Concrete ceilings, equipment sets for manufacturing concrete ceilings, and methods for manufacturing concrete ceilings.

Abstract

DEPCT6328 / 05 / 2562 This invention involves a concrete ceiling (1) that is incorporated with a reinforcing mesh. Below (5) and the reinforced mesh above (2) where a certain number of objects move (10,20,30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80) will be placed between this section where the reinforcing mesh is located below and above. (2,5) and moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) will be embedded in the concrete and objects. Each piece (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) moves and shifts, at least partially protruding around. At least one channel (11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81) is created as a connection between... Concrete with reinforced mesh at the bottom (5) and concrete with reinforced mesh at the top (2) where the object The moves (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80) will be arranged at least adjacent to each other. In some areas on at least three sides in the center of the concrete ceiling, this invention... Further details will be related to the methods for manufacturing concrete ceilings (1) with load-bearing properties. As specified. ----------------------------------------------------------- Page 1 of 1 Summary of the invention. This invention involves a concrete ceiling (1) that is incorporated with a reinforcing mesh. Below (5) and the reinforced mesh above (2) where a certain number of objects move (10,20,30,40, 50,60,70,80) will be placed between this section where the bottom and top reinforcing mesh (2,5) And the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) will be embedded in the concrete and the moving objects. Move (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) each piece at least partially protrudes around. At least one channel (11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81) was created as a connection between the concrete. At the bottom reinforcement mesh (5) and the concrete at the top reinforcement mesh (2) where the object The moves (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80) will be arranged at least adjacent to each other. In some area on at least three sides in the central region of a concrete ceiling, this invention... Further details will be related to the methods for manufacturing concrete ceilings (1) with load-bearing properties. As specified. -----------------------------------------------------------

Description

Concrete slab, kit for the production of a concrete slab and method for Construction of a concrete ceiling The present invention relates to a concrete slab with a lower reinforcement grid and an upper reinforcement grid, between which a plurality of displacement elements are arranged, wherein the lower and upper reinforcement grids and the displacement elements are embedded in concrete, and each displacement element at least partially surrounds at least one channel that establishes a connection between the concrete at the lower reinforcement grid and the concrete at the upper reinforcement grid, a kit for producing a concrete slab, and a method for producing a concrete slab. DE 20 2006 002 540 U1 discloses a module for producing concrete components in which a plurality of spherical displacement elements are captively arranged in a grid of bars. This allows the spherical displacement elements to reduce the weight of the slab structure during the subsequent pouring of concrete.The insertion of the displacement elements into the grid structure and the fabrication of such a grid structure are comparatively complex. Furthermore, the spacing between the displacement elements can vary, which complicates the calculation of the load-bearing capacity. US 2013 / 0036693 discloses a donut-shaped displacement element with a channel in its central area that is filled during the pouring of concrete. This creates a connection between the underside and the top of a concrete slab. However, the displacement elements are spaced apart from one another, so struts are also provided between them to connect the underside and the top. To ensure a defined distance between the displacement elements, reinforcement elements must be installed and connected to them. The installation of such reinforcement grids for spacing the displacement elements is comparatively complex. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a concrete slab, a kit for producing a concrete slab, and a method for producing a concrete slab, which enable the simple production of the concrete slab and enabling a comparatively accurate calculation of the load-bearing capacity of the concrete ceiling. This problem is solved with a concrete slab having the features of claim 1, a kit having the features of claim 10, and a method for producing a concrete slab having the features of claim 11. In the concrete slab according to the invention, a plurality of displacement bodies are arranged between an upper and a lower reinforcement grid, wherein the displacement bodies abut each other at least partially on at least three sides in a central region of the concrete slab. This allows the displacement bodies to be positioned directly next to each other during assembly, eliminating the need for additional positioning means between the displacement bodies. The connection between the concrete in the region of the lower reinforcement grid and the concrete in the region of the upper reinforcement grid is established at least via the channel formed on or in each displacement body. The channel can be completely surrounded by a single displacement body or by several displacement bodies, in which case each displacement body forms part of a channel wall.Since the size of the channel within the displacement body(s) is predetermined, it is possible to predict with relative accuracy how many struts run from bottom to top within the displacement body and what their geometry will be. This allows for a relatively precise prediction of the load-bearing capacity of the concrete slab. Preferably, no additional spacer is provided between adjacent displacement bodies, so that the positioning of adjacent displacement bodies is achieved by a side edge or a side wall where the adjacent displacement bodies touch each other. The displacement bodies can be supported at least partially on all sides around the central area of ​​the concrete slab, with three, four, or more contact surfaces being provided depending on the shape of the displacement bodies. In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel in the displacement body to the area of ​​the displacement body in plan view is at least 0.1, preferably between 0.2 and 0.45, in particular between 0.3 and 0.4. The channel area is thus comparatively large in relation to the total area of ​​the displacement body when viewed from above, ensuring that the channels are filled when concrete is poured. This allows the load-bearing capacity to be calculated based on the channel area. The channels can be circular, square, diamond-shaped, or have another geometry when viewed from above. Preferably, each channel has a narrowest point located in a central area of ​​the displacement body. The diameter of a channel in a displacement body can, for example, be between 200 mm and 450 mm, particularly between 250 mm and 400 mm. If the channel has a geometry other than circular, this geometry can be converted to the above diameter range if the channel area corresponds to the area of ​​a calculated diameter.Preferably, the displacement bodies are placed loosely on the lower reinforcement grid. This simplifies assembly. The displacement bodies are preferably square in plan view, so that the area of ​​a ceiling in which the displacement bodies are to be arranged can easily be covered with the displacement bodies. In a further embodiment, gaps are provided between adjacent displacement bodies, with the area of ​​these gaps being smaller than the area of ​​the channels when viewed from above. Such gaps could exist, for example, in the corner area between adjacent displacement bodies if these have rounded or chamfered corners, thus creating smaller gaps or channels that allow the concrete to connect vertically. Alternatively, the gaps can also be designed as channels formed between two or more displacement bodies. Preferably, a displacement body comprises several hollow bodies connected to each other via spacers. For example, four hollow bodies can be provided, connected to each other via separable webs, so that, if necessary, the displacement body can be separated in the area of ​​the webs and, depending on the available space in the concrete slab, the displacement body can also be halved to fill a concrete slab. The individual hollow bodies can be essentially closed, so that No concrete flows into the hollow bodies when the spacers or webs are cut. In the concrete slab according to the invention, the reinforcement grids are preferably essentially flat. The reinforcement grids therefore preferably do not extend into the plane of the displacement bodies and can be formed from struts running at an angle, preferably at right angles to one another. In the inventive method for producing a concrete slab, a lower reinforcement grid is first positioned, onto which a plurality of displacement bodies are then placed, wherein in a central region of the reinforcement grid the displacement bodies abut each other at least partially on at least three sides in order to position themselves relative to one another. After the displacement bodies have been placed, an upper reinforcement grid is then placed onto the plurality of displacement bodies, and a concrete slab is produced by pouring concrete once or several times.By loosely placing the displacement bodies, there is no need to specify a predetermined spacing between them, for example using reinforcement cages or special spacers. This simplifies the process. Assembly is simplified because the displacement bodies can be positioned directly adjacent to one another. Except for the displacement bodies located at the edges, displacement bodies in the central area are preferably supported or positioned on all sides by adjacent displacement bodies, particularly without additional spacers. The displacement bodies can be square or rectangular in plan view and abut each other on four sides in a central area. The displacement bodies thus provide structure for a slab, with the channel within a displacement body preferably defining the geometry of a strut between the underside and the top side of the displacement body, which enables a comparatively accurate calculation of the load-bearing capacity of the concrete slab. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to several exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings. These show: Figure 1 shows a sectional view through a concrete ceiling according to the invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the concrete ceiling of Figure 1 without concrete; Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the displacement bodies of the Concrete ceiling of Figure 1; Figure 4 shows a side view of two displacement bodies of the Concrete ceiling of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a perspective view of a displacement body of the concrete ceiling of Figure 1; Figures 6A and 6B show two views of the half-shells of the displacement body of Figure 5; Figure 7 shows a perspective view of a displacement body with an optional reinforcement element; Figure 8 shows a view of a displacement body with an optional modified reinforcement element; Figure 9 shows a perspective view of several displacement bodies according to a second embodiment; Figure 10 is a perspective view of a displacement body of Figure 9; Figures 1 1 A to 1 6 several views of the displacement body of the figure 10, partly on average; Figure 17 shows several displacement bodies according to a third embodiment; Figure 18 is a perspective view of a displacement body of Figure 17; Figure 19 shows a view of a half-shell of a displacement body of Figure 18; Figure 20 shows a perspective view of several displacement bodies according to a fourth embodiment; Figure 21 shows a view of two adjacent displacement bodies of the figure; Figure 22 is a perspective view of a displacement body of Figure 20; Figure 23 shows a perspective view of several triangular displacement bodies in top view; Figure 24 shows a view of a displacement body of Figure 23; Figures 25 A and B show two views of another embodiment; Figure 26 shows a view of another embodiment of adjacent displacement bodies; Figures 27 to 30 show several views of a further embodiment of a displacement body according to the invention; Figure 31 is a perspective view of several displacement bodies of Figure 27; Figures 32 and 33 show two views of the displacement bodies of Figure 31 with Reinforcing mesh; Figures 34 and 35 show two views of the displacement bodies of Figure 27 with Reinforcing elements, and Figures 36 to 38 show several views of displacement bodies with different heights. A concrete slab 1 comprises an upper reinforcement grid 2, which has a plurality of longitudinal struts 3 and transverse struts 4 that are interconnected. Furthermore, a lower reinforcement grid 5 is provided, which also has a It has a multitude of longitudinal struts 6 and transverse struts 7 running perpendicular to them, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. A multitude of displacement bodies 10, made of materials such as plastic, are arranged between the flat reinforcement grids 2 and 5. These displacement bodies ensure a distance between the upper reinforcement grid 2 and the lower reinforcement grid 5. The displacement bodies 10 abut each other at their edges and are not held apart by additional positioning means. Each displacement body 10 has a channel 11 that connects the concrete at the lower reinforcement grid 5 to the concrete at the upper reinforcement grid 2. The channels 11 thus create a support structure in the concrete slab 1, defined by the displacement bodies 10. As shown in Figure 3, each displacement body 10 has an annular section 12 around the channel 11, with projections and recesses 15 arranged between them.Each channel 11 is diamond-shaped in plan view, but can also be circular or square. The channel 11 has its narrowest cross-section in a central region of the displacement bodies 10 and then widens outwards. The recesses 15 ensure that the channels 11 can be safely filled with concrete, which forms expanding support ribs within the recesses 15. Each displacement body 10 has a laterally projecting edge 14 at a mid-height, which serves to position an adjacent displacement body 10. Figure 4 shows two displacement bodies 10 in a side view. On projections or annular sections 1 2, webs 1 3 protrude, surrounding the recesses 15. The height h of the displacement bodies is preferably in a range between 40 mm and 400 mm, particularly between 80 mm and 300 mm. In plan view, the displacement bodies 1 0 are square, such that the width L is approximately equal at both side edges, with the width being in a range between 300 mm and 700 mm, particularly between 400 mm and 600 mm. Channel 1 1 has an area of ​​at least 100 cm² at its narrowest point. 2 , especially more than 1.50 cm 2 If the narrowest cross-sectional area is circular, the diameter is preferably in a range between 200 mm and 450 mm, in particular 250 mm to 400 mm. The ratio of the area of ​​the channel 1 1 in the region of the narrowest cross-section to the total area of ​​the displacement body 1 0 in plan view is preferably at least 0.1, for example between 0.2 and 0.45, in particular 0.3 to 0.4. This creates a "concrete column" within the displacement body 1 0 through the channel 1 1, the geometric dimensions of which are predetermined and which therefore allows a comparatively accurate calculation of the load-bearing capacity. Figure 5 shows a displacement body 10 which can be loosely placed on a lower reinforcement grid 5 for the production of a concrete slab 1. Adjacent displacement bodies 10 are positioned abutting each other, except for those displacement bodies 10 that are arranged in an edge region of the concrete slab 1, since these displacement bodies lack at least one adjacent displacement body 10 on the outside. In the illustrated embodiment, each displacement body 10 is formed from two half-shells 10A and 10, which can be joined together and surround a cavity. The cavity within the displacement bodies 10 can optionally contain air or a filling element, for example, a foam body. To increase strength, it may be advantageous to provide reinforcement elements 16 at least on individual displacement bodies 10, as shown in Figure 7. Such a reinforcement element 16 can be formed by a bent wire, which, for example, includes a loop 17 that is inserted into the channel 11. The reinforcement element 16 is fixed to the edge 13 of the displacement body 10 by two struts. As shown in Figure 8, a recess 18 can be provided on the web 1 3 into which a strut of a reinforcement element can be inserted. The reinforcement element 19 can also be rod-shaped, without a loop 17. Figure 9 shows a modified embodiment of a unit consisting of displacement bodies 20, each of which has a channel 21 in its central region. The channel 21 has a circular cross-section, and each channel 21 has a narrowest cross-section in its central region. An annular section 22 of the displacement bodies 20 surrounds each channel 21. A recess 23 is provided in the corner region of each annular section 22, allowing concrete to flow into the channel 21. The displacement bodies 20 have edges or rims 24 on their outer side surfaces, which serve to position the adjacent displacement bodies 20. As shown in Figures 11A and 11B, the displacement bodies 20 are formed from two half-shells 20A and 20B, which can be fixed to one another by means of locking or retaining elements. A locking receptacle 26 is formed on the lower half-shell 20B, into which a locking lug 25 on the upper half-shell 20A engages, as shown in Figure 11B. Several of these locking connections can be provided around the circumference to fix the half-shells 20A and 20B to one another. Figures 12A and 12B show a section through the displacement body 20 in the area of ​​the retaining elements. A retaining lug 27 projects upwards from the lower half-shell 20B, which engages in a receptacle 28 on the upper half-shell 20A, so that contact occurs in the edge region between the two half-shells 20A and 20B. Figure 14 shows the upper half-shell 20A from the inside, while the lower half-shell 20B can be identically designed, and the half-shells 20A and 20B can be inserted into one another at an angle of 180°. The edge area features locking tabs 25, locking receptacles 26, retaining tabs 27, and receptacles 28 for reinforcing the edge area. An edge 24 of the displacement bodies 20 is thus relatively dimensionally stable and can be used to position adjacent displacement bodies 20. Figure 1 5 shows two half-shells 20A in a stacked position, and Figure 1 6 shows two half-shells 20B in a stacked position. Figures 17 and 18 show a further embodiment of displacement bodies 30, which are square in plan view and Each displacement body 30 has a channel 31 in its center, which has a circular cross-section. Each channel 31 is surrounded by an annular section 32 of the displacement body, which has recesses 33 on four sides. However, the recesses 33 are not located in the corner region, but rather centrally on a side surface of the displacement body 30. The displacement bodies 30 have an outer rim 34, which serves to position adjacent displacement bodies 30, wherein locking lugs 35, retaining lugs 36, or other positioning means may be provided on the rim 34. Figure 19 shows a half-shell 30A of a displacement body 30, which has a circumferential rim on which a locking lug 35, a locking receptacle 37, a retaining lug 36, and a retaining lug 38 are formed. Figures 20 and 21 show exemplary embodiments of displacement bodies 40, which are square in plan view and include a channel 41 with a circular cross-section in their central region. Each channel 41 is surrounded by an annular section 42 on the displacement body 40, the annular section 42 being without recesses. Each displacement body 40 includes an edge section 43, which can be used to position an adjacent displacement body 40, as shown in Figure 21. Figure 22 shows a half-shell 40A of a displacement body 40, and the displacement bodies 40 can be made from two half-shells 40A. Figures 23 and 24 show a further embodiment of displacement bodies 50, which, in plan view, are not square but triangular. Each displacement body 50 contains a channel 51 with a circular cross-section. The displacement body 50 has flattened sections 53 at the three vertices of the triangle, which, in a combined position of the displacement bodies 50, form open spaces 52. This allows the concrete in the area of ​​the lower reinforcement grid 5 to connect to the concrete in the area of ​​the upper reinforcement grid 2 not only through the channels 51 but also through the open spaces 52. The area of ​​the open spaces 52 is smaller than the area of ​​the channels 51 when viewed in plan view. Figures 25A and 25B show another embodiment of displacement bodies 60, each having a central channel 61 enclosed by an annular section of the displacement body 60. Additionally, the displacement body has a semicircular clearance 62 on each side face and a quarter-circular clearance 63 in the corner region. The displacement bodies 60 can be placed next to each other such that the webs 64 between the clearance 62 and the clearance 63 abut each other, as shown in Figure 25A. Figure 26 shows an embodiment with four displacement bodies 70 surrounding a channel 71. The channel 71 is surrounded by the four displacement bodies 70. Each displacement body 70 has four outwardly projecting webs 72, with two end faces of adjacent webs 72 abutting each other.The size of the channel 71 is thus determined by the geometry of the webs 72 and the displacement bodies 70, which in the illustrated embodiment is circular in plan view. Other cross-sectional shapes for the channel 71 are also possible. The height of the displacement bodies 70 can be selected according to the strength requirements, as in the first embodiments. In the illustrated embodiments, the channels have a circular or rhomboid cross-section. Other channel geometries can also be used. The displacement bodies 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 can rest loosely against each other at their contact surface. However, it is also possible to provide connecting elements, such as hooks or other components, that allow the displacement bodies 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 to be fixed to one another. Figure 27 shows a further embodiment of a displacement body 80, which is composed of two half-shells 80A and 80B. The two half-shells 80A and 80B are connected to each other at a circumferential rim 86, which has a step 87 in the middle region of each side edge. The half-shells 80A and 80B are identical in construction, with the upper half-shell shown in detail in two views in Figures 28A and 28B. The displacement body 80 comprises four hollow bodies 83, which in plan view have the shape of a quarter-circle segment. Each hollow body 83 is equipped with two Adjacent hollow bodies 83 are connected via spacers in the form of webs 84. Each web 84 has a marking 85, which serves as an aid when the displacement body 80 is to be divided into two parts, for example because an edge of a concrete slab no longer offers space for a whole displacement body 80, but can still be filled with half a displacement body 80 with two hollow bodies 83. As shown in Figure 28B, wall sections 88 are located in the webs 84 on the side facing the hollow bodies 83, so that if the webs 84 are cut, little or no concrete can flow into the hollow bodies 83. Reinforcing ribs 92 are provided on the inside of each hollow body 83, giving the displacement body 80 greater dimensional stability. The two half-shells 80A and 80B can first be positioned one above the other, as shown in Figure 29, and then placed on top of each other. In this position, fastening pins 82 can optionally be inserted into an opening 91 on an edge section to fix the two half-shells 80A and 80B together. The fastening pins 82 penetrate both edges of the half-shells 80A and 80B, preventing them from slipping relative to each other. The displacement bodies 80 produced in this way can be placed side by side as shown in Figure 31, without the need for additional fasteners. Each displacement body 80 rests against four other displacement bodies 80 in a central area. A channel 81 is formed between the four hollow bodies 83 of a displacement body 80, which gives the concrete slab a defined structure when concrete is poured. In Figure 32, the displacement bodies 80 are arranged between a lower reinforcement grid 5 and an upper reinforcement grid 2, each of which has longitudinal struts 3 and 6 and transverse struts 4 and 7, as can also be seen in Figure 33. In this position, concrete can now be poured, so that a lower concrete layer 9 is formed under the lower reinforcement grid 5 and an upper concrete layer 8 is formed over the upper reinforcement grid 2. The concrete flows through the channels 81 within the displacement bodies 80. As shown in Figure 34, it is optionally possible to provide reinforcement elements 19' for fixing adjacent displacement bodies 80. In Figure 34, a reinforcement element 19' in the form of a stirrup is provided, which is placed over the adjacent webs 84 to connect the hollow bodies 83. Figure 35 shows a rod-shaped reinforcement element 19, which is placed on the displacement bodies 80. Each hollow body 83 has an upwardly projecting, angled edge 89 in which a recess 90 is formed in the corner region. The rod-shaped reinforcement element 19 can be inserted into the recess 90 to pre-fix the displacement bodies 80. A rod-shaped reinforcement element 19 can thus extend diagonally over a plurality of displacement bodies 80. Optionally, instead of the rod-shaped reinforcement element 19, a reinforcement element according to Figure 7 with a loop 17 or a wave shape can also be used. Figures 36A and 36B show the displacement body 80 with its two half-shells 80A and 80B. It is, of course, possible to make the height of the displacement bodies 80 and the half-shells greater or smaller, and Figure 37A shows a taller half-shell 80A' of a displacement body 80' formed from two taller half-shells 80A' and 80B'. For even higher ceilings, displacement bodies 80" as shown in Figures 38A and 38B can also be used, comprising two even taller half-shells 80A" and 80B". The functionality of the displacement bodies 80' and 80" otherwise corresponds to the embodiment shown in Figures 27 to 35. Reference symbol list 1 concrete ceiling 2 Reinforcing mesh 3 longitudinal strut 4 cross braces 5 Reinforcing mesh 6 longitudinal strut 7 Cross brace 8 concrete layers 9 concrete layers 10 displacement bodies 10A Half-shell 10B Half-shell 1 1 channel Section 12 13 Bridge 14 Rand 15 In-depth study 1 6 Reinforcement element 17 loops 18 recess 19, 19' Reinforcement element 20 displacement bodies 20A Half-shell 20B Half-shell Channel 21 Section 22 23 In-depth study 24 Rand 25 Resting platform 26 Rasteraufnahme 27 landing stage 28 recording 30 displacement bodies 30A half-shell Channel 31 Section 32 33 In-depth study edge Resting place Boarding platform Raster image Boarding platform Displacement body A half-shell channel Section Edge section Displacement body channel Clear space flattening Displacement body channel open space open space web Displacement body channel web , 80', 80" displacement body A, 80A\ 80A" Half-shell B, 80B\ 80B" Half shell channel Fastening pin hollow body web mark edge Level Wall section edge recess opening Reinforcing rib height width

Claims

DEPCT6328 / 05 / 25621. A concrete ceiling (1) is constructed with a bottom reinforcement mesh (5) and an upper reinforcement mesh (2) in which a certain number of movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) are placed between this section in which the bottom and upper reinforcement meshes (2,5) and the movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) are embedded in the concrete and each movable object (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) is at least partially enclosed. One of the most common sections (11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81) is constructed as a connection between the concrete on the lower reinforcement mesh (5) and the concrete on the upper reinforcement mesh (2), where the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) are butted against each other on at least three sides in the central section of the concrete ceiling, which is characterized by the fact that no additional separators are provided between adjacent moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70) In such a way that the alignment of adjacent moving objects occurs by side edges or side walls where adjacent moving objects touch each other and the ratio of the cross-section of the openings (11,21,31,41,51,61) in moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60) to the surface area of ​​moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60) in the top view is at least between 0.2 and 0.

452. The concrete ceiling according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70) arranged in the center of the concrete ceiling (1) will 3. A concrete ceiling under claim 1 or 2 which is characterized by the ratio of the cross-section of the opening (11,21,31,41,51,61) in the moving object (10,20,30,40,50,60) to the surface area of ​​the moving object (10,20,30,40,50,60) in the top view being between 0.3 and 0.

4.

4. A concrete ceiling under one of the preceding claims which is characterized by the diameter of the opening (11,21,31,41,51,61,71) in the moving object (10,20,30,40,50,60).70) shall be between 200 mm and 450 mm, specifically between 250 mm and 400 mm.

5. Concrete ceilings under any of the preceding claims which are characterized in that the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70) are loosely placed on the underlying reinforcing mesh (5).

6. Concrete ceilings under any of the preceding claims which are characterized in that the moving objects (10,20,30,40) are formed into a substantial square shape in the top view.

7. Concrete ceilings under any of the preceding claims which are characterized in that 8. One of the preceding claims of a concrete ceiling which is characterized by the provision that at least one piece of the reinforcing mesh (2,5) is formed flat and, preferably, should not be joined in the plane of the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60).70)9. A concrete ceiling under one of the preceding claims which is characterized in which the moving objects (80) shall contain a number of hollow objects (83) which are connected to each other through separating pieces (84).

10. A concrete ceiling under claim 9 which is characterized in which four hollow objects (83) shall be provided which are connected to each other through separable cross plates.

11. An equipment set for the manufacture of a concrete ceiling (1) under one of the preceding claims which contains at least two reinforcing meshes (2,5) and A certain number of movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70)12. Method for the production of a concrete ceiling (1) which is composed of the following steps:-Alignment of the bottom reinforcement mesh (5);-Arrangement of a certain number of movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) on the bottom reinforcement mesh (5) where in the center area of ​​the reinforcement mesh (5) the movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) are pressed against each other on at least three sides in the area in order to align with each other where the movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) will be positioned side by side without additional separating pieces, thus the alignment of nearby moving objects will be affected by the side edges or side walls where nearby moving objects will touch each other - placement of a top reinforcing mesh (2) on a number of moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) and - pouring of concrete once or multiple times to produce a concrete ceiling (1).

13. The method under claim 12 is characterized in which the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) will butt against each other. All four sides in the mid-area of ​​the reinforcement mesh (2,5)14. Moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70) for the concrete ceiling (1) according to any one of claims 1 through 10-----------------------------------------------------------Page 1 of 3 pages Claims 1. A concrete ceiling (1) which is composed of a bottom reinforcement mesh (5) and an upper reinforcement mesh (2) in which a certain number of moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) shall be placed between this section in which the bottom and upper reinforcement mesh (2,5) and moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) will be embedded in the concrete and each movable object (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) will at least partially enclose at least one channel (11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81) which creates a connection between the concrete on the lower reinforcement mesh (5) and the concrete on the upper reinforcement mesh (2) where the movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) will butt against each other on at least three sides at least in part in the central area of ​​the concrete ceiling which is characterized in that no additional separating pieces will be provided between them.

1. Proximity of moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70) in such a way that the alignment of proximity of moving objects occurs by side edges or side walls where proximity of moving objects touches each other and the ratio of the cross-section of the opening (11,21,31,41,51,61) in moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60) to the surface area of ​​moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60) in the top view is at least between 0.2 and 0.

452. Concrete ceiling according to claim 1 which is characterized by moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70) which are placed in the center of the concrete ceiling (1) shall rest at least in the adjacent sections along the perimeter on the sides of all these sections.

3. A concrete ceiling according to claim 1 or 2 which is characterized in that the ratio of the cross-section of the vents (11,21,31,41,51,61) in the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60) to the surface area of ​​the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60) in the top view shall be between 0.3 and 0.4.

4. A concrete ceiling according to any of the preceding claims which is characterized in that Specifically, the diameter of the openings (11,21,31,41,51,61,71) in the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70) shall be between 200 mm and 450 mm, specifically between 250 mm and 400 mm.

5. Concrete ceilings under any of the preceding claims which are characterized by the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70) being loosely placed on the underlying reinforcing mesh (5).

6. Concrete ceilings under any of the preceding claims which are characterized by the moving objects (10,20,30,40) shall be formed into a substantial square shape in the top view on page 2 of page 3.

7. A concrete ceiling under one of the preceding claims which is characterized in which free space shall be provided between adjacent moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60) in which the surface area of ​​the free space in the top view shall be less than the area of ​​the space (11,21,31,41,51,61).

8. A concrete ceiling under one of the preceding claims which is characterized in which at least one piece of the reinforcing mesh (2,5) shall be formed into a substantial flat shape and, ideally, shall not be joined in the plane of the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60).70)9. A concrete ceiling under one of the preceding claims which is characterized in which the moving objects (80) shall contain a number of hollow objects (83) which are connected to each other through separating pieces (84).

10. A concrete ceiling under claim 9 which is characterized in which four hollow objects (83) shall be provided which are connected to each other through separable cross plates.

11. An equipment set for the manufacture of a concrete ceiling (1) under one of the preceding claims which contains at least two reinforcing meshes (2,5) and A certain number of movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70)12. Method for the production of a concrete ceiling (1) which is assembled with the following steps:-Alignment of the bottom reinforcement mesh (5);-Alignment of a certain number of movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) on the bottom reinforcement mesh (5) where in the central area of ​​the reinforcement mesh (5) the movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) are pressed against each other on at least three sides in the area in order to align with each other where the movable objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) shall be positioned side by side without additional separating pieces, thus the alignment of nearby moving objects shall be influenced by the side edges or side walls where nearby moving objects touch each other - placement of the top reinforcing mesh (2) on a number of moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) and - pouring of concrete once or multiple times to produce a concrete ceiling (1).

13. The method according to claim 12, which is characterized by the fact that the moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) shall be butted against each other on all four sides in the mid-area of ​​the reinforcing mesh (2,5). Page 3 of Number 3.

14. The moving objects (10,20,30,40,50,60,70) for a concrete ceiling (1) according to any one of claims 1 through 10-----------------------------------------------------------;,