Intramedullary nailing system with internally deploying mechanism for minor bone fractures.

Abstract

This invention relates to intramedullary bone fixation systems used in the field of orthopedics and traumatology, and specifically concerns an internally deployed intramedullary nail system developed for the surgical treatment of small bone fractures such as metacarpal, metatarsal, and phalangeal fractures. Current intramedullary fixation methods for small bones have technical problems such as insufficient rotational stability, the need for additional locking elements, implant migration, inadequate compression, and the need for extensive surgical dissection. Furthermore, due to limited intraosseous stabilization in classic intramedullary nails, additional plate or screw support may be required in some cases. The system developed within the scope of this invention includes an intramedullary nail structure that can be advanced into the bone medullary canal using a minimally invasive method. After reaching the target area, it can be mechanically activated and opened in a controlled manner in its distal and / or proximal sections. Thanks to the opened segments, the contact surface with the inner bone surface is increased, providing axial and rotational stability, reducing implant backmigration, and decreasing the need for additional locking elements. The invention offers advantages over existing techniques thanks to its modular structure adaptable to different bone anatomies, controlled expansion mechanism, application with minimal soft tissue damage, and the ability to be closed and removed when necessary. The system can be used in trauma surgery, reconstructive surgery, and small bone osteosynthesis applications.

Description

1 TARIFF Intramedullary nailing system with internally deploying mechanism for minor bone fractures. Technical Area 5 This invention relates to bone fixation implants used in the field of orthopedics and traumatology. This includes surgical treatment of small bone fractures, particularly those of the metacarpal, metatarsal, phalangeal, scaphoid, and similar bones. used in treatment, after being advanced through the bone medullary canal in a controlled manner The invention relates to an intramedullary nail system that provides stabilization by opening. The invention also includes small It was developed for use in bone arthrodesis procedures. 10 State of the Art Intramedullary nail systems have been used for many years in long bones such as the femur, tibia, and humerus. It is used in the surgical treatment of fractures. However, existing intramedullary systems... The majority are designed to conform to the anatomy of long bones, while in small bones there are 15 It has various technical shortcomings in terms of usability. In current systems used for small bones, implant migration is inadequate. rotational stability, need for additional locking, limited compression capacity, and Problems such as anatomical discrepancies arise, particularly in the metaphyseal regions. In arthrodesis procedures, failure to achieve stable compression leads to a decrease in surgical success. This can be the reason. Classic Kirschner strings do not provide sufficient stabilization, the strings return Migration can occur, and long-term immobilization may be required. Plate-screw In these systems, however, there is a need for extensive surgical dissection, soft tissue irritation, and periosteal problems. There are disadvantages such as impaired circulation and implant prominence. 25 The current long bone intramedullary nails, however, vary in diameter, size, opening geometry, and anatomical features. Due to compatibility issues, it is not suitable for use on small bones. Therefore, small bones a minimally invasive, controlled implant designed specifically for the patient's anatomy, placed inside the bone. a novel intramedullary system that can provide stabilization and compression by opening in this way It is needed. 30 Purpose of the Invention The aim of this invention is to surgically treat small bone fractures and small joint arthrodeses. Developed for use in treatment, a minimally invasive procedure performed via the bone medullary canal. It can be placed using this method and, after reaching the target area, it is opened in a controlled manner and inserted into the bone. 35 The goal is to develop an intramedullary nail system that provides adhesion to the surface. 2 Other purposes of the invention are as follows:  To increase rotational stability,  To bring the fractured ends closer together,  To create compression at the arthrodesis line, 40  To reduce implant migration,  To reduce or eliminate the need for additional locking screws,  Can be applied with minimal soft tissue damage,  Ability to adapt to small bone anatomies,  Can be removed by closing it again when needed, 45  To reduce the surgical procedure time,  To reduce complication rates,  To ensure stable osteosynthesis in metaphyseal regions. Disclosure of the Invention 50 The system described in the invention consists of an intramedullary nail body, activation mechanism, and deployable mechanism. It consists of segments and stabilizing expansion elements. The pin system is advanced in a closed position into the small bony medullary canal. Once the prong reaches the target anatomical region, the internal mechanism is activated via the activation cap. It is being operated and the segments located in the distal and / or proximal section are being moved outwards in a controlled manner. 55 It opens correctly. The opened segments contact the inner cortex of the bone, providing axial and rotational stabilization. This creates an open structure that reduces the migration of the implant within the bone. and stable osteosynthesis is achieved at the fracture line. The system will also create compression at the fracture line or on the arthrodesis surface. It is designed in this way. Post-activation expansion effect and intramedullary attachment. Thanks to this, the fractured ends come closer together and stable contact is ensured in the fusion line. The invention specifically;  metacarpal fractures,  metatarsal fractures, 65  phalangeal fractures,  scaphoid fractures,  small bone metaphyseal fractures,  interphalangeal arthrodesis,  metatarsophalangeal arthrodesis, 70  It is designed for use in applications such as minor joint fusion surgeries. Within the scope of this invention, expandable segments can be produced in different geometries. Segments;  wing-shaped,  petal-shaped, 75 3 • Elastic sleeves, • fissured,  They can be arranged in expandable structures. The activation system is as follows:  screw mechanism, 80  pull system,  conical expander mechanism,  rotary activation mechanism,  It can be designed as a spring-supported system. The nail system is made of titanium, stainless steel, nitinol, or similar biocompatible materials. 85 It can be produced. The system described in this invention can be manufactured in different lengths and diameters and is suitable for small bones. It has a modular structure to adapt to their anatomy. The system uses minimally invasive techniques. It can be implemented and, if necessary, reversed by operating the activation mechanism. It can be removed by closing it. 90 Advantages Provided by the Invention The system described in this invention offers the following advantages:  Specially designed for small bone anatomy, 95  Possibility of minimally invasive application,  High rotational stability,  A structure that allows the fracture ends to come closer together,  Ability to create compression at the arthrodesis line,  Reduced need for additional locking screws, 100  Reducing implant migration,  Less soft tissue damage,  Ease of implementation,  Removable structure when needed,  Effective stabilization in small bone metaphyseal regions. 105 Explanation of the Images Figure 1: Perspective of an intramedullary nail with an internally deployed mechanism in the closed position. appearance. Figure 2: View of the intramedullary nail inserted into the small bony medullary canal. 110 Figure 3: Outward orientation of the expandable segments after activation of the activation mechanism. The appearance of it expanding. 4 Figure 4: Axial and rotational contact of the opened segments with the inner cortex of the bone. Cross-sectional view showing the stabilization it provides. Figure 5: Schematic view showing the steps of the activation mechanism. 115  Figure 5-(1): Closed initial position of the intramedullary nail.  Figure 5-(2): Rotation phase of the activation head.  Figure 5-(3): The stage where the internal mechanism moves distally.  Figure 5-(4): The stage at which the expandable segments begin to expand.  Figure 5-(5): Final position where the segments are fully opened and stabilization occurs. 120 Industrial Applicability The system in question is used in orthopedic trauma surgery, hand surgery, and foot-ankle surgery. and is suitable for use in small joint arthrodesis surgery. The system is an existing medical implant 125 Suitable for mass production with production technologies and using biocompatible materials. It can be manufactured. The invention has applicable features in the medical device and orthopedic implant industries. It carries. 130 135 140

Claims

REQUESTS Claim 1: Surgical treatment of minor bone fractures and / or minor joint arthrodesis. Developed for use in; a 145 that can be placed inside the bony medullary canal. intramedullary nail body, activation positioned on the nail body in question its mechanism and, after activation, it opens outwards and makes contact with the inner surface of the bone, at least an intramedullary nail with an internally deployable mechanism characterized by containing an expandable segment system. 150 Claim 2: Intramedullary nail system as per Claim 1, in the distal section of the expandable segments. A system characterized by its positioning. Claim 3: Intramedullary nail system as per Claim 1 or 2, with expandable segments. A system characterized by its positioning in the proximal and / or distal sections. 155 Request 4: Intramedullary nail system according to any of the previous requests, activation Its mechanism includes a rotary screw system, a pulling system, a conical expander system, and a spring-assisted system. A system characterized by being composed of, or a combination of, these. Request 5: An intramedullary nail system, expandable 160, according to any of the previous requests. segments in wing, petal, elastic arm, slotted or expandable geometric structures A system characterized by its design. Request 6: Intramedullary nail system according to any of the previous requests, activation Afterwards, the opened segments make contact with the inner cortex of the bone, providing axial and rotational movement. 165 A system characterized by its ability to provide stabilization. Claim 7: An intramedullary nailing system, as per any of the previous claims, at the fracture line. and / or characterized by its structure that creates compression on the arthrodesis surface. The system used. 170 Request 8: An intramedullary nail system, or implant, according to any of the previous requests. It is expandable and provides multi-point attachment to the inner surface of the bone in a way that reduces migration. A system characterized by containing segments. 175 6 Claim 9: Intramedullary nail system according to any of the previous claims, metacarpal, In fractures of the metatarsal, phalangeal, scaphoid and other small bones and / or arthrodesis A system characterized by its sizing for use in various applications. Claim 10: An intramedullary nail system, made of titanium, 180, according to any of the previous claims. Characterized by being manufactured from stainless steel, nitinol, or biocompatible metal alloys. system. Claim 11: An intramedullary nail system, minimal, as per any of the previous claims. 185 characterized by its structure with a diameter and length that can be applied with invasive surgical techniques. the system that was used. Request 12: Intramedullary nail system according to any of the previous requests, activation By reversing the operation of the mechanism, the open segments can be closed again. A system characterized by having a removable structure that provides 190. Claim 13: An intramedullary nail system according to any of the previous claims, specifically To provide stable osteosynthesis in small bone metaphyseal fractures and small joint arthrodesis. a system characterized by its structure. 195 200 205

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