AN AIR-TO-WATER HEAT PUMP SYSTEM WITH IMPROVED OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY.

Abstract

This invention is particularly useful for cooling, as it helps to lower the ambient temperature. with an air-to-water heat pump system whose operating efficiency is improved in this mode It is related to. Air to water heat pump system (1); by compressing the refrigerant, its temperature is increased. increasing the compressor (2), located at the compressor (2) outlet and from the compressor (2) to a refrigerant diverter that directs the outgoing refrigerant (3), water and a plate heat exchanger that enables heat transfer between 10 refrigerants (4) is positioned at the outlet of the plate heat exchanger (4) to regulate the pressure of the coolant. an electronic expansion valve (5) that lowers its temperature, electronic expansion valve (5) located at the outlet and condensing the refrigerant using outside air. a finned tube heat exchanger (6), a liquid that stores the condensed refrigerant in liquid phase to the 15 tanks (7) and the compressor (2) by passing through the refrigerant in liquid phase. an outdoor unit (9) which has a battery (8) that enables it to enter, pressurizes the water to a pump (10) that provides the circulation, which is activated as needed and the water to at least one heater (11) which provides heating, depending on the temperature of the water coming out of the heater (11). water tank (12) to which it is directed and a fan coil (13) and heater (11) and water tank The water coming out of the heater (11) is selectively regulated between 20 (12) and fan coil (13). a water diverter (14) that directs water to the tank (12) or fan coil (13) It includes an indoor unit (15).

Description

1 TARIFF AIR-TO-WATER HEAT TRANSFORMER WITH IMPROVED WORK EFFICIENCY. PUMP SYSTEM This invention is particularly useful for cooling, as it helps lower the temperature of its surroundings. With an air-to-water heat pump system whose operating efficiency is improved in mode 5 It is related. Today, air-to-water heat pumps are used for heating and cooling residential buildings. The use of heat pump systems is becoming widespread. These systems convert air into water for heating. Pump systems meet the hot water and heating needs of a house, especially during the winter months. It is used to meet the needs of the water supply during the day, while in summer it is used to cool the environment and also to meet the need for hot water. It is used to meet. Air-to-water heat pump systems, refrigerant line in heating and cooling mode. It can be examined via two lines: the refrigerant line and the water line. The refrigerant line and this line 15 All the components on it are referred to as the system's external unit, and these are all... The residential building is located outside the building. The water line and all components on this line are hydroelectric. They are called lines or indoor units, and all of these are within the installation that connects to the residential indoor environment. They are positioned so that the coolant and water are placed together in heating and cooling mode. The critical component through which heat is transferred is the plate heat exchanger located in the outdoor unit. 20 Switching from heating mode to cooling mode in air-to-water heat pump systems. During this process, the flow on the refrigerant side of the plate heat exchanger is controlled using a four-way valve. The direction of flow reverses, while the flow direction on the water side remains constant. In heating mode, While cross-flow occurs in the plate heat exchanger, only 25 is available when switching to cooling mode. Due to the change in the direction of the refrigerant flow, the flow becomes parallel. This situation The logarithmic mean temperature directly affects the capacity obtained from the plate heat exchanger. plate heat exchangers cause a decrease in the log mean temperature difference. This causes a decrease in capacity. In this case, the system is in cooling mode. This leads to a decrease in productivity while working. 30 2 A European patent document, numbered EP3943822, which is included in the prior art, The document refers to heat pump systems and describes the heat pump systems mentioned. The use of a damper to prevent refrigerant leakage in the pump system and The control of this is explained. 5 In the European patent document numbered EP2450637, which is included in the known state of the art, the air We are talking about a complex system for conditioning and water supply. The system utilizes an air conditioning unit and a hot water unit. Hot water By adding a second heat pump to the unit, a cascaded current is supplied to the system's condenser. A connection is being made. 10 Therefore, in the known state of the technology, efficiency is increased when operating in cooling mode. An air-to-water heat pump system is needed. The aim of this invention is to create a plate heat exchanger 15 that can be used in both heating and cooling modes. Cooling mode by always performing the airflow across it in a cross-flow manner. The goal is to develop an air-to-water heat pump system with improved efficiency. In order to achieve the purpose of this invention, the initial demand and the demands dependent on this demand are carried out. an outdoor unit that is defined and in which the refrigerant cycle is performed, 20 an indoor unit in which water circulation takes place, and an outdoor unit that is placed inside it. a plate heat exchanger that enables heat transfer between the coolant and the water placed in the heat exchanger and inside the indoor unit, it circulates the water within the indoor unit. a pump that provides heat transfer between water and coolant 25 air-to-water transfer system that can operate in cooling mode and heating mode depending on the transfer method. Heat pump system; heat exchanger between plate heat exchanger and indoor unit in both heating and cooling modes. In cooling mode, the water flow across the plate heat exchanger will be in a cross pattern. It includes a routing group configured for redirection. Routing The system controls the water flow from the pump to the plate heat exchanger and from the plate heat exchanger to the indoor unit. By arranging it appropriately, both heating and cooling can be achieved on the plate heat exchanger. 30 This allows for the creation of cross-flow in the plate heat exchanger mode. 3 especially in cooling mode, under parallel flow as in the known state of the art. The capacity of the plate heat exchanger is increased by ensuring it operates under cross-flow instead of direct flow. This is increasing and this situation is particularly relevant for air-to-water heat pump systems in cooling. This allows for an improvement in work efficiency in this mode compared to the known state of the art. It offers. 5 In one application of the invention, the steering group connects a primary inlet of a plate heat exchanger to a guide rail. a first two-way valve and a second two-way valve are placed between the second inlet and the pump. a third two-way valve placed between the plate heat exchanger outlet and the indoor unit and It includes a fourth two-way valve. In one example of this application, 10 air-to-water When the heat pump system is operating in heating mode, the first two-way valve and the third two-way valve... the first two-way valve is moved to a position that allows water to pass through, while the second two-way valve and the fourth two-way valve are also activated. The plate heat exchanger is activated in heating mode by moving the valve to a position that prevents water flow. Cross-flow is created on the heat exchanger. The same example application applies to cooling. In this mode, the second two-way valve and the fourth two-way valve allow water to pass through. When the valves are brought to this position, the first two-way valve and the third two-way valve allow water to pass through. Cross-flow on the plate heat exchanger in cooling mode by being brought to a non-transmitting position. This formation is ensured. The plate heat exchanger operates in both heating and cooling modes. a The use of the steering group provides the advantage of structural simplicity while eliminating the 20 problems experienced with the valves. In case of any malfunction, the valves can be easily repaired or replaced with new ones. By replacing parts, it allows for lower maintenance and repair costs. In one application of the invention, the guide assembly is located between the plate heat exchanger inlet and the pump. A first three-way valve is installed and a plate heat exchanger outlet is placed between the indoor unit and the 25 It includes a second three-way valve that is installed. In one example of this application, When the air-to-water heat pump system is operating in heating mode, the first three-way valve opens. The first and a third route are brought into a position that allows water passage, while a second the channel is brought to a position that does not allow water passage and the second three-way valve is one The first and a second lane are being brought into a position that allows water passage, while a third 30 plate heat exchanger in heating mode by positioning the path to prevent water passage. 4 Cross-flow formation is achieved on it. The same example application is used for cooling. In this mode, the first and second ways of the first three-way valve allow water to pass through. While being brought into position, the third lane is being brought into a position that does not allow water passage, The first and third ways of the second three-way valve are in a position that allows water to pass through. While being brought in, the second path is positioned to prevent water passage, and it is in cooling mode 5. Cross-flow formation is achieved on the plate heat exchanger. In this application, numerous Using only two three-way valves instead of two two-way valves provides both structural simplicity. further development and considering the low number of components It allows for cost reduction. 10 In one application of the invention, the guide assembly is placed between the plate heat exchanger and the pump. It includes a four-way valve that is installed. In one example of this application, from the air When the water heat pump system is operating in heating mode, the water coming out of the pump passes through the four-way valve. Passing through a first path, it is directed to the plate heat exchanger via a second path. The water exiting the plate heat exchanger passes through a fourth way of the four-way valve and then through a third 15 The heat is transmitted through this path to the indoor unit and thus, in heating mode, passes over the plate heat exchanger. Cross-flow formation is achieved. In the cooling mode of the same example application: The water coming from the pump passes through one of the first ways of the four-way valve and then through a fourth way. The water is directed from the plate heat exchanger to the four-way valve, and the water coming out of the plate heat exchanger passes through it. It passes through a second pathway and then through a third pathway to the indoor unit, thus 20 In cooling mode, cross-flow is achieved on the plate heat exchanger. This Instead of using multiple two-way valves or two three-way valves in the application, just The use of a single four-way valve both further improves structural simplicity and Given the low number of components, it is possible to reduce costs. It offers. 25 The invention connects the pump to the plate heat exchanger and the plate heat exchanger to the indoor unit by transferring water between them. the guiding group that performs the guidance on the plate heat exchanger both cross-flow will occur in both cooling and heating modes. Thanks to its positioning, the capacity of the plate heat exchanger is 30, especially in cooling mode. 5 an air-to-water heat pump that operates with higher efficiency by increasing its performance. The system is being implemented. An air-to-water heat pump system has been added to achieve the purpose of this invention. These are shown in the figures, and of these figures; 5 Figure 1 - Schematic of an application of the air-to-water heat pump system that is the subject of the invention. It is the appearance. Figure 2 - Heating of an application of the air-to-water heat pump system that is the subject of the invention. This is a partial schematic view in this mode. Figure 3 - The subject of the invention is the air-to-water heat pump system shown in Figure 2. This is a partial schematic view of the application in cooling mode. Figure 4 - Another application of the air-to-water heat pump system that is the subject of this invention. This is a partial schematic view in heating mode. Figure 5 - The air-to-water heat pump system, the subject of the invention, is shown in Figure 4. This is a partial schematic view of the application in cooling mode. 15 Figure 6 - Another application of the air-to-water heat pump system that is the subject of this invention. This is a partial schematic view in heating mode. Figure 7 - The air-to-water heat pump system, the subject of the invention, is shown in Figure 6. This is a partial schematic view of the application in cooling mode. 20 The parts shown in the figures are individually numbered, and each number corresponds to the following: It is given below. 1- Air-to-water heat pump system 2- Compressor 3- Refrigerant deflector 25 4- Plate heat exchanger 5- Electronic expansion valve 6- Finned tube heat exchanger 7- Liquid tank 8- Battery 30 9- Outdoor unit 6 10- Pump 11- Heater 12- Water tank 13- Fancoil 14- Water diverter 5 15- Indoor unit 16- Steering group 17- First two-way valve 18- Second two-way valve 19- Third two-way valve 10 20- Fourth two-way valve 21- First three-way valve 22- Second three-way valve 23- Four-way valve A. The first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, and the first path of the four-way valve are 15. B. The first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, and the second path of the four-way valve. C. The first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, and the third of the four-way valve. way D. The fourth way of a four-way valve 20 Cooling is based on heat transfer between water and the coolant. air-to-water heat pump system (1) which can operate in cooling mode and heating mode, cooler to a compressor (2) which increases the temperature of the fluid by compressing it, at the compressor (2) outlet a cooler positioned and directing the refrigerant coming out of the compressor (2) to the fluid guide (3), heat transfer between water and coolant is 25 to a plate heat exchanger (4) which enables it to happen, at the outlet of the plate heat exchanger (4) an electronic device that reduces the pressure and temperature of the coolant by being positioned to the expansion valve (5), located at the outlet of the electronic expansion valve (5) and outside to a finned tube heat exchanger (6) which condenses the refrigerant by means of ambient air, to a liquid tank (7) which stores the condensed refrigerant in liquid phase and 30 in liquid phase to a battery (8) that allows the coolant to pass through and enter the compressor (2) 7 an outdoor unit (9) has a pump (10) that pressurizes the water and provides its circulation, at least one heater that activates as needed and provides water heating (11), depending on the temperature of the water coming out of the heater (11) it is directed to a water tank (12) and arranged between a fan coil (13) and heater (11) and water tank (12) and fan coil (13) The water coming out of the heater (11) can be selectively directed to the water tank (12) or to the fan coil (13). an indoor unit (15) which has a water diverter (14) that enables it to be directed It includes. Air to water heat pump system (1) when operating in heating mode on the outdoor unit (9), refrigerant fluid coming out of the compressor (2) compressed at high temperature in gas phase to the plate heat exchanger (4) by means of a refrigerant diverter (3) such as a four-way valve Heat transfer occurs between the water which is transferred and cycled in the indoor unit (15) 10 This occurs when the heat energy of the coolant at high temperature and pressure is transferred to the water. By transferring the coolant, it condenses and changes phase, heating the water. Plate heat exchanger. The pressure and temperature of the coolant exiting the heat exchanger (4) in liquid phase is measured by an electronic The temperature and pressure are then reduced by means of the expansion valve (5). The coolant is dropped over the finned tube heat exchanger (6) preferably by a fan 15 Heat transfer is achieved by passing outside air through the coolant fluid. The refrigerant coming out of the finned tube heat exchanger (6) is completely evaporated. again, the refrigerant is passed through the battery (8) via the refrigerant guide (3) to the compressor (2) It is directed. Thus, in heating mode, the refrigerant cycle in the outdoor unit (9) It is completed. When operating in heating mode, 20 oz comes out of the plate heat exchanger (4) after being heated. Water is sent to the indoor unit (15) via the pump (10). Coming out of the plate heat exchanger (4) It can be passed through a heater (11) that is activated according to the water heating capacity requirement. Although the heater (11) is not operated continuously, it is usually in very low ambient temperature. It comes into play when high heating capacity is needed at certain temperatures. From the heater (11) The hot water coming out is directed through a water diverter (14) such as a three-way valve to the water tank (12) temperature 25 Depending on the information, the water is directed either to the water tank (12) or to the fan coil (13). While the hot water in the tank (12) is used as domestic water, the water directed to the fan coil (13) It is used for ambient heating. The water coming out of the fan coil (13) and the water tank (12) Water circulation in the indoor unit (15) by conveying it back to the plate heat exchanger (4) via pump (10). It is completed. Air to water heat pump system (1) operating in cooling mode 30 In the outdoor unit (9), the high-pressure hot refrigerant in the gas phase coming out of the compressor (2) 8 The fluid coolant diverter (3) has changed direction according to the heating mode For this reason, it is sent to a finned tube heat exchanger (6) instead of a plate heat exchanger (4). By passing outside air through the finned tube heat exchanger (6) preferably by means of a fan Heat transfer occurs between the refrigerant and the air. Following this, the refrigerant... The coolant in the liquid phase goes to the electronic 5 tank. The pressure is reduced by passing through the expansion valve (5) and then inside the plate heat exchanger (4) The water undergoing the cycle in unit (15) evaporates by transferring heat. The water, which transfers its heat to the coolant, cools down and the cooled water goes to the heater (11). However, the heater (11) is not working because the system (1) is in cooling mode. The water, the water Water diverter (14) system (1) 10 which directs water to the tank (12) or fan coil (13). Since it is in cooling mode, it directs the water directly to the fan coil (13) In this mode, cold water is used solely for cooling the environment. Since the water for use is generally required to be hot, the temperature value in the water tank (12) The system (1) can automatically switch itself to heating mode. Water temperature at a certain level When the value drops below (1), the system switches to heating mode and the water diverter (14) 15 The water is directed to the water tank (12) by the water pump (10). water cycle in the indoor unit (15) by sending it back to the plate heat exchanger (4). It is being completed. The subject of the invention is an air-to-water heat pump system (1), plate heat exchanger (4) and pump (10) 20 plate heat exchanger arranged between them and used in both heating and cooling modes. (4) so ​​that cross-flow occurs on the indoor unit (15) circuit structured to take different positions in order to direct the water being carried out It includes at least one steering group (16) (Figure 1). The subject of the invention is air-to-water heat. In the pump system (1), the direction group (16) in heating and cooling modes 25 Cross flow always occurs in the plate heat exchanger (4) of the water that is cycled. With its orientation, the plate heat exchanger (4) provides both heating and cooling. Increasing the capacity of the plate heat exchanger (4) by creating cross-flow in this mode and Therefore, improving the operational efficiency of the air-to-water heat pump system (1) In addition, the air-to-water heat pump system (1) provides 30 in cooling mode. 9 Cross flow is created in the plate heat exchanger (4) while working, and parallel flow is created under the same conditions. A lower water temperature can be obtained depending on the flow. In one application of the invention, the steering group (16), plate heat exchanger (4) and pump (10) A first two-way valve (17) and a second two-way valve (18) arranged between them, plate 5 A third two-way valve (19) is arranged between the heat exchanger (4) outlet and the indoor unit (15) and It includes a fourth two-way valve (20). In the said application, the first two-way valve valve (17) and second two-way valve (18) discharge pump (10) located in indoor unit (15) It is located in the part. The water coming out of the pump (10) is an air-to-water heat pump. Depending on whether the system (1) is in heating or cooling mode, the first two-way 10 using valve (17) and second two-way valve (18) to one inlet of the plate heat exchanger (4) or is directed to a second inlet. Between the plate heat exchanger (4) and the indoor unit (15) Water is directed by the third two-way valve (19) and the fourth two-way valve (20) This is achieved through this method. In one example of this application, heat is transferred from air to water. When the pump system (1) is operating in heating mode, the first two-way valve (17) and the third two 15 As the two-way valve (19) comes to the position that allows water to pass through, the second two-way valve (18) and the fourth two-way valve (20) in a position that does not allow water to pass through. by bringing cross flow formation on the plate heat exchanger (4) in heating mode. water flows through the first two-way valve (17) and the third two-way valve (19) is passed through (Figure 2). In the cooling mode of the same example application, the second two-way 20 valve (18) and the fourth two-way valve (20) in the position allowing water to pass through As they arrive, the first two-way valve (17) and the third two-way valve (19) allow water to pass through. by bringing it to a non-slip position, cross-over on the plate heat exchanger (4) in cooling mode. To ensure flow, the water is supplied via the second two-way valve (18) and the fourth two-way valve (20) It is passed through (Figure 3). In this application, the air-to-water heat pump system (1) 25 When switching to cooling mode, first the pump (10) stops working, then By bringing the relevant valves (17, 18, 19, 20) to the positions in cooling mode, pump (10) It is being restarted. In one application of the invention, the steering group (16), plate heat exchanger (4) and pump (10) 30 indoor unit with a first three-way valve (21) and plate heat exchanger (4) outlet arranged between them. 10 (15) includes a second three-way valve (22) arranged between them. In practice, the first three-way valve (21) discharges the pump (10) located in the indoor unit (15). It is located in the part. The water coming out of the pump (10) is an air-to-water heat pump. depending on whether the system (1) is in heating or cooling mode, the three-way valve (21) using one of the first inlets or one of the second inlets of the plate heat exchanger (4) 5 The water is directed between the plate heat exchanger (4) and the indoor unit (15). This is done via the second three-way valve (22). The first three-way valve of this application the first three-way valve (21) and the second three-way valve (22) are shown as A, B, C in the figures. In one example, an air-to-water heat pump system (1) has ways to heat in heating mode. While operating, the first three-way valve (21) allows water to pass through paths A and C. As they approach the position, route B becomes a position that does not allow water to pass, the second three-way. While the A and B pathways of the valve (22) come to the position that allows water to pass through the C pathway Plate heat exchanger (4) in heating mode by bringing it to a position that does not allow water to pass through. To ensure cross-flow formation on it, water is directed to the first three-way valve (21) A and C and The second three-way valve (22) is routed through paths A and B (Figure 4). The same 15 In the cooling mode of the example application, the A and B paths of the first three-way valve (21) While they move to a position that allows water to pass through, route C does not allow water to pass through. in position, the A and C ways of the second three-way valve (22) allow water to pass through While they are in position, route B is brought to a position that does not allow water to pass through, thus heating. In order to ensure cross-flow formation on the plate heat exchanger (4) in mode, the water is first three 20 through the A and B paths of the three-way valve (21) and the A and C paths of the second three-way valve (22). is passed through (Figure 5). In this application, the air-to-water heat pump system (1) cooling When it switches to this mode, first the pump (10) stops working, then the three-way The pump (10) is brought to the cooling mode position by bringing the relevant pathways of the valves (21, 22) to the cooling mode position. It is being restarted. 25 In one application of the invention, the steering group (16), plate heat exchanger (4) and pump (10) It includes a four-way valve (23) arranged between them. In the said application, four The way valve (23) is located in the discharge part of the pump (10) in the indoor unit (15). It is located. The water coming out of the pump (10) is in the air-to-water heat pump system (1) 30 Depending on whether it is in heating or cooling mode, plate valves are used using a four-way valve (23). 11 The heat is directed to one of the first inlets or one of the second inlets of the heat exchanger (4). Plate Water direction between the heat exchanger (4) and the indoor unit (15) is again via the same four-way valve (23) This application is carried out by means of the four-way valve (23) in figures A, In one example, which has pathways labeled B, C, and D, is an air-to-water heat pump. When the system (1) is operating in heating mode, the water coming out of the pump (10) goes to the four-way valve (23) A 5 Entering from road B, it is transmitted to the plate heat exchanger (4) via road B, and from the plate heat exchanger (4) The water coming out enters through the D path of the four-way valve (23) and goes through the C path to the indoor unit (15) is transmitted (Figure 6). Thus, in heating mode, cross flow on the plate heat exchanger (4). The formation is ensured. In the cooling mode of the same example application, from the pump (10) The water coming out enters through the A path of the four-way valve (23) and goes through the D path to the plate heat exchanger. (4) While being conveyed, the water coming out of the plate heat exchanger (4) enters through the B way of the four-way valve (23) and C It is transmitted to the indoor unit (15) via the way (Figure 7). Thus, in cooling mode, plate Cross flow is created on the heat exchanger (4). In this application, from air to water. When the heat pump system (1) switches to cooling mode, the pump (10) must first start. is stopped, then the relevant ways of the four-way valve (23) are in cooling mode 15 By bringing them to the positions, the pump (10) is restarted. The invention includes a pump (10) with a plate heat exchanger (4) and an indoor unit (15) with a plate heat exchanger (4) plate heat exchanger of the redirection group (16) which performs water redirection between them (4) Cross-flow will occur on it in both cooling and heating modes. thanks to its positioning in this way, the plate heat exchanger (4) especially in cooling mode an air-to-water system that operates with higher efficiency by increasing its capacity. heat pump system (1) is implemented.

Claims

12 REQUESTS 1. Depending on the heat transfer that takes place between the water and the coolant. It can operate in cooling and heating modes; by compressing the refrigerant. to a compressor (2) which increases its temperature, located at the outlet of the compressor (2) 5 and a refrigerant that directs the refrigerant coming out of the compressor (2) to the router (3), heat transfer between water and coolant to a plate heat exchanger (4) which enables it to happen, at the outlet of the plate heat exchanger (4) an electronic device that reduces the pressure and temperature of the coolant by being positioned to the expansion valve (5), located at the outlet of the electronic expansion valve (5) and 10 a finned tube that condenses the refrigerant using ambient air to a heat exchanger (6), to a liquid tank (7) which stores the condensed refrigerant in liquid phase and enter the compressor (2) by passing over the refrigerant in the liquid phase. An outdoor unit (9) which has a battery (8) that provides water by pressurizing its cycle a pump (10) that activates as needed and provides water 15 to at least one heater (11) that provides heating, to the temperature of the water coming out of the heater (11) depending on which it is directed to a water tank (12) and a fan coil (13) and a heater (11) by arranging the water coming out of the heater (11) between the water tank (12) and the fan coil (13) a water that allows selectively directing to the water tank (12) or to the fan coil (13) an indoor unit (15) with a router (14), plate heat exchanger (4) and 20 regulated between the pump (10) and both in heating and cooling mode. will enable cross-flow to occur on the plate heat exchanger (4) in this mode In order to direct the water which is cycled in the indoor unit (15) in different ways with at least one steering group (16) structured to take positions a characterized air-to-water heat pump system (1). 25 2. A first two-way valve arranged between the plate heat exchanger (4) and the pump (10). (17) and a second two-way valve (18), plate heat exchanger (4) outlet with indoor unit (15) a third two-way valve (19) and a fourth two-way valve arranged between them (20) is characterized by a routing group (16) as in Claim 1, 30 air to water heat pump system (1). 13 3. A first three-way valve arranged between the plate heat exchanger (4) and the pump (10). (21) and a second three arranged between the plate heat exchanger (4) outlet and the indoor unit (15). The claim is characterized by the steering group (16) containing a way valve (22). An air-to-water heat pump system like the one in 1 (1). 5 4. A four-way valve (23) arranged between the plate heat exchanger (4) and the pump (10) such as in Claim 1, characterized by the routing group (16) containing air to water heat pump system (1). 10

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