Manufacturing process of biodegradable plastic bags.

Abstract

Page 1 of 6. Details of the invention? A name that reflects the invention? Manufacturing process of biodegradable plastic bags. Branches of science related to invention. Five branches of polymers related to the manufacturing process of biodegradable plastic bags. Background in the relevant art or science? Plastic pellets are generally another raw material used to produce a large number of household goods, such as: Medical equipment? Plastic packaging for everyday items such as toothbrushes and chairs, etc. The resulting problem is a massive amount of waste worldwide awaiting disposal. The 10 easiest disposal processes are burning or landfilling, but these methods have a negative impact on the environment. Environmental pollution that damages the ecosystem has led to the invention of new forms of plastic production. Biodegradable properties, also known as biodegradable plastics, are described as follows: ISO 472:1988 defines biodegradable plastics as plastics that have been treated to be biodegradable. Designed to accommodate certain chemical properties under specific environmental conditions. 15. This is determined by changes in the chemical structure resulting from natural microorganisms. ASTMD20:96 specifies that biodegradable plastics are plastics whose bonds can be broken. Polymer chains are formed through biological, chemical, and physical reactions under conditions that promote degradation. Break down the structure of plastic. Biodegradable plastics can be produced from petroleum and biomass raw materials. 20 Biomass that can be created from renewable raw materials (bio-based materials / renewable). Examples of biodegradable bioplastics include plastics that contain starch as a component. Starch-based plastic, polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkaline. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHAs), polybutylene succinate; PBS), polybutylene adipate-co terephthalate (PBAT) 25. This research focused on the use of PLA and PBAT because they are biodegradable polymers. Biological agents have the following properties: Polylactic acid (PLA) Polylactic acid (PLA) can be synthesized from lactic acid (LA), which can be produced through the fermentation of starch or sugar by plants. Plants are commonly used as raw materials in... 30. Synthetic processes include those in corn, cassava, wheat, and sugarcane, the molecular structures of which are shown on page 2 of 6. Synthesis can occur in both decrotatory (D-) and levorotatory (L+) forms, depending on the process. Synthesized as shown in Figure 8, or Racemic DL, which depends on the manufacturing method and its properties. The physical properties of PLA result from the isomer positions of L(+) and D(-) in the monomer of PLA. It consists of 3 stereoforms with different names, including poly-L-lactic acid. 5-acid (PLLA), poly-D-lactic (PDLA), and poly-DL-lactic (PDLA) DL-lactic acid (PDLLA) can be produced depending on its position on the monomer. PDLA and... PLLAStereoform can combine to form Stereo-complex PLA due to temperature changes. The melting temperature is quite high, around 220-230 degrees Celsius. Properties of... PLA differs depending on the structural proportions of L-isomer and D-isomer. 10. The physical, mechanical, and gas permeability properties of the material are as follows: 1. Solubility properties The dissolution of polylactic acid (PLA) depends on the proportion of its constituent units. The polymer chain and its degree of crystallinity are insoluble in water and alcohol. And hydrocarbon compounds that do not have substitute groups, such as hexane and heptane. 15. A good solvent for high optically pure PLA is poly-L-lactic acid. PLLA (polychlorinated or fluoride) is an organic solvent, a group of chlorinated or fluoride solutions. Fluorinated organic compounds, dioxane, dioxolane, and fluorine. (Furane) As for polylactic acid, in addition to being soluble in the solvents mentioned above, It is also soluble in acetone, pyridine, ethyl lactate, and ethyl... 20-acetate (Ethylacetate), tetrahydrofuran, xylene, dimethyl sulfide Dimethyl sulfur oxide, dimethyl formamide (N,Ndimethylformamide), and methyl Methylethylketone 2. Physical and mechanical properties PLA has a specific gravity of approximately 1.25 when not tensile (Unoriented PLA). 25. Very brittle, but possesses high stiffness and strength when subjected to tensile stretching. (Oriented) will have properties similar to polyethylene terephthalate. PET is better than oriented polystyrene (PS) in terms of tensile modulus and strength. The tensile and flexural modulus of PLA is higher than that of polyethylene (PE). High-density polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) are used, but... 30. Izodiac impact strength and elongation at break. It has a lower value than other types of polymers. 3. Thermal properties (page 3 of 6) Polylactic acid (PLA) has a glass transition temperature. The temperature (Tg) and melting point temperature (Tm) are considerably higher. The glass transition temperature of typical thermoplastics depends on their molecular weight and... The ratio between enantiomers was studied, and it was found that the glass transition temperature tended to increase. 5. Based on molecular weight, mixing the al-inantiomer with the deinantiomer causes the glass transition temperature to change. The slope tends to decrease as the ratio between L and D becomes closer, such as the ratio between... The ratio of A to B is 50:50. The glass transition temperature tends to drop lowest, and the melting temperature of the plastic is highest. Lilaktic acid (PLA) purity depends on the optical purity of the polymer, as well as its high melting temperature. The highest optical purity found in polylactic acid (PLA) (both PLLA and PDLA) is approximately... o The melting temperature of the polymer is 1018°C and has an enthalpy of 40-50 J / g. The melting temperature of the polymer decreases if there are certain structures present. o The amount of D-lactide as a component increases with a decrease in melting temperature of up to 50°C. This is a change in the melting temperature of polylactic acid (PLA) when a certain amount of Meso- is used. Does lactide increase in polymer synthesis? Generally, the melting temperature of polylactic acid. o (PLA) has a melting point range of 130-160°C and experiences a decrease in melting temperature due to the Meso- effect. The important properties of 15-lactide make it easier to mold and reduce degradation due to heat. 4. Barrier properties (resistance to gas and liquid permeation) The gas and liquid permeability properties of polylactic acid (PLA) are similar to those of... Common polymers used in packaging include polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephedrine. Polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) - Coefficient of Carbon Dioxide Permeability 20. The permeability of oxygen and N2 to polylactic acid (PLA) is lower than that of polystyrene. (Polystyrene;PS) but higher in strength than polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In terms of water vapor permeability, they are similar. In addition, polylactic acid (PLA) also has protective properties. The diffusion of odors is good, as determined by the diffusion coefficient of organic compounds such as... Ethyl acetate and D-linonene were found to have values ​​similar to polyethylene terephthalate. 25(Polyethyleneterephthalate;PET) Applications of polylactic acid (PLA)? Polylactic acid (PLA) has many applications, including: -Medical applications: Polylactic acid (PLA) is used as sutures. Staples, wound dressings, and surgical implants. 30 devices for orthopedic fixation, materials for delivering or releasing medication, of which PLA is present. Biocompatible and bioresorbable. Biological systems (page 4 of 6) - Packaging: Polylactic acid (PLA) can be used to produce disposable packaging. Food containers, water bottles, film bags for packaging, etc. - Non-woven fabric and sheet type: Polylactic acid (PLA) can... It is used to manufacture clothing and textiles, or as fibers for stuffing in bedding. 5. Automotive field: Polylactic acid (PLA) can be used as a component in molding. Components of the shock absorbers, floor mats, and interior trim. -In electronics and communications: Polylactic acid (PLA) can be used. It is used as a component in mobile phone assemblies, computer parts, or CDs. Poly(butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate); 10PBAT) Poly(butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate); PBAT is a random, biodegradable copolymer, polybutylene adipate copolymer. Repphthalate (PBAT) is a copolyester of adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol. (1,4-butanediol) and dimethyl terephthalate (PBAT) are produced from... 15 diverse manufacturers known by trade names such as ecoflex, Wango, Ecoworld, Easter. Bio and Origo-Bi are examples of commonly marketed polybutylene adipate coterephthalate (PBAT). It is a biodegradable alternative plastic that can replace the use of polyethylene plastic. (Polyethylene; PE) Both plastics share similar properties, including flexibility and shape retention. Therefore, it is used in similar manufacturing processes, such as in plastic bags and packaging plastics. 20. The structure of the polymer polybutylene adipate coterephthalate (PBAT) is block-like. A copolymer obtained by forming cross-linking bonds between two block copolymers. However, the actual structure remains a random copolymer of multiple block structures bonded together. From what has been stated above, it can be seen that polylactic acid (PLA) still has drawbacks, such as its... Its brittleness or low impact resistance has led to numerous research studies attempting to improve its properties through composite methods. 25. Which polymer can help improve these properties? Polybutylene adipate coterephthalate (PBAT) is one example. Another type of polymer commonly used in mixtures to improve the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA). In terms of heat resistance (Gregoriouetal., 2005) and electrical conductivity (conducting properties). This can be done by adding clay as an additive. Characteristics and purpose of the invention. 30. This invention relates to the process of manufacturing biodegradable plastic bags. This process involves the following steps: using polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate coterephthalate. (PBAT) is dried to remove moisture in an oven, then coated and mixed thoroughly using a twin-screw extruder. (Page 5 of 6) The blended polymer is cut into small pellets using a plastic pellet cutter and then dried to remove moisture. It is then blown into a biodegradable plastic bag using a film-blowing technique. The purpose of this invention is to improve the method of manufacturing plastic bags. Biodegradable and heat-resistant material that can be molded using a blow molding machine. 5 films in an industrial system. What is the description of the painting by Yod? Figure 1 shows the cross-sectional surface characteristics of a PLA / PBAT clay mixture. Figure 2 shows the cross-sectional surface characteristics of PLA. Complete disclosure of the invention. The 10 processes for producing biodegradable plastic bags consist of the following steps: A. Use 65-70% by weight of polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate. Coterephthalate (PBAT) at a concentration of 25-30% by weight was dried in an oven at 50°C. -60 degrees Celsius for 8-12 hours in this mixture of polybutylene adipate coterephthalate. (PBAT) is used to increase the toughness of polymer blends. 15. Add clay to increase the heat resistance of the polymer blend and prevent degradation. The degradation of polymers also helps to create porous polymer mixtures that allow gas to permeate. Suitable for use in products requiring gas permeability properties by adding clay at a certain percentage. Add 3-5 by weight to the mixture obtained from the mixer and mix thoroughly using a twin-screw extruder. Rotation speed 50-60 revolutions per minute, melting temperature inside the melting cylinder starting from the feed section (Hopper). From 20 to the head, the temperature is 80, 180, 190, 195, 200, 210, 215, and 130 degrees Celsius, respectively. C. Take the polymer mixture obtained from step C and cut it into small pellets using a plastic pellet cutter. d. Next, dry the plastic pellets obtained from step 2 by removing moisture at a temperature of 55-60 degrees Celsius. For 12-24 hours. The process involves taking the dried plastic pellets and applying a film-blowing technique to them. 25. The blowing method uses air for cooling, where the heat at the blower head reaches 120 degrees Celsius, resulting in a plastic bag. biological Table 1 shows the properties of biodegradable plastic bags. Properties of biodegradable plastic bags. Deformation resistance (Modulus) 1701MPa Elongation at 2.78% (before fracture) (Break) Page 6 of 6 pages. Properties of biodegradable plastic bags. Tensile strength: 31.58 MPa o Tg(Glasstransitiontemperature)65C o Tm (Melting Temperature) 130.7C o Tc(CrystallizationTemperature)151C 2 Oxygen permeation: 586.28 cc / m³ / day From Table 1, Tg (Glass transition temperature) is the temperature at which large molecules change. The state changes from glassy state to rubbery state (Melting Temperature). It is the melting temperature of a polymer, from solid to liquid, and Tc. Crystallization temperature is the temperature at which crystals form. 5. From Figure 1, it can be observed that the cross-sectional surface shows increased porosity, which differs from the surface. The cross-section in Figure 2 shows no visible pores, which would affect increased gas permeation. What is the best way to invent something? As previously stated in the section on complete disclosure of the invention;

Claims

OCR1. The manufacturing process of biodegradable plastic bags consists of the following steps: a. Dry 65-70% by weight of polylactic acid (PLA) and 25-30% by weight of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) in an oven at 50-60 degrees Celsius for 8-12 hours. b. Add 3-5% by weight of clay to the mixture from step a. Mix thoroughly using a twin-screw extruder at a specified speed. A. The melting temperature inside the melting cylinder, from the hopper to the molding head, is 80, 180, 190, 195, 200, 210, 215, and 130 degrees Celsius, respectively, at 50-60 revolutions per minute. B. The mixed polymer is then cut into small pellets using a plastic pellet cutter. C. The pellets are dried at a temperature of 55-60 degrees Celsius for 12-24 hours to remove moisture. D. The pellets are then blown into film using a blow molding technique with air cooling, reaching a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius at the blowing head, resulting in biodegradable plastic bags.

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