USE OF EGCG-BOR COMPLEXES (Alkali / Alkali Earth / Zn²? Metal Cation Salts) AS MULTIPLE DEFENSE ACTIVES OR ADDITIVES IN PREVENTING DROUGHT AND UV-B INDICATED LEAF DAMAGE

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and boron-derived complexes (Alkali / Soil Alkali / Zn²-metal cation salts) as multiple defense agents or additives in the field of agriculture and agricultural biotechnology, particularly for the prevention of leaf damage caused by abiotic stress factors such as drought and UV-B radiation, thereby enhancing antioxidant defense, structural protection, photoprotection, and metabolic support mechanisms in plants.

Description

EGCG-BORON COMPLEXES (Alkali / Earth Alkali / Zn²⁺ Metal Cation (Salts) Prevent Drought and UV-B Caused Leaf Damage USE AS A MULTIPLE DEFENSE ACTIVE OR ADDITIVE Technical Area The invention has implications for agriculture and agricultural biotechnology, particularly in the areas of drought and UV-B radiation. leaf damage caused by abiotic stress factors such as radiation To prevent this, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and boron element... multiple derived complexes (Alkali / Alkali Earth / Zn²⁺ metal cation salts) its use as a defense active or additive and in this way in plants antioxidant defense, structural protection, photoprotection, and metabolic support. It is related to strengthening these mechanisms. State of the Art When current techniques are evaluated, there are threats to yield and quality in plant production. Two of the most important abiotic stress factors are drought and UV-B radiation. Under drought conditions, the root-xylem water potential of the plant decreases, and the stomata... It is closing and as a result the rate of photosynthesis is decreasing. Hydraulic transmission Because of deterioration, water loss increases in leaf tissues, and lipids accumulate in cell membranes. Peroxidation occurs and chloroplast structures are damaged. UV-B Radiation (280–315 nm) directly causes DNA damage, affecting photosystem II. and it degrades and reactive components of light harvesting systems such as Rubisco. This leads to the accumulation of oxygen species. When these effects combine, photosynthesis occurs. Capacity is decreasing significantly and substantial losses in product yield are occurring. It is emerging. The methods currently used to combat these stressors fall under three main headings. It is being gathered from: genetic and molecular approaches, agricultural applications and chemical / physiological strategies. Genetically-based drought and UV-B tolerance. Varieties are being developed, and drip irrigation and sensors are being used in agricultural applications. irrigation management based on water-based systems, shading nets, and UV-filtering coatings. It is used. Among chemical and physiological protection methods, abscisic 2 pre-stimulatory agents such as salicylic acid, jasmonate, brassinosteroids, and low-dose hydrogen peroxide. These include stimulating molecules and polyphenolic antioxidants such as EGCG. However, these approaches have significant limitations, particularly regarding drought and UV radiation. Effective solutions for the combined stresses caused by factor B are limited. The current methods often provide only short-term protection, and the field It shows low adaptation under these conditions. Also, biostimulants and chemicals... The lack of standard dose-timing protocols in applications, environmental factors uncertainty of effects, high costs, and feasibility at the farmer scale These problems reduce the effectiveness of these methods. Description of the Invention This statement describes EGCG-Boron complexes (Alkali / Alkali Earth / Zn²⁺ Metal Cation). Salts are a multi-faceted defense active ingredient that prevents drought and UV-B induced leaf damage. or its use as an additive contributes to a better understanding of the subject. This is explained in a way that will not create any limiting effects. The present invention satisfies the aforementioned requirements and eliminates all disadvantages. EGCG-Bor complexes that eliminate and offer some additional advantages (Alkali / Alkali Earth / Zn²⁺ Metal Cation Salts) drought and UV-B induced foliage by being used as a multiple defensive active or additive to prevent damage It is related. The primary aim of the invention is to reduce drought and UV-B induced leaf damage. The goal is to preserve the photosynthetic capacity of plants. Another aim of the invention is to utilize EGCG's strong antioxidant properties to neutralize reactive oxygen species. The goal is to reduce oxidative stress by neutralizing it. Another aim of the invention is to improve the cell wall and leaf surface thanks to the addition of boron. The goal is to limit water loss and UV-B damage by strengthening its integrity. Another aim of the invention is to investigate the synergistic effect of EGCG-boron complexes on leaves. The goal is to activate both photoprotection and metabolic support mechanisms simultaneously. 3 Another aim of the invention is to create a natural, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly product. The goal is to address the shortcomings of existing methods through formulation. The invention investigates oxidative stress in plants caused by drought and UV-B radiation, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with boron to prevent leaf damage Multiple defense complexes (Alkali / Alkali Earth / Zn²⁺ metal cation salts) When used actively, it provides antioxidant defense and structural protection in plants. photoprotection and metabolic support mechanisms simultaneously It is strengthening. The invention, in its preferred form, addresses the effects of drought and UV-B radiation on plants. EGCG–boron complexes (Alkali / Soil) to prevent leaf damage Alkali / Zn²⁺ metal cation salts) are used as multiple defense actives in agriculture. It is the use of. The invention, in its most preferred form, is the EGCG-Boron complex (Alkali / Alkali Earth / Zn²⁺ Metal Cation Salts) are a multiple method of preventing drought and UV-B induced leaf damage. It is used as a defense active or additive. The contributions of the EGCG–Bor complex, which is the subject of the invention, to the operation of the invention and Features: The developed multi-faceted defense active protects against drought and UV-B induced leaf damage. Simultaneously provides antioxidant defense, structural protection, photoprotection, and It activates metabolic support mechanisms. Both EGCG–Bor complexes... This component also functions synergistically in this process. 1. Antioxidant Defense Supplement (EGCG) • EGCG, thanks to its polyphenolic structure, inhibits reactive oxygen species (superoxide). It neutralizes hydrogen peroxide (hydroxyl radical) anions with high efficiency. • Reducing the increased oxidative load under drought and UV-B stress, protecting cells. membranes, chloroplast membranes and photosystem proteins It ensures its protection. • Complexation with boron results in EGCG being present on the leaf surface and in the intercellular space. This allows it to remain stable for longer periods in open spaces. 4 2. Structural and Cellular Protection (Boron) • Boron plays a role in the cross-linking of cell wall pectate chains. It increases the mechanical resistance of the leaf epidermis. • Stimulation of lignin synthesis with EGCG, resulting in cuticle thickness It contributes to increasing water levels and reducing water loss. • By supporting cell membrane stability, it reduces the risk of plasmolysis during drought and UV-B It limits the increase in membrane permeability underneath. 3. Photochemical System Protection (EGCG + Boron) • EGCG has an oxidative effect on the D1 protein of photosystem II and Rubisco. It limits degradation. • Boron supports chloroplast inner membrane stability and magnesium retention. It strengthens and prevents the degradation of chlorophyll molecules. • This effect is observed in the Fv / Fm and photosynthetic efficiency parameters under stress conditions. It helps protect it. 4. Osmoregulation and Metabolic Support • Boron facilitates carbohydrate transport; EGCG reduces oxidative stress. combined with its reducing effect, soluble sugar and osmoprotectant accumulation It is encouraged. • This helps to conserve leaf water potential and cellular turgor. It contributes to maintaining pressure. 5. Synthesis of Photoprotective Compounds • EGCG activates phenylpropanoid metabolism, thereby inhibiting flavonoid and... It increases anthocyanin synthesis; these compounds absorb UV-B light, thus reactivating naturally. It functions as a photofilter. • Boron facilitates the transport and stability of these phenolic compounds in leaf cells. supports. 6. Ecological and Practical Advantages • Environmentally friendly due to its plant origin and biodegradability. He is a friend. • When applied to the leaf surface, it acts quickly and also provides boron. It provides long-lasting protection thanks to its stabilizing effect. • By indirectly contributing to pathogen suppression, it helps balance the leaf microbiome. amount. The EGCG–Bor complex contributes to the invention's function as a multi-defense active agent; oxidative reducing damage, preserving cellular structural integrity, photosynthesizing system such as supporting, preventing water loss and increasing UV-B absorbing compound production. It offers fundamental contributions. In this way, it helps to understand the causes of drought and UV-B, either together or separately. By preventing leaf damage, it minimizes yield and quality losses. The solution offered by the invention is presented below. 1. Drought and UV-B radiation increase the photosynthetic capacity of plants. decrease, oxidative stress increase and serious structural damage to leaf tissue. These are the main abiotic stress factors that lead to disruptions. These stresses The combined effect leads to damage to photosystem II and chloroplast membranes. deterioration, excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species and on the leaf surface This leads to water losses, increasing yield and quality losses. Current methods include genetic breeding, agricultural practices, or chemical treatments. Although it offers partial solutions through regulators, they are mostly short-lived. It is effective but insufficient under combined stress conditions. 2. This invention aims to remedy these deficiencies by using epigallocatechin gallate. (EGCG) and boron complexes (Alkali / Earth Alkali / Zn²⁺ metal cation a new formulation consisting of (salts) as multiple defense active ingredients It is recommended to use EGCG, thanks to its polyphenolic structure. reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical. It reduces oxidative stress by neutralizing its types with high efficiency. With boron. Complexation allows EGCG to remain stable on the leaf surface for a longer period. By ensuring its retention, it increases its protective effect. Boron also protects cells. by supporting the cross-linking of pectate chains in the leaf wall It strengthens the mechanical resistance of tissues and limits water loss. 3. Thus, the invention provides antioxidant defense, structural protection, photoprotection, and integrated mechanisms that simultaneously activate metabolic support mechanisms It offers a solution thanks to EGCG-boron complexes. Photosystem proteins and chlorophyll structure are preserved, along with flavonoids. The synthesis of UV-B absorbing compounds such as anthocyanins is increased, in leaves 6 A more resistant barrier is formed on its surface. Also, natural, biological... They are biodegradable and, thanks to their environmentally friendly structures, can contribute to the current struggle. a longer-lasting, lower-cost and more feasible alternative to other methods agricultural solutions are offered. The methods for producing and applying the invention are described below. Production Method: 1. The invention does not relate to the synthesis of EGCG–Bor complexes, but rather to this The complexes are intended for use as multiple defense assets in agriculture. 2. Complex, together with carriers such as maltodextrin, dextrose or sorbitol. It can be produced. 3. The product can be prepared in solid or liquid form. 4. Soluble versions of the complex with different solvents or carriers It can be made feasible with support. Application Method: 1. EGCG–Bor complexes are used in all fertilization applications, including liquid, solid, or spray forms. It can be implemented through various methods. 2. Applications can be made to the soil, roots, plant, or directly to the leaves. 3. The soluble form of the complex is prepared and homogenized prior to application. The distribution is ensured. 4. When used with carriers, it remains on the leaf surface for a longer period. It will last. 5. As a result of the applications, the plant develops antioxidant defenses and structural protection. photoprotection and metabolic support mechanisms are activated simultaneously. It is done.

Claims

1. The invention relates to drought and agricultural biotechnology and food security in the fields of agriculture and biotechnology. Preventing leaf damage caused by UV-B radiation in plants. It is an agricultural application method, and its characteristic feature is epigallocatechin gallate. (EGCG) and boron-derived complexes (Alkali, Alkaline Earth) (or Zn²⁺ metal cation salts) multiple defense actives or additives It includes its use as such.

2. It complies with Claim 1, and its characteristic feature is the polyphenolic structure of EGCG. reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical. It reduces oxidative stress by neutralizing certain species.

3. Compliant with Claim 1, its characteristic is that boron doping affects the cell wall pectate chains. By enabling cross-linking, it improves the mechanical strength of leaf tissues. Its purpose is to increase water flow and limit water loss.

4. Complies with Claim 1, characterized by the synergistic effect of EGCG–Bor complexes. antioxidant defense, structural protection, photoprotection and metabolic processes in plants. It is the simultaneous activation of support mechanisms.

5. Complies with Claim 1, characterized by the binding of EGCG to the D1 protein of photosystem II and Limiting oxidative degradation of boron on Rubisco and chloroplasts Its function is to strengthen the stability of the inner membrane and prevent chlorophyll degradation.

6. It conforms to Claim 1, and its characteristic is the transport of carbohydrates by boron. facilitated by and combined with the oxidative stress-reducing effect of EGCG It promotes the accumulation of soluble sugars and osmoprotectants.

7. Complies with Claim 1, characterized by the metabolism of phenylpropanoids by EGCG. by activating and increasing flavonoid and anthocyanin synthesis, and boron's... Its function is to support the transport and stability of compounds within leaf cells.

8. Complies with Claim 1, characterized by its composition: EGCG–Bor complexes of plant origin. It is ecological because it is biodegradable and environmentally friendly. It is the advantage it provides. 8 9. Complies with Claim 1, and its characteristic is that the complexes are in liquid, solid or spray form. It is structured in a way that allows it to be prepared in formulations.

10. It conforms to Claim 1 and is characterized by its adaptability to all types of solvents.