Autonomous universal module of a container-type mixing and charging machine (SZM-KT)

Abstract

The utility model can be used in mining, construction, road construction and other industries where the organization of blasting operations is necessary.A self-contained universal module for preparing and loading explosives, comprising a supporting frame with process equipment installed thereon, the process equipment including containers for explosive components, a mixer, a pump system for dosing the components, a control system, and a loading hose for feeding the prepared explosive; the supporting frame being made as an independent structure with external dimensions corresponding to the standardized dimensions of reusable ISO-container transport packaging; the supporting frame being provided with standardized fastening units made in accordance with ISO 1161 and located in the corner zones of the supporting frame; the process equipment on the supporting frame is mounted in such a way that the common center of mass of the assembled module is located within the central zone of the supporting frame, ensuring the stability of the module during transportation and operation. 6 ref. fil., 4 fig.

Description

[0001] FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

[0002] This utility model relates to devices for preparing explosives, including, but not limited to, emulsion, water-suspension, granular, and powdered compositions and their combinations, with the ability to transport and deliver them directly to the point of use. The utility model can be used in mining, construction, road construction, and other industries where blasting operations are required.

[0003] STATE OF THE ART

[0004] Kazakhstan Patent No. 1791: "Mixing and Charging Machine for Underground Mining." The equipment is mounted on a supporting frame with the option of being mounted on a self-propelled chassis. The emulsion matrix hopper is designed as a parallelepiped with a base shaped like an inverted pyramid with angles between the side faces exceeding 90 degrees at the apex. The similar model lacks a supporting frame, is not standardized in the dimensions of a reusable container (ISO container), and is not equipped with standardized mounting points. Therefore, the design does not allow for the use of a single chassis for different types of SPM, nor the use of a single SPM on different chassis or for multimodal transportation.

[0005] Kazakhstan Patent No. 1812: "Small-Sized Mixing and Charging Machine for Underground Mining," features a frame designed as a mobile cart with handles and protective covers, and a separate emulsion container. The frame is a mobile cart, not a fully functional supporting element for the entire equipment. The dimensions are not standardized for reusable packaging (ISO containers), and there are no standardized mounting points.

[0006] Russian Patent No. 2752067 C2: "Self-Loading Mixing and Loading Machine" – the equipment is mounted on a chassis and cannot operate independently. The supporting frame within the standardized ISO container dimensions is not self-contained, a single chassis cannot be used for different types of SPM, nor can a single SPM be used on different chassis. It is impossible to use the SPM if the chassis fails, and the design lacks the ability to relocate it between modes of transport.

[0007] TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0008] Thus, all existing mixing and charging machines are rigidly mounted on a specific chassis, with no ability to operate autonomously or be reinstalled. Currently, virtually all mixing and charging machine manufacturers (both in the Russian Federation and abroad) rigidly tie their SPM equipment to a specific chassis.

[0009] The chassis frame in such designs simultaneously serves as a load-bearing element and a mounting point for all process equipment. This approach leads to the following significant drawbacks. In drilling and blasting operations, various types of mixing and charging machines are used depending on the conditions:

[0010] Emulsion SPM - for heavily flooded wells.

[0011] Mixed SPM - for moderately watered wells.

[0012] Granulated SPM - for dry holes.

[0013] The degree of water cut in wells depends on the geological site and the time of year. As a result, operators must purchase several different types of SPM, each rigidly mounted on a separate chassis. The cost of the chassis accounts for 20% to 40% of the total machine cost. Due to the inseparability of the chassis and process equipment, if the chassis fails, owners must write off the entire unit, including any still-functional process equipment. Chassis fail significantly earlier than the process equipment, as they bear the brunt of the mechanical load during operation (especially in quarries). Even if the chassis can be repaired, the entire mixing and charging unit remains idle for the duration of the repair, resulting in production interruptions and economic losses.A SPM rigidly mounted on a chassis is a large structure, which significantly complicates and increases the cost of transporting it over long distances by non-self-propelled vehicles (rail or sea). In many cases, delivering such equipment to remote regions becomes technically challenging or economically impractical.

[0014] The technical problem that this utility model is aimed at solving is to create a device that ensures:

[0015] interchangeability of modules on a single chassis - the ability to quickly install and remove various types of mixing and charging equipment (emulsion, mixed, granular) on the same chassis without modifying the design of either the module or the chassis;

[0016] Independence of process equipment from the chassis - ensuring the ability to continue operating the process equipment when the chassis fails by quickly reinstalling the module on another chassis;

[0017] Minimizing equipment downtime - ensuring the ability to continue work on the same day after reinstalling the module on the backup chassis if the main chassis fails or if it needs repair;

[0018] Simplification of logistics and transportation - bringing the dimensions of the module to the standardized sizes of reusable transport containers (ISO containers) to enable transportation by road, rail and sea using standard lifting and fastening equipment;

[0019] reduction of capital costs - eliminating the need to purchase a separate specialized chassis for each type of SPM by ensuring the possibility of using one chassis for various modifications of mixing and charging equipment.

[0020] TECHNICAL RESULT

[0021] The unified technical result consists in ensuring the possibility of autonomous operation of the mixing and charging equipment module by manufacturing it in standardized dimensions of an ISO container with unified fastening units, which allows for the rapid installation and removal of the module on various types of transport platforms (automotive, rail, sea transport) without modifying the design of either the module itself or the transport vehicles, while ensuring multimodal transportation, increasing operational flexibility, reducing operating costs and simplifying logistics.

[0022] This unified technical result is achieved through the following functional advantages:

[0023] Universality of application - the possibility of quick installation / removal on various types of chassis and vehicles without modification of the design.

[0024] Multimodal transportation - transportation by any mode of transport thanks to standardized dimensions and unified fastening units.

[0025] Operational flexibility - use of one chassis for various modifications of container-type SPM.

[0026] Economy - reduction of capital and operating costs due to the possibility of using one chassis for different types of SPM (emulsion, mixed, granular), while the cost of the chassis is 20-40% of the total cost of the installation.

[0027] Repairability and non-stop operation - quick module removal and reinstallation on a backup chassis if the main one fails or if repairs are required, which ensures that work can continue on the same day without long downtimes.

[0028] Increasing the service life of equipment - maintaining operational process equipment when the chassis fails (chassis fails much earlier, especially in quarry conditions).

[0029] ESSENCE OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0030] The technical solution is distinguished by a unique set of features.

[0031] A self-contained universal module for preparing and loading explosives, comprising a supporting frame with process equipment installed on it. The composition and arrangement of the process equipment on the supporting frame are variable and are determined by the specific explosive formulation and operating conditions.The process equipment includes containers for explosive components, a mixer, a pump system for dosing the components, a control system, and a loading hose for delivering the prepared explosive; the supporting frame is designed as an independent structure with external dimensions corresponding to the dimensions of reusable ISO-containers; the supporting frame is equipped with standardized fastening units made in accordance with ISO 1161 and located in the corner zones of the supporting frame; the process equipment on the supporting frame is mounted in such a way that the overall center of mass of the assembled module is located within the central zone of the supporting frame, ensuring the stability of the module during transportation and operation.

[0032] Unified fastening units are compatible with standard lifting device clamps and standard locking mechanisms of transport platforms.

[0033] The supporting frame is made of structural steel, aluminum alloy, composite materials or a combination of these.

[0034] The frame members are connected by welding, bolting, or a combination of both.

[0035] The equipment is connected to external power sources via universal quick-release connections.

[0036] The external dimensions of the frame correspond to the dimensions of a 10-foot, 20-foot or 40-foot ISO container.

[0037] The frame contains corner posts, transverse and longitudinal strength elements, as well as stiffeners in areas of high load.

[0038] The supporting frame is additionally equipped with protective fences, fire extinguishing system and ventilation for personnel safety.

[0039] The frame mounted tanks are equipped with dividers for safe transportation of liquids in various road conditions.

[0040] The autonomous supporting frame is an independent welded or prefabricated spatial structure, designed with the possibility of installing technological equipment for the preparation of explosives on it and with the possibility of external placement and fixation on various transport platforms using standard or specialized fastening means.

[0041] The supporting frame is designed with external dimensions corresponding to the standardized dimensions of reusable transport packaging, preferably one of the ISO container sizes (10-foot, 20-foot or 40-foot) with permissible deviations ensuring compatibility with lifting and securing systems.

[0042] The supporting frame is provided with standardized fastening units (in accordance with ISO 1161), located in its corner zones and / or along the lower frame, designed with the possibility of interaction with standard grips of lifting devices (spreaders) and standard locking mechanisms (twist locks) of transport platforms.

[0043] Central location of the center of mass.

[0044] The equipment is mounted on a supporting frame in such a way that the overall center of mass of the assembled module is located within the central zone of the frame, ensuring stability during transportation, loading and unloading operations and normal operation.

[0045] Such a set of features is not known from the prior art and ensures the achievement of a single technical result.

[0046] A unified technical result in the form of ensuring the possibility of autonomous operation of a mixing and charging equipment module by manufacturing it in standardized dimensions of an ISO container with standardized fastening units, which allows for the rapid installation and removal of the module on various types of transport platforms without modifying the design of either the module itself or the vehicles, while ensuring multimodal transportation, increasing operational flexibility, reducing operating costs and simplifying logistics, is achieved by a combination of features of independent claim 1 of the utility model formula, wherein each feature individually makes its own functional contribution to achieving the said result.

[0047] The implementation of the supporting frame as an independent structure with external dimensions corresponding to the standardized dimensions of reusable ISO-container transport packaging directly ensures the compatibility of the module with standard transport platforms (road, rail, sea), which causally leads to the possibility of multimodal transportation without modification of vehicles, as well as to a reduction in transport and capital costs due to the elimination of specialized chassis.

[0048] Equipping the supporting frame with standardized fastening units made in accordance with ISO 1161 and located in the corner areas and / or along the bottom of the frame allows the module to interact with standard grips of lifting devices and locking mechanisms (twist locks) of transport platforms, which in a cause-and-effect relationship ensures the prompt installation and removal of the module from various types of chassis, increases operational flexibility and maintainability (quick dismantling of the module in the event of chassis failure or for maintenance) and thereby reduces downtime and operating costs.

[0049] The set of the specified features of independent claim 1 of the formula forms an interconnected system: standardized frame dimensions ensure compatibility with the transport infrastructure, unified fastening units allow for the module to be quickly and safely secured on various transport platforms; together, this ensures the declared unified technical result in the form of an autonomous universal module of container-type mixing and charging equipment with increased operational flexibility, multimodality, and cost-effectiveness.

[0050] The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that an independent supporting frame structure is manufactured, which is the main power element for an autonomous universal module containing mixing and charging equipment.

[0051] Material and Strength: The supporting frame is made of material that provides the required strength, rigidity and vibration resistance, including structural steel, aluminum alloys, composite materials or a combination of these.

[0052] Frame structure:

[0053] Corner posts provide vertical rigidity.

[0054] Transverse and longitudinal power elements for load transfer.

[0055] Stiffeners located in high-load areas.

[0056] The frame elements are connected in a permanent (welding) and / or detachable (bolted connection) manner.

[0057] The supporting frame is made with external dimensions corresponding to the standardized dimensions of reusable transport containers, preferably one of the ISO container sizes (10-foot, 20-foot or 40-foot).

[0058] The frame is equipped with standardized fastening units (in accordance with ISO 1161) in the corner areas and along the bottom of the frame, designed to interact with standard grips of lifting devices (spreaders) and locking mechanisms (twist locks) of transport platforms.

[0059] DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.

[0060] The utility model is illustrated by drawings of one of the modifications of the autonomous module, which depict:

[0061] Position Name 1 Frame (supporting structure) 2 Ammonium nitrate tank 3 Water tank 4 Emulsion matrix container 5 Gas-generating additive tank No. 1 6 Charging hose feeder 7 Gas-generating additive supply pump No. 1 8 Pipeline for feeding the emulsion matrix 9 Emulsion matrix feeding pump 10 Pump for feeding gas-generating additive No. 2 11 Water supply pump 12 Charging sleeve 13 Control cabinet 14 Hydraulic distributor 15 Finished product feed pump 16 Auger feed system 17 Finished product bin 18 Oil product pump compartment

[0062] Fig. 1 shows the general view of the SZM-KT-5K module in plan and perspective.

[0063] Fig. 2 (left view, longitudinal section) and Fig. 3 (right view, longitudinal section) show the composition and layout diagram of the SZM-KT-5K:

[0064] Steel frame structure 1, made with the dimensions of a 20-foot ISO container.

[0065] Frame-mounted tanks for explosive components (positions 2-5).

[0066] Control panel (control cabinet 13).

[0067] Feeding devices and piping system 8.

[0068] Protective fences around mixing equipment.

[0069] Unified mounting points at the four corners of the frame (visible as protruding metal elements).

[0070] Location of tanks (positions 2, 3, 4, 5) along the length of the module.

[0071] Piping system 8 for supplying components.

[0072] Mixer with stirrer in the central part of the module.

[0073] Control cabinet 13 on the right.

[0074] Overall height and vertical distribution of components.

[0075] Transverse placement of tanks and components.

[0076] Unified fastening units at four corners of the cross section.

[0077] Cooling and ventilation system.

[0078] Load distribution on supporting frame 1.

[0079] Side protectors and guards.

[0080] Fig. 4 (side view) shows the SZM-KT-5K module installed on a transport chassis:

[0081] SZM-KT-5K, mounted on a vehicle chassis.

[0082] The center of gravity is located in the central part of the frame (indicated by the dotted line -), ensuring balance during transportation.

[0083] Module fastening to the chassis using unified fastening units (twist

[0084] locks).

[0085] Driver's cabin and control mechanism on the chassis.

[0086] Overall dimensions in transport position.

[0087] Module height relative to the chassis.

[0088] Location of the charging hose and supply pipelines to the well.

[0089] Typical connection diagram for hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical systems

[0090] lines from chassis to module.

[0091] EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0092] To confirm the industrial feasibility of the claimed utility model, a description is given of one of the modifications of the autonomous module of the container-type SPM - a five-component mixing and charging machine (SPM-KT-5K).

[0093] The SZM-KT-5K autonomous module is a compact mixing and charging unit mounted on a supporting frame with the dimensions of a 20-foot ISO container (2438 mm × 2591 mm × 6058 mm). The frame design allows for convenient transportation by road, rail, and sea, without being tied to a specific chassis.

[0094] The general appearance of the autonomous module SZM-KT-5K is shown in Fig. 1.

[0095] According to Fig. 2, 3, the module includes the following positions:

[0096] Frame 1 is a supporting structure made of structural steel, providing rigidity and strength to the entire structure. It is manufactured with dimensions corresponding to a 20-foot ISO container and is equipped with standardized ISO 1161 fastening points at four corners.

[0097] Ammonia Nitrate Tank 2 - 5350L capacity tank for storing solid oxidizer (ammonium nitrate). Water Tank 3 - 600L capacity tank for storing water used in the preparation of emulsion explosive.

[0098] Emulsion matrix tank 4 - 7800L capacity tank for storing pre-prepared emulsion base.

[0099] Tank for gas-generating additive 5 - a 300L tank for storing gas-generating additive (GGA).

[0100] Charging hose feeding device 6 - a mechanism for automatically feeding and holding the charging hose, ensuring the safety and convenience of the operator.

[0101] Gas-generating additive supply pump No. 1 (position 7) - a screw pump with a capacity of 6 l / min for metered supply of the first component of the gas-generating additive.

[0102] Emulsion matrix supply pipeline 8 - a system of steel and flexible pipelines with a nominal diameter of 65 mm for safe and efficient transfer of emulsion matrix.

[0103] Emulsion matrix feeding pump 9 - screw pump with a capacity of up to 300 l / min for feeding the emulsion matrix to the mixer.

[0104] Pump for feeding gas-generating additive No. 2 (position 10) - a screw pump with a capacity of up to 6 l / min for metered feeding of the second component of the GGD.

[0105] Water supply pump 11 - centrifugal pump with a capacity of up to 15 l / min for supplying water to the technological process.

[0106] Charging sleeve 12 - flexible hose with a diameter of 63 mm for delivering ready-made explosive mixture directly into the well.

[0107] Control Cabinet 13 - An electrical control cabinet containing a PLC (programmable logic controller), a touchscreen display for monitoring process parameters, input and output modules, and circuit breakers. It is housed in a sealed IP65 enclosure for protection from moisture and dust.

[0108] Hydraulic distributor 14 - hydraulic distributor for controlling hydraulic drives.

[0109] Finished product feed pump 15 - a screw pump with a capacity of 300 kg / min for feeding the finished explosive mixture into the well.

[0110] Screw feeding system 16 - screw conveyor for automatic feeding of solid components into the mixer with adjustable capacity of 100kg / min.

[0111] Finished product bin 17 - a 60-liter buffer tank for temporary storage of the finished explosive mixture before feeding it into the well.

[0112] Pump compartment for petroleum product 18 - a specialized compartment for the placement and operation of a pump that supplies petroleum product for the preparation of an emulsion base.

[0113] The SZM-KT-5K operating process is as follows. When the SZM-KT-5K module is mounted on a prepared chassis (truck, rail, or marine) using cranes or forklifts compatible with ISO container lifting and securing systems, the unit is quickly secured using special fasteners (twist locks).

[0114] An example of a spatial frame structure with standardized fastening units is shown in Fig. 1.

[0115] The equipment is mounted on a supporting frame in such a way that:

[0116] The overall center of mass of the assembled module was within the center area of ​​the frame.

[0117] Ensures stability during transportation and loading and unloading operations.

[0118] Conditions for safe and regular operation were created.

[0119] The composition and arrangement of the process equipment on the supporting frame are variable and are determined by the specific formulation of the explosive and the conditions of use, without changing the basic design of the supporting frame and its transport and logistics functions.

[0120] A typical arrangement of tanks, mixer, pipelines and control cabinet on a supporting frame is shown in Fig. 2, 3.

[0121] During operation, the module is connected to the required external sources or power units of transport platforms (hydraulic, pneumatic, electric or a combination thereof) via universal quick-release connections.

[0122] All the necessary equipment for an autonomous container-type SPM module is built into the dimensions of the supporting frame:

[0123] Bunkers - for storing components of explosives (emulsions, oxidizers, sensitizers, etc.).

[0124] Containers - for storing liquid components.

[0125] Pumps - for dosing compounds with high accuracy.

[0126] Scales - to ensure correct dosing of solid components.

[0127] Control system - to coordinate the operation of pumps and scales, control the set proportions.

[0128] Mixer - a container for thoroughly mixing components.

[0129] Charging sleeve - a flexible hose for delivering ready-made explosive mixture into a well.

[0130] Augers - for feeding components.

[0131] Control panel - to provide the operator with control over the processes.

[0132] Electronics - for controlling the operation of pumps, scales, mixers.

[0133] Fire extinguishing system - for protection against ignition.

[0134] Protective devices - to protect personnel from contact with explosives

[0135] substances.

[0136] Unified fastening units - for installation and fixation on any type

[0137] transport.

[0138] An example of the implementation of the specified composition of technological equipment on the frame of the SZM-KT-5K module is shown in Fig. 2, 3.

[0139] An example of installing the SZM-KT-5K module on a vehicle chassis using standardized fastening units (twist locks) is shown in Fig. 4.

[0140] The following utility networks are connected to the module:

[0141] Hydraulic system from chassis (pressure 210 bar).

[0142] Pneumatic system from chassis (pressure 6-8 bar).

[0143] 24V power supply from generator or chassis power grid

[0144] Refilling components:

[0145] At the stationary preparation point, the tanks are filled:

[0146] Ammonium nitrate in tank 2.

[0147] Water in tank 3.

[0148] Emulsion matrix in tank 4.

[0149] Gas-generating additive in tank 5.

[0150] After filling the tanks, the SZM-KT-5K module is transported to the blasting site on a prepared chassis. Thanks to its standardized dimensions and unified mounting points, it can transport:

[0151] By road transport (trucks with crane equipment).

[0152] By rail transport (specialized platforms).

[0153] By sea transport (container ships).

[0154] The technological process for preparing emulsion explosive is as follows.

[0155] Component dosage:

[0156] Control system 13 sets the required recipe parameters.

[0157] The accuracy of dosing of solid components is controlled by the speed of pumps and screws.

[0158] Pumps 7, 9, 10, 11 dose liquid components according to commands from the control system.

[0159] Mixing:

[0160] The components are fed into the mixer according to the specified recipe.

[0161] Static mixer and mixer auger ensure intensive mixing of components.

[0162] Homogeneity of emulsion explosive (EE) is achieved.

[0163] Well Feed:

[0164] The finished explosive material enters buffer tank 17.

[0165] The finished product pump 15 supplies the explosive mixture through the charging sleeve 12 into the well.

[0166] The charging hose feeder 6 ensures a controlled and safe charging process.

[0167] If maintenance or repair is required, the module can be quickly removed from the chassis using special fasteners. The entire assembled module can be transported to a repair center. Another container-type SZM model (e.g., SZM-KT-3K or SZM-KT) can be installed in its place. The chassis continues to operate with the new module without interrupting production.

[0168] Advantages of SZM-KT-5K:

[0169] Autonomy: Does not depend on the specific chassis type.

[0170] Versatility: Can be installed on various transport platforms.

[0171] Compactness: Fits perfectly into the dimensions of a 20-foot container.

[0172] Safety: Equipped with dividers in containers for safe transportation.

[0173] Efficiency: The control system ensures accurate dosing and process control.

[0174] Reliability: Proven components and materials are used.

[0175] Flexibility: Can be quickly converted to suit different formulations.

[0176] Economy: No need for special expensive chassis.

[0177] The utility model meets the criteria of patentability and can be used in mining, construction, road and other industries where equipment for the preparation and loading of explosives is required.

Claims

1. A self-contained universal module for preparing and loading explosives, comprising a supporting frame with process equipment installed thereon, the process equipment including containers for components of explosives, a mixer, a pump system for dosing components, a control system, and also a loading hose for feeding the prepared explosive, characterized in that the supporting frame is made as an independent structure with external dimensions corresponding to the dimensions of reusable transport packaging ISO containers, the supporting frame is equipped with standardized fastening units located in the corner zones of the supporting frame, wherein the standardized fastening units are designed with the possibility of being combined with the grips of lifting devices and the locking mechanisms of transport platforms.

2. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the supporting frame is made of structural steel, aluminum alloy, composite materials or a combination thereof.

3. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the frame elements are connected by welding, bolting, or a combination thereof.

4. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the equipment is connected to external power supply sources via universal quick-release connections.

5. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the frame contains corner posts, transverse and longitudinal power elements, as well as stiffeners in areas of increased load.

6. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the supporting frame is additionally equipped with protective fences, a fire extinguishing system and ventilation for personnel safety.

7. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the containers installed on the frame are equipped with partitions for the safe transportation of liquids under various road conditions.

Images