PASSIVE REACTOR CORE PROTECTION MECHANISM BASED ON SIPHON BREAKAGE, AND REACTOR COOLING SYSTEM
Patent Information
- Application Number
- TR202603637
- Authority / Receiving Office
- TR · TR
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-09-15
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-21
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
1 TARIFF SIPHON BREAK-BASED PASSIVE REACTOR CORE PROTECTION MECHANISM AND REACTOR COOLING SYSTEM CROSS-REFERENCE TO THE RELEVANT APPLICATION 5 This application was submitted on September 15, 2023, and is titled "Siphon Cracking Based Passive Reactor". Chinese Patent titled "Core Protection Mechanism and Reactor Cooling System" The applicant requests priority for application No. 202311190803.3. All of this is included here by way of attribution. TECHNICAL FIELD The current application relates to the field of nuclear reactor cooling technologies, and specifically to siphoning. A reactor cooling system with a fracture-based passive reactor core protection mechanism. It includes the system. BACKGROUND In a conventional pressurized water reactor, the reactor cooling system is a closed loop. While the reactor is operating, large amounts of nuclear fuel are formed in the reactor core as a result of fission. The amount of heat is directed towards the primary circuit cooling system to maintain core stability. It is transferred to secondary and tertiary circuits via this. If a section of the circuit fails, 20 If the reactor core cannot be dissipated of heat in time under normal conditions, the reactor The core's cooling capacity will be insufficient, leading to overheating of the core. This could even lead to damage, posing a serious threat to the safety of the reactor. In nuclear reactors, core integrity is a crucial safeguard against radioactive leakage. This is a precautionary measure, and core cooling is vital for the safety of the reactor. 25 Compared to traditional reactors, pool-type reactors have an open-circuit system. A cooling system is available. The reactor pool has a large water storage capacity. The nuclear fuel in the reactor core is submerged in the reactor pool. Normal operation During this process, the main circulation pump ensures the flow of coolant in the primary circuit. 30 The coolant in the primary circuit enters the reactor core from the top, the reactor It passes through the core and then enters the pipes of the primary circuit cooling system. 2 The primary circuit cooling system transfers heat from the core to the secondary cooling water system. It removes the heat generated. After the reactor is shut down due to accident conditions, The water in the pool circulates naturally due to the temperature difference, and the decay heat of the nucleus... This distances the reactor; which greatly increases the safety of the pool-type reactor. However, a leak or crack occurs at the pressure limit in the primary circuit. In this case, the coolant is released at the pressure between the crack and the water surface of the reactor pool. Due to the effect of the difference, it will continuously leak out through this crack, and this will affect the reactor pool. This will cause the water to drain continuously. This phenomenon is called the siphoning effect. This phenomenon occurs when a liquid level, under the influence of pressure (usually atmospheric pressure), causes the liquid to curve in a curved shape. the pipe rises to its highest point and then, under the influence of gravity, returns to its initial position. It is a common fluid dynamics phenomenon where the liquid flows from a lower level to a lower position. In a pool-type research reactor, the piping of the primary circuit cooling system connects to the reactor. It connects to the bottom of the core. That is, to the tubing of the primary circuit cooling system. The outlet section at the edge of the pool is located at the bottom of the reactor pool. As a result, a 15 In the event of a leak, the liquid level in the reactor pool will rise due to the siphon effect. It will continue to fall below this level, which is located at the bottom of the reactor pool. by causing the reactor core to be exposed, thus threatening reactor safety. will be able to. In this context, the present application aims to resolve the technical issues mentioned above. siphon-breaking based passive reactor core protection mechanism and a reactor cooling system. It proposes the system. SUMMARY 25 Given the shortcomings in the current technology, the aim of this application is to improve the existing technology. In technology, the cooling systems of pool-type reactors are subject to the siphon effect, and Therefore, eliminating the problem of it posing a potential security risk. a passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon breaking and a reactor The goal is to provide a cooling system. 30 The first aspect of the current application is the protection of a passive reactor core based on siphon breaking. It offers a mechanism that includes the following: 3 a heat exchanger; a circulation pump; the outlet end of the circulation pump connects to the inlet end of the heat exchanger. They are related; one end is placed in the reactor core storage tank, and the other end is in the heat exchanger. an inlet pipeline connected to the outlet end; 5 One end connects to the outlet of the reactor core, and the other end connects to the inlet of the circulation pump. an outlet pipeline connected to; and located on the inlet pipeline and / or outlet pipeline and on the inlet pipeline and / or outlet to eliminate the siphon effect caused by a malfunction in the pipeline A designed siphon breaking mechanism. 10 Ideally, the siphon breaking mechanism, the first siphon breaking hole, the connecting pipe, and the siphon itself. At least one of the crushed pipelines is selected. Ideally, the siphon breaking mechanism is the first siphon breaking hole or connecting pipe, 15 The siphon breaking mechanism is located on the inlet pipeline and in the reactor core. It is located inside the storage pool, and inlet pipeline designed to connect to the reactor core storage pool The connector is located on top of the reactor core. Ideally, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline. and the other end extends upwards along the axial direction of the connecting pipe, Multiple siphon breaking holes are created on the connecting pipe, and The axial direction of the connecting pipe is aligned with the vertical direction of the reactor core storage pool. They are the same. 25 Ideally, the siphon breaking mechanism is the siphon breaking pipeline and One end of the siphon breaking pipeline is connected to the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline; The other end extends into the reactor core storage pool and runs towards the reactor core. It progresses. 30 Ideally, the siphon breaking pipeline should include at least one siphon breaking valve, and A siphon safety valve consists of a float valve and a float connected to this valve. 4 Preferably, the end of the siphon fracturing pipeline extending to the reactor core storage pool, with a first siphon breaking pipeline branch and a second siphon breaking pipeline branch are related, The first branch siphon breaking pipeline is equipped with a first float valve, 5 The second branch siphon breaking pipeline is fitted with a second float valve and The liquid levels corresponding to the first float valve and the second float valve are as follows: The float valve will not be equal when the first float valve is fully open and the second float valve is fully open. Preferably, both the inlet and outlet pipelines should have siphon breaking mechanisms. is equipped and One of these two siphon breaking mechanisms is the first siphon breaking hole, and the other is the siphon itself. It is a crushing pipeline. A second aspect of the current application is a reactor cooling system which includes the following: 15 It offers: a reactor core storage pool; a reactor core placed at the bottom of the reactor core storage pool; and as described above, to remove the heat generated by the reactor core. Designed passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon rupture. 20 Ideally, the reactor core should be located on one side closer to the outlet pipeline. It is placed in the storage pool and The reactor core has an outlet end on one side adjacent to the outlet pipeline. Compared to the previous technique, the advantages and positive effects of this application are listed below. It has been stated. The current application is a passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon breaking. It offers a siphon breaking mechanism on the inlet pipeline and / or outlet pipeline. 30 by being installed, a siphon caused by a crack in the inlet and / or outlet pipeline. Its effect can be eliminated. The structure of the passive reactor core protection mechanism is simple. and easy to maintain. With passive technology, the reactor core is stored in the liquid in the storage pool. The siphon phenomenon is broken by reducing the pressure difference between the leakage points, and The liquid level in the reaction pool is maintained at a specific height. Passive reactor. The core protection mechanism offers high safety and reliability and is pool type. It can effectively improve the safety of reactors. The general explanation above and the detailed explanation below are for illustrative purposes only. It should be understood that this is the case and does not limit this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The technical solutions in the specific examples of the current application are more clearly defined in 10 For the purpose of explanation, the attached examples that should be used in the concrete examples of the present application. The drawing will be briefly introduced below. FIGURE 1 shows a reactor cooling system according to a regulation of the present application. This is a schematic structural diagram; 15 FIGURE 2 shows a partial structure in FIGURE 1 according to an amendment to the current application. This is a schematic diagram; FIGURE 3 shows a siphon breaking pipeline of 20 according to a regulation of the current application. This is a schematic structural diagram (a siphon breaking pipeline is shown fully open); FIGURE 4 shows a schematic of siphon breaking pipelines according to a regulation of the current application. This is the structural diagram (both siphon breaking pipelines are fully open); FIGURE 5 shows a schematic diagram of siphon breaking pipelines according to a regulation of the current application. This is a structural diagram (two branch siphon breaking pipelines, each with one end open to the air). is in this situation); FIGURE 6 is a partial section diagram of a structure in FIGURE 1 (the first siphon break hole is a 30 (replaced with a connecting pipe); 6 FIGURE 7 shows a schematic of the reactor cooling system according to a modification of the current application. This is the structural diagram (both siphon breaking mechanisms are siphon breaking pipelines); FIGURE 8 shows a siphon breaking valve, as shown in FIG. 1, and equipped with a siphon breaking valve. This is a schematic structural diagram of the pipeline; 5 Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Figure 1; in this diagram, the heat exchanger and circulation system are shown. There is only one of each pump; and FIGURE 10 shows the reactor cooling system according to a modification of the current application. This is a schematic structural diagram (siphon breaking mechanism in the inlet pipeline, a siphon breaking mechanism). It is a pipeline, and the siphon breaking mechanism in the outlet pipeline is the first siphon breaking mechanism. (It is a hole). Reference numbers: 15 1 - Inlet pipeline; 11 - Input connector; h1 - Inlet connection end of the reactor core storage pool height; 2 - Outlet pipeline; 20 21 - Output connector; h2 - Outlet connection end in the reactor core storage pool height; 3 - Reactor core storage pool; h3 - Water level in the reactor core storage pool; 25 4 - Heat exchanger; - Circulation pump; 6 - Siphon breaking mechanism; 61 - First siphon breaking hole; h61 - 30 of the first siphon rupture hole in the reactor core storage pool. height; 62 - Siphon breaking pipeline; 621 - First branch siphon breaking pipeline; 7 h621 - First branch siphon breaking in reactor core storage pool the height of one end of the pipeline; 6211 - First float valve; 6212 - First buoy; h6212 - First 5 in the reactor core storage pool the height of the buoy; 622 - Second branch siphon breaking pipeline; h622 - Second branch siphon breaking in reactor core storage pool the height of one end of the pipeline; 6221 - Second float valve; 10 6222 - Second buoy; h6212 - Second in the reactor core storage pool the height of the buoy; 63 - Connecting pipe; 631 - Second siphon breaking hole; 15 h63 - The bottommost part of the connecting pipe in the reactor core storage pool. The height of the second siphon breaking hole; 7 - Reactor core; h7 - Height of the reactor core. DETAILED EXPLANATION To better understand the technical solutions of the current application, the current application... The applications will be explained in detail below, along with the attached diagrams. Fig. 1 shows a reactor cooling system according to a regulation of the present application. Fig. 2 is the schematic structural diagram; according to an arrangement of the current application. Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing of a partial structure; Fig. 3 is a part of the current application. According to the arrangement, it is the schematic structural diagram of the siphon breaking pipeline (62); where The second float valve (6221) is fully open; FIG. 4, a 30 of the present application. According to the arrangement, it is the schematic structural diagram of the siphon breaking pipeline (62); where BOTH float valves are fully open; AND FIG. 5, a part of the current application. 8 According to the regulation, it is the schematic structural diagram of the siphon breaking pipelines (62); where Each of the two branch siphon breaking pipelines has one end open to the air. As shown in Fig. 1, the reactor cooling system consists of reactor core storage. its pool (3), reactor core (7) and a passive reactor core based on siphon breaking 5 It includes a protection mechanism. A passive reactor core based on siphon breaking. the protection mechanism to remove the heat generated by the reactor core (7) It is used and consists of the inlet pipeline (1) and the outlet pipeline (2). Siphon breaking mechanism (6), in each of the inlet pipeline (1) and outlet pipeline (2), inlet pipeline Siphon 10 formed due to a crack in (1) and / or outlet pipeline (2). It is located to break its effect. Siphon breaking on the inlet pipeline (1) mechanism (6) is the first siphon breaking hole (61); siphon on the outlet pipeline (2) The breaking mechanism (6) is the siphon breaking pipeline (62). 15 in the inlet pipeline (1), outlet pipeline (2) and reactor core storage pool (3) The circulating coolant has been demonstrated using water as an example; however, this situation is a It does not constitute a limitation. The coolant circulates in the reactor cooling system as follows: Water, It enters from the top of the reactor core (7) and 20 from the bottom of the reactor core (7). It exits from the outlet end; thus, the water entering from the top of the reactor core (7) exits the core It absorbs the heat inside and turns into hot water, and this hot water enters the outlet pipeline (2). Outlet Hot water in the pipeline (2) is moved out by the circulation pump (5). It is transported out through the pipeline (2) and transferred to the heat exchanger (4). After heat exchange, the heat The heat exchanger (4) removes the heat and the water in the inlet pipeline (1) turns into cold water, reactor 25 The core is returned to the storage pool (3). Cooling of the reactor core (7) This cycle is repeated. Reactor core (7), to the bottom of reactor core storage pool (3) is located and the outlet end of the reactor core (7) is 30 on the side adjacent to the outlet pipeline (2) It is positioned in this way. In this way, the water in the outlet pipeline (2) and the reactor core The amount of heat exchange between the water in the storage pool (3) can be reduced; thus the reactor 9 heat removal efficiency from the core (7) is increased and reactor core storage The water in the pool (3) is kept at a relatively low temperature. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, one end of the inlet pipeline (1) is connected to the reactor core. Passing through the side wall of the storage pool (3), the reactor core enters the storage pool 5 (3) When entering, the other end of the inlet pipeline (1) is connected to the outlet end of the heat exchanger (4). One end of the outlet pipeline (2) is from the side wall of the reactor core storage pool (3) passing through the outlet end of the reactor core (7) is connected to the other outlet pipeline (2) The end of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the circulation pump (5). The inlet end of the heat exchanger (4), It is connected to the outlet end of the circulation pump (5). As shown in FIG. 2, the inlet pipe 10 in line (1), first siphon breaking hole (61) as siphon breaking mechanism (6) The first siphon breaking hole (61) is an opening with a circular cross-section and has a special shape. It can also be polygonal, irregular, etc.; there are no limitations here. First siphon breaking. hole (61) is located inside the reactor core storage pool (3), reactor The height (h61) of the first siphon breaking hole (61) in the core storage pool (3) is 15 The height of the reactor core (7) is greater than (h7); thus, there is a (1) in the inlet pipeline When a crack occurs, the water in the reactor core storage pool (3) its height (h3) should fall below the height (h7) of the reactor core (7) and Therefore, the reactor core (7) is prevented from being exposed to air. As shown in FIG. 1. siphon breaking pipeline (62), which has a siphon breaking mechanism (6), outlet pipeline (2) 20 It is located on it. One end of the siphon breaking pipeline (62) is connected to the outlet pipeline (2). and the other end of the siphon breaking pipeline (62) is the first branch siphon breaking pipeline (621) and is connected to the second branch siphon breaking pipeline (622). The first branch siphon breaking pipeline line (621) and second branch siphon breaking pipeline (622), reactor core storage It extends to the pool (3) and continues toward the reactor core (7). The first branch 25 each of the siphon breaking pipeline (621) and the second branch siphon breaking pipeline (622) one end is located near the reactor core (7), near the reactor core (7) It facilitates the removal of hot water and the elimination of heat. First branch siphon breaking. In the pipeline (621), there is a first siphon breaking valve, and this valve is the first float. first float valve (6211) and first float valve (6211) connected with first float (6212) 30 It includes. In the second branch siphon breaking pipeline (622), the second siphon breaking valve located and this valve connects the second float valve (6221) and the second float (6222) It includes the second float valve (6221) connected to it. between the inlet pipeline (1) and the side wall of the reactor core storage pool (3) The connection is the inlet connection end (11) [protruding part of the inlet pipeline (1)]. Inlet connection The height of the tip (11) inside the reactor core storage pool (3) is (h1). Inlet The connection end (11) is located on the reactor core (7), in other words 5 Height (h1) of the inlet connection end (11) inside the reactor core storage pool (3), The height of the reactor core (7) is greater than (h7). The outlet pipeline (2) and the reactor The connection between the side wall of the core storage pool (3) is the output connection end. (21) [protruding part of the inlet pipeline (2). Reactor core of the outlet connection end (21). The height (h2) inside the storage pool (3) is h1 and h2. The magnitudes of h1 and h2 are equal or 10 They may differ. This example illustrates the case where the magnitudes of h1 and h2 are equal; However, there are no limitations here. The height of these two connection ends (11, 21) (h1 and h2) is taken as the standard height (h1 (and if h2 is not equal, the lower one is accepted as the standard height) and standard 15 The height is higher than the height (h7) of the reactor core (7). The crack is usually in the inlet pipeline (1) and / or located outside the reactor core storage pool (3) occurs in the outlet pipeline (2). Outside the reactor core storage pool (3). The heights of the inlet pipeline (1) and outlet pipeline (2) are standard. Because the height is lower than the ground level, the formation of a crack leads to a siphon effect; 20 Thus, the water in the reactor core storage pool (3) is drawn out and the reactor core The height of the water (h3) in the storage pool (3) gradually decreases. Reactor The height of the water (h3) in the core storage pool (3) of the reactor core (7) When the height (h7) is equal to or less than the reactor core (7) is airborne will be exposed. In order to prevent this situation, the siphon breaking mechanism (6) inlet 25 By placing it in the pipeline (1) and / or outlet pipeline (2), the siphon effect is broken and the reactor The height of the water in the core storage pool (3) (h3) is around the standard height. It is held. If a crack occurs in the inlet pipeline (1) and / or outlet pipeline (2), 30 (3) water in the reactor core storage pool flows out of the pool and the reactor core The height of the water (h3) in the storage pool (3) decreases gradually. 11 As shown in FIG. 2, the water in the reactor core storage pool (3) height (h3), of the first siphon breaking hole (3) in the reactor core storage pool When the height (61) drops to the same level as (h61), the first siphon break hole (61) outside air It connects with the primary circuit cooling via the first siphon break hole (61). By entering the system's pipes, a two-phase flow is created by air-water transport. 5 This increases the pressure drop due to friction in the pipe and causes rupture. It slows down the rate at which water discharges from that point. Thus, between the two ends of the pipeline... The pressure difference is reduced and the siphon phenomenon is broken, allowing the liquid in the reactor pool (3) to escape. Its level is kept at a certain height. At the same time, as shown in Fig. 5, the water in the reactor core storage pool The water level drops, and as the float descends, the float valve gradually opens. Reactor one end of the first branch siphon breaking pipeline (621) in the core storage pool (3) height (h621) from the height of the water (h3) in the reactor core storage pool (3) When greater than or equal to, the relevant end of the first branch siphon breaking pipeline (621) is 15 becomes open to the air; similarly, the second (3) in the reactor core storage pool Height of one end of branch siphon breaking pipeline (622) (h622), reactor core When the height of the water in the storage pool (3) is greater than or equal to (h3), The relevant end of the second branch siphon breaking pipeline (622) is also opened to the air. h621 and h622 The values can be adjusted as needed, and they do not have to be equal. 20 Under the effect of the circulation pump (5), outside air is drawn into the outlet pipeline (2) and exits In the pipeline, a two-phase flow consisting of air-water transport occurs (2), and the flow It breaks the negative pressure, cuts off the water flow, and prevents further water loss; thus reactor core (7) in the water in the reactor core storage pool (3) This ensures that it remains and the safety of the reactor core (7) is ensured. 25 As shown in FIGS 3 and 4; first float valve (6211) and second float valve (6221) when fully open, the first (3) in the reactor core storage pool the height of buoy (6212) (h6212) and the height of the second buoy (6222) (h6222) not equal and the amount of air entering the inlet pipeline (1) and the outlet pipeline (2) is not equal to the needs 30 It can be adjusted accordingly. 12 The height of the water (h3) in the reactor core storage pool (3) is gradually increased. As it decreases, the first float (6212) in the reactor core storage pool (3) the height (h6212) and the height (h6222) of the second buoy (6222) accordingly decreases and the first float valve (6211) and the second float valve (6221) gradually opens - FIG. 3. 5 of the second float (6222) in the reactor core storage pool (3). height (h6222), the effect of gravity under the lever effect of the second float valve (6221) causes it to become completely open. The second branch siphon breaking pipeline (622) When one end is connected to the outside air, the air passes through the second float valve (6221) through the second branch siphon breaking pipeline (622) on which it is located, to the outlet pipeline (2) enters and breaks the siphon effect. When the amount of air supplied is insufficient, the reactor core 10 However, the water in the storage pool (3) gradually flows out and the reactor core The height of the water (h3) in the storage pool (3) continues to decrease - FIG. 4. Reactor The height of the first float (6212) in the core storage pool (3) (h6212), This causes the first float valve (6211) to come to the fully open position; this situation By increasing the amount of air entering the outlet pipeline (2), air-water transport in the pipeline is reduced by 15 This creates a two-phase flow, breaks the negative pressure of the flow, and stops the water flow. In this way, the requirement to break the siphon effect is met, and the reactor core storage is achieved. (3) excessive water loss in the pool is prevented. First float valve (6211) and second float valve (6221) fully open 20 While in position, the first float (6212) in the reactor core storage pool (3) The height of the first buoy (h6212) may be equal to the height of the second buoy (h6222); thus If one of the floats is damaged, the siphon effect will be broken. A redundant design is created to prevent it from being blocked. In other words, The height of the water (h3) in the reactor core storage pool (3) is 25 to a certain level. When it falls, the first float valve (6211) and the second float valve (6221) simultaneously It opens as and the two branch siphon breaking pipelines are joined and connected to the outlet pipeline (2). establishes. As shown in Figs 1 and 2, during normal operation, the first float valve is 30° (6211) and the second float valve (6221) are in the closed position and the first siphon breaking hole (61) The reactor core is submerged in the water in the storage pool (3). By operating the circulation pump (5), the water in the inlet pipe (1) and the outlet pipe (2) 13 Water is allowed to flow. Water enters from the top of the reactor core (7), from the reactor core. (7) After passing through, it reaches the outlet end of the reactor core (7), then the outlet pipeline It continues its flow through the circulation pump (5) and heat exchanger (4) via (2). Heat heat exchanger (4) removes heat from the pipeline and through the water inlet pipeline (1) to the reactor By entering the core storage pool (3), the heat produced by the reactor core (7) is transferred to the storage pool (3). It removes the cooled water through the inlet pipeline (1) to the reactor core storage. is returned to the pool (3) and thus the reactor core under normal operating conditions (7) Cooling is provided. When a crack occurs in the inlet pipeline (1) or the outlet pipeline (2), the crack is 10 hydrostatic between the point and the water surface of the reactor core storage pool (3) Due to the pressure, water continuously flows out from the point of rupture; as a result The water in the reactor core storage pool (3) is continuously drained and the liquid in the pool The level of liquid in the reactor core storage pool (3) gradually decreases. As it decreases, the first 15 located on the liquid surface of the reactor core storage pool (3) the first float of the float valve (6211) (6212) and the second float valve (6221) the second float (6222) moves downwards; thus the first float valve (6211) and the second float valve (6221) are opened by their own weight under the effect of levering. In this way, outside air passes through the first float valve (6211) and the second float valve (6221) It enters the siphon breaking pipeline (62) via and then reaches the outlet pipeline (2) 20 This creates a two-phase flow consisting of air-water transport in the pipeline; thus The negative pressure of the flow is broken, the water flow is interrupted, and further water loss is prevented. Fig. 6 is a partial section diagram of a structure shown in Fig. 1, where the first siphon breaking hole is located. (61) was replaced with a connecting pipe (63); 25 As shown in FIGS 1, 2 and 6, the first siphon breaking hole shown in FIGS 1 (61) It can be replaced with the connecting pipe (63). The connecting pipe (63) is on the inlet pipeline (1). It is located and the reactor core is positioned inside the storage pool (3). In the connecting pipe (63), there are multiple second 30s spaced along its axial direction. A siphon breaking hole (631) is created. The connecting pipe (63) is connected to the inlet pipeline (1). is connected and the axial direction of the connecting pipe (63) is connected to the reactor core storage It is consistent with the vertical orientation of the pool (3). Reactor core storage pool 14 (3) height of the second lowest siphon breaking hole (631) on the connecting pipe (63). (h63) is higher than the height of the reactor core (7) (h7). The connecting pipe (63) in terms of its special structure, the second siphon breaking holes on the connecting pipe (63) (631) The number can be adjusted according to needs and there is no limitation here Not available. 5 Second siphon breaking holes (631) on the connecting pipe (63) at different heights With its creation, as water loss in the reactor core storage pool (3) increases, external The amount of air entering the inlet pipeline (1) and the outlet pipeline (2) can be increased. This situation, It helps to increase the effect of slowing down the rate of water discharge from the crack point, 10 pressure between the water in the reactor core storage pool (3) and the cracking point This quickly eliminates the difference, thus breaking the siphon effect; this In this way, the water in the reactor core storage pool (3) is kept at a certain height. The water in the inlet pipeline (1) and outlet pipeline (2) is stored in the reactor core 15 In order to prevent it from flowing out of the pool (3), the first siphon breaking hole (61) and The connecting pipe (63) is located inside the reactor core storage pool (3). Height of the first siphon breaking hole (61) in the reactor core storage pool (3). (h61) and the second lowest siphon breaking hole (631) on the connecting pipe (63) The height (h63) is greater than the height (h7) of the reactor core (7); thus reactor 20 The core (7) is prevented from being exposed to air. Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the reactor cooling system according to a modification of the current application. This is the structural diagram; in this diagram both siphon breaking mechanisms (6) are siphon breaking pipes lines (62). 25 As shown in FIG. 7, a siphon is present in each of the inlet pipeline (1) and outlet pipeline (2). There are siphon breaking mechanisms (6) and both of these siphon breaking mechanisms (6) These are siphon breaking pipelines (62). The rest of the structure is the same as in FIG. 1. System When operating normally or when a security breach occurs, operating method 30 It is the same as in the applications above and will not be repeated here. Fig. 8 shows the siphon breaking pipe shown in Fig. 1, equipped with a siphon breaking valve. This is the schematic structural diagram of the line (62). As shown in FIG. 8, both the inlet pipeline (1) and the outlet pipeline (2) are siphons. It is equipped with crushing mechanisms (6). Siphon crushing on the inlet pipeline (1) 5 mechanism (6) is the first siphon breaking hole (61); siphon on the outlet pipeline (2) The breaking mechanism (6) is the siphon breaking pipeline (62). Compared with FIG. 1 The only difference is that the siphon breaking pipeline (62) contains only one siphon breaking valve; this valve, first float valve (6211) and first float valve connected with (6211) It includes the buoy (6212) and the rest of the structure is the same as the structure shown in FIG. 1. 10 The system will malfunction when operating normally or when a security breach occurs. The method is the same as in the applications above and will not be repeated here. FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of FIG. 1; in this diagram, the heat exchanger (4) and circulation There is one pump (4) of each. 15 Compared to FIG. 1, the only difference in FIG. 9 is that there is only one heat exchanger (4) and one The connection of circulation pumps (5) is the heat exchangers (4) and circulation The number of each of the pumps (5) may be one, two or more; where any There are no limitations. 20 Fig. 10 shows a sample arrangement for the reactor cooling system according to the current application. It is a schematic structural diagram; here is the siphon break on the inlet pipeline (1). The mechanism (6) is the siphon breaking pipe (62) and the siphon on the outlet pipe (2). The breaking mechanism (6) is the first siphon breaking hole (61). 25 Compared to FIG. 1, the only difference in FIG. 10 is that the inlet pipe (1) has a siphon break. equipped with pipe (62) and outlet pipe (2) a first siphon breaking hole (61( is equipped with; the rest of the structure is the same as in FIG. 1. System When operating normally or when a security breach occurs, operating method 30 It is the same as in the applications above and will not be repeated here. 16 The above are only the preferred applications of the current application and are available This is not intended to restrict the application. For technically skilled individuals, this Various changes and amendments may be made to the application. The spirit of the current application and Any changes, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the framework of these principles. The application will be included within the scope of protection. 5
Claims
17 REQUESTS The stated requirements are:
1. It is a passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon breaking; It consists of the following: 5 a heat exchanger; a circulation pump; the outlet end of the circulation pump, the inlet end of the heat exchanger. It is related to; one end is placed in the reactor core storage pool, and the other end is connected to the heat source. an inlet pipeline connected to the outlet end of the heat exchanger; 10 One end connects to the outlet of the reactor core, and the other end connects to the inlet of the circulation pump. an outlet pipeline connected to the end; and located on the inlet pipeline and / or outlet pipeline and on the inlet pipeline and / or to eliminate the siphon effect caused by a malfunction in the outlet pipeline A designed siphon breaking mechanism. 15 2. Passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon rupture according to Claim 1. being, here siphon breaking mechanism, first siphon breaking hole, connecting pipe and siphon breaking It is selected from at least one of the pipelines. 20 3. Passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon rupture according to Claim 2. being, here The siphon breaking mechanism is the first siphon breaking hole or connecting pipe. The siphon breaking mechanism is located on the inlet pipeline and the reactor core 25 It is located inside the storage pool, and inlet pipe designed to connect the reactor core to the storage pool. The connection end of the line is located on top of the reactor core.
4. Passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon rupture according to Claim 2 30 being, here One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline, and The other end extends upwards along the axial direction of the connecting pipe, 18 Multiple siphon breaking holes are created on the connecting pipe, and The axial direction of the connecting pipe, the vertical direction of the reactor core storage pool. It is the same in that respect.
5. Passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon rupture according to Claim 2. being, here The siphon breaking mechanism is the siphon breaking pipeline and One end of the siphon breaking pipeline connects to the inlet pipeline and / or the outlet pipeline. It is connected; the other end extends to the reactor core storage pool and the reactor core It moves in that direction. 10 6. Passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon rupture according to Claim 5. being, here The siphon breaking pipeline has at least one siphon breaking valve and A siphon safety valve consists of a float valve and a float connected to this valve. 15 7. Passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon rupture according to Claim 6. being, here The end of the siphon fracturing pipeline extending to the reactor core storage pool, first It is connected by a siphon breaking pipeline branch and a second siphon breaking pipeline branch, 20 The first branch siphon breaking pipeline is equipped with a first float valve, The second branch siphon breaking pipeline is fitted with a second float valve and Liquid levels corresponding to the first float valve and the second float valve, the first float valve and the second float valve are equal when both are fully open. No. 25 8. Passive reactor core protection mechanism based on siphon rupture according to Claim 2. being, here Both the inlet and outlet pipelines are equipped with siphon breaking mechanisms. and 30 One of these two siphon breaking mechanisms is the first siphon breaking hole, and the other is the siphon itself. It is a crushing pipeline. 19 9. A reactor cooling system consists of the following: a reactor core storage pool; a reactor core placed at the bottom of the reactor core storage pool; And Passive reactor core based on siphon breaking according to any of claims 1 to 8 5 It is a protective mechanism for removing heat generated by the reactor core. It is configured for this purpose.
10. According to claim 9, there is a reactor cooling system, where reactor core, reactor core 10 located on one side near the outlet pipeline It is placed in the storage pool and The reactor core has an outlet end on one side adjacent to the outlet pipeline.