Device for combined electrical processing of feed with ultrasonic exposure

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: devices for combined electrical processing of feed with ultrasonic exposure on livestock farms. The device includes a body 1, a loading 2 and unloading 3 neck, an electric motor 4, nozzles 5 for wetting with a chemical reagent solution, plate electrodes 6, a hydraulic press 7, rigidly fixed with a detachable joint 8 on the body 1 of the conveyor. An electrode 11 made of stainless steel is attached to the platform 9 of the conveyor through a fiberglass pad 10, connected via a copper wire 12 to a pulsed current source 13. A drive drum 14 and a tension drum 15 are installed on the conveyor body 1. The conveyor belt 16 is made of segments, each of which consists of a plate electrode 6 and a metal plate 17, connected to each other by metal rivets 18. Under the belt in the conveyor body, vertically and coaxially with the hydraulic press electrode, a brush unit 19 for supplying current is located. The brush unit 19 includes a metal rim 20 with a shaft 21, on each side of which a coil spring 22 is rigidly fixed. A copper-graphite brush 23 with a helical spring 24 is attached to the metal rim, connected by a copper wire 12 to a pulsed current source 13. The brush shaft is made of getinax. The segments are spaced 10 mm apart. The device also contains an automatic humidity control system, including microwave humidity sensors 25, a controller 26 and electromagnetic valves 27, operated by the controller for the precise supply of a chemical reagent solution through nozzles, ultrasonic emitters 28, installed along the body and connected to an ultrasonic generator 29.EFFECT: improvement of the structural and mechanical characteristics of feed, as well as enhancement of biological safety by eliminating pathogenic microflora and pests.1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to devices for combined electrical processing of feed with ultrasonic action on livestock farms.

[0002] A device for electrothermal processing of materials is known. It includes a loading hopper, beneath which a horizontal shaft with a piston is symmetrically positioned. This allows for the compaction and movement of the processed material through an electrode chamber with plane-parallel electrodes. A disadvantage of this device for electrothermal processing of materials is its low productivity due to its intermittent operation, the long time required for compaction and processing of the material, the high energy consumption of the process, and the difficulty of feeding the material to the height of the hopper (SU, Author's Certificate 1743544 dated June 30, 1992. Bulletin No. 24).

[0003] A device for electrothermal processing of feed is known, comprising loading and unloading ports, a housing with an auger and heating elements installed therein, and a steam-generating chamber with an element installed in its bottom in the form of a perforated cone-shaped container inserted into the housing cavity with a lid connected to a drive mechanism, while the steam outlet pipe of the chamber is connected to the loading port via a manifold. However, when using this device, optimal biochemical processes during feed preparation are not ensured, which reduces the quality of the finished product (SU, Author's Certificate 1014560 dated 30.04.83, Bulletin No. 16).

[0004] The device (RU 2703187 C1) for electropulse treatment of feed on livestock farms was selected as the prototype. The device includes a housing, loading and unloading necks, an electric motor, nozzles for wetting with a chemical solution, plate electrodes, and a hydraulic press rigidly attached to the conveyor body with a detachable joint. A stainless steel electrode is attached to the container platform through a fiberglass gasket. The electrode is connected to a single-phase current source via a copper wire. A drive drum is mounted on the conveyor body on the loading neck side. A tension drum is mounted on the unloading neck side of the conveyor body. The conveyor belt is made of segments, each of which consists of a plate electrode located on the belt and a metal plate located under the belt. The electrode and the plate are connected to each other with metal rivets.A brush supply unit is located vertically in line with the hydraulic press electrode beneath the belt in the conveyor housing. It consists of a metal rim with a shaft, each end of which is rigidly attached to a coil spring. Attached to the metal rim is a copper-graphite brush with a coil spring, which is connected via a copper wire to a single-phase power source. The brush shaft is made of laminated hardboard. The brush segments are spaced 10 mm apart.The main disadvantages of this device are that it provides only a one-sided effect on the feed raw material and does not allow for uniform penetration of the chemical solution, which reduces the effectiveness of the treatment, thereby reducing its efficiency, making it difficult to achieve a high level of destruction of cell walls and the elimination of pathogenic microflora. Furthermore, the lack of an automatic humidity control system and ultrasonic action leads to an insufficient degree of treatment, which negatively affects the digestibility and biological safety of the feed.

[0005] The objective is to ensure highly efficient processing of feed raw materials to improve their nutritional and structural-mechanical characteristics, increase their digestibility and reduce bacterial contamination of feed.

[0006] The technical result consists in improving the quality of feed processing, which consists in improving the structural-mechanical and biological safety of feed before storing, before processing or during the production of feed for agricultural animals and poultry.

[0007] The said technical result is achieved in that the device for combined electrical processing of feed with ultrasonic action comprises: a housing, loading and unloading necks, an electric motor, nozzles for wetting with a chemical reagent solution, plate electrodes, a hydraulic press rigidly fixed by a detachable connection on the conveyor housing, to the platform of which an electrode made of stainless steel is fixed through a fiberglass gasket, connected by means of a copper wire to a pulsed current source, a drive drum mounted on the conveyor housing on the side of the loading neck, a tension drum mounted on the housing on the side of the unloading neck, a conveyor belt made of segments, each of which consists of a plate electrode located on the belt and a metal plate located under the belt, and which are connected to each other by means of metal rivets,wherein, under the belt in the conveyor body, vertically coaxially with the electrode of the hydraulic press, a brush unit for supplying current is located, consisting of a metal rim with a shaft, on each side of which a helical spring is rigidly fixed, and a copper-graphite brush with a helical spring is attached to the metal rim, which is connected by means of a copper wire to a single-phase current source, the shaft of the brush unit is made of getinax, the segments are located 10 mm from each other, characterized in that it additionally contains an automatic humidity control system, including microwave humidity sensors, a controller and electromagnetic valves controlled by the controller for the precise supply of a chemical reagent solution through nozzles, ultrasonic emitters installed along the body and connected to an ultrasonic generator.

[0008] The invention is explained by the drawings: Fig. 1-4, where Fig. 1 shows a general view of the device, Fig. 2 shows a segment of the conveyor belt, Fig. 3 shows a brush unit, Fig. 4 shows a top view of the device.

[0009] The device for combined electric processing of feed with ultrasonic action operates as follows: the feed raw material, entering the loading neck 2, is moistened with a chemical solution using nozzles 5. The moistening of the feed raw material is controlled by an automatic humidity control system, including microwave humidity sensors 25, a controller 26 and electromagnetic valves 27, controlled by the controller 26 for the precise supply of a chemical solution through the nozzles 5. Microwave humidity sensors 25 measure the current moisture level of the feed raw material and, if moistening is necessary, the controller 26 activates the electromagnetic valves 27, regulating the supply of the chemical solution to achieve optimal moisture, then the moistened feed raw material is portioned onto the conveyor belt 16, made of segments, each of which consists of a plate electrode 6 located on the belt and a metal plate 17, located under the tape and,which are connected to each other by means of metal rivets 18 and moves with the help of a drive drum 14 installed on the housing 1 from the side of the loading neck 2, the drive of which is carried out from the electric motor 4 to the ultrasonic action zone, in which ultrasonic emitters 28, installed along the housing 1 and connected to the ultrasonic generator 29, create a cavitation effect, facilitating the deep penetration of the chemical reagent solution and the destruction of the cell walls of the raw material. Then, the portion of feed raw material moistened with the chemical reagent solution and having passed the ultrasonic action zone moves with the help of a drive drum 14 installed on the housing 1 from the side of the loading neck 2, the drive of which is carried out from the electric motor 4 to the hydraulic press 7, rigidly fixed by a detachable joint 8 on the housing 1 of the conveyor, to the platform 9 of which an electrode 11 made of stainless steel is fixed through a fiberglass gasket 10,connected by means of a copper wire 12 to a pulsed current source 13, a tension drum 15 mounted on the housing on the side of the unloading neck provides constant tension of the conveyor belt 16 as soon as a segment of the conveyor belt 16 with a portion of feed raw materials moistened with a solution of a chemical reagent and passed the zone of ultrasonic action, runs onto a spring-loaded brush unit 19 for supplying current, located under the belt in the housing of the conveyor vertically coaxially with an electrode 11 made of stainless steel of the hydraulic press 7 and consisting of a metal rim 20 with a shaft 21, on each side of which a helical spring 22 is rigidly fixed, and a copper-graphite brush 23 with a helical spring 24 is attached to the metal rim 20, which has a connection by means of a copper wire 12 to a single-phase current source, the shaft 21 of the brush unit 19 is made of getinax, the segments are located through 10 mm from each other, the platform 9 of the hydraulic press 7 begins to move downwards,presses down the portion of feed raw material moistened with a chemical reagent and passed through the ultrasonic action zone, an electric discharge is created between the electrode 11 made of stainless steel of the hydraulic press 7 and the segment of the conveyor belt 16 and the platform 9 of the hydraulic press 7 moves upward, the processed portion of feed raw material moves forward along the conveyor belt 16, followed by the brush unit 19 for supplying current, the next segment of the conveyor belt 16 approaches with a portion of feed raw material moistened with a chemical reagent and passed through the ultrasonic action zone and the platform 9 of the hydraulic press 7 again begins to move downward and presses down the portion of feed raw material moistened with a chemical reagent, an electric discharge is created between the electrode 11 made of stainless steel of the hydraulic press 7 and the segment of the conveyor belt 16 and the platform 9 of the hydraulic press 7 again moves upward from the processed feed raw material, which then continues to move forward along the conveyor belt 16 and,reaching the discharge neck 3, it is poured into it.

[0010] The invention significantly improves the structural and nutritional properties of feed using electropulse and ultrasound treatment, ensuring deeper destruction of cell walls and increased nutrient penetration. This promotes increased digestibility and assimilation of feed by reducing the content of anti-nutrients and inhibitors. Additionally, through the use of pulsed action and ultrasound, the invention enhances the biological safety of feed, effectively eliminating microbiological contaminants and destroying pathogenic microflora and pests, significantly extending shelf life and improving the quality of the final product.

Claims

A device for combined electrical processing of feed with ultrasonic action, including a housing, loading and unloading necks, an electric motor, nozzles for wetting with a chemical reagent solution, plate electrodes, a hydraulic press rigidly fixed with a detachable joint on the conveyor housing, a stainless steel electrode attached to the press platform through a fiberglass gasket, connected by means of a copper wire to a pulsed current source, a drive drum mounted on the conveyor housing on the side of the loading neck, a tension drum mounted on the housing on the side of the unloading neck, a conveyor belt made of segments, each of which consists of a plate electrode located on the belt and a metal plate located under the belt, which are connected to each other by means of metal rivets,wherein, under the belt in the conveyor body, vertically coaxially with the electrode of the hydraulic press, a brush unit for supplying current is located, consisting of a metal rim with a shaft, on each side of which a helical spring is rigidly fixed, and a copper-graphite brush with a helical spring is attached to the metal rim, which is connected via a copper wire to a single-phase current source, the shaft of the brush unit is made of getinax, and the segments of the conveyor belt are located 10 mm from each other, characterized in that it additionally contains an automatic humidity control system, including microwave humidity sensors, a controller and electromagnetic valves controlled by the controller for the precise supply of a chemical reagent solution through nozzles, ultrasonic emitters installed along the body and connected to an ultrasonic generator.

Images