Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for CBRN Detection and Diagnosis

Abstract

It is an unmanned aerial vehicle that can detect and diagnose Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) threats, can work integrated with CBRN sensors, has autonomous or semi-autonomous movement capability, and can be remotely controlled by ground control stations. Its features include: a sealed armored body (1) made of composite materials resistant to CBRN elements, with all connections and joints insulated by gasket systems providing high sealing properties, protecting the internal equipment from the adverse effects of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear agents; a chemical gas detector (2) that shows high sensitivity to chemical gas molecules and provides warnings by detecting and diagnosing harmful or dangerous chemical gases in the environment; a biological particle analyzer (3) that detects and diagnoses biological agents in the environment by taking air samples and provides warnings; and ionizing radiation (alpha, beta, gamma,It includes radiation detectors (4) that enable the identification of radiological threats by detecting neutrons and X-rays, nuclear isotope identifiers (5) that enable the instantaneous detection and identification of specific radioisotopes that make up the radiation by analyzing the energy spectrum of the radiation, environmental sensors (6) that enable the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform three-dimensional mapping, obstacle detection and autonomous operations with lidar, camera and radar, a landing gear (7) that enables the unmanned aerial vehicle to get as close as possible to CBRN agents while performing measurements, a chemical gas detector (2), a biological particle analyzer (3), radiation detectors (4), nuclear isotope identifiers (5) and a processor (8) that processes and evaluates the data received from environmental sensors (6) and enables the necessary warnings to be given and the necessary actions to be taken.

Description

1 TARIFF Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for CBRN Detection and Diagnosis Technical Area 5 The invention describes the detection and identification of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) threats. enabling autonomous or semi-autonomous movement, integrated with CBRN sensors. with the capability of being remotely controlled by ground control stations It is related. 10 State of the Art Today, various fixed or mobile systems are used for the detection of CBRN threats. These systems primarily include fixed CBRN detector stations and handheld 15-inch detectors. Detector devices are included. Additionally, CBRN sensors are fitted to some unmanned aerial vehicle systems. Field tests were conducted by integrating these systems. However, the applications of these systems are generally limited. remaining at the prototype level or limited to specific types of threats (chemical only) He is working. The main shortcomings of current practices are as follows: Sensor Integration Deficiency Many existing systems can only detect a single type of CBRN threat (e.g., only chemical substances) It is able to detect all chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats in an integrated manner. This situation prevents a comprehensive threat assessment in the field. It prevents. Weakness in Autonomous Movement and Decision-Making Ability Existing systems are generally remotely controlled and have a limited degree of autonomy. 30 The ability to make independent decisions and plan routes based on environmental conditions. It is limited. This prolongs the intervention time and increases dependence on the operator. Low Performance on Difficult Terrain and Obstacles Unmanned ground vehicles and robots can navigate through rubble, stairs, narrow spaces, wet ground, swamps, and 35 It cannot move efficiently in challenging areas such as muddy environments. Also, on the water... 2 (lake, sea, ocean, river, etc.) in cases where incidents may occur, land vehicles It is not usable. In such conditions, unmanned aerial vehicles have an advantage in this field. This has been observed in their studies. Lack of Real-Time Data Analysis 5 Current systems only record the detected data and do not analyze it immediately. This the situation caused the operator in the field to react late or to misinterpret the situation This can be the reason. As a result of technical investigations, application number 2018 / 16484 was found to be 10 Summary: "The invention is a device that can move in the air, on the ground and / or in near-ground air, with a body..." via positioned hardware, the attack begins at the stationary or moving point. Stationary and mobile unmanned vehicles developed for the purpose of neutralizing people or devices. It relates to unmanned aerial vehicle systems that can work integrated with security systems. Subsystems or unmanned aerial vehicles positioned above or below ground level are sub-15 After detection procedures are carried out by the scanning method of the systems, by the main security center a guided unmanned, airborne vehicle or a cluster of vehicles The system uses directed energy, where energy levels can be adjusted for the intended purpose. Vehicles intended for attack (ballistic weapons, rockets), hazardous materials (biological, chemical, nuclear) or containing material that could cause high thermal and mechanical shocks 20 neutralizing a person or device, or minimizing their dangerous / harmful effects (to destroy or disable the functionality of persons or equipment that would otherwise perform a hazardous task) He fulfills his duty." As can be seen, the system relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle developed for security purposes and 25 in addition, a structure that can provide solutions to the disadvantages mentioned above. It does not mention it. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions, the subject matter... Due to its shortcomings, it has become necessary to make improvements in the relevant technical field. 30 Purpose of the Invention The invention represents a new breakthrough in this field, unlike the structures used in existing technology. It aims to create a structure with different technical specifications that bring about different results. 35 3 The primary purpose of the invention is to detect Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) threats. and can work integrated with CBRN sensors that provide diagnosis, autonomous or semi-autonomous. mobile, unmanned aerial vehicles that can also be controlled remotely via ground control stations The goal is to produce an aircraft. 5 One purpose of the invention is to have applications in military fields, disaster and emergency management scenarios, and the public sector. in security applications, border security duties and the protection of critical infrastructure The goal is to develop an unmanned aerial vehicle for use. Another purpose of the invention is to utilize nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, and chemical production facilities. high-risk areas such as organized industrial zones, airports, ports, and crowded public spaces. Remote detection, assessment, and response planning of CBRN threats in the regions The goal is to develop a contributing unmanned aerial vehicle. Another purpose of the invention is to allow personnel to analyze the environment before entering hazardous areas. by enabling them to both increase security and respond to incidents quickly and effectively. It is about providing the possibility of intervention. In order to eliminate the problems of insufficient current sensor integration, 20 The unmanned aerial vehicle that is the subject of the invention is capable of detecting and identifying all different CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear) elements. chemical gas detectors, biological particle analyzers, radiation detectors that can perform this function Sensors and nuclear isotope identifiers are integrated simultaneously. To eliminate the existing problems of weak autonomous movement and decision-making capabilities 25 For this purpose, the unmanned aerial vehicle platform that is the subject of the invention includes lidar, camera and radar, etc. It is equipped with environmental sensors. These sensors enable environmental mapping and positioning. This is being carried out. Identified threats and physical obstacles are detected, and in this way... The unmanned aerial vehicle is performing autonomous navigation. To eliminate the problem of low success rates in challenging terrain and obstacles. The unmanned aerial vehicle platform that is the subject of the invention is being used. Unmanned aerial vehicle with the high mobility and stability offered by its platforms, it can handle challenging terrain and Higher efficiency is achieved in overcoming obstacles. Furthermore, this can occur on water. High operational flexibility by enabling it to perform more challenging tasks in cases 35 It provides. 4 In order to eliminate the problems of the current lack of real-time data analysis, from the computers and sensors on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform that is the subject of the invention This ensures that incoming data is sent to the center in real time. In this way... The level of threat in the region can be determined using predefined values. Also, 5 Maximum threat according to critical limits loaded onto the unmanned aerial vehicle platform. When this level is reached, the platform autonomously enters a protection mode. To fulfill the purposes described above, the invention has chemical, biological, and radiological implications. 10 integrated with CBRN sensors that enable the detection and diagnosis of nuclear (CBRN) threats. capable of operating autonomously or semi-autonomously, with ground control stations. It is a remotely controlled unmanned aerial vehicle, and its feature is;  Manufactured from composite materials resistant to CBRN elements, all connections and the joints are insulated with gasket systems that provide a high level of sealing, inside The equipment is protected from the adverse effects of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear agents. protective, leakproof armored hull,  Showing high sensitivity to chemical gas molecules present in the environment Chemical systems that detect and identify harmful and dangerous chemical gases, providing warnings. gas detector,  By taking air samples to detect and identify biological agents present in the environment 20 Biological particle analyzer that provides warning,  By detecting ionizing radiation (alpha, beta, gamma, neutron and X-ray) in the environment Radiation detectors that enable the identification of radiological threats,  By analyzing the energy spectrum of radiation, the specific radiation emanating from it can be identified. Nuclear isotope 25, which enables the immediate detection and identification of radioisotopes. identifiers,  Lidar, camera and radar enable three-dimensional mapping and obstacle detection by unmanned aerial vehicles. and environmental sensors that enable it to perform autonomous operations,  The unmanned aerial vehicle may come into contact with CBRN agents while performing measurements. The foot structure that allows it to get as close as possible, 30  Chemical gas detector, biological particle analyzer, radiation detectors, nuclear isotope descriptors process and evaluate data received from environmental sensors, The processor that enables the necessary warnings to be given and the necessary actions to be taken. It includes. 35 The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. Thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to the figures, it becomes clearer. This will be understood, and therefore the evaluation should also take these figures and detailed explanations into account. It must be done by taking it. Figures that will help understand the invention. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the unmanned aerial vehicle that is the subject of the invention. Figure 2 shows a side view of the unmanned aerial vehicle that is the subject of the invention. Figure 3 shows a front view of the unmanned aerial vehicle that is the subject of the invention. 10 Figure 4 shows a top view of the unmanned aerial vehicle that is the subject of the invention. Figure 5 shows a bottom view of the unmanned aerial vehicle that is the subject of the invention. The drawings do not necessarily need to be scaled and are necessary for understanding the invention. Details that are not present may have been overlooked. Furthermore, at least to a large extent, 15 Elements that are identical or at least have substantially identical functions are numbered the same. It is shown. Explanation of Part References 1. Body 2. Chemical Gas Detector 3. Biological Particle Analyzer 4. Radiation Detectors 5. Nuclear Isotope Identifiers 25 6. Environmental Sensors 7. Foot Structure 8. Processor Detailed Description of the Invention 30 In this detailed explanation, the preferred configurations of the invention are not merely for better understanding the subject. in order to facilitate understanding and without imposing any limiting effects It is explained. 35 6 The invention describes the detection and identification of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) threats. enabling autonomous or semi-autonomous movement, integrated with CBRN sensors. with the capability of being remotely controlled by ground control stations It is related. The elements and functions used in the unmanned aerial vehicle that is the subject of this invention are as follows: The fuselage (1) is made of composite materials resistant to CBRN elements, all Internal connections and joints are insulated with gasket systems that provide high sealing performance. 10 that protect equipment from the adverse effects of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear agents It is a leakproof armored structure. The fuselage (1) allows the system to operate in the field for a long time. It allows for the use of armor, chemically impermeable composite materials, and radiation shielding. It consists of polymer coatings used. Also at connection points and joints. The leak-proof sealing systems prevent the entry of particles or gases into the housing from the outside. This is prevented. Thanks to these structures, the vehicle can withstand even high levels of contamination in environments of 15 degrees. by preventing damage to sensors, processors, and power components, reliable data collection and It maintains its analytical capabilities. The armored and sealed structure also allows for the analysis of the interior environment. It ensures stability in system performance by maintaining its stability. The unmanned aerial vehicle platform is designed to accurately and quickly detect CBRN threats. integrated chemical gas detector (2) and biological particle analyzer (3) elements It uses. The chemical gas detector (2) exhibits high sensitivity to chemical gas molecules. 25 It is an element. Using electrochemical sensors or semiconductor detectors, the type of gases can be determined. and measures its concentration, thus instantly alerting the vehicle to chemical threats in the surrounding area. It provides. Biological particle analyzer (3) detects biological agents present in the environment by air sampling 30 It is the element that provides warning by detecting and diagnosing with the method. Biological particle analyzer (3), High sensitivity for detecting biological agents (bacteria, viruses, spores, etc.) in the air. It uses optical sensors and laser-based analysis techniques. This sensor analyzes biological processes in the environment. It quickly detects contamination and identifies the presence of a biological threat. Both chemical gas detector (2) and biological particle analyzer (3), real-time data 35 Based on the analysis, it strengthens the vehicle's autonomous decision-making mechanism, thereby assisting the operator. 7 It enables the immediate transmission of threat information. The combination of these two elements allows for the protection of a wide range of CBRN threats. It allows for accurate perception across a spectrum. The unmanned aerial vehicle platform is sensitive to environmental radiation and nuclear threats. to provide a detection system integrated radiation detectors (4) and nuclear isotope identifiers 5 (5) is used. Radiation detectors (4) detect ambient ionizing radiation (alpha, beta, gamma, neutron and It enables the identification of radiological threats by detecting X-rays. Radiation Sensors (4) detect types of ionizing radiation such as alpha, beta, gamma, neutron and X-ray 10 It measures the intensity of these types of radiation using a semiconductor, scintillator, and ionization chamber. Using proportional counters and Geiger-Müller type detectors, the type of radiation in the environment and The level is being determined. Nuclear isotope descriptors (5) can identify radiation by analyzing the energy spectrum of radiation. This enables the immediate detection and identification of the specific radioisotopes that make up the radioisotopes. The system enables an immediate response, especially to nuclear threats. Ionizer Data on the type and intensity of radiation, and the type and concentration of radioisotope, can be obtained from unmanned aerial vehicles. The information is transmitted to the vehicle's processing unit to provide an accurate assessment of the seriousness of the nuclear threat. These elements are used to increase the vehicle's environmental awareness and provide protection against CBRN threats. It provides the data needed for a rapid and effective response. Environmental sensors (6), lidar, camera and radar with three-dimensional unmanned aerial vehicle It enables mapping, obstacle detection, and autonomous operations. In this way... Unmanned aerial vehicles can operate safely and effectively in complex and variable environments. 25 The camera is able to do this by collecting visual data and using image processing algorithms. It detects surrounding objects, obstacles, or potential threats. LIDAR, distance By providing millimeter-level precision in its measurements, the vehicle can navigate environmental obstacles and the ground. It allows for the identification of types or structural elements. Radar, in particular, By operating in low visibility conditions (fog, smoke, or darkness), the LIDAR and camera have a limited 30 In these situations, it detects obstacles and moving objects. These three sensor systems... By working together, we can analyze the drone's surroundings in detail from all angles. its perception, its ability to move safely in complex environments and overcome obstacles It makes it possible. 35 8 Foot structure (7) makes it possible for the unmanned aerial vehicle to encounter CBRN agents while performing measurements. It is the element that allows it to get as close as possible. Thanks to this structure, the unmanned aerial vehicle The accuracy of the measurement, which is carried out by getting closer to the ground of the task area. It is being enhanced. The legs are foldable and have modular connection points for unmanned aerial vehicles. It is mounted on the vehicle and can be easily replaced with quick-connect / lock systems. 5 Processor (8); chemical gas detector (2), biological particle analyzer (3), radiation detectors (4), processing data received from nuclear isotope descriptors (5) and environmental sensors (6) evaluating, ensuring necessary warnings are issued and necessary actions are taken. It is a structure. 10

Claims

9 REQUESTS 1. Enabling the detection and identification of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) threats. Capable of operating in integration with CBRN sensors, and capable of autonomous or semi-autonomous movement. It is an unmanned aerial vehicle that can be remotely controlled via ground control stations, 5 feature;  Manufactured from composite materials resistant to CBRN elements, all connections and the joints are insulated with gasket systems that provide a high level of sealing, inside the equipment from the adverse effects of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear agents protective leakproof armored hull (1), 10  Showing high sensitivity to chemical gas molecules present in the environment Chemical systems that detect and identify harmful and dangerous chemical gases, providing warnings. gas detector (2),  By taking air samples to detect and identify biological agents present in the environment. Warning-providing biological particle analyzer (3), 15  By detecting ionizing radiation (alpha, beta, gamma, neutron and X-ray) in the environment Radiation detectors that enable the identification of radiological threats (4),  By analyzing the energy spectrum of radiation, the specific radiation emanating from it can be identified. Nuclear isotopes that enable the immediate detection and identification of radioisotopes. identifiers (5), 20  Lidar, camera and radar enable three-dimensional mapping and obstacle detection by unmanned aerial vehicles. and environmental sensors that enable it to perform autonomous operations (6),  The unmanned aerial vehicle may come into contact with CBRN agents while performing measurements. foot structure that allows it to get as close as possible (7),  Chemical gas detector (2), biological particle analyzer (3), radiation detectors (4), 25 processing data received from nuclear isotope descriptors (5) and environmental sensors (6) evaluating, issuing necessary warnings and taking necessary actions It includes the processor (8) that provides.

2. It is an unmanned aerial vehicle that complies with Claim 1 and has the feature of a foldable foot structure (7) 30 It includes.

3. An unmanned aerial vehicle conforming to Claim 1, characterized by its modular connection points and unmanned operation. Aircraft-mounted and replaceable landing gear with quick-connect / lock systems. (7) includes. 35 4. An unmanned aerial vehicle conforming to Claim 1, whose features include: semiconductor, scintillator, ion chamber, Using proportional counters and Geiger-Müller type detectors, the type of radiation in the environment can be determined. and includes radiation detectors (4) that determine its level.

5. An unmanned aerial vehicle that complies with Claim 1, and whose feature is the detection of biological agents in the air. using high-precision optical sensors and laser-based analysis techniques to do so It includes a biological particle analyzer (3).

6. An unmanned aerial vehicle conforming to Claim 1, characterized by its electrochemical sensors or semiconductors. Chemical gas 10 measures the type and density of gases using conductive sensors. It includes the detector (2).

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