GLASS-CERAMIC COATING WITH INCREASED MECHANICAL AND THERMAL RESISTANCE.

Abstract

The subject of the invention relates to the use of nano-sized titanium dioxide (nano-TiO₂) to contribute to achieving the desired level of physical and chemical properties in glass-ceramic coatings. The invention focuses on achieving controlled crystallization in the production of glass-ceramic coatings by grinding the resulting frit using nano-TiO₂, and by preventing the propagation of microcracks within the glass-ceramic matrix as a result of nano-TiO₂ supporting crystal nucleation and regulating the growth rate. This results in glass-ceramic coatings becoming more durable, long-lasting, and usable over a wide temperature range.

Description

GLASS-CERAMIC COATING WITH INCREASED MECHANICAL AND THERMAL RESISTANCE. Technical Area The invention enables the desired level of both physical and chemical properties of glass ceramic coatings. It is related to the use of nano-sized titanium dioxide (nano-TiO₂) to contribute to its production. Using Nano-TiO₂ allows for the achievement of the desired color as well as improved coating durability and wear resistance. This relates to improving resistance, chemical stability, that is, mechanical and thermal resistance. State of the Art Glass ceramic coatings are defined as polycrystalline materials and consist of one or more crystalline phases. They include nucleating agents such as ZrO₂ and TiO₂, glass network formers such as Al₂O₃, SiO₂, and B₂O, and Na₂O. 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 They contain fluxes such as BO. Glass-ceramic coatings have superior mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. 2 3 These coatings are materials widely used in various industries due to the surfaces they cover. By providing both a protective and functional layer for surfaces, it offers high resistance to corrosion and wear. They offer resistance. Glass-ceramic coatings provide fire protection because they are resistant to high temperatures. It is used in architectural applications requiring fire doors, wall panels, and chimneys. For example, fire doors, wall panels, and chimneys. These materials are preferred in coatings. Glass ceramic coatings are resistant to impact, chemicals and thermals. Due to its shock resistance, it has a wide range of uses in industry, such as in household appliances and building panels. It has. Document number US2015175807A1, seen in the known state of the art, refers to "Nanosilica Coating". The current description is "Assembly With Enhanced Durability". silica nanoparticle coating assemblies and carrying silica nanoparticle coating assemblies on them It relates to materials. This invention involves acid-sintered nanosilica particles coated onto a substrate. It is a method of increasing the wear resistance of a coating containing a primer. Creating a primed surface. then the primer coating compound in question is dried and optionally cured. The primed surface is aqueous silica nanoparticles with an average particle diameter smaller than 150 nanometers. It is coated with a silica nanoparticle coating composition containing a dispersion of acid-sintered silica. It is dried to provide a coating containing nanoparticles. The article in the current section is titled "Environmentally Friendly Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Ceramics with Nanotechnology". "Production of Materials" (Mevlüt Gürbüz, Arman Solaş, Ali Küçük, Aydın Göktaş, Aydın Doğan) This study describes a self-cleaning (photocatalytic) functional 2 for the ceramics industry. The production and development of ceramic products has been researched. Anatase was chosen as the material for this application. Nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO₂) powder was used in the structure, and its surface was enhanced with additions in different ratios. 2 It has been modified. The modified nanoscale titanium dioxide powder was sprayed in different ways. The ceramic substrates were deposited using photocatalytic and antimicrobial methods. Their functionality has been determined through experiments. The article seen in the previous section on the technique is titled "Ca-doped TiO2 Thin Coatings Prepared by Spin Coating Method". "Optical and Morphological Properties of Films" (Uğur Çalıgülü, Ayhan Orhan, Zafer Barlas, Nida Darcan) This study investigated the addition of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10% Ca to TiO2 nanomaterial and the samples were treated with a solution. The gel was produced using a spin-coating method. The transmittance of the produced films was determined using UV-VIS spectroscopy. Absorption spectra were obtained, and optical properties were investigated by calculating the optical band gap. Structural analysis of nanostructured semiconductor TiO2 thin films prepared by sol-gel spin coating technique Morphological and optical properties were determined using optical characterization methods. This work was carried out... The investigations revealed that the nanostructure of TiO2-based thin films changes depending on the Ca doping ratio. It has been determined. The document numbered WO2008060699A2 seen in the current technology is "High Temperature Ceramic Coatings". "Incorporating Nanoparticles" refers to the heat resistance of ceramic coatings and their integration into a substrate. Nanoparticles have been used to improve bonding. Nanoparticle ceramic coatings are applied to metals. It has been stated that it contains nanoparticles. Metal nanoparticles, when exposed to excessive heat, absorb heat. It absorbs heat and it migrates to the surface of the ceramic coating. Thus, it transfers heat from the ceramic coating. It fulfills the purpose of removal. The coatings in this invention are particularly resistant to heat and Its resistance to extreme temperatures such as 4000 °F has been calculated. Nanoparticle ceramic coatings, in particular... to coat ceramic tiles used to protect spacecraft during re-entry into Earth's atmosphere A ceramic coating consisting of ceramic nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, a binder, and a solvent was used. It was obtained by combining the elements to form the matrix. Given the current state of the art, there are different shapes, structures, and particle sizes. Nanoparticles were used and applied as a liquid onto a specific layer to serve different purposes. added. In the current state of the art, many different frits are used in the glass-ceramic coating industry. The formulation is used. Frits are the glass in which glass-ceramics exist before crystallization. Frit compositions are materials that have a phase-like structure. Frit compositions are formed by combining oxides in different ratios. It can be created, but both the physical and chemical properties of the final coating must be as desired. Various studies have been conducted to achieve this level of capability, but an invention that directly serves these purposes has not yet been found. It has not been encountered. 3 Purpose of the Invention The aim of this invention is to improve the thermal resistance and overall performance of glass-ceramic coatings. The aim is to enable the use of nano-TiO₂ as an innovative additive material. The aim of the invention is to utilize the high-temperature resistance of nano-TiO₂, its capacity to optimize heat conduction, and Its chemical stability significantly improves the thermal shock resistance of coatings. The aim of the invention is to equalize heat-induced stresses by ensuring a homogeneous distribution within the coating. and contributes to the prevention of crack formation, thus ensuring the longevity of glass-ceramic coatings. and it is durable. The aim of the invention is to develop a fine and homogeneous structure of nano-TiO₂ that promotes controlled crystallization behavior. The invention aims to increase the mechanical strength of the coating by supporting the formation of microstructures. The aim is to enable the material to operate at high temperatures thanks to the stable phase transformations of nano-TiO₂ at high temperatures. The goal is to improve performance. The aim of the invention is to create nucleation centers for Nano-TiO₂ with a size smaller than 100 nm. The goal is to increase chemical and heat resistance by ensuring the homogeneity of the crystal structure. The aim of the invention is to increase the thermal resistance of glass-ceramic coatings. The aim of this invention is to utilize nano-TiO₂ in the production of glass-ceramic coatings, where controlled crystallization is a critical factor. Its role is to support crystal nucleation and regulate the growth rate. The aim of the invention is to use Nano-TiO₂ as a material that prevents the propagation of microcracks in glass-ceramic matrices. Its use as a barrier. The aim of the invention is to enhance the thermal resistance of glass through the use of nano-TiO₂. ceramic coatings are more durable, longer-lasting and can be used over a wider temperature range. is to ensure. Detailed Description of the Invention Nano-TiO₂ is a highly heat-stable material. It has a high melting point (~1855°C) and is chemically stable. Thanks to its durability, it does not deteriorate at high temperatures and preserves the integrity of the glass-ceramic matrix. This Thanks to this property, the thermal resistance of glass-ceramic coatings is increased. Glass-ceramic coatings In its production, grinding the resulting frit using nano-TiO2 plays a critical role in controlled crystallization. It plays a role. During the mixing / grinding process, nano-TiO₂ is uniformly incorporated into the structure of the coating material. dispersion is ensured. Nano-TiO₂ promotes crystal nucleation and regulates the growth rate. Nano-TiO₂, It acts as a barrier to prevent the propagation of microcracks within the glass-ceramic matrix. Crack propagation is caused by thermal stresses, but nano-TiO₂ doping slows down this process or It completely stops it. The thermal resistance enhancing effect of Nano-TiO₂ makes glass-ceramic coatings even more durable. This makes it durable, long-lasting, and usable over a wide temperature range. The related benefits include: To achieve this, the frit is first combined in specific oxidative compositions. Table 1. Frit Oxidic Composition Components. Materials Used Available Quantity by Weight (%) Na O 5-10 2 KO 1-5 2 Li O 0.1-1 2 CaO 0.1-1 MgO 0.01-0.5 Fe₂O₃ 0.01-0.5 2 3 BO 15.5-18 2 3 SiO 37-60 2 Al O 1-2.5 2 3 PO 1.5-2.5 2 5 CoO 0.02-0.5 TiO 15-19 2 F 1-2.5 The composition and usable quantity ratios of the additive used are given below. Table 2. Additive Composition Content. Materials Used Available Quantity by Weight (%) Nano TiO 1-3 2 Below are the ratios in which the frit composition and additives are combined in usable quantities. It has been given. Table 3. Frit and Additive Mixing Ratios During Grinding. Materials Used Available Quantity by Weight (%) Nano TiO 1-3 2 Frit 2-97 5 The creation of the relevant composition, its combination with the additive material, and the steel material coating processes; - The process of weighing and mixing the necessary raw materials for frit formation in the required proportions. forming a blend, - Melting the mash at temperatures between 1200-1400 degrees Celsius. - By rapidly cooling the molten material by pouring it into water or passing it through a cylinder cooling steel. obtaining frit, - Grinding of frits with Nano-TiO2, - The prepared water is mixed with the ground and powdered material and then sprayed with water. application for coating the steel surface, - It should be cooked at temperatures between 800-840 degrees. Enamel production begins with the preparation of raw materials. Glass-forming oxides and additives. The ingredients are mixed, melted at high temperatures, and rapidly cooled to form frit. Frit composition This is shown in Table 1. Frit with this composition and nano-TiO2 additive are ground. Additive grinding time 2 Depending on the quantity, the duration varies, but 100 grams of mixture is ground with 45 ml of water for 5-10 minutes. Spray. The coating is applied to the steel surface. The surface is baked at temperatures between 800-840 degrees Celsius. Nano-TiO₂ distributes heat evenly within the matrix, relieving thermal stresses. This minimizes the need for thermal shock reduction. This increases the coating's resistance to thermal shock and prevents crack formation. Furthermore, nano-TiO₂ supports controlled crystallization behavior, resulting in a finer and more homogeneous microstructure. This leads to structural formation, which strengthens the mechanical resistance of the coating. Homogeneous distribution is achieved through the grinding process. The grinding process takes place in a mill where alumina is ground. This is achieved by the movement of balls inside the mill and the formation of a Nano TiO2-enamel mixture in an aqueous environment. It homogenizes the material. Grinding nano TiO₂ together with enamel frit improves coating performance. Nano-TiO₂ exhibits stable phase transformations at high temperatures (e.g., transition from anataceous phase to rutile phase), It increases the high-temperature resistance of the coating. In addition, with a nano-TiO₂ glass-ceramic matrix. Thanks to its chemical compatibility, it prevents material degradation at high temperatures. The coating has the following properties: These technical specifications provide resistance to extreme temperature fluctuations, while ensuring long lifespan and durability. presents. For use on product surfaces in energy, aviation and industrial application fields. It is a glass-ceramic coating composition containing a defined oxidized mixture of frit, and its characteristic feature is heat conduction. by increasing the heat distribution on the surface of the aforementioned materials and within the matrix By directing crystallization, the microstructural integrity of the material is preserved, thereby offering mechanical and thermal protection. It contains nano-TiO2, which helps to increase its resistance, and contains 1-3% nano-TiO2 by weight. This occurs. During the mixing / grinding process, a uniform (homogeneous) structure is formed in the coating material. 6 By ensuring dispersion, it supports controlled crystallization behavior on the coated surface, and thus By ensuring the formation of a homogeneous microstructure, the mechanical strength of the coating is enhanced. The component providing this is nano-TiO2. The frit mixture contains 2-97% by weight of Na2O, K2O, Li2O, CaO, MgO, It contains Fe2O3, B2O3, SiO2, Al2O3, P2O5, CoO, TiO2, F, and these contain 5-10% Na2O, 1-5% K2O, and 0.1-1% by weight. Li2O, 0.1-1% CaO, 0.01-0.5% MgO, 0.01-0.5% Fe2O3, 15.5-18% B2O3, 37-60% SiO2, 1-2.5% Al2O3, The composition is approximately 1.5-2.5% P2O5, 0.02-0.5% CoO, 15-19% TiO2, and 1-2.5% F. For use on product surfaces in energy, aviation and industrial application fields. A method for obtaining glass-ceramic coatings containing a defined oxidized mixture of frit and nano-TiO2; a. Creating a blend by weighing and then mixing the raw materials, b. Melting the resulting mixture, c. The mixture, which is melted and turned into a liquid, is poured into water and / or cylinder cooling. by passing it through steel and rapidly cooling it, d. Grinding the resulting frit with nano-TiO2, e. Mixing the prepared water with the ground and powdered material; this is the process. It includes the steps. The frit mixture mentioned in step “a” contains 5-10% Na2O, 1-5% K2O, 0.1-1% Li2O, and 0.1-1% CaO by weight. 0.01-0.5% MgO, 0.01-0.5% Fe2O3, 15.5-18% B2O3, 37-60% SiO2, 1-2.5% Al2O3, 1.5-2.5% P2O5, 0.02%- It contains 0.5 CoO, 15-19% TiO2, and 1-2.5% F. Step “b” involves melting at 1200-1400°C. This is step "d", and the grinding time of the additive varies depending on the amount, but per 100 grams The process step involves grinding the mixture with 45 ml of water for 5-10 minutes. Additionally, in step “d”, 1-3% by weight is added. The ratio is nano-TiO2 and frit at 2-97% by weight. However, in step "d" even distribution of the coating material in the structure during the mixing / grinding process by providing controlled crystallization behavior on the coated surface, thus ensuring a homogeneous Nano-TiO2 enhances the mechanical strength of the coating by enabling microstructure formation. This involves the movement of alumina balls inside the mill and the formation of nano TiO₂ in an aqueous environment in step "d". The material obtained in step "e" is ground together with the enamel frit. application to the steel surface by spraying and baking the coated steel material at 800-840 °C. It includes the processes. In functional interactions, nano-TiO₂ is active in optimizing both thermal and mechanical properties. It plays a role. By increasing heat conduction, it ensures homogeneous heat distribution on the material surface and within the matrix. It preserves the microstructural integrity of the material by directing crystallization. The subject of the invention is the innovative use of nano-TiO₂ as an additive in glass-ceramic coatings. The aim is to improve the thermal and mechanical performance of the coating by using this structure, glass- It is based on the compatible interaction of a ceramic matrix and nano-TiO₂. Result As of 35, this technical structure is suitable for high-performance applications such as energy, aviation, and industrial applications. Durable, thermally stable and economical glass-ceramic suitable for use in required areas. It offers coatings.

Claims

1. For use on product surfaces in energy, aviation and industrial application fields. It is a glass-ceramic coating composition containing a defined oxidized mixture of frit, and its characteristic feature is heat conduction. by increasing the heat distribution on the surface of the aforementioned materials and within the matrix By directing crystallization, the microstructural integrity of the material is preserved, thereby offering mechanical and thermal protection. It contains nano-TiO2, which helps to increase its resistance.

2. A glass-ceramic coating composition conforming to Claim 1, with the characteristic of containing 1-3% nano- by weight. It contains TiO. 2 3. Claim – A glass-ceramic coating composition conforming to Claim 1 or Claim 2, with the characteristic of being a mixture / ground material. During the process, the coating material is distributed evenly (homogeneously) throughout the structure of the coated material. supporting controlled crystallization behavior on the surface, thus leading to the formation of a homogeneous microstructure. This is due to the presence of nano-TiO, which enhances the mechanical strength of the coating. 2 4. A glass-ceramic coating composition conforming to Claim 1, with the characteristic of containing 2-97% frit by weight. The mixture contains Na₂O, K₂O, Li₂O, CaO, MgO, Fe₂O₃, B₂O₃, SiO₂, Al₂O₃, PO₄, CoO, TiO₂, and F. 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 5 2 5. A glass-ceramic coating composition conforming to Claim 1 or Claim 4, whose characteristic is; the aforementioned frit The mixture contains 5-10% Na₂O, 1-5% KO, 0.1-1% Li₂O, 0.1-1% CaO, 0.01-0.5% MgO, and 0.01-0.5% Fe₂O by weight. 2 2 2 2 3 15.5-18% BO, 37-60% SiO, 1-2.5% AlO, 1.5-2.5% PO, 0.02-0.5% CoO, 15-19% TiO, 1-2.5% F 2 3 2 2 3 2 5 2 It includes.

6. For use on product surfaces in energy, aviation and industrial application fields. It is a method of obtaining glass-ceramic coatings containing a defined oxidized mixture of frit and nano-TiO, 2 feature; a. Creating a blend by weighing and then mixing the raw materials, b. Melting the resulting mixture, c. The mixture, which is melted and turned into a molten state, is poured into water and / or from cylinder cooling steel. rapid cooling by passing it through, d. Grinding the resulting frit with nano-TiO2, 2 e. Mixing the prepared water with the ground and powdered material. It includes the steps of the process. 9 7. Claim – A method for obtaining glass-ceramic coatings in accordance with claim 6, and its characteristic is as described in step “a”. The frit mixture contains 5-10% Na₂O, 1-5% KO, 0.1-1% Li₂O, 0.1-1% CaO, 0.01-0.5% MgO, and 0.01-0.5% by weight. 2 2 2 FeO, 15.5-18% BO, 37-60% SiO, 1-2.5% AlO, 1.5-2.5% PO, 0.02-0.5% CoO, 15-19% TiO, 1-2.5% 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 5 2 It contains F.

8. Claim – A method for obtaining glass-ceramic coatings in accordance with 6, characterized by: 1200- in step “b”. he The process involves melting the material at temperatures between 1400°C.

9. Claim – A method for obtaining glass-ceramic coatings in accordance with claim 6, characterized by the addition of additives in step “d”. The grinding time varies depending on the quantity, but 100 grams of mixture with 45 ml of water should be ground for 5-10 minutes. It includes the grinding process step.

10. Claim – A method for obtaining glass-ceramic coatings in accordance with 6, characterized by; in step “d”, by weight It should contain 1-3% nano-TiO and 2-97% frit by weight. 2 11. A method for obtaining glass-ceramic coatings, conforming to Claim 6 or Claim 10, with the characteristic "d". the mixing / grinding process in step one ensures an even distribution in the structure of the coating material. By ensuring dispersion, it supports controlled crystallization behavior on the coated surface, and thus By ensuring the formation of a homogeneous microstructure, the mechanical strength of the coating is enhanced. This is due to the presence of nano-TiO2.

12. A method for obtaining glass-ceramic coatings in accordance with Claim 6 or Claim 11, with the characteristic "d". In this step, the movement of alumina balls inside the mill and the enamel frit of nano TiO₂ in an aqueous environment This involves the process step of grinding them together.

13. Claim – A method for obtaining glass-ceramic coatings in accordance with 6, characterized by being obtained in step “e”. The process involves applying the prepared material to the steel surface using a water-based spray.

14. Claim - A method for obtaining glass-ceramic coating in accordance with 11, the characteristic of which is; the coated steel he The process involves baking the material at temperatures between 800-840°C.