TIRE STRUCTURE

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction of the tire (L) which includes additional reinforcing material added to the rim cushion (6) component in order to strengthen the heel, between the rim cushion (6) and the heel apex (4) in the heel region of the tire (L).

Description

1 TARIFF TIRE STRUCTURE TECHNICAL AREA 5 The invention relates to the bead structure found in vehicle tires. Specifically, the invention concerns the tire's... in the heel area, between the rim cushion and the heel apex, to strengthen the heel. Tire construction that includes additional reinforcement material added to the rim cushion component. It is related to. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE 10 Latex is the milky sap of some plants found in nature. Latex producers... These trees are mostly found in tropical climates. The main tree species are Ficuselastica. These are Funtumia de Castilloa and Hevea Brasiliensis. Hevea Brasiliensis is different from the other species. It has a higher latex content. Natural rubber comes from the Hevea brasiliensis tree. It is obtained from latex. Latex is dried or agglomerated after 15 Natural rubber is obtained from Malaysia, followed by Indonesia and Thailand. They are the largest producers. Classified as TSR (Technically Specified Rubber) According to SMR (Standard Malaysian Rubber), SIR (Standard Indonesian Rubber) are different. These are natural rubbers produced in various countries. The average molecular weight of natural rubber is 200,000- It ranges between 400,000 g / mol. This molecular weight is approximately 20 within polymer chains. This indicates that there are 3000-5000 isoprene units. In natural rubber, each unit of isoprene contains one unit of isoprene. It has double bonds. Natural rubber contains sulfur, sulfur-donating systems, and peroxides. It is vulcanized with various systems such as isocyanates. Operating temperature range - It is between 60°C and 90°C. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of natural rubber is -70°C. Because it is around 25°C, its performance at low temperatures is excellent. Natural rubber has a high performance of 25°C. It exhibits a high degree of crystallization. This property gives it high elasticity and high... high tensile strength, high tear strength, good dynamic properties, low permanent It adds many superior features such as resistance to deformation. A car tire, or simply a tire, is a self-inflating material that surrounds a car wheel. It is a rubber coating that fits around an inflating inner cylinder. The tire contains 30 pressurized air. Designed to hold in place, it is mounted on the wheel rim and provides contact between the vehicle and the ground. The most important feature of the vehicle is its composite structure containing many chemicals. 2 Tires are one of the components of a vehicle's running gear. It is the part responsible for ground and driving compatibility. Rubber is a flexible material obtained by processing raw rubber. Natural or synthetic rubber, 5 It is vulcanized with sulfur and turned into rubber. The production of rubber is simply... This does not happen through vulcanization. In addition to this main process, additives are added to the rubber. These factors are also of great importance. Because tires have a wide range of uses, The characteristics required for these fields are also different. Tire technology has undergone significant advancements from its invention to the present day. Tire 10 Generally, it consists of body (ply fabrics), back (sole), sidewall, heel, shoulder, and elastic structures. It consists of a bead structure in the tire. One of the functions of the bead structure in the tire is to secure the tire to the rim. The purpose is to ensure its assembly. Depending on usage, one of the rubber parts is the heel. Damage occurs in the structure of the currently used cheek structures. It has been observed that its strength and resistance to impacts are low. 15 Deterioration also occurs in the heel area due to high temperatures. As a result of the research conducted on the subject, application number 2001 / 01593 It has been encountered. The application concerns an improved heel-shaped outer tire specifically designed for vehicle wheels. It is related to. However, the relevant application mentions the heel area of ​​the tire, the sidewall and the heel apex. among them, additional reinforcement added to the side component to strengthen the heel 20 The text does not mention the rubber composition containing the specified material. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions being the subject of discussion... Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been made. THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION 25 The present invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned problems and provide technical solutions in the relevant field. It aims to create an innovation. The invention was created by drawing inspiration from existing situations and overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks. It aims to solve the problem. The main purpose of the invention is to increase the strength between the rim cushion and the ply in vehicle tires by 30. The aim is to ensure its increase. 3 Another purpose of the invention is to connect the heel of the tire, the apex and the ply with the rim cushion. preventing damage caused by high heat in the area where the junction is located to provide. 5 Another aim of the invention is to prevent heel deformation in vehicle tires. Another aim of the invention is to strengthen the bead structure in vehicle tires. To achieve the purposes described above, the invention is used for motor vehicles on highways. The tire structure used in all types of land vehicles, such as non-motorized and special-purpose vehicles. and is located in the heel area of ​​the tire, at the apex and in the area where the ply joins the rim cushion, 10 to prevent damage caused by high heat, increase strength and protect the heel It contains embedded mixture used to reinforce it. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. This becomes clearer thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures. This will be understood, and therefore the evaluation should also take these forms and detailed explanations into account. 15 It needs to be done by taking precautions. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION All the purposes mentioned above and those that will emerge from the detailed explanation below. The present invention aims to achieve this by modifying the heel area of ​​the tire, the apex and the rim of the ply. to prevent damage caused by high heat in the area where it joins the cushion, 20 To increase resistance and strengthen the heel, motorized and non-motorized vehicles on roads, tire structures used in special purpose vehicles and all types of land vehicles are obtained. It is a method aimed at achieving this. Accordingly;  The total of natural rubber, SBR rubber and butadiene rubber materials is 100 to be phr; 25  20-100 phr natural rubber,  0-70 phr butadiene rubber,  0-80 phr SBR rubber, and in addition to these;  20-90 phr carbon black, 30  2-10 phr zinc oxide,  1-5 phr stearic acid, 4  3-7 phr preservatives,  1-5 phr sulfur,  1-5 phr accelerators, 5  0-0.75 phr retarders, The embedded mixture containing the material is used. A preferred configuration of the invention is to strengthen the bead structure in vehicle tires. To provide this, the embedded compound used in tire construction;  Natural rubber with a percentage range of 5.36-26.82%, 10  Butadiene rubber in the range of 0-18.77%,  SBR rubber with a percentage range of 0-21.46%,  Carbon black in the range of 5.36-24.14%,  Zinc oxide in the range of 0.53-2.68%,  Stearic acid in the range of 0.26-1.34%, 15  Preservatives in the range of 0.80-1.87%,  Sulfur content in the range of 0.26-1.34%,  Accelerators with a ratio range of 0.26-1.34%  0-0.20% retardants It includes. 20 A preferred configuration of the invention is the pre-vulcanization time in tire formulation. N-cyclohexylthiophthalimide (PVI) as a retarder to ensure the increase It is used. A preferred configuration of the invention is in the embedded compound within the tire structure. The aforementioned butadiene rubber contains 98% cis, 1% trans, and 1% vinyl butadiene, totaling 25%. It is produced using a neodymium catalyst. A preferred configuration of the invention is in the embedded compound within the tire structure. The aforementioned butadiene rubber contains 96% cis, 2% trans, and 2% vinyl butadiene. It is obtained using a cobalt catalyst. A preferred configuration of the invention involves 30 embedded compounds in the tire structure. The aforementioned butadiene rubber contains 96% cis, 3% trans, and 1% vinyl butadiene, with nickel. It is obtained using a catalyst. A preferred configuration of the invention is in the embedded compound within the tire structure. The aforementioned butadiene rubber contains 93% cis, 3% trans, and 4% vinyl butadiene. It is obtained using a titanium catalyst. 5 A preferred configuration of the invention is in the embedded compound within the tire structure. The butadiene mentioned is in the range of 10-30% cis in rubber and 20-60% in rubber. trans, containing vinyl butadiene in a range of 10-70%, using a lithium catalyst. is obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 10 Figure 1 provides a representative illustration of the tire structure that is the subject of this invention. Figure 2 provides a representative illustration of the tire structure that is the subject of this invention. The drawings do not necessarily need to be scaled and are useful for understanding the invention. Unnecessary details may have been omitted. Furthermore, at least the major Elements that are identical to a certain extent, or at least have largely identical functions, are the same 15 It is indicated by a number. EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1. Embedded mixture 2. Lining 3rd Floor 20 4. Apex 5. Heel wire 6. Wheel cushion 7. Black cheeks 8. Back 25 9. Steel belt L. Tire 6 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In this detailed explanation, the subject of the invention, "TIRE STRUCTURE," is only a broader aspect of the subject. To ensure a good understanding, it is explained with examples that do not create any limiting effects. 5 The rubber (L) structure subject to the invention consists of embedded compound (1), liner (2), ply (3), apex (4), from the structures of heel wire (5), rim cushion (6), black sidewall (7), tread (8) and steel belt (9) It consists of. The composition of the embedded mixture (1) in its simplest form is:  Natural rubber 10  Butadiene Rubber  SBR Rubber  Carbon Black  Zinc Oxide  Stearic Acid 15  Preservatives  Sulfur  Accelerators  Retarders It is characterized by its inclusion. 20 The embedded mixture used in the invention (1) strengthens the heel structure of vehicle tires (L). It is used for this purpose and this mixture consists of various materials. Figure 1 shows a representative view of the rubber (L) structure that is the subject of the invention. Embedded compound (1), rim cushion (6) and black sidewall (7) are shown. Figure 2 shows a representative illustration of the rubber (L) structure that is the subject of the invention. 25 The mixture used in the embedded mixture (1) was intended to have low heat generation and The polymer / filler structure and vulcanization system are designed taking this into consideration. It is designed with low heat generation under dynamic and mechanical conditions, thus maintaining the tire's thermal properties. This prevents fatigue. The adhesion property is very high with the textile cord coating mixture. It has a high level of flexibility, increasing its resistance to tearing. 30 In addition, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the mixture decrease as a result of thermal aging. 7 High values ​​are preferred. The prescription will be for a total of 100 phr. It contains natural rubber, butadiene rubber, and SBR rubber. For example, a mixture of 100 phr natural rubber or 50 phr natural rubber, 30 phr SBR rubber and 20 phr butadiene 5 Contains rubber. The synthesis of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is mostly by emulsion polymerization or This occurs through solution polymerization. During polymerization, the reaction... The types of initiators and emulsifiers, and even the types of terminators, are gaining importance. Depending on the differences, different products emerge within the elastomeric structure. Many 10 Obtaining high molecular weight SBR significantly improves the rubbery properties of the material. This results in a hard material with low elasticity, abrasion resistance, and thermal properties. Its strength and aging properties are better than natural rubber. SBR rubber is made from styrene and... It consists of butadiene copolymer. Its chemical structure is given below. In general, the processing and production procedures of SBR compounds are similar to those of natural rubber. It resembles the "cis" and "trans" structure and the styrene-butadiene solution in SSBR. (rubber) has several advantages due to the narrow molecular weight distribution of the polymer. These advantages include better flexibility, less heat generation, and less wear. They are listed in order. 20 SBR blends typically offer better abrasion, crack initiation, and heat resistance than natural rubber. It demonstrates resistance. SBR extrusions are smoother and retain their natural shape. It provides better protection than rubber. In butadiene rubber, the types of polybutadiene obtained depend on the catalyst type. This is indicated in the table below: 25 8 Table-1 Table 1 shows the 5% of butadiene rubber products obtained, predominantly depending on the catalyst type. Types of polybutadiene are given. The preferred configuration of the invention includes 20-100 phr natural rubber and 0-70 phr butadiene 10. Rubber, 0-80 phr SBR rubber is used. In the preferred configuration of the invention... by weight percentage range: 5.36-26.82% natural rubber, 0-18.77% butadiene rubber, 0- 21.46 SBR rubber is used. Carbon black has a semi-graphite structure; when mixed with rubber, it reduces the breaking strength of the rubber. It is an amorphous carbon that increases strength, modulus, abrasion resistance, and tear resistance. 15 9 Carbon blacks are defined according to the ASTM D-1765 standard. Conforming to the standard... The code consists of 4 digits. The first digit contains the letters S, N, and F. The letter S (slow) Acidic channel black, which slows down the vulcanization rate, is represented by the letter N (neutral) in vulcanization 5. Basic blacks that have no effect on the speed and F(fast) blacks that increase the vulcanization speed. It indicates the particle size. The second digit relates to particle size. As the number increases, the particle diameter increases. It is growing. The 3rd digit relates to the structure of carbon black. The 4th digit relates to carbon in the same group. It is used to indicate a characteristic where black is a secondary property. In the preferred configuration of the invention, 20-90 phr carbon black increases the wear resistance of the tire by 10. It is used to enhance and provide protection against UV rays. The invention is preferred. In its composition, the percentage range by weight is 5.36-24.14% carbon black. It is used. The types and properties of the carbons used in the alternative structures of the invention are listed below. It includes: 15 Table-2 Table 2 lists the types and properties of carbons. Accelerators speed up the baking time (1) of the embedded mixture and vulcanization These are chemicals that increase the product's resistance to aging. The mixture contains two or 20... primary and secondary accelerating effects when more accelerators are used In this way, the combination of these accelerators affects the rheological properties of the mixture. They support each other. This feature allows for the use of less sulfur and consequently... Consequently, it also provides improved thermal aging resistance due to higher heat resistance. When sulfur is used alone, the vulcanization rate is very low; high Even with the use of large amounts of sulfur at high temperatures, the cross-linking density remains low, and The properties of the resulting material are not satisfactory. Good vulcanization properties 5 To achieve this, it is necessary to use several accelerators together, cross-linking. The reaction is accelerated and vulcanization becomes economical. Different accelerators Adjusting the initial and vulcanization times using the mixtures. This is achieved by reducing the amount of sulfur, thereby minimizing the undesirable side reactions of sulfur. This is encountered less frequently, and the fatigue resistance of the product increases. 10 Accelerator to speed up the vulcanization process in the embedded mixture (1) (Accelerator) chemicals are used. These chemicals alter the physicomechanical properties of the mixture. By affecting its properties, it accelerates the vulcanization process. The preferred method of the invention. The formulation uses 1-5 phr accelerator, which is 0.26-1.34% by weight. This corresponds to the accelerator. These components accelerate the vulcanization process of the tire by 15 By optimizing, it improves the overall performance and durability of the product. The most commonly used activators in embedded mixtures (1) are zinc oxide and stearic acid. Zinc Oxide and stearic acid act as 'activators' to ensure the efficient operation of accelerators. They provide this. However, using only sulfur would make the cooking process too long. They enable the activation of accelerators. Zinc oxide is used in the vulcanization process at 20°C. It functions as an activator that facilitates the bonding of rubber with sulfur. Stearic acid is a lubricant that facilitates the processing of rubber, and zinc oxide... It increases its solubility in rubber. In the preferred configuration of the invention, 2-10 phr Zinc oxide and 1-5 phr stearic acid are used, which corresponds to a concentration of 0.53% by weight. This means 2.68% zinc oxide and 0.26-1.34% stearic acid. 25 Elastomers age over time, and during this process they harden, degrade, soften, and Changes in shape characteristics occur due to fatigue. This The most important reason for these changes is the presence of double bonds in elastomers. Double bonds, By reacting with oxygen, ozone, and other active substances, it alters the properties of elastomers. This causes changes. Oxidation, depending on the elastomer type, involves oxygen 30 This causes the chains of the molecules to break, and this leads to softening. This results in cross-linking, which causes the elastomer to harden. Unsaturated elastomers, especially those under tension, are very sensitive to ozone; tension Ozone cracks are forming perpendicularly in the direction of stress. These cracks occur without stress. 11 It does not occur. Temperature and humidity accelerate the formation of ozone holes. and heat enhances the effect of oxygen; furthermore, its effect causes the material to deteriorate in an oxygen-free environment. Various reactions occur that alter their properties. Long-term mechanical stresses... 5 tires exposed to prolonged bending (L), especially when subjected to frequent bending, have on their surfaces Cracks are forming. These cracks grow perpendicular to the direction of stress and completely destroy the product. It increases until it ruptures. Cracks develop relatively quickly in vulcanized NR. In SBR, however, cracks form slowly. It is starting and growing faster. The elastomers aging above 10 To protect them from these factors, preservative chemicals are added to the mixtures. As the tire undergoes oxidation and thermal aging, protective substances affect the tire's environmental impact. It increases the resistance of vehicle tires (L) to environmental factors. They remain and the rubber compound (L) degrades over time. In rubber (L) To prevent these negative effects, we use protective agents called antioxidants. Chemicals are used. The main function of antioxidants is to prevent cracks on the rubber (L) surface. It slows down the formation and propagation of cracks. The preferred method of the invention. It contains 3-7 phr preservatives in its composition, which means 0.80-1.87% by weight. Preservatives are used. Sulfur binds rubber molecules together, increasing the elastic structure of the tire. It is formed. In the preferred formulation of the invention, 1-5 phr sulfur is used. The preferred composition of the invention contains sulfur in the weight range of 0.26-1.34%. It is used. Retarders are used to increase the pre-vulcanization time in the sulfur vulcanization of elastomers. Its short length reduces fire safety; pre-vulcanization 25 Delaying agents are used to increase the time. Delaying agents are used for premature babies. They prevent vulcanization. In the preferred formulation of the invention, 0-0.75 phr A retarder is used. In the preferred configuration of the invention, the weight ratio is... A retarder of 0-0.20% is used in this range. In the preferred configuration of the invention... The retarder is N-cyclohexylthiophthalimide (PVI). 30 To provide additional properties to the embedded mixture (1) composition of the invention Different chemicals are added. The preferred compositions use the materials listed below. It includes these materials and their proportions phr (parts per hundred rubber, one hundred rubber). 12 The amount is specified in terms of (pieces per unit), meaning how much material is needed for every 100 pieces of rubber. This indicates that he will participate. Natural rubber 20 phr 100 phr Butadiene Rubber 0 phr 70 phr SBR Rubber 0 phr 80 phr Carbon Black 20 phr 90 phr Zinc Oxide 2 phr 10 phr Stearic Acid 1 phr 5 phr Preservatives 3 phr 7 phr Sulfur 1 phr 5 phr Accelerators 1 phr 5 phr Retarders 0 phr 0.75 phr Table-3 5 In Table-3, the materials and ratios of the embedded mixture (1) phr (parts per hundred rubber, The price is given in units of rubber (per piece per surface). When rubber ratios are calculated per 100 pieces, the following table is given: Maximum and minimum values ​​are formed based on weight. Natural rubber 5.36 26.82 Butadiene Rubber 0 18.77 SBR Rubber 0 21.46 Carbon Black 5.36 24.14 Zinc Oxide 0.53 2.68 Stearic Acid 0.26 1.34 Preservatives 0.80 1.87 Sulfur 0.26 1.34 Accelerators 0.26 1.34 Retarder 0 0.20 Table-4 10 Table-4 shows the max and min composition of the embedded mixture (1) preferred in the invention. Their structures are given. 13 Each of the materials used in the embedded compound (1) affects different properties of the tire. and determines the performance of the developed tire (L) structure. As a result, this The compound increases the tire's resistance to high heat and mechanical stress in the heel area by 5. By increasing this, it improves the overall performance and safety of the tire. Between the rim cushion (6) and the heel apex (4) in the heel area of ​​the tire (L), the heel Additional embedded mixture (1) added to the rim cushion (6) component to strengthen it It is used. The embedded mixture (1) is formed between the rim cushion (6) and the ply (3). It ensures increased strength. Through embedded mixture (1), users 10 also prevents heel injury caused by low air usage. It enables passage. At the heel of the tire (L), at the junction of the apex (4) and the ply (3) with the rim cushion (6) Damage occurs in the region as a result of high heat. Buried mixture (1) In the unused wheel cushion (6), the strength is insufficient against side impacts 15 It is seen that the heel is made by means of the embedded compound (1) used in the tire (L). Damage caused by high temperatures in the region is prevented and strength is increased. Durability is provided to the tire (L). The aforementioned tire (L) configuration is suitable for use on all types of land vehicles. It has been developed. 20 The scope of protection of the invention is specified in the claims attached hereto, and these details are strictly adhered to. The explanation cannot be limited to those given for illustrative purposes. Because a technically skilled person... the person, without deviating from the main theme of the invention, in light of what has been described above, similar It is clear that these structures can emerge.

Claims

14 REQUESTS 1. The invention relates to motorized, non-motorized, special-purpose vehicles and all types of land vehicles on roads. The tire used in the vehicle has an (L) configuration, and its characteristic is; in the (L) heel region of the tire, 5 High heat in the area where the apex (4) and the ply (3) meet the rim cushion (6) to prevent damage, increase durability and strengthen the heel,  The total of natural rubber, SBR rubber and butadiene rubber materials is 100 In the form of phr;  20-100 phr natural rubber, 10  0-70 phr butadiene rubber,  0-80 phr SBR rubber, and in addition to these;  20-90 phr carbon black,  2-10 phr zinc oxide, 15  1-5 phr stearic acid,  3-7 phr preservatives,  1-5 phr sulfur,  1-5 phr accelerators,  0-0.75 phr retarders, 20 The use of the embedded mixture (1) is included.

2. The tire (L) configuration conforming to Claim 1, its characteristic is; (L) bead on vehicle tires. The embedded mixture used to strengthen the structure (1);  Natural rubber with a content range of 5.36-26.82%, 25  Butadiene rubber in the range of 0-18.77%,  SBR rubber with a percentage range of 0-21.46%,  Carbon black in the range of 5.36-24.14%,  Zinc oxide in the range of 0.53-2.68%,  Stearic acid in the range of 0.26-1.34%, 30  Preservatives in the range of 0.80-1.87%,  Sulfur content in the range of 0.26-1.34%,  Accelerators with a ratio range of 0.26-1.34%  0-0.20% retardants It includes.

3. The tire (L) configuration conforming to Claim 1, its characteristic being; pre-vulcanization time N-cyclohexylthiophthalimide (PVI) 5 is used as a retarder to ensure the increase. It is the use of.

4. The tire (L) configuration is in accordance with Claim 1, and its characteristic is that it is in the embedded compound (1) mentioned. neodymium butadiene rubber containing 98% cis, 1% trans, and 1% vinyl butadiene. It is obtained by using a catalyst. 10 5. The tire (L) configuration is in accordance with Claim 1 and its characteristic is that it is in the embedded compound (1) mentioned. butadiene rubber containing 96% cis, 2% trans, and 2% vinyl butadiene with cobalt. It is obtained by using a catalyst.

6. The tire (L) configuration is in accordance with Claim 1, and its characteristic is that it is in the embedded compound (1) mentioned. butadiene rubber containing 96% cis, 3% trans, and 1% vinyl butadiene with a nickel catalyst. It is obtained by using...

7. The tire (L) configuration is in accordance with Claim 1 and its characteristic is that it has 20 mentioned in the embedded compound (1). Titanium butadiene rubber containing 93% cis, 3% trans, and 4% vinyl butadiene. It is obtained by using a catalyst.

8. The tire (L) configuration is in accordance with Claim 1, and its characteristic is that it is in the embedded compound (1) as mentioned. Butadiene in rubber is classified as cis (10-30%), trans (20-60%), and 10-25%. Obtained using a lithium catalyst to contain vinyl butadiene in the range of 70%. It is done.

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