Adjusting bracket

Abstract

The utility model relates to the design of a railway track superstructure, in particular to the design of an adjusting shackle used in rail fastenings on a switchless track section and intended for adjusting the track gauge. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the service life and reliability of the shackle and the rail fastening as a whole by increasing the surface area for supporting the lateral external load from a train. It is a plate comprising a central portion and lateral hooks for fixation in recesses of a lateral stop located on its upper surface, wherein the lateral hooks are designed as bends with roundings. Moreover, the central portion of the shackle comprises upper and lower protruding portions of the same length, not exceeding the length of the rear wall of the lateral stop on which the shackle is mounted. 3 c.p. fils, 5 figs., 1 pr.

Description

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway track superstructure, specifically to the design of an adjusting bracket used in rail fastenings on a track section without switches and intended for adjusting track gauge. The utility model can be used in the construction of high-speed tracks for mainline and industrial transport.

[0002] During operation of a rail fastening, especially on tight-radius curves, the flanges of the backing plate or the back wall of the side stop on the rail side can be significantly abraded by the rail foot. Abrasion of the flanges of the backing plate or the back wall of the side stop can also occur if the fasteners are not tightened sufficiently. This results in an increase in track gauge, which reduces the operational reliability of the rail fastening as a whole and impacts train safety.

[0003] To extend the service life of rail fastenings, adjusting clamps are used. They are secured to the flanges of the lining on the under-rail side or to the rear wall of the side stop projection located on the rail side. The adjusting clamp is secured using side hooks that grip the sides of the lining flange or side hooks located in recesses on the upper surface of the side stop on the clamp side.

[0004] In addition to its function of adjusting the track gauge, the adjusting shackle also serves as a rail fastening element that supports the lateral external load of the train. It is important to maintain a balance between the material consumption of the adjusting shackle design and the shackle's sufficient surface area to support this load.

[0005] A prior art adjustment bracket (RU Patent No. 234937, published June 17, 2025) is considered the closest analogue to the claimed solution. It consists of a plate comprising a central portion and side hooks for securing to the flanges of a lining, the side hooks being formed as rounded bends. The central portion of the bracket and the side hooks are of the same height, and the upper end of the adjustment bracket is beveled along its entire length.

[0006] The bracket in question can be used when, upon installation in the rail fastening, the bottom of the rail foot is within the center of the bracket. Only then can the bracket perform its function of adjusting the track gauge while also supporting the external lateral load acting on the rail and rail fastening during train movement.

[0007] The specified alignment of the rail base's lower edge with the central portion of the adjusting clevis is only possible when the clevis is installed on a rail chock, the rail section of which is flush with its clamp section. Installing the clevis of this design on a side stop rather than on a chock may result in the lower edge of the rail base being positioned below the clevis's central portion. In this case, the contact area between the rail base and the clevis will be insufficient to fully adjust the track gauge and support lateral external loads. Therefore, this clevis design does not provide the required reliability when installed in a rail fastening with a side stop.

[0008] Furthermore, the presence of a bevel on only one end of the bracket results in the only possible installation option: with the beveled end facing the rail, which is necessary for its sliding into the mounting position and simplifies installation. In other words, the bracket in question has an asymmetrical design relative to the horizontal plane.

[0009] The technical problem of this utility model is the creation of an adjusting bracket that allows the width of the rail track to be adjusted and the lateral external load to be absorbed when the bracket is installed on the lateral stop of the rail fastening.

[0010] The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the service life and reliability of the bracket and the rail fastening as a whole by increasing the surface area for perceiving the lateral external load from the train.

[0011] The technical result is achieved by using an adjusting bracket designed to adjust the track gauge when installed on a side stop of a rail fastening. The bracket consists of a plate comprising a central portion and side hooks for securing it in recesses of the side stop located on its upper surface. The side hooks are formed as rounded bends. The central portion of the bracket comprises upper and lower protruding portions of equal length, not exceeding the length of the rear wall of the side stop on which the bracket is mounted.

[0012] In this particular case, the upper and lower protruding parts of the bracket are made of the same height.

[0013] In a particular case, the height of the central part of the bracket with the upper and lower protruding parts does not exceed the height of the rear wall of the side stop on which the bracket is installed.

[0014] In a particular case, a bevel is made on the end of the upper protruding part of the bracket.

[0015] In a particular case, the central part of the bracket with the upper and lower protruding parts is connected to an additional plate of the same dimensions.

[0016] The presence of a lower protruding portion of the shackle, the length of which does not exceed the rear wall of the side stop, allows for the formation of an additional lower zone of the shackle, which contacts the rail base regardless of the position of the rail's lower edge relative to the rear wall of the side stop. This ensures track gauge adjustment and increases the surface area for supporting the lateral external load from the train, resulting in increased shackle life and reliability.

[0017] The presence of an upper protruding part of the shackle, the length of which does not exceed the length of the rear wall of the side stop, allows for an increased area of ​​the upper shackle, covering the rear wall of the side stop, which is located above the surface of the rail base. When the train is moving, the lateral external load is first supported by the metal upper protruding part of the shackle and then distributed throughout the side stop. This improves the operational reliability of both the shackle and the side stop of the rail fastening.

[0018] The location of the central part of the bracket with the upper and lower protruding parts completely within the rear wall of the side stop ensures a tight fit of the surfaces of the two parts, which improves the reliability of the bracket and rail fastening design.

[0019] Also, by arranging the height of the central part of the bracket with its lower and upper protruding parts so that this height does not exceed the height of the rear wall of the side stop, the bracket can be positioned so that its upper protruding part does not extend beyond the upper end of the rear wall of the side stop. Considering that the terminal components (whiskers or loop) are located on this end of the side stop after it is loaded, this placement prevents contact between the terminal components and the installed bracket, which could lead to damage during operation.

[0020] In addition, making the upper and lower protruding parts of the bracket the same length and the same height allows for a symmetrical design of the bracket both relative to the vertical plane and relative to the horizontal plane, which makes it more versatile in use: the bracket can be installed in a rail fastening so that both the lower protruding part and the upper protruding part of the bracket can be located at the bottom.

[0021] The protruding upper and lower parts of the bracket allow the bracket's side hooks to be of a height sufficient for insertion into the recesses on the upper surface of the side stop on the terminal side. This design feature reduces the material consumption of the solution.

[0022] These features of the proposed adjusting bracket allow for a universal, symmetrical bracket design for use in rail fastenings with a side stop. The bracket design also provides the necessary and sufficient surface area to absorb, absorb, and distribute external lateral loads. As a result, the proposed adjusting bracket fully performs its track gauge adjustment functions while also offering high operational reliability, increasing the service life of the side stop and the rail fastening as a whole.

[0023] Fig. 1 shows a top view of the claimed adjusting bracket.

[0024] Fig. 2 shows the front view of the bracket.

[0025] Fig. 3 shows a general view of the bracket installed on the side stop.

[0026] Fig. 4 shows a general view of the bracket installed on the side stop, in the recess of which a damping pad and lining are located.

[0027] Fig. 5 shows a side view of a rail fastening that includes the claimed bracket.

[0028] The following elements are designated by positions on the drawings:

[0029] 1 - adjusting bracket;

[0030] 2 - side stop;

[0031] 3 - central part of the bracket;

[0032] 4 - side hooks of the bracket;

[0033] 5 - side stop notches;

[0034] 6 - terminal;

[0035] 7 - the upper protruding part of the bracket;

[0036] 8 - lower protruding part of the bracket;

[0037] 9 - damping gasket;

[0038] 10 - lining;

[0039] 11 - deepening of the side stop;

[0040] 12 - rail;

[0041] 13 - fastener.

[0042] According to Fig. 1, 2, the adjusting bracket for adjusting the track width when it is installed on the side stop 2 is a metal plate containing a central part 3 and side hooks 4 for fixing in the recesses 5 (Fig. 5) of the side stop 2, located on its upper surface on the side where the clamp 6 is installed.

[0043] The side hooks of the 4 brackets are made in the form of bends with roundings.

[0044] In this case, the central part 3 of the bracket 1 contains upper 7 and lower 8 protruding parts of the same length, which does not exceed the length of the rear wall of the side stop 2, on which the bracket 1 is installed (Fig. 3).

[0045] The upper 7 and lower 8 protruding parts of the bracket 1 are made of the same height A.

[0046] The height of the centrality of part 3 of bracket 1 with the upper 7 and lower 8 protruding parts does not exceed the height of the rear wall of the side stop 2, on which bracket 1 is installed (Fig. 3).

[0047] The claimed bracket 1 is made, for example, from steel grade 09G2S according to GOST 19281 or a material with similar properties and characteristics.

[0048] According to Fig. 5, elastic adjusting linings (not shown) are installed on the sleeper (not shown). Next, a damping lining 9 and a support 10 are installed, which are H-shaped, i.e., have a U-shaped groove on the end faces and projections located on both sides of it.

[0049] A lateral stop 2 is installed on the “fork” of the lining 10 and the damping pad 9, which on its lower surface is made with a corresponding recess 11 and a protrusion located in it (Fig. 4).

[0050] The central part 3 of the bracket 1 with the upper 7 and lower 8 protruding parts are installed on the rear wall of the side stop 2. In this case, the side hooks 4 of the bracket 1 are installed in the recesses 5 of the side stop, located on its upper surface on the side where the clamp 6 is installed. All this makes it possible to expand the range of adjustment of the fastening unit of the side stop 2 with the rail 12 and the sleeper.

[0051] Next, rail 12 is installed on lining 10.

[0052] The rail base 12 and the side stop 2 are fixed using clamps 6 and fasteners 13.

[0053] Example 1.

[0054] The height A of the central part of the bracket 1 is made equal to 15±1 mm.

[0055] The height of the upper part 7 of bracket 1 and the lower part 8 of bracket 1 is made equal to 6.5±1 mm.

[0056] The length of the central part 3 of the bracket 1 with the upper 7 and lower 8 protruding parts is made equal to 156±2 mm.

[0057] The side hooks 4 of bracket 1 are made in the form of bends with roundings of radius R equal to 7 mm.

[0058] The thickness of staple 1 can be 2, 3, or 4 mm. The nominal thickness is 4±0.3 mm, including the limit values.

[0059] If it is necessary to further increase the thickness of the bracket 1 for adjusting the track width, an additional plate is spot-welded to its central 3 part with the upper 7 and lower 8 protruding parts.

[0060] When installing an additional plate with a thickness of 2, 3, 4 mm, the thickness of the central part 3 of the bracket 1 is obtained equal to 5, 6, 8 mm.

[0061] When installing an additional plate with a thickness of 5, 6, 7, 8 mm, the thickness of the central part 3 of the bracket 1 is obtained equal to 9, 10, 11, 12 mm.

[0062] In this case, the side hooks 4 of bracket 1 have an initial bracket thickness of 2, 3, 4 mm, which is necessary to ensure the material intensity of the solution.

Claims

1. An adjusting bracket designed for adjusting the track width when installed on a side stop of a rail fastening, which is a plate containing a central part and side hooks for fixing in the recesses of the side stop located on its upper surface, wherein the side hooks are made in the form of bends with roundings, while the central part of the bracket contains upper and lower protruding parts of the same length, not exceeding the length of the rear wall of the side stop on which the bracket is installed.

2. The bracket according to item 1, characterized in that the upper and lower protruding parts of the bracket are made of the same height.

3. The bracket according to item 1, characterized in that the height of the central part of the bracket with the upper and lower protruding parts does not exceed the height of the rear wall of the side stop on which the bracket is installed.

4. The bracket according to item 1, characterized in that the central part of the bracket with the upper and lower protruding parts is connected to an additional plate of the same dimensions.

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