MAGNETO-OPTICAL RESONANCE AND SPECTROSCOPIC BLOOD SUGAR MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-invasive glucose measurement system and measurement method that performs glucose measurement without drawing blood from the fingertip. The system includes a magnetodynamic resonance unit that generates a variable magnetic field of 0.1–1 mT intensity in the kHz–MHz frequency band over the fingertip tissue, an optical spectroscopy unit that emits optical radiation in the 1,500–2,500 nm wavelength range over the same tissue volume, a finger contact pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor, forming an environmental sensing matrix, along with a microprocessor / calibration architecture. The microprocessor / calibration architecture separates the magnetically stimulated modulated optical signal components by performing phase-coherent analysis between the magnetic stimulation frequency and the optical signal received from the photodetector, and compensates this signal with pressure, temperature, and humidity data to produce a glucose concentration output.This allows for repeatable, user-friendly, and environmentally minimized non-invasive glucose measurement via the fingertip.

Description

MAGNETO-OPTICAL RESONANCE AND SPECTROSCOPIC BLOOD SUGAR MONITORING SYSTEM TECHNICAL FIELD The invention involves non-invasive methods of extracting tissue from living organisms. Medical devices, sensor architectures, and that perform biochemical parameter determination. It relates to signal processing methods. Specifically, the invention involves blood flow from the fingertip. low-intensity variable glucose (CIV) analysis to determine glucose levels without administration Magnetic field stimulation and optical spectroscopy measurements are performed simultaneously on the same tissue volume. performing this function in real time; finger contact pressure sensor, temperature sensor and Magneto-optical resonance calibration that calibrates the measurement signal with data from the humidity sensor. and spectroscopic blood glucose measurement system and the measurement method applied with this system It is related. STATE OF THE ART In the known state of the technique, glucose measurement is commonly done by fingertip testing. puncture and analysis of the blood sample using electrochemical test strips It is based on this principle. These methods are invasive and cause pain and infection risk to the user. Disadvantages include the need for consumables and limited comfort of continuous measurement. This leads to the development of optical spectroscopy for non-invasive glucose measurement. Systems based on infrared spectroscopy have been developed. These systems generally utilize near-infrared spectroscopy. (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infrared Spectroscopy (SWIR) are prominent. However Optical methods examine the interaction of light with the skin layers (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis). high optical scattering and glucose dispersal of water, lipid and protein molecules in the tissue It has a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) because it masks the signals. Water molecules, especially in the interstitial (between tissue) fluid, facilitate glucose absorption. By generating strong peaks that overlap with the bands, it critically affects measurement accuracy. It is damaging. On the other hand, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Paramagnetic... Although electromagnetic resonance imaging (EPR) based systems offer high sensitivity in molecular discrimination, they need a high and stable magnetic field strength (constant at the Tesla level) due to magnets or superconducting coils, finger-sized or wearable. It cannot be reduced in size. 1. In the current state of the art, magnetic field and optical measurement are also combined. Although some systems exist that bring about magnetic field variation, in these systems the magnetic field is often absent. It is used to determine the optical path length or polarization change; Glucose measurement is essentially based on the processing of optical spectroscopy data. Therefore, in small and variable biological tissues like fingertips, pressure, humidity, Measurement deviations due to temperature and individual tissue differences are not adequately accounted for. It cannot be resolved. Therefore, in terms of technique, a portable device can be used via the fingertip without drawing blood. with its device architecture, at low magnetic field strength, it matches the optical spectroscopy signal. a system that works within a time frame, performing environmental compensation using pressure, temperature, and humidity data, There is a need for a repeatable and user-friendly glucose monitoring system. THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM THAT THE INVENTION AIMED TO SOLVE The invention aims to provide a precise glucose level measurement via the fingertip without drawing blood. a system and measurement that enables repeatable and user-friendly measurement The goal is to improve the method. Another aim of the invention is non-invasive glucose testing based on optical spectroscopy. The low signal-to-noise ratio encountered in the measurements, water-induced optical masking, The aim is to reduce the effect of tissue scattering and individual physiological differences on the measurement result. Another aim of the invention is to reduce mechanical contact pressure applied to the fingertip, affecting the skin. parameters such as temperature and humidity level are evaluated together with the measurement signal. thanks to deviations caused by optical path length and perfusion variations to reduce. Another aim of the invention is to use a magnetodynamic resonance unit for optical spectroscopy. by directing the unit to the same finger tissue volume, simultaneously with magnetic stimulation. The aim is to enable the phase-coherent analysis of the received optical signals. Another aim of the invention is to make the sensor modules interchangeable and modular. This ensures the reliability of the device in terms of maintenance, calibration, and long-term use. to increase. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The system described in the invention consists of a device into which the fingertip to be measured is inserted. finger socket, at least one magnetodynamic element surrounding the finger socket in question resonance unit, at least one optical spectroscopy unit directed at the same tissue volume, The environmental sensor consists of a 2-finger contact pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor. a sensing matrix that processes the data received from these units It includes a microprocessor / calibration architecture. The magnetodynamic resonance unit detects 0.1–1 mT on finger tissue. It produces a variable magnetic field in terms of intensity and frequency band (kHz–MHz). (Optical) The spectroscopy unit uses magnetic stimulation simultaneously with a wavelength of 1,500–2,500 nm. transmitting optical radiation within a certain length range and obtaining an optical response from the tissue. It detects through a photodetector. Phase-coherent analysis between magnetic excitation frequency and optical signal in the system. is being done and consists only of optical signal components modulated by magnetic stimulation. They are separated. In this way, static texture noise, water-induced background signal, and Deviations caused by finger positioning are reduced. The invention also includes a finger contact pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor. The data received from the sensor is converted into an optical signal by the microprocessor / calibration architecture. It is used in its correction. Thus, finger pressure, skin temperature, sweating and The impact of individual tissue differences on measurement accuracy is reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invented glucose measurement system uses a finger test without the need for blood sampling. The system was developed to determine glucose concentration through its tip. A finger slot is created on the main body of the device, the finger slot a magnetodynamic resonance unit positioned to surround the optics spectroscopy unit, environmental sensing matrix, and microprocessor / calibration architecture. It includes. The finger rest ensures a stable and repeatable position of the fingertip during measurement. It is structured in such a way as to keep it in that position. Thus, the optical radiation the volume of tissue through which the magnetic field passes or is reflected and the volume of tissue to which the magnetic field is applied The measurements are made to coincide in the same region. The magnetodynamic resonance unit surrounds the finger socket or the finger It contains at least one magnetic field generating coil located near its end. The subject is a magnetodynamic resonance unit, 0.1–1 mT on finger tissue. It produces a magnetic field of varying intensity and frequency in the kHz–MHz band. magnetic field, magnetic stimulation of glucose molecules in the tissue volume being measured It is implemented in a way that allows for the modulation of the optical response. 3 optical spectroscopy units emitting radiation in the wavelength range of 1,500–2,500 nm. at least one light source and capable of detecting the optical signal passing through or reflected from the tissue It includes at least one photodetector. The optical spectroscopy unit is a magnetodynamic unit. It will work simultaneously with the resonance unit and scan the same finger tissue volume. It is positioned in this way. The invention includes a magnetodynamic resonance unit and an optical spectroscopy unit. Not as two separate sets of sensors making independent and sequential measurements, but as the same tissue It operates as a unified measurement architecture that generates simultaneous data across its volume. Thanks to the structure, the periodic change in the optical signal caused by the magnetic excitation frequency is observed. It is correlated with and glucose-dependent optical components from the background tissue signal. Separation is made easier. The microprocessor / calibration architecture comes from the magnetodynamic resonance unit. Simultaneously with the stimulation frequency information, the optical signal received from the photodetector. It operates within the microprocessor / calibration architecture using latching-on sensing. the module, optical signal components phase-coherent with the modulation frequency of the magnetic field separating; static texture noise, water-induced background signal and environmentally induced noise. It suppresses optical aberrations. Environmental sensing matrix, finger contact pressure sensor, temperature sensor and It includes a humidity sensor. The finger contact pressure sensor monitors the pressure of the fingertip against the finger. It measures the mechanical force applied to its housing. The temperature sensor measures. It determines the skin temperature in the area. The moisture sensor monitors the finger during measurement. It detects moisture or condensation on its surface. Data from the finger contact pressure sensor indicates microcirculation in the tissue. to evaluate the change in perfusion and optical path length It is used. High contact pressure compresses the capillary bed, affecting the optical signal. a decrease in pressure and low contact pressure can lead to instability of the finger position. Because of this possibility, pressure data is used to correct the measurement result. Data received by the temperature sensor and humidity sensor are analyzed using optical absorption and in the compensation of environmental parameters affecting scattering characteristics This data is used as an optical signal by the microprocessor / calibration architecture. is evaluated together and the final result is obtained through an AI-based calibration algorithm. Glucose concentration output is calculated. AI-based calibration algorithm, obtained under magnetodynamic excitation by using optical spectral data, pressure data, temperature data, and humidity data together A glucose concentration value normalized according to 4 individual physiological differences. It produces [this information]. In this context, skin thickness, melanin density, and finger contact stability. and parameters affecting the measurement result such as perfusion variations It is being modeled. In a preferred application of the invention, a magnetodynamic resonance unit and The optical spectroscopy unit is designed as a modular sensor cartridge. Modular sensor cartridge, female-male connector interface located on the main body of the device It is designed to be easily removed and reattached. This allows for sensor aging and optical source issues. If the device weakens or its calibration shifts, the entire device needs to be replaced. The relevant sensor module can be replaced without any issues. In the measurement method described in the invention, the device is first tested before the finger is placed. It performs baseline calibration by measuring optical and magnetic background noise. Next, the fingertip is placed in the finger socket, and finger contact pressure is applied. The measurement is initiated when sufficient contact pressure is detected by the sensor. During this process, the magnetodynamic resonance unit generates a variable magnetic field, optically The spectroscopy unit uses optical spectroscopy in the 1,500–2,500 nm wavelength range to analyze the same tissue volume. It emits radiation, and the photodetector collects the optical response. The collected optical signal must be locked in phase-coherent with the magnetic excitation frequency. is analyzed by the sensing module; by the environmental sensing matrix. Compensation is achieved using acquired pressure, temperature, and humidity data; AI-based calibration. The algorithm processes the glucose concentration and outputs it to the user interface. It is reported as such.

Claims

1. A system that measures glucose levels from living tissue using a non-invasive method. Its characteristic is; - a finger slot into which the fingertip to be measured is placed, - 0.1–1 mT on the tissue surrounding the finger socket in question. variable excitation fields in terms of intensity and frequency band kHz–MHz producing at least one magnetodynamic resonance unit (MRU), - simultaneously with the aforementioned magnetodynamic resonance unit (MRU) positioned to work and scan the same tissue volume, Multiple light emitting in the 1,500–2,500 nm wavelength range optical spectroscopy containing light sources and at least one photodetector OSU, - a device that measures the mechanical force applied by the fingertip to the fingertip socket finger contact pressure sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor an environmental perception matrix formed, - Optical spectroscopy with magnetodynamic resonance unit (MRU) Simultaneously receiving data from the operating unit (OSU) and processing it environmentally analyzing by normalizing with parameters from the sensing matrix An AI-based microprocessor / calibration architecture and the AI-based microprocessor / calibration architecture in question, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRU) excitation frequency and optical spectroscopy. simultaneously processing the optical signal received from the photodetector of the operating unit (OSU) It is a system characterized by containing a lock-on detection module.

2. The system is defined in Claim 1 and its characteristic is that it includes an optical spectroscopy unit (OSU). It will scan the same finger tissue volume with a magnetodynamic resonance unit (MRU). It is a system characterized by its positioning in this way.

3. System according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by its magnetodynamic resonance unit. Simultaneous data from the microscopic resonance imaging (MRU) and optical spectroscopy unit (OSU) in the same tissue volume. It is a system characterized by its operation as a unified measurement architecture that produces and delivers.

4. The system is defined in Claim 1 and its characteristic is; a lockable sensing module, magnetic by separating the optical signal components that are phase-coherent with the modulation frequency of the field It is a characterized system. 6.

5. The system is defined according to Claim 1 and its characteristic is; an AI-based microprocessor / calibration architecture, Using data from a finger contact pressure sensor, the tissue... characterized by the assessment of changes in microcirculation perfusion It is a system.

6. The system is defined according to claim 5 and its characteristic is; an AI-based microprocessor / calibration architecture, Optical path using data from finger contact pressure sensor It is a system characterized by its assessment of changes in length.

7. The system, according to claim 1, is characterized by its AI-based microprocessor / calibration architecture. data from the temperature sensor and humidity sensor combined with an optical signal. It is a system characterized by its evaluation.

8. The system according to Claim 1, and its characteristic is; magnetodynamic resonance unit (MRU) and The optical spectroscopy unit (OSU) has a male-female connector located on the main body of the device. in the form of a modular sensor cartridge that can be removed and replaced via a connector interface. It is a system characterized by its creation.

9. A non-invasive glucose measurement performed using the system described in Claim 1. is the method; - the device's optical and magnetic background before finger placement. calibrating the base line by measuring the noise, - placing the fingertip into the finger socket - The magnetodynamic resonance unit generates a variable magnetic field, - Optical spectroscopy unit with 1,500–2,500 nm wavelength to the same tissue volume emitting optical radiation within its length range, - collecting the optical response of the photodetector, - the steps involved in the microprocessor / calibration architecture's processing of the optical signal It is a method characterized by its inclusion.

10. The method according to claim 9, its characteristic is; the magnetic stimulation frequency of the collected optical signal. should be analyzed by the phase-coordinated locked-in sensing module. It is a characterized method.

11. Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized by its environmental sensing matrix. by evaluating the acquired pressure, temperature, and humidity data together with the optical signal. It is a characterized method.

12. Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized by its AI-based calibration algorithm. by processing optical spectral data, pressure data, temperature data and humidity data together It is a characterized method. 7 13. The method according to claim 12, its characteristic is; optical spectral data of individual physiological by normalizing according to the differences and producing the glucose concentration value It is a characterized method. 8