnstile using the department's standard sewing equipment.

[0010] Preparation for use and application of the sleeve hemostatic tourniquet is carried out according to the algorithms presented in Figs. 2 and 3. The design of the sleeve hemostatic tourniquet ensures constant wearing on the field uniform in readiness for use, is fixed to the sleeve pocket using Velcro contact tape (Fig. 2), secured with a loop around the limb, and the free end of the strap is placed under the flap of the sleeve pocket. According to Fig. 3, in case of injury to the upper limb, it is necessary to lift the flap of the sleeve pocket, pull the free end of the strap, the tourniquet will be fixed on the injured limb, use the crank to create the required compression on the soft tissues of the limb, ensuring the stopping of bleeding, record the time of application.

[0011] List of sources

[0012] 1. Moscow Department of Healthcare / / Charitable Foundation for the Support of Medicine "Medical Business". 2023. 1st edition. Page 68.

[0013] 2. The Great Medical Encyclopedia. Moscow, 1978.

[0014] 3. Enegolm I. Pocket book of military hygiene or notes on maintaining the health of Russian soldiers. St. Petersburg, 1813. P. 179.

[0015] 4. O. Diyanova. Domestic tourniquets and hemostatic dressings developed in Siberia. Rossiyskaya Gazeta, Novosibirsk. https: / / rg.ru / 2022 / 07 / 01 / spasut-zhizni.html. (Accessed: May 6, 2024).

[0016] 5. A.V. Trukhanov, V.P. Gureev, R.S. Aronov. Certificate No. 12385 dated February 26, 2024 for the rationalization proposal: "Method for placing a tourniquet tourniquet on a serviceman's field uniform."

[0017] 6. A.V. Trukhanov, V.P. Gureev, R.S. Aronov. Certificate No. 12450 dated May 13, 2024 for a rationalization proposal: "Tactical hemostatic tourniquet for armband wear."

[0018] 7. Patent. 65747 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 12. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUE.

[0019] 8. Patent. 72131 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 12. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUE.

[0020] 9. Patent 117797 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 12. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUET.

[0021] 10. Patent. 168585 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 12. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUET.

[0022] 11. Patent. 174548 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 12. Worm-drive hemostatic tourniquet.

[0023] 12. Patent. 176573 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 12. TOOTHED BELT HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUET.

[0024] 13. Patent. 177273 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 12. Tourniquet-type hemostatic tourniquet.

[0025] 14. Patent. 186088 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 12. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUE.

[0026] 15. Patent 205924 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 132. Tourniquet-type hemostatic tourniquet.

[0027] 16. Patent 207732 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 132. Hemostatic device.

[0028] 17. Patent 217146 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 132. Reusable hemostatic tourniquet.

[0029] 18. Patent. 221314 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 132. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUE WITH RATCHET MECHANISM.

[0030] 19. Patent. 2531449 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 12. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUE.

[0031] 20. Patent. 2775111 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 132. VENOUS HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUE.

[0032] 21. Patent. 2788287 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 32. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUET.

[0033] 22. Patent. 2794827 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 132. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUE.

[0034] 23. Patent. 2799860 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 132. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUE.

[0035] 24. Patent. 2808908 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 132. Hemostatic tourniquet.

[0036] 25. Patent. 2809666 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17 / 132. HEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUE.

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