Modular Photovoltaic Energy Integration and Recovery System for Rail Systems

Abstract

This invention is an innovative and modular photovoltaic energy system designed to be integrated into railway networks. In its basic architecture, the need for batteries and inverters is eliminated by directly matching DC-generating solar panels with DC-consuming trains via a PLC unit. This prevents transmission losses and reduces costs. However, the invention has a modular structure and can recover braking energy and perform overall voltage regulation with an additional battery unit that can be integrated into the structure according to system requirements; or, through an addable inverter unit, it can work in full compatibility with Alternating Current (AC) networks and AC motor-driven train systems.

Description

1 TARIFF Modular Photovoltaic Energy Integration and Recovery System for Rail Systems Technical Area 5 State of the Art Traditional solar energy systems are inherently quite complex. In these standard systems, in order to make the energy produced by the panels usable... An inverter and battery are included in the system. Due to the excess equipment... The average payback period of the systems is increasing.10 Lengthy and paperwork-intensive for standard grid-integrated energy generation facilities. Licensing processes are required. Also, it operates on the grid. traditional systems rely on feeding the generated energy into the city grid or Because it is based on the principle of offsetting, the official process is lengthy, bureaucratic, and involves a lot of paperwork. Subject to licensing / approval clouds15 Technical Problems That the Invention Aims to Solve The main purpose of this invention is to provide energy for trains that run on Direct Current (DC) electricity. This need can be met structurally through solar panels that still produce Direct Current (DC). It offers a main integration structure that enables direct fulfillment.20 In the basic configuration, there is no need for a battery or inverter; it operates directly from DC. With DC power supply, it achieves 15% higher energy efficiency compared to traditional systems. is provided. With this basic DC-DC architecture, installation costs are 25% lower compared to traditional systems. and the project's payback period is significantly shortened.25 Because the energy produced is directly routed to the network on which the trains operate, licensing is required. A production model independent of bureaucracy, located on-site, is offered. Based on the main structure of the invention (DC-DC direct supply), according to system requirements Additional equipment can be added to the structure. During braking of railway vehicles to store the high-voltage current it generates and regulate the overall system voltage.30 A battery system can be added for this purpose. 2 In addition, alternating current (AC) rail systems require station-mounted electrical systems. In order to be compatible with their main or secondary AC systems, the main The invention can be modularly expanded by integrating an inverter into the system. Explanation of Figures 5 The application scheme for this invention is shown in the attached document. Figure 1: Application Diagram Explanation of the references in the figures. 10: Photovoltaic Solar Panels 20: Diode 30: Voltage Regulator PLC Unit 40: Train Power Grid 50: Optional Battery Unit 60: Optional Inverter Unit15 70: Conventional (Existing) Power Unit (Transformer) Description of the invention The system described in the invention, in its most basic form, as shown in Figure 1, can be used with any a modular plug-and-play infrastructure that does not contain battery or inverter hardware20 It has an architecture. The system is basically located in the installation area (20). photovoltaic solar panels (10), a voltage regulator PLC unit (30) and train power It consists of the network (40). Produced by photovoltaic solar panels (10). Raw Direct Current (DC) energy can be obtained from any standard central / string inverter or without passing through the storage battery, without undergoing intermediate conversion stages25 The voltage is transmitted directly to the voltage regulator PLC unit (30). The voltage regulator PLC unit (30), microprocessor-based control software and power electronics The device regulates the input voltage, which varies according to the instantaneous position of the sun. and this DC energy, which is regulated, directly meets the electrical needs of the trains. The train is connected to the power grid (40) (catenary line or third rail).30 The structural distinguishing feature of the system is its physical main body and main control architecture. It includes structured, uninterrupted expansion slots. This 3 Thanks to the slots, the system can be operated without dismantling its physical infrastructure or making major modifications. It can be expanded in stages without needing to be expanded further. When it is desired to add storage functionality to the system, intervention in the physical infrastructure is necessary. an optional battery unit (50) can be added to the structure via the first expansion slot without being attached. is included. The said optional battery unit (50) is connected to the train power grid (40). It is electrically related. Rail system vehicles slow down or brake. When it does so, its motors work like generators, giving high power to the train power grid (40) A reverse current (regenerative energy) of voltage is applied. Optional battery unit (50), voltage It detects this reverse current by communicating with the regulating PLC unit (30) via the data bus and It stores this energy to dissipate the overvoltage in the line. This stored energy... energy, photovoltaic solar panels (10) cannot produce or trains accelerate In situations where there is a sudden high power demand during (start-up) moments, a voltage regulator PLC unit is used. (30) is fed back into the train power grid (40) under control. Thus, optional The battery unit (50) is both an energy storage and a dynamic line voltage regulator. It functions as follows.15 A second expansion is needed so that the system can supply AC loads as well as DC lines. An optional inverter unit (60) can be included in the structure using its socket. Regulated DC power from the voltage regulator PLC unit (30) or optional The energy stored in the battery unit (50) can be switched off with an optional inverter depending on the consumption needs. It is directed to the unit (60). The optional inverter unit (60) directs this energy to the rail system20 in the facility's internal power grid (station lighting, signaling, moving walkways external systems operated by alternating current (AC), such as stairwells, ventilation systems, etc. It converts to standard Alternating Current (AC) for use in power lines. Thanks to these expansion slots and integration structure, the main control unit (30) The hardware can be updated with software; DC power supply only, DC+Storage or25 DC+Storage+AC Power supply modes can be dynamically switched without dismantling the physical infrastructure. It can be converted. How the invention can be applied to industry. The invention is applicable to railways, subways, trams, light rail systems and high-speed rail lines, etc. In all rail transportation networks operated with Direct Current (DC) or Alternating Current (AC) It is applicable. The invention relates to stations located along railway system routes. 4 roof areas of buildings, warehouses, workshops or tunnel overpasses (20) It is integrated into industry by installing photovoltaic solar panels (10). Power electronics and PLC units (30), battery blocks (50) that are mass-produced in the automation sector and the system can be easily scaled up using industrial inverters (60) and It can be commercialized. The energy produced is entirely on-site within the railway closed network. Because it is consumed, it reduces the load on energy transmission lines and improves the efficiency of transformer substations. It increases commercial activity in all transportation infrastructure projects aimed at green energy transformation. It can be implemented as follows.

Claims

REQUESTS 1. It is a railway power supply system, characterized by its basic configuration. photovoltaic solar panels (10) positioned on station roofs (20) To convert the generated Direct Current (DC) energy, an inverter or5 is required. not containing a mandatory battery for storage; the voltage of the energy produced regulating and supplying that energy independently from the city grid a PLC that channels directly to the trains' power grid (catenary line) (40) It has unit (30).

2. The system mentioned in Claim 1, its characteristic is that the energy obtained is transferred to the railway.10 Because it is consumed in a closed system, it does not contain conduction or resistance losses. It also eliminates licensing requirements by producing on-site. It is an independent system.

3. The system mentioned in Claim 1, its characteristic is; according to system requirements. In order to expand it; braking in the railway vehicle power network (40)15 by capturing and storing the high-voltage current generated during the process, and using a PLC By working in integration with unit (30), it provides the overall voltage regulation of the system. It can include an optional battery unit (50).

4. The system referred to in Claim 1 or Claim 3, and characterized by its alternating current (AC) function. energy20 to rail systems or station facilities operating with grids In order to generate energy, it can be integrated into the system and the energy obtained An optional inverter unit (AC Inverter) that converts to Alternating Current (60) It is the ability to include.

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