BORON-DOPED QUANTUM DOT-CONTAINING DRUG NANO-CARRIER SYSTEM AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR USE IN BREAST CANCER TREATMENT.

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of boron-doped carbon quantum dots incubated with the molecule 3-(3-Benzoyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one, which can exhibit selective properties in breast tissue, as a drug delivery system and its production method.

Description

1 TARIFF BORON-ADDED FOR USE IN BREAST CANCER TREATMENT. QUANTUM DOT-CONTAINING DRUG NANOCARRIER SYSTEM AND PRODUCTION METHOD Technical Area The invention is a targeted nanodelivered drug developed for use in cancer treatment. It relates to delivery systems. More specifically, the invention involves selectivity for breast tissue. capable of showing, with the molecule 3-(3-Benzoyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one 10 incubated boron-doped carbon quantum dots as drug delivery systems It is used in biomedical, pharmaceutical and nanotechnology applications. It is receiving. State of the Art Breast cancer is a 15-year-old cancer that arises from the uncontrolled proliferation of cells in breast tissue. It is a malignant disease and most often originates from ductal or lobular structures. Diagnosis generally physical examination, imaging methods (especially mammography, ultrasound and MRI) and is confirmed by biopsy. It is the most common disease in women worldwide. It is a type of cancer that occurs, and the lifetime risk of developing it is approximately 12%. Prognosis; Depending on the stage of the disease, the biological characteristics of the tumor, and the response to treatment, 20 It varies. While survival is quite high in the early stages, it becomes significantly lower in the metastatic stage. It is decreasing in this way. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Hormone therapy and targeted therapies are available. However, these methods are not always effective. There is not enough time because drug resistance developing in tumor cells prevents treatments from being effective. Damage to tissues, inability to control metastasis, and lack of target specificity. 25 The fact that it remains limited is a significant problem. Quantum dots are nanometer-sized semiconductor structures that utilize quantum confinement. Thanks to its effect, it is a unique device that can emit light at different wavelengths depending on its size. It exhibits optical properties. Therefore, bioimaging, sensors, solar energy 30 It is used in many areas, especially carbon quantum systems and drug delivery. Points of Origin (PCI) are characterized by their low toxicity, high water solubility, and ease of use. Thanks to its functionalizable surfaces, it stands out in biomedical applications. 2 These nanoparticles target drug molecules that bind to their surfaces. Controlled release and high targeting thanks to its ability to deliver to tissues. They also provide the possibility of both imaging and treatment simultaneously. They are therefore considered "theranostic" agents, which makes them This makes it particularly attractive in cancer research. 5 Boron is a metal that exhibits semi-metallic properties and has both industrial and medical uses. It is a remarkable element. Its most important application in cancer treatment is boron neutron therapy. It stands out as Capture Therapy (BNCT). In this method, the Boron-10 isotope is used. Compounds containing these substances are loaded / accumulated in tumor cells and then attacked by neutrons. High-energy particles are emitted only in boron-containing cells by irradiation. This is how it is created. Thus, targeted cell destruction is achieved. This approach is theoretical. as a highly selective treatment option for many tumor types, including breast cancer. However, in practice, boron compounds cannot reach tumor cells in sufficient quantities. inability to transport selectively, inability to control distribution, and clinical applications 15 Due to reasons such as its limited availability, it has not yet become a widely used treatment method. Ho & Leong's work, which is part of the current state of the art, deals with quantum mechanics. This shows that these points can be used together in cancer diagnosis and treatment. In the study in question, thanks to the high fluorescence properties of these nanoparticles, 20 Tumors can be precisely visualized and targeted through surface modification. It emphasizes that the same system offers the potential for drug delivery [1]. In addition, the same system The ability to perform both imaging and treatment is presented as a significant advantage. However, a closer examination of the article reveals significant shortcomings. The article in question... Most studies are based on in vitro or animal models, human clinical studies 25 The data remains extremely limited. A significant portion of the quantum dots used... Because it contains toxic heavy metals like cadmium, long-term safety is a serious question. This forms a signal. Furthermore, the distribution, accumulation, and excretion of nanoparticles in the body are clearly defined. It is not, and although targeting efficiency appears high in theory, it remains limited in practice. For these reasons, the current state of the technique strongly suggests the potential of quantum dots. 30 Although some have suggested otherwise, in its current form, this technology is not considered reliable for cancer treatment. This indirectly shows that it is still far from being a viable solution. 3 In the current technique, the use of CCP structures with structures that exhibit long-term toxicity, The lack of applications for the use of CKN in breast cancer treatment, boron problems such as the element not being adequately delivered to cancer cells Therefore, it has become necessary to make improvements in this area. Brief Description and Objectives of the Invention In the invention, boron-doped carbon quantum dots are used to create 3-(3-Benzoyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5- obtained by incubating with carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one molecule (E1) A targetable drug delivery system is described. This system is designed for use in breast cancer. It is structured to selectively target specific tissue, and is used in cancer treatment. more efficient transport of the active substance to the target tissue, its effect on healthy tissues The aim is to minimize potential side effects and increase therapeutic efficacy. The main aim of the invention is to develop a low-toxicity vaccine for use in the treatment of breast cancer. Carbon quantum dot-based drug carrier exhibiting high anticancer properties 15 The aim is to provide these systems. In this context, the invention is boron-doped carbon quantum. 3-(3-Benzoyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5- obtained by incubating with carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one molecule (E1) It offers a targetable nanocarrier platform. With this system, traditional Risks encountered in cancer treatments include damage to healthy tissues and low bioavailability. Problems such as insufficient target tissue deposition and systemic side effects are reduced. In contrast, the active substance targets breast cancer-related tissues in a more controlled and selective manner. and ensures efficient transportation. Therefore, the invention is suitable for both drug transport. increasing its efficiency and reducing unwanted toxic effects during treatment It offers a biocompatible and functional cancer treatment platform. 25 Another aim of the invention is to create a targeted pathway that can be used in breast cancer treatment. The aim is to provide a drug delivery system. This purpose is achieved using boron-doped carbon quantum dots. 3-(3-Benzoyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carbonyl)-2H- which may show selectivity for breast tissue This is achieved by incubating with chromen-2-one molecules. Thus, the carrier 30 The system has the ability to act not only as a passive drug delivery vehicle but also to direct its drug to the target tissue. It is designed to function as an enhanced functional nanoplatform. Another aim of the invention is to prevent the appearance of healthy tissue problems seen in traditional chemotherapeutic approaches. The goal is to provide a drug delivery system that reduces damage and systemic toxicity. 4 The aim is to create carbon quantum dots with a low toxicity profile through boron doping. functionalization and support with a molecule that provides target tissue selectivity This is achieved thanks to this structure, which ensures a healthy distribution of drugs or therapeutic load. accumulation at higher rates in target areas such as breast tissue instead of other tissues This is ensured, thus reducing the potential for side effects. 5 Another aim of the invention is to develop a drug delivery system that exhibits high anticancer efficacy. The aim is to achieve this by using boron-doped carbon quantum dots in cancer treatment. suitable surface properties for use, high drug loading capacity and This is achieved by evaluating it together with the advantages of biocompatibility. Also 3-(3-10 Incubation with benzoyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one molecule, drug by increasing the ability of the delivery system to target tissues associated with breast cancer It contributes to the concentration of anticancer activity in the target area. Another purpose of the invention is to enhance the bioavailability of the active substance in drug delivery. The aim is to provide the system. This purpose involves carbon quantum dots of the therapeutic agent. This is accomplished by carrying the material on or in relation to these points. Thanks to the nanoscale carrier structure in the invention, the solubility and stability of the active substance are improved. Circulation time and efficiency in reaching the target tissue are increased. This allows for lower... A more effective treatment compared to traditional drug applications that demonstrate bioavailability 20 the approach is provided. Another aim of the invention is to create a nanocarrier with high drug delivery capacity. The invention involves providing a system with a large surface area of ​​carbon quantum dots. Surface functionalizability and structural / chemical properties achieved through boron doping 25 This objective is achieved by utilizing its properties. Thus, the therapeutic agent... More effective association with the delivery system, more adequate delivery to the target tissue. This makes it possible to transport larger quantities and increase the effectiveness of treatment. Another aim of the invention is to develop biocompatible and controlled 30 for breast cancer treatment. The aim is to provide a new generation of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems that can function effectively. This objective is... Boron-doped carbon quantum dots exhibit low toxicity, good biocompatibility, and This is achieved by combining it with targetability features. Thus In cancer treatment, it both increases therapeutic efficacy and improves the safety profile. An alternative platform to overcome the limitations of existing drug delivery systems. It is presented. Explanation of the Figures Figure 1: Apoptosis test findings for A549 cell line F2 and F2-E1 5 Figure 2: H-TERT cell line F2 – F2-E1 apoptosis test findings Figure 3: Findings of MCF-7 cell line F2, F2-E1 apoptosis test. Figure 4: Effects of F2 and F2-E1 formulations on the viability of MCF-7 cells. Figure 5: Effects of F2 and F2-E1 formulations on h-TERT cell viability. Detailed Description of the Invention The invention could be used to treat cancer types associated with breast cancer tissue. A nanocarrier system and production method based on boron-doped carbon quantum dots. This system is related to the low targeting capability of current drug delivery approaches. Limited bioavailability, toxicity in healthy tissues, and inadequate drug delivery capacity. 15 It was developed to overcome these disadvantages. Providing cancer treatment by inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells, high bioavailability, high targeting capability and cytotoxicity against healthy tissues The low-capacity drug delivery system is a high-boron-doped carbon quantum dot. It contains 20. In one application of the invention, the drug delivery system described in the invention is used with 3-(3-Benzoyl-1-phenyl- 1H-pyrazole-5-carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one molecule (E1) is transported by incubation. In another application of the invention, drugs delivered by this system could be used for anticancer purposes. These properties are possessed by cisplatin or doxrubicin. The manufacturing method of the drug delivery system described in the invention is as follows: i. 0.2 g citric acid monohydrate, 0.2 g boric acid, 0.005 g L-cysteine, 1 mL distillate Water is drawn into a G30 vial and stirred in a magnetic stirrer. ii. In the microwave reactor, the temperature is raised to 140-160°C in 5-10 minutes, 20 With a reaction time of 30 minutes and a cooling setting to 50-80°C, initiation of synthesis, iii. Boron-doped composite carbon quantum dot drug obtained after synthesis the carrier system passes through a 0.22 micrometer membrane filter It includes the steps involved in the process. 6 An application of the manufacturing method of the drug delivery system described in the invention, i. 0.2 g citric acid monohydrate, 0.2 g boric acid, 0.005 g L-cysteine, 1 mL distillate Water is drawn into a G30 vial and stirred in a magnetic stirrer. ii. In the microwave reactor, the temperature is raised to 140°C in 5 minutes, and then for 20 minutes... By adjusting the reaction time and cooling to 60°C, the synthesis is 5. initiation, iii. Boron-doped composite carbon quantum dot drug obtained after synthesis the carrier system passes through a 0.22 micrometer membrane filter It includes the steps involved in the process. In one application of the invention, the drug delivery system in question carries 3-(3-Benzoyl-1- Production method of phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one molecule, i. 1 mmol of acetophenone and 1.2 mmol of 100 mL of 25 ... Dimethylformamide dimethylacetal reagent is added, and 20 mL of this mixture is then poured in. adding xylene and boiling under reflux for 24 hours, 15 ii. After the reaction, the reaction flask is left to cool in the refrigerator for one day. abandonment, iii. The solid material that settles in the reaction flask is filtered by creating a vacuum, resulting in a yellow color. After the colored raw precipitate is dried in a vacuum desiccator over P2O5 then the compound (E)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one was obtained, 20 iv. In another container, 1 mmol of aniline is dissolved in hydrochloric acid to form its amine salt. After conversion, an equivalent amount of sodium nitrite in water conversion to diazonium salt by reacting it with the solution at 0°C, v. This diazonium salt solution is used in a reaction where the temperature is stabilized at 0°C. 1 mmol of (E)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-arylprop-2-en-1-one in the flask and 1 mmol of 25 Adding sodium acetate drop by drop to a solution of ethanol, five After a few minutes, the yellow diazo compound that precipitates in the reaction medium is removed via vacuum. filtering with the help of water, purifying the filtered product by washing it with ethanol, and (E)-3-oxo-3-phenyl-2-(2- by drying on P2O5 in a vacuum desiccator Obtaining the compound propanal (phenylhydrazinilidene), 30 vi. 40 mL of 1 mmol (E)-3-oxo-3-phenyl-2-(2-phenylhydrazinilidene) propanal compound dissolved in acetone, then 1.20 mmol of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate and 1.00 Addition of mmol potassium carbonate and magnetic stirring of the reaction mixture. boiling on top and under condenser for 24 hours, 7 vii. Filtration of the insoluble substance in the reaction medium at the end of the reaction. being removed by filtering, viii. Removal of the solvent from the filtrate by means of a rotary evaporator, 1-propanol is added to the remaining raw product and left at room temperature. mixing, 5 ix. Filtration of the precipitate under vacuum and crystallization using 1-propanol. with the formation of the compound ethyl 3-(3-benzoyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-yl)-3-oxopropanoate being done, x. 1 mmol Ethyl 3-(3-benzoyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole- in a 100 mL reaction flask 5-yl)-3-oxopropanoate compound, 1 mmol salicyl aldehyde derivative reagent, 30 mL 10 Dissolved in methanol or CHCl3, and 5% catalytic amount of piperazine added. being done, xi. After the reaction mixture is boiled under reflux for 24 hours The yellow precipitate that settles in the reaction medium is removed with the help of a water pump. extracted by filtering, 15 xii. Washing the precipitate with chloroform, acetonitrile and diethyl ether, respectively, then Purification by crystallization with a 20:1 DMF-water solvent pair. Afterwards, drying on P2O5 in a vacuum desiccator results in 3-(3-Benzoil-1- Synthesis of the compound phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one It includes the steps of the process. 20 The invention includes MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 for apoptosis – cell cycle analysis. Breast cancer cell lines were counted and placed in 6-well plates with appropriate culture medium. The seeds were seeded in a 300x10³ pattern on a plate and incubated for 24 hours. Afterwards... The medium in the wells was aspirated and the dose that kills 50% of the cells found (IC50) was 25. The solution was applied to the cells by suspending it in culture medium. The control group received only the solution. Culture media were applied. After 48 hours, the culture media were removed. Wells 1X It was washed with concentrated PBS buffer. The PBS in question was phosphate buffered. 800 mL of saline buffer, 8 g NaCl, 0.2 g KCl, 1.44 g disodium phosphate. Dissolving in distilled water, adjusting the pH to 7.4, and adding water to the volume to 1 liter yields 30. It is prepared. 400 μL of trypsin is added to each well, causing the cells to move away from the plate surface. The embryos were incubated for 5 minutes to allow for separation. After this time, Fetal Bovine Serum was administered. The medium containing (FBS) was applied to the cells, collected, and centrifuged. Centrifugation Finally, the supernatant was discarded, the pellet was suspended in 1X binding solution for 5 minutes. 8 It was centrifuged. After centrifugation, the supernatant was discarded and 3 μL of anexin V and 2 μL of other preparations were added. Propidium iodide dye is added and left for 15 minutes at room temperature in a dark environment. It was left to stand. At the end of the waiting period, measurements were immediately taken on the device. Cell cycle, cancer Identifying abnormal DNA cell sequences in cells, estimating the associated DNA index. It was used to determine the cell phase distribution in these cell lines. 5 The cells were centrifuged at 500 rpm for 5 minutes. After centrifugation... The supernatant was removed. 1 mL of PBS buffer solution was added to the pellet and left for 5 minutes. It was centrifuged at 500 g. The cell concentration was then reduced to 1 x 10⁶ cells / ml. It was adjusted. Then, sperm containing trypsin was placed in tetrahydrochloride detergent buffer. Solution A was added and incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes. Then 200 µL of 10 Solution B, containing RNAse A and trypsin inhibitor, was added to the sperm buffer. After incubation is complete, sperm is placed on top of them in a buffer containing propidium iodide. Solution C was added and left in the dark for 10 minutes. E1 to the BKKN formulation. An apoptosis experiment was performed by applying substance E1. Formulations and empty formulations were used on A549, h-TERT and MCF–7 cell lines for 15 days. Comparisons were made by applying this method. As shown in Table 1, in cell line A549. BKKN maintained 97.71% cell viability, while BKKN-E1 maintained 96.18% cell viability. It is seen that it protects. As shown in Figure 1, F2-E1 3.42% late apoptosis, Early apoptosis is observed in 0.39% of cases. As shown in Table 2, h-TERT cells... In the line, BKKN preserved 96.71% of cell viability, while BKKN-E1 preserved 96.61% of cell viability. It appears to have maintained its viability. As shown in Figure 2, BKKN-E1 was present at 1.62%. Apoptosis occurs in 0.90% of cases, with early apoptosis observed in 0.90%. As shown in Table 3, MCF-7 In the cell line BKKN, 98.21% cell viability was observed, while in BKKN-E1, it was 96.81%. Cell viability is observed. As shown in Figure 3, 1.82% late apoptosis in BKKN-E1, Early apoptosis is observed in 0.90%. Late apoptosis is observed in 0.21% of BKKN and late apoptosis in 1.33%. Apoptosis is observed. Table 1. Apoptosis test results for the A549 cell line. A549 Cell Line Necrotic cell Live cell Late apoptosis Early apoptosis Control 0.22% 99.63% 0.08% 0.07% F2 0.47% 97.71% 1.30% 0.52% F2-E1 0% 96.18% 0.39% 3.42% F2: Boron-doped quantum dots, F2-E1: Boron-doped quantum dots + E1 complex 9 Table 2. H-TERT cell line apoptosis test results. h-TERT Cell Line Necrotic cell Live cell Late apoptosis Early apoptosis Control 0.01% 99.99% 0.0% 0.0% F2 0.53% 96.71% 0.78% 1.99% F2-E1 0.46% 96.01% 1.82% 0.90% F2: Boron-doped quantum dots, F2-E1: Boron-doped quantum dots + E1 complex Table 3. MCF-7 cell line apoptosis test results 5 MCF-7 Cell Line Necrotic cell Live cell Late apoptosis Early apoptosis Control 0% 99.93% 0.01% 0.06% F2 0.26% 98.21% 0.21% 1.33% F2-E1 0.31% 94.23% 0% 5.46% F2: Boron-doped quantum dots, F2-E1: Boron-doped quantum dots + E1 complex For cell viability studies, F2 and F2-E1 formulations were used at 31, 25; 62, 5; 125, 250, 500, MCF-7, A549 and h-TERT cell lines were injected at concentrations of 1000, 2000 and 4000 µg / ml. This was applied to MCF-7 cell 10 as shown in the graph in Figure 4 and the values ​​in Table 4. The F2-E1 treatment applied to the line maintains 89.93% cell viability. H-TERT Table 5 shows the MTT test values ​​for the F2 and F2-E1 formulations applied to the cell line. and its graph is shown in Figure 5. The graph is shown in Figure 4 and the values ​​are shown in Table 4. F2-E1 applied to the MCF-7 cell line resulted in an 89.93% cell viability rate. It protects. 15 Table 4. Findings on F2 and F2-E1 cell viability in the MCF-7 cell line. F2 F2-E1 Concentration Average % Life % Inhibition Average % Viability % Inhibition 4000 µg / mL 0.663± 0.0946 18.41± 2.6250 81,59 2,6250 0,851 0,1519 23,63 4,2170 76,37 4,2170 2000 µg / mL 0,904 0,0589 25,10 1,6348 74,90 1,6348 0,998 0,1020 27,71 2,8323 72,29 2,8323 1000 µg / mL 1,139 0,1491 31,62 4,1379 68,38 4,1379 1,357 0,0588 37,67 1,6321 62,33 1,6321 500 µg / mL 1,355 0,0409 37,62 1,1358 62,38 1,1358 1,598 0,0627 44,36 1,7415 55,64 1,7415 250 µg / mL 1,582 0,0156 43,92 0,4321 56.08 0.4321 1,888 0.0943 52.42 2.6167 47.58 2.6167 125 µg / mL 1,866 0.0853 51.80 2.3670 48.20 2.3670 2,375 0,550 65.94 1.5267 34.06 1.5267 62.5 µg / mL 2.412 0.0601 66.96 1.6678 33.04 1.6678 2,832 0.9438 78.62 1.2170 21.38 1.2170 31.25 ug / mL 3.103 0.1908 86.15 5.2969 13.85 5.2969 3,232 0.0970 89.73 2.6915 10.27 2.6915 Control 3,602 0.1906 99,661 2.2659 0.338± 2.2659 3.602± 0.1906 99,661± 2.2659 0.338± 2.2659 F2: Boron-doped quantum dots, F2-E1: Boron-doped quantum dots + E1 complex Table 5. Findings on the viability of F2 and F2-E1 cells applied to the H-TERT cell line. F2 F2-E1 Concentration Average % Viability % Inhibition Average % Viability % Inhibition 4000 µg / mL 0.721± 0.1025 35.33± 4.9529 64,674± 4.9529 0.514± 0.1565 25,187± 7.5633 74,816± 7.5633 2000 µg / mL 1.107± 0.0181 54.24 ± 0.8769 45,762± 0.8769 0.802± 0.0693 39,294 3.3480 60,706± 3,3480 1000 µg / mL 1,37 0,0308 67,12 1,4885 32,876 1,4885 1,031 0,0638 50,514 3,0822 49,486 3,0822 500 µg / mL 1,490 0,038 73,00 1,9881 26,997 1,9881 1,277 0,0632 62,567 3,0514 37,433 3,0514 250 µg / mL 1,643 0,0739 80,50 3,5695 19,500 3,5695 1,446 0,0461 70,848 2,2260 29,152 2,2260 125 µg / mL 1,904 0,114 93,29 0,5488 6,712 0,5488 1,558 0,0463 76,335 2,2375 23,665± 2.2375 62.5 µg / mL 1.964± 0.0300 96.28± 1.4498 3.773± 1.4498 1.669± 0.0096 81,774± 0.4643 18,226 0.4643 31.25 µg / mL 1.98± 0.0293 97.01± 1.4148 2.989± 1.4148 1.936± 0.0684 94,855± 3.3059 5,145± 3.3059 Control 2.041± 0.2430 99,833± 9.3600 0.166± 9.3600 2.041± 0.2430 99,833± 9.3600 0.166± 9.3600 F2: Boron-doped quantum dots, F2-E1: Boron-doped quantum dots + E1 complex Table 6. Findings on F2 and F2-E1 cell viability in the A549 cell line. F2 F2-E1 Concentration Average % Viability % Inhibition Average % Viability % Inhibition 4000 µg / mL 0.525± 0.0451 18.35± 1.5755 81.65± 1.5755 0.339± 0.0396 11.85± 1.3834 88.15± 1.3834 2000 µg / mL 0.923± 0.0506 32.26± 1.7697 67.74± 1.7697 0.696± 0.0193 24.38± 0.6743 75.67± 0.6743 1000 µg / mL 1.529± 0.1749 53.44± 6.1126 46.56± 6.1126 1,281± 0.0403 44.78± 1.4072 55.23 ± 1.4072 500 µg / mL 1.885± 0.0087 65.89± 0.3053 34.11± 0.3053 1,617 0,0452 56,52 1,5788 43,48 1,5788 250 µg / mL 1,931 0,0300 67,49 1,0486 32,51 1,0486 2,03 0,0833 70,95 2,9099 29,05 2,9099 125 µg / mL 1,988 0,149 69,49 0,5219 30,51 0,5219 2,486 0,0702 86,89 2,4536 13,11 2,4536 62,5 µg / mL 2,382 0,0667 83,26 2,3310 16,74 2,3310 2,618 0,0267 91,51 0,9340 8,49 0,9340 11 31,25 µg / mL 2,553 0,1582 89,23 5.5302 10.77± 5.5302 2.736± 0.0648 95.63± 2.2650 4.37± 2.2650 Control 2.861± 0.0952 100.18± 3.2314 0.297± 3.2314 2,861± 0.0952 100.18± 3.2314 0.297± 3.2314 F2: Boron-doped quantum dots, F2-E1: Boron-doped quantum dots + E1 complex Unstained cells, stained cells, and boron composite CCPs for apoptosis and cell cycle tests. and cell lines treated with boron-doped KKN-E1 complex formulation were compared (Figures 1–3). In the MCF-7 cell line, the boron-doped KKN-E1 complex had a 5 compared to healthy, dyed, and boron-doped cell lines treated with KKN formulation, boron-doped KKN drives cells into early apoptosis, increasing cell viability. It was found to reduce the reduction by 4% according to the formulation (Figure 3). Similarly, A549 Boron-doped KKN-E1 complex formulation applied to the cell line, boron-doped KKN, It was observed that it drove the stained cells into early apoptosis compared to the control group. 10 (Figure 1). However, there was no significant difference in h-TERT, a healthy breast tissue cell line. no such observation was made (Figure 2). This situation indicates that the boron-doped KKN-E1 complex formulation... It has been shown to be selective against cancer cells. Boron-doped 15-dose treatment applied to MCF-7, a breast cancer cell line shown in Figure 4. The composite KKN-E1 formulation was used with the healthy breast cell line shown in Figure 5. According to the boron-doped KKN-E1 formulation applied to h-TERT, it is higher at each dose. It appears to cause cell death. This is consistent with the results of apoptosis. The boron-doped KKN-E1 formulation is selective against cancer cells. It shows. 20 30 12 References [1] Ho YP, Leong KM. “Quantum dot-based theranostics”. Nanoscale, 2010,2, 60-68. 10 20 30

Claims

13 REQUESTS 1. Inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells for cancer treatment. for use, with high bioavailability, targeting capability and healthy Low cytotoxicity to tissues, high boron-doped carbon quantum dot 5 Drug delivery system.

2. Inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells for cancer treatment. It is a drug delivery system according to Claim 1 for use, and its characteristic feature is that the transported The drug is incubated with the drug delivery system which is the subject of the invention, 3-(3-Benzoyl-1-phenyl-1H- pyrazole-5-carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one molecule or cisplatin or doxrubicin 10 It is the fact that.

3. Inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells for cancer treatment. a method for manufacturing a drug delivery system according to Claim 1 for use feature, i. 0.2 g citric acid monohydrate, 0.2 g boric acid, 0.005 g L-cysteine, 1 mL distilled 15 Water is drawn into a G30 vial and stirred in a magnetic stirrer. ii. In the microwave reactor, the temperature is raised to 140-160°C in 5-10 minutes, reaction time in minutes and cooling to 50-80°C is set. initiating the synthesis, iii. Boron-doped composite carbon quantum dot 20 obtained after synthesis drug delivery system passing through a 0.22 micrometer membrane filter It includes the steps of the process.

4. Inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells for cancer treatment. a method for manufacturing a drug delivery system according to Claim 3 for use feature 25 i. 0.2 g citric acid monohydrate, 0.2 g boric acid, 0.005 g L-cysteine, 1 mL distillate Water is drawn into a G30 vial and stirred in a magnetic stirrer. ii. In the microwave reactor, the temperature is raised to 140°C in 5 minutes, and then for 20 minutes... Synthesis by adjusting the reaction time and cooling to 60°C initiation, 30 iii. boron-doped composite carbon quantum dot obtained after synthesis drug delivery system passing through a 0.22 micrometer membrane filter It includes the steps of the process.

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