HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION VEHICLES

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen production and energy management system developed for public transport vehicles (trolleybus, bus etc.) which includes a fuel cell (4) that converts hydrogen into electricity and operates the vehicle's power system (7).

Description

1 Specifications HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION VEHICLES SYSTEM Technical Area The invention relates to public transportation vehicles. The invention is a hydrogen-based system specifically developed for public transport vehicles (trolleybuses, buses, etc.). It relates to the production and energy management system. 10 State of the Art Today, hybrid public transport vehicles (for example, battery-powered hybrid trolleybuses):  Battery charge dependency: A portion of the energy drawn from the power grid is used to charge the battery. It is reserved for this purpose. However, the limited capacity of the batteries and the need for regular charging make them operational. It creates restrictions.  Dependence on hydrogen refueling infrastructure: Hydrogen-powered vehicles require external refueling. It is dependent on its stations, and this lack of infrastructure makes operations difficult.  Lack of waste management: The water produced in fuel cells is often discharged. This results in 20 It prevents water recovery and hinders the system from operating more efficiently.  Energy inefficiency: Existing systems cause losses in energy conversion processes. Yes, that's possible. Energy losses occur, especially in batteries, during charging and discharging. In the current technology, model number CZ24349, “Mixture of ionized hydrogen and oxygen gas 25 connecting the generator to the drive unit of a public transport vehicle such as a bus The invention entitled "System for" involves the use of fuel and a mixture of ionized hydrogen and oxygen, which are then ionized. public transport vehicles (a bus) without the need to store the gas mixture It relates to a device for controlled dosing of fuel into the combustion chamber of an engine. Again, in the document numbered WO2024103454, “a pure electric city bus with hydrogen fuel cells” The invention, titled "System for Detecting Trapped Persons," is particularly relevant for automotive safety. It is related to the field and the person trapped in a pure electric city bus with a hydrogen fuel cell. It relates to a system for identifying individuals. This system consists of the following: 2 a carbon dioxide concentration measurement used on the bus and for entry Carbon dioxide detection module. Digital signal of carbon dioxide concentration. Transfer of the carbon dioxide detection module to a single-chip microcomputer in this form. Taking the current carbon dioxide concentration collected by, is a starting point. To determine based on the concentration range and, if carbon dioxide is present, to assign a 5. a specification instruction for a multimedia playback module and a remote monitoring module A single-chip microcomputer used for sending. The beginning of concentration. exceeding the concentration range; the single-chip microcomputer's determination instruction the multimedia playback module initiated by its acquisition; and the single-chip microcomputer It receives its current data via a CAN bus and uses the existing data for corporate monitoring 10 Remote monitoring module that transmits to the platform. Purpose of the Invention To eliminate the disadvantages inherent in the prior art, the invention must be 15% One purpose is to continuously electrolyze water using energy taken from the city's power lines. It produces hydrogen. Another aim of the invention is to eliminate dependence on external filling infrastructure. Another aim of the invention is to reduce water consumption through a water recycling cycle. It is a reduction. Another aim of the invention is to reduce weight by minimizing battery usage and more It provides a long range. 25 Another aim of the invention is to make urban public transport operations more environmentally friendly and The goal is to ensure its sustainability. Another aim of the invention is to completely eliminate dependence on external hydrogen refueling infrastructure. It is the act of getting up. Another purpose of the invention is to analyze the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen in a fuel cell. The water produced is collected in a special water reservoir. 3 Another purpose of the invention is that the collected water is used again for electrolysis, thus preventing water loss. The goal is to minimize pollution and ensure the system's environmental sustainability. Another aim of the invention is to utilize a large portion of the energy obtained from the power line through electrolysis. While some parts are used for this purpose, the rest is reserved for operating the vehicle's power system. Another aim of the invention is to use hydrogen in fuel cells outside of the production line. It provides and offers optimum energy conversion. Another aim of the invention is to reduce the use of fossil fuels altogether, thereby reducing the need for mass production. The goal is to reduce carbon emissions in transportation to zero. Another purpose of the invention is that the oxygen produced during hydrogen production is also released into the atmosphere. It is environmentally friendly. 15 Explanation of the Figures Figure 1 shows a flowchart view of the system that is the subject of the invention. Explanation of Reference Numbers Reference Number Reference Name 1. Electrical Line Connection (Pantograph) 2 Electrolysis Units 3 Hydrogen Storage Tanks 4 Fuel Cells Water Collection Reservoir 6 Energy Management Units 7 Vehicle power systems Detailed Description of the Invention 25 4 The invention is an improved hydrogen production system for public transport vehicles (trolleybuses, buses, etc.). and energy management system. The vehicle uses energy it receives from the city's electrical grid. While in motion, it separates water into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen produced powers the vehicle's electricity. When disconnected from the line (1), it is used to generate energy with a fuel cell (4). This system, environmentally friendly, continuously producing hydrogen to reduce carbon footprint in public transportation vehicles. It aims to reduce emissions and achieve energy independence. Figure 1 shows a flowchart view of the system that is the subject of the invention. According to the invention, the system in question receives energy from the power line and the power line that feeds the system connection (pantograph) (1), electrolysis unit (2) that separates water into hydrogen and oxygen, 10 Hydrogen storage tank (3) which safely stores hydrogen under high pressure. The fuel cell (4) powers the vehicle's power system by converting hydrogen into electricity, fuel water collection tank (5) that collects the water coming out of its cell (4) and puts it into recycling and includes an energy management unit (6) that optimizes all energy sources. The system described in the invention aims to increase energy efficiency and environmental protection in public transport vehicles. It was developed to reduce the effects. Its working principle is to draw energy from the power line. by focusing on hydrogen production, storage, consumption, and the water recycling cycle. It is installed. During operation, each element of the system functions as follows: He sees: 20 The electrical line connection shown in Figure 1 (1) connects to the city electrical line and the system It provides the necessary energy for the vehicle. The electrical energy is supplied by the energy management unit (6) to the vehicle. It is directed to the power system (7) and the electrolysis unit (2). The electrolysis unit (2) uses the energy taken from the power line (1) to turn water 25 It separates into hydrogen and oxygen. The chemical reaction that takes place here is 2H2O→2H2+O2 The hydrogen produced is sent to the hydrogen storage tank (3). Oxygen It is released into the atmosphere. The hydrogen storage tank (3) contains hydrogen produced in the electrolysis unit (2), 30 They are safely stored in high-pressure tanks (3). Tank (3) is used during the vehicle's movement. the storage of hydrogen produced during transit and when it leaves the line It enables its use. The fuel cell in question (4) uses hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank (3) as fuel. is transmitted to the fuel cell (4). The fuel cell (4) transmits hydrogen and oxygen through a chemical reaction. It generates electricity. The chemical reaction is: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O + Electricity + Heat. This process only produces electricity and water; there are no carbon dioxide emissions. The water collection tank (5) collects the water produced in the fuel cell (4) into a special collection tank. It is directed to the reservoir (5). Water vapor and liquid water are filtered through the filtering process. It is made reusable. The energy management system in question (6) acts as the brain of the system and energy 10 It ensures the efficient distribution of resources. Energy received from the power line (1) It is divided into the vehicle's power system (7) and the electrolysis unit (2). Outside the line (1) When exiting, hydrogen is converted into energy in the fuel cell (4) and added to the vehicle's power system. (7) is transmitted. The operating method of the system described in the invention includes the following steps: Connecting to the power line (1): when energy is received from the power line (1) energy management The distribution of energy to the electrolysis unit (2) and the vehicle's power system (7) via the system (6), Hydrogen production: the electrolysis unit (2) produces hydrogen by splitting water and sending to storage tank (3), releasing oxygen into the atmosphere, 20 Working outside the line (1): hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank (3), fuel transfer to the fuel cell (4) converts this hydrogen into electrical energy. by converting it to power the vehicle's power system (7), Water recycling: water produced in the fuel cell (4) is transferred to the water collection tank (5) sending the water, filtering it from here and sending it back to the electrolysis unit (2), 25 energy optimization: automatic system when reconnected to the power line (1) transitioning to hydrogen production and energy optimization. The system described in this invention, with each of its components, contributes to the sustainability, efficiency, and This supports its superior characteristics in terms of environmental impact. 30

Claims

6 REQUESTS 1. The invention is designed for public transport vehicles (trolleybuses, buses, etc.); it utilizes hydrogen. It contains a fuel cell (4) that powers the vehicle's power system (7) by converting it into electricity. It is a hydrogen production and energy management system, 5 It receives energy from the power line and the power line connection that feeds the system. (pantograph) (1), electrolysis unit that separates water into hydrogen and oxygen (2), Hydrogen storage, which safely stores hydrogen under high pressure. tank (3), 10 water that comes out of the fuel cell (4) and is recycled collection depot (5), energy management unit that optimizes all energy sources (6), with connection to the power line (1), hydrogen production, working off the line (1), water 15 recycling, energy optimization This involves carrying out the process steps.

2. It is a system that complies with Claim 1, the feature of which is the process of connecting to the power line (1); When energy is received from the power line (1), the energy management system (6) uses 20 energy This includes distribution to the electrolysis unit (2) and the vehicle's power system (7).

3. A system that conforms to Claim 1, characterized by the hydrogen production process being electrolysis. unit (2) produces hydrogen by splitting water and puts it into storage tank (3) The effect of this is that it involves releasing oxygen into the atmosphere.

4. It is a system that complies with Claim 1, the feature of which is that the operation is outside the line (1); 25 Transfer of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank (3) to the fuel cell (4), The fuel cell (4) converts this hydrogen into electrical energy to power the vehicle This includes providing power to the system (7).

5. A system that complies with Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the water recycling process is converted into fuel. The water produced in the cell (4) is sent to the water collection tank (5), the water 30 This involves filtering it and sending it back to the electrolysis unit (2).

6. A system that complies with Claim 1, and whose characteristic is that the energy optimization process is carried out using electricity. When reconnected to the line (1), the system automatically starts hydrogen production. and includes transitioning to energy optimization.

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