Method for manufacturing greenware involving expansive material

Abstract

A method for producing a ceramic blank containing bentonite includes the following steps: a ceramic blank molded body contains a clay, a polyethylene glycol (PEG) and a water, wherein the PEG has a weight percentage of 1 to 5%, the water has a weight percentage of 10 to 35%, the clay has a weight percentage of 60 to 89%, and the PEG has a molecular weight between 400 and 6000; the ceramic blank molded body is placed in an oil at a temperature between 26°C and 145°C for a time between 0.1 hours and 336 hours, so that a portion of the oil penetrates into the ceramic blank molded body and reacts with the PEG to form a bentonite.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a method for making ceramic blanks, and more particularly to a method for making ceramic blanks with bentonite material. [Previous Technology]

[0002] Ceramics are inherently brittle materials with low tensile stress tolerance and are prone to cracking. However, ceramics have high hardness and are resistant to wear, corrosion, and scratches. But when processing ceramics, their high hardness can lead to rapid tool wear, and their low tensile stress tolerance makes them prone to cracking or breaking during processing, making the process more challenging.

[0003] Therefore, the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN108203300B, "A method for preparing high-toughness, high-resistivity silicon carbide ceramics," is characterized by being composed of the following raw materials: the base material consists of submicron silicon carbide and sintering aids, with submicron silicon carbide accounting for 95-99% of the total weight and sintering aids accounting for 1-5% of the total weight, wherein the sintering aids consist of 0-3% aluminum nitride, 0-5% alumina, and 0-2% yttrium oxide by weight; the dispersant accounts for 0.5-1.5% of the total weight of the base material, the plasticizer accounts for 1-3% of the total weight of the base material, and the lubricant accounts for 1-2% of the total weight of the base material, wherein the dispersant is tetramethylammonium hydroxide, the plasticizer is a 10% concentration PVA aqueous solution, and the lubricant is polyethylene glycol and glycerin.

[0004] The aforementioned case, by adding aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide and yttrium oxide as liquid phase sintering aids in combination with hot isostatic pressing sintering technology, can improve the density, resistivity, tensile strength and fracture toughness of ceramics; thereby reducing the tendency of ceramics to break during processing.

[0005] In addition to improving the success rate of machining by changing the tensile strength of the material itself and making the material less prone to breakage, the success rate of machining can also be improved by delaying the wear of the cutting tools. Although the aforementioned case mentioned the addition of lubricant, the purpose of the lubricant was not explained. [Summary of the Invention]

[0006] Therefore, in order to delay the wear of cutting tools during processing by increasing the lubrication properties of the material itself, the inventors propose a method for manufacturing a ceramic blank with a bentonite material, comprising the following steps:

[0007] A ceramic blank contains a clay, a polyethylene glycol (PEG), and water, wherein the PEG has a weight percentage of 1 to 5, the water has a weight percentage of 10 to 35, the clay has a weight percentage of 60 to 89, and the PEG has a molecular weight of 400 to 6000; the ceramic blank is placed in an oil at a temperature between 26°C and 145°C for a time between 0.1 hours and 336 hours, so that a portion of the oil penetrates into the ceramic blank and reacts with the PEG to form a bentonite.

[0008] Furthermore, the oil contains a water-displacement rust inhibitor (40th formula, WD-40) or spindle oil.

[0009] Furthermore, the ceramic blank is cylindrical in shape, with a diameter of 32 mm, a thickness of 4 mm, and a density between 1.76 and 1.85 g / cm³.

[0010] Furthermore, the oil contains base oil or lubricating oil with a saturated hydrocarbon content of less than 90% and a viscosity index of less than or equal to 200.

[0011] Furthermore, the molding method of the ceramic blank is to place it in a mold and press it into shape.

[0012] Furthermore, the bentonite has the effect of a lubricant.

[0013] Furthermore, the bentonite can lubricate a machining tool.

[0014] Furthermore, the chips produced by the cutting tool also contain the bentonite. When the chips move into the chip removal groove of the cutting tool, the bentonite can reduce the friction between the chips and the chip removal groove of the cutting tool, making it easier for the chips to move in the chip removal groove of the cutting tool and leave the cutting tool.

[0015] Furthermore, the ceramic blank can be dried and hardened first, with a weight change of 2% to 15%, and then subjected to a swelling reaction with the oil.

[0016] Furthermore, the ceramic blank can be first air-dried for three to five days to harden before undergoing a swelling reaction with the oil.

[0017] The following effects can be achieved based on the above technical features:

[0018] 1. Polyethylene glycol and oil form a bentonite inside the ceramic blank. When the ceramic blank is processed, the cutting tool comes into contact with the bentonite to lubricate the cutting tool and reduce the wear of the cutting tool.

[0019] 2. When processing the ceramic blank, the removed chips themselves also contain bentonite. When the chips move into the chip removal groove, the bentonite in the chips can reduce the friction between the chips and the chip removal groove, making it easier for the chips to move in the chip removal groove of the tool and leave the tool. This reduces the pressure of accumulated chips on the edge of the processed area during processing, thus preventing the surface of the processed ceramic blank from cracking.

[0020] 3. After multiple experiments, it was found that polyethylene glycol can easily produce the expected swelling reaction in the presence of moisture inside the ceramic blank. Moreover, adding water during the mixing of ceramic blank raw materials helps polyethylene glycol to be evenly distributed in the ceramic blank. This technique of adding water solves the two problems mentioned above: the inability to produce the expected swelling reaction and how to evenly distribute polyethylene glycol in the ceramic blank. It is novel and progressive.

Implementation Method

[0021] Based on the above technical features, the main effects of the method for making ceramic blanks with bentonite material of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following embodiments.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, and 3. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0023] A mixture of clay 11, polyethylene glycol 12 and water is placed in a mold and molded into a ceramic blank 1, wherein the weight percentage of polyethylene glycol 12 is 1 to 5, the weight percentage of water is 10 to 35, the weight percentage of clay 11 is 60 to 89, and the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol 12 is between 400 and 6000.

[0024] The ceramic blank 1, which has been air-dried for three to five days and hardened, is placed in an oil product 2 at a temperature between 26°C and 145°C for a period of 0.1 hours to 336 hours, so that part of the oil product 2 penetrates into the ceramic blank 1 and reacts with the polyethylene glycol 12 to become a bentonite. In this embodiment, the oil 2 is selected as a low-viscosity spindle oil, which allows the oil 2 to easily penetrate into the porous ceramic blank 1 and react with the polyethylene glycol 12 to become a swellable material. Alternatively, a water-repellent rust inhibitor (Water Displacement, 40th formula, WD-40) or a base oil or lubricant with a saturated hydrocarbon content of less than 90% and a viscosity index of less than or equal to 200 is used. Specifically, after drying, the weight change of the ceramic blank 1 is between 2% and 15%, and then it undergoes a swelling reaction with the oil 2. The long molecular chains of the polyethylene glycol 12 are attacked and broken by the hydroxyl groups in the oil 2, which reduces the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol 12, and the relative viscosity and strength are reduced, causing the volume to expand and become a swellable material.

[0025] The ceramic blank 1 is formed by applying several pounds of pressure using a single-axis hydraulic press (JACKRAM, UBP1201) during molding, so that the ceramic blank 1 is cylindrical in shape, with an external diameter of about 32mm, a thickness of about 4mm, and a density of about 1.76~1.85g / cm3, and a hardened layer of about 0.5mm~1mm is formed on the surface of the ceramic blank 1.

[0026] When processing the ceramic blank 1 after it has been soaked in the oil 2, the cutting tool can come into contact with the bentonite in a timely manner, and the cutting tool can be lubricated by the bentonite at the same time, which has a better lubrication effect on the cutting tool and can reduce the wear of the cutting tool. In addition, when the polyethylene glycol 12 reacts with the oil 2, the overall volume change is about 1% to 3%, which has little impact on the ceramic blank 1 and does not easily change the appearance and size of the ceramic blank 1. At the same time, the chips generated by the cutting tool also contain the bentonite. When the chips move into the chip removal groove of the cutting tool, the bentonite can reduce the friction between the chips and the chip removal groove, so that the chips can easily move in the chip removal groove of the cutting tool and leave the cutting tool.

[0027] Specifically, the oil 2 contains WD-40 water-proof rust inhibitor or spindle oil. In the experiment, the oil 2 in this case uses spindle oils from different brands, such as multi-purpose sewing machine oil and pure sewing machine oil, and compares the difference between the length of the processed path and the crack area generated in the adjacent processed path with the ceramic blank 1 that is not immersed in the oil 2. During processing, the character '王' is engraved using a CNC milling machine, and the heating time and temperature of the different oil products 2 are fixed, as well as the processing parameters for each time, in order to minimize variables. Please refer to Figures 4 to 9. The unfired pottery blank 1 without being soaked in oil is engraved with the character '王' using a CNC milling machine, and is divided into six processing areas: the upper left area, the upper right area, the middle left area, the middle right area, the lower left area, and the lower right area. As shown in the figures, after processing the unfired pottery blank 1 without being soaked in oil, obvious edge fractures can be seen. The degree of path fracture (mm² / mm) defined in this case is the ratio of the fracture area (mm²) to the processing path length (mm). The average degree of path fracture in the six areas is approximately 26.96 mm² / mm, and the data of the edge fractures are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Fracture area (mm 2 ) Processing path length (mm) Degree of path fracture (mm 2 / mm) Upper left area 8.989 40.092 22.4 Upper right area 7.844 34.871 22.49 Middle left area 7.597 32.738 23.2 Middle right area 12.869 34.436 37.37 Lower left area [[ID=�6]]8.889 30.825 28.83 Lower right area 13.ଶ52 49.958 27.32

[0032] Similarly, please refer to FIGS. 10 to 15. The ceramic blank body 1A immersed in all-purpose sewing machine oil is subjected to positive engraving of the character '王' using a CNC milling machine, and is divided into a total of six processing areas: the upper left area, the upper right area, the middle left area, the middle right area, the lower left area, and the lower right area.

[0033] As shown in the figure, after processing the ceramic blank body 1A immersed in all-purpose sewing machine oil, compared with the ceramic blank body 1 without immersion in oil, the edge breakage has been significantly improved. The average degree of path breakage is about 20.69 mm² / mm, which is about 6 mm² / mm lower than that of the ceramic blank body 1 without immersion in oil (refer to FIG. 4), and the effect is remarkable. The data of the edge breakage are shown in detail in Table 2.

[0034] Table 2: Breaking area (mm 2 ) Length of processing path (mm) Degree of path breakage (mm 2 / mm) Upper left area 6.591 32.246 20.43 Upper right area 5.74 28.316 20.27 Middle left area 7.251 35.181 20.61 Middle right area 6.995 29.59②<0- 23.63 Lower left area 6.97 34.739 20.06 Lower right area 6.954 36.228 19.19

[0035] Similarly, please refer to FIGS. 16 to 21. The ceramic blank body 1B immersed in pure sewing machine oil is subjected to positive engraving of the character '王' using a CNC milling machine, and is divided into a total of six processing areas: the upper left area, the upper right area, the middle left area, the middle right area, the lower left area, and the lower right area.

[0036] As shown in the figure, after processing, the ceramic blank 1B soaked in pure sewing oil has an average path cracking degree of about 30.22 mm 2 / mm, which is 9 mm 2 / mm higher than that of the ceramic blank 1A soaked in universal sewing oil (see figure 10) and 3 mm 2 / mm higher than that of the ceramic blank 1 that was not soaked in oil (see figure 4). The data on edge cracking are detailed in Table 3. Table 3:

[0037] fracture area (mm) 2 ) Processing path length (mm) Path breakage degree (mm) 2 / mm) Top left area 9.593 43.668 21.96 upper right area 9.733 28.006 34.75 Left-middle area 12.709 35.190 36.19 Right center area 11.401 30.254 37.68 lower left area 7.143 29.039 24.59 Bottom right area 9.549 28.868 26.15

[0038] Based on the above description of the embodiments, the operation, use and effects of the present invention can be fully understood. However, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application and the description of the invention are all within the scope of the present invention. [Simplified Explanation of the Diagram]

[0039] [Figure 1] is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0040] [Second Figure] is a schematic diagram of placing the formed ceramic blank in oil for heating.

[0041] [Third Figure] is a schematic diagram of oil penetrating into the formed ceramic blank.

[0042] [Fourth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank without being soaked in oil, with the character '王' engraved in the upper left area.

[0043] [Fifth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank without being soaked in oil, with the character '王' engraved in the upper right area.

[0044] [Sixth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank without being soaked in oil, with the character '王' engraved in the middle left area.

[0045] [Seventh Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank without being soaked in oil, with the character '王' engraved in the middle right area.

[0046] [Eighth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank without being soaked in oil, with the character '王' engraved in the lower left area.

[0047] [Ninth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank without being soaked in oil, with the character '王' engraved in the lower right area.

[0048] [Tenth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank soaked in all-purpose sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in the upper left area.

[0049] [Eleventh Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank soaked in all-purpose sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in the upper right area.

[0050] [Twelfth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank soaked in all-purpose sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in the middle left area.

[0051] [Thirteenth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank soaked in all-purpose sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in the middle right area.

[0052] [Fourteenth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank soaked in all-purpose sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in the lower left area.

[0053] [Fifteenth Figure] is a schematic diagram of the formed ceramic blank soaked in all-purpose sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in the lower right area.

[0054] [Figure 16] is a schematic diagram of the pottery blank formed body soaked in pure sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in relief in the upper left area.

[0055] [Figure 17] is a schematic diagram of the pottery blank formed body soaked in pure sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in relief in the upper right area.

[0056] [Figure 18] is a schematic diagram of the pottery blank formed body soaked in pure sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in relief in the middle left area.

[0057] [Figure 19] is a schematic diagram of the pottery blank formed body soaked in pure sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in relief in the middle right area.

[0058] [Figure 20] is a schematic diagram of the pottery blank formed body soaked in pure sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in relief in the lower left area.

[0059] [Figure 21] is a schematic diagram of the pottery blank formed body soaked in pure sewing machine oil, with the character '王' engraved in relief in the lower right area.

Claims

1. A method for producing a ceramic blank containing bentonite, comprising the steps of: a ceramic blank comprising clay, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and water, wherein, The polyethylene glycol has a weight percentage of 1 to 5%, the water has a weight percentage of 10 to 35%, the clay has a weight percentage of 60 to 89%, and the polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight of 400 to 6000. The ceramic blank is placed in an oil at a temperature between 26°C and 145°C for a time between 0.1 hours and 336 hours, allowing a portion of the oil to penetrate the ceramic blank and react with the polyethylene glycol to form a bentonite.

2. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material as described in claim 1, wherein, This oil contains either a water-displacement rust inhibitor (40th formula, WD-40) or spindle oil.

3. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material as described in claim 1, wherein, The ceramic blank is cylindrical in shape, with an external diameter of 32mm, a thickness of 4mm, and a density between 1.76 and 1.85 g / cm³.

4. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material as described in claim 1, wherein, This oil contains base oils or lubricants with a saturated hydrocarbon content of less than 90% and a viscosity index of less than or equal to 200.

5. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material as described in claim 1, wherein, The ceramic blank is formed by pressing it into a mold.

6. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material as described in claim 1, wherein, This bentonite has the effect of a lubricant.

7. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material as described in claim 6, wherein, This bentonite can lubricate a machining tool.

8. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material as described in claim 7, wherein, The chips produced by the cutting tool also contain the bentonite. When the chips move into the chip evacuation groove of the cutting tool, the bentonite can reduce the friction between the chips and the chip evacuation groove of the cutting tool, making it easier for the chips to move in the chip evacuation groove of the cutting tool and leave the cutting tool.

9. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material as described in claim 1, wherein, The ceramic blank can be dried and hardened first, with a weight change of 2% to 15%, and then subjected to a swelling reaction with the oil.

10. The method for producing a ceramic blank with bentonite material as described in claim 1, wherein, The ceramic blank can be air-dried for three to five days to harden before undergoing a swelling reaction with the oil.