Underwater anchoring methods and devices

Abstract

This invention provides an underwater anchoring method and apparatus, comprising: an apparatus preparation step, in which a jack assembly and a counterweight base are respectively secured with at least one buoyancy bag and placed on a predetermined anchoring area on the seabed; a crusher is secured with at least another buoyancy bag and kept perpendicular to the seabed; a manta ray anchor, a plurality of tow rods, at least one screw, and jack accessories are placed on the predetermined anchoring area on the seabed; an anchoring step, in which the manta ray anchor is vertically inserted into the predetermined anchoring area and kept vertical by a tow rod; then, the crusher drives a linkage rod to vertically strike the manta ray anchor, causing the manta ray anchor to be inserted into the seabed to a depth greater than or equal to the length of the tow rod plus 1.5 times the length of the manta ray anchor; and an anchor traction and extension step, in which the screw is fixed to the tow rod and the anchor is extended. The screw extends vertically onto the seabed; in the anchor traction and fixing step, firstly, the counterweight seat is fitted onto the screw and stably laid on the seabed, then the jack assembly is fitted onto the screw and mounted on the counterweight seat, and one of the jack accessories, the outer cylinder, is fitted onto the screw and mounted on one of the plungers of the jack assembly, then one of the jack accessories, the inner sleeve, is screwed onto the screw and combined with the outer cylinder, and the top of the outer cylinder is attached to the inner sleeve top abutment of the inner sleeve; and in the anchor traction and rotation step, the jack assembly is operated to raise the plunger and push the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder abuts against the inner sleeve top abutment and pushes up the inner sleeve, while the inner sleeve pulls the screw up and pulls the traction rod, so that the pulling force of the traction rod pulls the anchor body and the anchor bolt assembly into the seabed in an unfolded state.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a method and apparatus for underwater anchoring that can be quickly and completely fixed in place and avoids impacting marine life. [Previous Technology]

[0002] When a vessel sails to the open sea and operates at a fixed point, or when offshore facilities such as power generation equipment are built at sea, the vessel or offshore facilities need to be stably positioned at their fixed point to prevent them from drifting away from their original operating or deployment location due to factors such as ocean currents and waves. Alternatively, manta ray anchors may be used to install and fix instruments or reinforce the geology.

[0003] Therefore, the vessels or offshore equipment used in operation need to be fixed on the designated seabed. Currently, the vessels or offshore equipment are mainly fixed on the seabed by using pile foundations, anchors, and gravity anchor blocks. However, the use of anchors or gravity anchor blocks is mainly to use the anchor chain to drop the anchor or gravity anchor block into the sea after reaching the designated location, and use the weight of the anchor or gravity anchor block to position it on the seabed, thereby positioning the vessel or offshore equipment. Then, when leaving the designated location, the anchor or gravity anchor block is pulled up. There are even cases where the anchor or gravity anchor block is randomly discarded after leaving the designated location.

[0004] However, the positioning method using anchors or gravity anchor blocks still has many shortcomings in use. For example, when the weight of the ship or marine equipment is too great or the wind and waves are too large, the ship or marine equipment will still move due to the wind and waves. At the same time as it moves, the anchor chain and anchor or gravity anchor block of the ship or marine equipment will also move together. In addition to failing to effectively fix the ship or marine equipment, the anchor or gravity anchor block is very likely to directly hit marine life such as corals during the movement, thereby causing damage or even death to marine life.

[0005] Therefore, compared with the positioning method of using anchors or gravity anchor blocks, the use of fixed piles on the seabed is quite important for operating vessels or offshore equipment. Currently, fixed piles sometimes use manta rays. When manta rays are driven into the seabed, they mainly use the leading edge and the protruding wings on the outer side of the manta ray anchor to break through the soil and drill into the seabed. However, when the manta ray anchor is pushed into the soil, it is often subject to resistance, which increases the difficulty of driving piles on the seabed.

[0006] Therefore, how to solve the aforementioned conventional problems and shortcomings is the direction that the inventor of this case and related manufacturers engaged in this industry urgently want to study and improve. [Summary of the Invention]

[0007] Therefore, in order to effectively solve the above problems, the main objective of the present invention is to provide an underwater anchoring method and device that can quickly and completely fix the anchor at a specific point and avoid collisions with marine organisms.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide an underwater anchoring method and apparatus that can stably clamp the screw, is easy to implement, and can stably traction.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for underwater anchoring that can be stably inserted and drilled into the seabed and can be towed and rotated.

[0010] This invention provides an underwater anchoring method, comprising: a device preparation step, in which a jack assembly and a counterweight base are respectively secured with at least one buoyancy bag and placed on a predetermined anchoring area on the seabed, and a breaker is secured with at least another buoyancy bag and kept perpendicular to the seabed; a manta ray anchor, a plurality of tow rods, at least one screw, and jack accessories are placed on the predetermined anchoring area on the seabed; an anchoring step, in which the manta ray anchor is vertically inserted into the predetermined anchoring area and kept vertical by a tow rod, and then the breaker drives a linkage rod to vertically strike the manta ray anchor, so that the manta ray anchor is inserted into the seabed to a depth greater than or equal to the length of the tow rod plus 1.5 times the length of the manta ray anchor; and an anchor traction and extension step, in which the screw is fixed to the tow rod. The process involves: 1) extending the screw vertically onto the seabed; 2) anchoring and securing the anchor by first fitting the counterweight onto the screw and laying it stably on the seabed; 3) fitting the jack assembly onto the screw and mounting it on the counterweight; 4) fitting the outer cylinder of one of the jack accessories onto the screw and mounting it on one of the plungers of the jack assembly; 5) screwing the inner sleeve of one of the jack accessories onto the screw and connecting it to the outer cylinder, with the top of the outer cylinder abutting against the inner sleeve's top abutment; and 6) anchoring and rotating the anchor by operating the jack assembly to raise the plunger and push the outer cylinder, causing the outer cylinder to abut against the inner sleeve's top abutment and push the inner sleeve upwards. The inner sleeve pulls the screw upwards and pulls the traction rod, causing the traction rod's tension to pull the manta ray anchor to rotate and be horizontally buried in the seabed.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the underwater anchoring method of the present invention, in the anchoring step, the manta ray anchor is inserted into the seabed to a depth such that the end edge of the towing rod is buried in the seabed. After the manta ray anchor is inserted into the seabed to a depth greater than or equal to the length of the towing rod plus 1.5 times the length of the manta ray anchor, the linkage rod is pulled out from the manta ray anchor by the vibration of the crusher and the buoyancy of the buoyancy bag.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the underwater anchoring method of the present invention, a plurality of horizontally buried manta ray anchors are buried in the seabed of the pre-set anchoring area, and after the screws of each manta ray anchor are removed, an anchoring point step is performed. A bottom traction cable is assembled on each traction bar, and the other end of each bottom traction cable is assembled with a connecting component. The connecting component is assembled with one end of a relay cable, and the other end of the relay cable is equipped with a relay buoy. One end of a counterweight cable is assembled on the relay buoy, and the other end of the counterweight cable is equipped with an extension component and a floating buoy is assembled on the extension component. A counterweight block is suspended on the counterweight cable, and a mooring line is also assembled on the extension component. At least one extension buoy is provided on the mooring line.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the underwater anchoring method of the present invention, the manta ray anchor has an anchor body and an anchor bolt assembly. A leading protrusion is formed on the anchor body, a leading extension is formed at one end of the leading protrusion, a toothed portion is formed on the outer side of the leading extension, and an anchor drive hole is formed on the anchor body. The linkage rod is inserted into the anchor drive hole, and the anchor bolt assembly is pivotally connected to the leading extension. An anchor bolt assembly has an anchor bolt group hole, and the traction rod is connected to the anchor bolt group hole. The traction rod and the anchor bolt group hole can be fixed by one of the following connection methods: threaded fastening, locking by a locking mechanism, or locking by a clamping mechanism.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the underwater anchoring method of the present invention, the top of the outer cylinder is formed with an outer cylinder top abutment portion attached to the inner sleeve top abutment portion of the inner sleeve body, and the outer cylinder body has an outer cylinder channel, and the inner sleeve system is disposed in the outer cylinder channel. Furthermore, an internal threaded hole is formed inside the inner sleeve body, and the screw is threaded through the internal threaded hole and mutually fastened with the internal threaded hole.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the underwater anchoring method of the present invention, the jack assembly is provided with the plunger component inside and an operating handle is provided on the outside and at least one base frame at the bottom. The operating handle controls the vertical displacement of the plunger component. A plunger channel is formed inside the plunger component, and the screw passes through the plunger channel.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the underwater anchoring method of the present invention, a base plate is provided at the bottom of the counterweight seat, a plate hole is formed on the base plate, and two bearing members are provided on the counterweight seat, which form a body channel with each other. A plurality of limiting blocks are provided on each bearing member, and the base frame is mounted on the bearing member and limited by the limiting blocks. The plate hole is connected to the body channel, and the screw passes through the plate hole and the body channel.

[0017] The present invention also provides an underwater anchoring device, comprising: a manta ray anchor having an anchor body and an anchor bolt assembly, a leading protrusion formed on the anchor body, a leading extension formed at one end of the leading protrusion, a toothed portion formed on the outer side of the leading extension, an anchor drive hole formed on the anchor body, and the anchor bolt assembly pivotally connected to the leading extension, and an anchor rod assembly hole formed on the anchor bolt assembly, with a traction rod assembled on the anchor rod assembly hole; a jack fitting having an outer cylinder and an inner sleeve, an outer cylinder top abutment formed at the top of the outer cylinder and an outer cylinder channel formed inside, the inner sleeve being disposed within the outer cylinder channel and having an internal threaded hole formed inside which is screwed to a screw, and an inner sleeve top abutment formed at the top of the inner sleeve engaging with the outer cylinder top abutment.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the underwater anchoring device of the present invention, the outer cylinder system is disposed on a jack assembly. The jack assembly is provided with a plunger and an operating handle on the outside. The outer cylinder system is disposed on the plunger, and the operating handle controls the vertical displacement of the plunger. A plunger channel is formed inside the plunger. The jack assembly is mounted on a counterweight base. A base plate is provided at the bottom of the counterweight base. A plate hole is formed on the base plate. Two bearing members are disposed on the counterweight base and form a body channel between them. A plurality of limiting blocks are provided on each bearing member. The base frame is mounted on the bearing members and limited by the limiting blocks. The plate hole is connected to the body channel.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the underwater anchoring device of the present invention, one end of the screw is assembled with the traction rod, and the one end of the screw and the traction rod can be fixed by one of the following assembly methods: screwed by thread, locked by a locking mechanism, or locked by a clamping mechanism. The screw is screwed with the plate hole, the seat channel, the plunger channel, and the internal threaded hole. [Simplified Explanation of the Diagram]

[0053] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the underwater anchoring method of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the manta ray anchor of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the jack accessory of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the device preparation steps of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the anchoring steps of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the anchoring steps of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the anchoring steps of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the anchor traction elongation step of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the anchor traction and fixing steps of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the anchor traction and fixing steps of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the anchor traction and fixing steps of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the anchor traction and fixing steps of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the anchor traction and rotation step of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the anchor traction and rotation step of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a further embodiment of the jack accessory of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the anchoring point steps of the present invention.

Implementation Method

[0020] The above-mentioned objectives of the present invention and its structural and functional characteristics will be described with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In the following, various applicable examples are listed and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, etc., regarding the structure and technical content of the underwater anchoring method and device of the present invention; however, the present invention is by no means limited to the listed embodiments, drawings or detailed descriptions.

[0022] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that the listed embodiments and accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the present invention; any inventions that can be easily implemented based on the description are also considered to be within the scope of the spirit and intent of the present invention, and of course, such inventions are also included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "back," are only for reference to the directions shown in the accompanying illustrations. Therefore, the directional terms used are for illustrative purposes and not for limiting the present invention; moreover, in the following embodiments, the same or similar elements will be labeled with the same or similar element numbers.

[0024] Referring to Figure 1, which is a flowchart of the underwater anchoring method of the present invention, it can be clearly seen from the figure that the underwater anchoring method includes a device preparation step S1, an anchoring step S2, an anchor traction and extension step S3, an anchor traction and fixing step S4, and an anchor traction and rotation step S5.

[0025] As shown in Figure 2, the underwater anchoring method is mainly implemented through an underwater anchoring device, which includes a manta ray anchor 1. The manta ray anchor 1 includes an anchor body 11 and an anchor bolt assembly 12. A first spread 111 is formed on one side of the anchor body 11, and a second spread 112 is formed on the opposite side of the first spread 111. A first inclined side 1111 is formed on the outer side of the first spread 111. The first extension 1111 is a tapered beveled edge. The second extension 112 has a second tapered beveled edge 1121 on its outer side. The second tapered beveled edge 1121 is a tapered beveled edge. An anchor head 113 is formed on the front side of the anchor body 11. The anchor head 113 is integrally extended between the first extension 111 and the second extension 112 and tapered forward. A toothed end 1131 is formed on the end edge of the anchor head 113, and a beveled edge 1132 is formed on the outer side of the anchor head 113.

[0026] Furthermore, a leading protrusion 114 is formed on one side plane of the anchor body 11. A leading tooth end 1141 is formed at one end of the leading protrusion 114, and a leading extension 1142 is formed at the other end. An extension tooth 1143 is formed on the outer side of the leading extension 1142. A leading pivot 1144 is formed on the leading extension 1142. In addition, an anchor transmission hole 115 is formed on the anchor body 11. The anchor transmission hole 115 is formed between the first extension 111 and the second extension 112 and extends and connects with the leading extension 1142.

[0027] The anchor bolt assembly 12 is provided with a pivot 121 and an anchor bolt group hole 122. The leading pivot portion 1144 is embedded in the anchor bolt assembly 12. The anchor bolt assembly 12 is pivotally connected to the leading pivot portion 1144 by the pivot 121, so that the anchor bolt assembly 12 and the leading extension portion 1142 are pivotally connected to each other. The width of the leading extension portion 1142 is greater than the width of the anchor bolt assembly 12. When the anchor bolt assembly 12 is attached to the anchor body 11, the height of the leading extension portion 1142 is greater than the height of the anchor bolt assembly 12.

[0028] As shown in Figure 3, the underwater anchoring device further includes a jack accessory 2. The jack accessory 2 includes an outer cylinder 21 and an inner sleeve 22. The top of the outer cylinder 21 forms an outer cylinder top abutment 211. The diameter of the outer cylinder top abutment 211 is larger than the diameter of the outer cylinder 21. The outer cylinder 21 has an outer cylinder channel 212. In this embodiment, the outer cylinder 21 is formed by gradually narrowing downward from the top of the outer cylinder 211. However, this is not a limitation. The outer cylinder 21 can also be formed by vertically extending downward from the top of the outer cylinder 211.

[0029] The inner sleeve 22 is disposed in the outer cylinder channel 212, and an inner threaded hole 221 is formed inside the inner sleeve 22, and an inner sleeve top abutment 222 is formed on the top of the inner sleeve 22.

[0030] When the underwater anchoring method is executed, as shown in Figure 4, the device preparation step S1 is first entered. The device preparation step mainly involves preparing a jack assembly 3, a counterweight base 4, multiple traction rods 123, at least one screw 124, and a crusher 5. The jack assembly 3 is equipped with a plunger 31 inside and an operating handle 32 and a pressure gauge 34 on the outside, and has at least one base frame 33 at the bottom. The plunger 31 has a plunger channel 311 inside, and the crusher 5 is equipped with a connecting rod 51.

[0031] Furthermore, a base plate 41 is provided at the bottom of the counterweight base 4, and a plate hole 411 is formed on the base plate 41. Two bearing members 42 are provided on the counterweight base 4, which form a body channel 421 between each other. A plurality of limiting blocks 422 are provided on each bearing member 42. The plate hole 411 is connected to the body channel 421.

[0032] The device preparation step S1 mainly involves tying the jack assembly 3 and the counterweight seat 4 to at least one buoyancy bag 6, dropping the jack assembly 3 and the counterweight seat 4 with the buoyancy bag 6 from the sea into the sea, and placing the jack assembly 3 and the counterweight seat 4 with the buoyancy bag 6 on the pre-set anchoring area of ​​the seabed, tying the crusher 5 to at least another buoyancy bag 6 and keeping the crusher 5 perpendicular to the seabed, and placing the manta ray anchor 1, the towing rod 123, the screw 124 and the jack accessories 2 on the pre-set anchoring area of ​​the seabed.

[0033] Then, the anchoring step S2 is performed. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, these are schematic diagrams one and two illustrating the implementation of the manta ray anchor 1 of the present invention being driven into the seabed. In the anchoring step S2, the main task is to vertically insert the manta ray anchor 1 into the pre-set anchoring area. This involves first inserting the connecting rod 51 of the pile driver into the anchor transmission hole 115, and then fixing the traction rod 123 into the anchor bolt assembly hole 122. The fixing method can be by threading, locking, or clamping. In this embodiment, the traction rod 123 is threaded into the anchor bolt assembly hole 122, and then using... The pile driver drives its connecting rod 51 to strike the manta ray anchor 1, causing the manta ray anchor 1 to be inserted into the seabed. The manta ray anchor 1 first contacts the seabed with its anchor head 113, which is connected to the seabed by the leading tooth end 1141 and the head tooth end 1131. When the connecting rod 51 strikes the manta ray anchor 1, it can first drill through the seabed through its leading tooth end 1141 and the head tooth end 1131. Its leading tooth end 1141 and the head tooth end 1131 can also break through hard objects such as rocks in the seabed. Then, as the anchor head 113 passes through the seabed, it can smoothly pass through the head bevels 1132 on both sides.

[0034] As shown in Figure 7, this is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the manta ray anchor 1 of the present invention being driven into the seabed. When the anchor head 113 of the manta ray anchor 1 enters the seabed, the leading extension 1142 contacts the seabed. When the leading extension 1142 enters the seabed, it can smoothly pass through the seabed through the arrangement of the teeth 1143, and can also drill through hard objects such as rocks in the seabed. Furthermore, the arrangement of the first inclined side 1111 and the second inclined side 1121 allows the first extension 111 and the second extension 112 to pass through the seabed, thereby solving the resistance formed at conventional traction points. Moreover, the width and length of the anchor assembly 12 are both smaller than the width and length of the leading extension 1142, so the leading extension 1142 can pass through the teeth 1143. After the toothed part 1143 successfully enters the seabed, its anchor bolt assembly 12 can smoothly enter the seabed through the leading part 1142. When the anchor head 113, the leading part 1142, the main traction member, the first part 111, and the second part 112 of the manta ray anchor 1 all enter the seabed, the piling machine continuously drives its connecting rod 51 to impact the manta ray anchor 1. The connecting rod 51 can also be connected with extension rods to lengthen the connecting rod 51 according to the depth of the manta ray anchor 1, so that the manta ray anchor 1 is completely inserted into the seabed and reaches a certain depth. The certain depth is such that the end edge of the traction rod 123 is buried in the seabed, and the insertion depth is more than the length of the traction rod 123 plus 1.5 times the length of the manta ray anchor 1.

[0035] After the manta ray anchor 1 is inserted into the seabed to a depth of at least 1.5 times its height, the anchor traction and extension step S3 begins, as shown in Figure 8. First, the screw 124 is fixed to the traction rod 123. The top of the traction rod 123 may be buried in the seabed. However, when the manta ray anchor 1 is struck by the piling machine's connecting rod 51, the seabed at the anchor insertion point will loosen. Therefore, the top of the traction rod 123 can be exposed by moving the sand, allowing the screw 124 to be fixed to the traction rod 123. The screw 124 passes through the seabed and extends vertically onto the traction rod 123. Furthermore, the fixing relationship between the screw 124 and the traction rod 123 is not limited to a single screw. The screw 124 and the traction rod 123 can be fixed by one of the following methods: screwing, locking, or locking. In this step, the connecting rod 51 needs to be pulled out of the anchor drive hole 115 of the manta ray anchor 1. Sand may enter the connection between the connecting rod 51 and the anchor drive hole 115 due to the impact of the connecting rod 51 on the manta ray anchor 1. Therefore, the vibration of the crusher 5 and the buoyancy of the buoyancy bag 6 can be used to pull the connecting rod 51 out of the anchor drive hole 115 of the manta ray anchor 1. In this step, the manta ray anchor 1 is inserted into the seabed to a depth greater than the length of the traction rod 123 plus 1.5 times the length of the manta ray anchor 1. The screw 124 passes through the seabed and extends vertically onto the traction rod 123.

[0036] The manta ray anchor 1 is inserted into the seabed to a depth greater than or equal to the length of the towing rod 123 plus 1.5 times the length of the manta ray anchor 1. After the screw 124 passes through the seabed and extends vertically onto the towing rod 123, the anchor traction and fixing step S4 is entered. As shown in Figure 9, the counterweight seat 4 is first fitted onto the screw 124. The counterweight seat 4 is lifted above the screw 124, and the screw 124 passes through the plate hole 411 and the seat channel 421. Then the counterweight seat 4 is placed on the seabed, and the counterweight seat 4 is stably laid on the seabed by the base plate 41.

[0037] As shown in Figure 10, the counterweight base 4 is stably laid on the seabed by the base plate 41. After the screw 124 passes through the plate hole 411 and the base channel 421, the jack assembly 3 is fitted onto the screw 124. After the jack assembly 3 is lifted above the screw 124, the screw 124 passes through the plunger channel 311 and then through the jack assembly 3. The jack assembly 3 is then mounted on the bearing member 42 by the base frame 33. The base frame 33 is mounted between adjacent limiting blocks 422 and is limited by the limiting blocks 422, so that the jack assembly 3 can be stably mounted on the counterweight base 4. The jack assembly 3 can be connected to an external pipeline to achieve the purpose of support.

[0038] As shown in Figure 11, the counterweight base 4 is stably laid on the seabed by the base plate 41, and after the screw 4 passes through the plate hole 411, the base channel 421 and the plunger channel 311, the outer cylinder 21 can be fitted onto the screw 4 and mounted on the jack assembly 3. The outer cylinder 21 can be fitted around the screw 4 by the outer cylinder channel 212, so that the screw 4 passes through the outer cylinder channel 212. After the screw 4 passes through the outer cylinder channel 212, the outer cylinder 21 is placed in the plunger channel 311, and the top part 21 of the outer cylinder is placed on the plunger 31.

[0039] As shown in Figure 12, the counterweight base 4 is stably laid on the seabed by the base plate 41, and the screw 124 is installed on the plunger 31 through the plate hole 411, the base channel 421 and the plunger channel 311, and the screw 124 is installed on the plunger 31 through the outer cylinder channel 212 and the outer cylinder 21. Then the inner sleeve 22 can be screwed onto the screw 124 through the inner thread hole 221, and the inner sleeve 22 is screwed into the outer cylinder channel 212 until the top of the outer cylinder top abutment 211 of the outer cylinder 21 engages with the inner sleeve top abutment 222. The screw 124 is also screwed onto the inner thread hole 221. In this way, the jack accessory 2 can be stably screwed onto the screw 124 through the arrangement of the inner sleeve 22 and the outer cylinder 21.

[0040] The counterweight base 4 is stably laid on the seabed by the base plate 41, and the screw 124 passes through the plate hole 411, the base channel 421, and the plunger channel 311. The screw 124 is also mounted on the plunger 31 through the outer cylinder channel 212 and the outer cylinder 21. After the screw 124 is screwed and fixed to the inner screw hole 221, the anchor traction rotation step S5 is entered. As shown in Figure 13, the jack assembly can be operated by the handle 32. The plunger 31 of component 3 moves upward, while the bottom of the jack assembly 3 is supported on the seabed by the base plate 41 of the counterweight seat 4. When the plunger 31 moves upward, it pushes the outer cylinder 21. At the same time, the outer cylinder abutment 211 of the outer cylinder 21 abuts against the inner sleeve abutment 222 of the inner sleeve 22, causing the inner sleeve 22 to drive the screw 124 upward. As the screw 124 rises, Simultaneously, the screw 124 drives the traction rod 123 upward. As the traction rod 123 pushes upward, the anchor body 11 and the anchor bolt assembly 12 rotate and unfold around the pivot 121 due to seabed resistance. This causes the anchor body 11 and the anchor bolt assembly 12 to be in a mutually unfolded state beneath the seabed, allowing the anchor body 11 to be pulled and rotated through the anchor bolt assembly 12, thus burying the manta ray anchor 1 and the anchor bolt assembly 12 in an unfolded state. In the seabed, the deployment state of the anchor bolt assembly 12 and the anchor body 11 depends on the angle at which the anchor body 11 is driven into the seabed. The optimal deployment angle is when the anchor bolt assembly 12 and the anchor body 11 are deployed vertically, and the anchor body 11 is buried horizontally in the seabed. In this way, the jack accessory 2 can be stably screwed onto the screw 124 through the configuration of the inner sleeve 22 and the outer cylinder 21, and can be conveniently used to pull the screw 124 upward.

[0041] Furthermore, if the distance the screw 124 rises is insufficient to allow the manta ray anchor 1 to be horizontally buried in the seabed, the plunger 31 can be returned to its original position, and then the position of its outer cylinder 21 can be adjusted. The outer cylinder 21 is then placed on the plunger 31 again, and the inner sleeve 22 is screwed onto the screw 124 through the inner threaded hole 221. The inner sleeve 22 is then screwed into the outer cylinder channel 212 until the outer cylinder abutment 211 of the outer cylinder 21 engages with the inner sleeve abutment 222. Then, the operating handle 32 is used to move the plunger 31 of the jack assembly 3 upward, causing the inner sleeve 22 to drive the screw 124 upward. This achieves the effect of easily changing the position of the clamping screw 124 and stably clamping and pulling the screw 124 upward.

[0042] Thus, the manta ray anchor 1 can be stably inserted and drilled into the seabed by means of the leading extension 1142, and the anchor bolt assembly 12 can be buried in the seabed at the same time. The jack accessory 2 can be stably screwed and clamped onto the screw 124 by means of the configuration of the inner sleeve 22 and the outer cylinder 21, and can be conveniently used to pull the screw 124 upward. In addition, the anchor body 11 can be pulled to rotate in the seabed by means of the anchor bolt assembly 12, so that the anchor body 11 and the anchor bolt assembly 12 are buried in the seabed in an unfolded state, thereby achieving the functions of being stably inserted and drilled into the seabed and being able to be pulled and rotated.

[0043] Furthermore, when the operating handle 32 causes the plunger 31 of the jack assembly 3 to move upward, the pressure gauge 34 can also be used to determine whether the manta ray anchor 1 is stably buried in the seabed. When the pressure of the pressure gauge 34 is normal (high value), it means that the manta ray anchor 1 is stably and successfully buried in the seabed. Therefore, the jack assembly 3 needs to exert more force to lift the manta ray anchor 1. Conversely, if the pressure of the pressure gauge 34 is too low, it means that the jack assembly 3 does not need to exert too much force to lift the manta ray anchor 1, which also means that the manta ray anchor 1 is not stably buried in the seabed.

[0044] In addition, as shown in Figure 15, the outer cylinder 21 may be further provided with an expansion cylinder 23. The expansion cylinder 23 is disposed below the outer cylinder 21, and the expansion cylinder 23 has an expansion cylinder channel 231, which connects to the outer cylinder channel 212. The counterweight base 4 is stably laid on the seabed by the base plate 41. After the screw 124 passes through the plate hole 411, the base channel 421, and the plunger channel 311, the expansion cylinder 23 can be first fitted onto the screw 124 and mounted on the jack assembly 3. Then, the outer cylinder 21 can be fitted onto the screw 124 and mounted on the expansion cylinder 23. The operating handle 32 can then be used to operate the counterweight base 4. The plunger 31 of the jack assembly 3 moves upward, while the bottom of the jack assembly 3 is supported on the seabed by the base plate 41 of the counterweight seat 4. When the plunger 31 moves upward, it pushes the expansion cylinder 23 and the outer cylinder 21. When the outer cylinder 21 is pushed, the top 211 of the outer cylinder 21 abuts against the top 222 of the inner sleeve of the inner sleeve 22, causing the inner sleeve 22 to drive the screw 124 to rise. As the screw 124 rises, the manta ray anchor 1 at the bottom of the screw 124 rotates due to its tension and the resistance of the seabed, and the anchor body 11 and the anchor bolt assembly 12 are buried in the seabed in an unfolded state.

[0045] After the anchor body 11 and the anchor bolt assembly 12 are buried in the seabed in an unfolded state, multiple manta ray anchors 1 are buried in the seabed of the preset anchoring area in the aforementioned steps. In this embodiment, three manta ray anchors 1 are buried in the preset anchoring area. After the screws 124 of each manta ray anchor 1 are removed, the anchoring point step S6 is entered. As shown in Figure 16, a bottom traction cable 7 is assembled on each traction rod 123. The other end of each bottom traction cable 7 is connected to a connecting component 71. The connection component 71 is connected to one end of a relay cable 8, and a relay buoy 81 is connected to the other end of the relay cable 8. One end of a counterweight cable 9 is connected to the relay buoy 81, and an extension component 91 and a floating buoy 92 are connected to the other end of the counterweight cable 9. A counterweight block 93 is suspended on the counterweight cable 9. A mooring line 94 is also connected to the extension component 91, and at least one extension buoy 941 is provided on the mooring line 94.

[0046] Furthermore, a shackle is first installed on the traction rod 123, and a shackle is also provided at the end edge where the bottom traction cable 7 is connected to the traction rod 123. The two shackles are connected by a figure-eight loop. The other end of each bottom traction cable 7 is also provided with a shackle, and the shackle at the other end is also connected to the connecting component 71 by a figure-eight loop. In this embodiment, the connecting component 71 is a shackle. Therefore, the three bottom traction cables 7 are connected to the same connecting component 71, which is a shackle. The connecting component 71 is also connected to one end of a relay cable 8, and the other end of the relay cable 8 is connected to the relay float 81. The relay float 81 and the relay cable 8 can also be connected by shackles and figure-eight loops. The relay float 81 is also provided with... The counterweight cable 9 is provided, and the relay buoy 81 can be connected to the counterweight cable 9 by components such as shackles and figure-eight rings. The counterweight cable 9 is provided with the counterweight block 93, and the relay buoy 81 is pulled by the counterweight block 93 to stay below the sea surface. The other end of the counterweight cable 9 is provided with the extension component 91. In this embodiment, the extension component 91 is a shackle, and the floating buoy 92 is provided on the extension component 91. The floating buoy 92 and the extension component 91 can also be connected by figure-eight rings. The extension component 91 is also provided with a mooring line 94, which can also be connected to the extension component 91 by figure-eight rings. The mooring line 94 is provided with the extension buoy 941.

[0047] In the implementation of the anchoring step S6, each cable and each buoy may be equipped with a shackle and a figure-eight ring. The shackle and figure-eight ring can be set to reduce the force of the ocean current and prevent the manta ray anchor 1 from being pulled directly by the ocean current.

[0048] In addition, three manta ray anchors 1 are buried in the pre-set anchoring area. This is mainly to effectively enhance the anchoring force of the manta ray anchors 1, and also to prevent the floating buoy 92 and the mooring line 94 from drifting when a single manta ray anchor 1 is pulled up, and the manta ray anchor 1 from hitting marine life.

[0049] Furthermore, the relay buoy 81 and the floating buoy 92 are mainly used to buffer the impact of ocean currents through the two buoys. When the floating buoy 92 is damaged, its underwater anchoring position can also be known through the relay buoy 81 in the sea.

[0050] Therefore, when the working vessel or marine equipment needs to be anchored at sea, its underwater anchoring position can be determined through its floating buoy 92 or relay buoy 81, and the working vessel or marine equipment can be fixed to the mooring line 94, so that the working vessel or marine equipment can be anchored at sea, thereby achieving the effect of rapid anchoring. The manta ray anchor 1 is stably buried in the seabed and is pulled up by the relay buoy 81 along with the bottom towing line 7. The counterweight line 9 is pulled up by the floating buoy 92 and floats on the water surface along with the mooring line 94. When the working vessel or marine equipment is fixed to the mooring line 94, the manta ray anchor 1, the bottom towing line 7, and the counterweight line 9 will not collide with marine life due to drifting at sea.

[0051] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater anchoring method, comprising: A device preparation step involves securing a jack assembly and a counterweight base to at least one buoyancy bag and placing them in a pre-designated anchoring area on the seabed. A breaker is secured to at least another buoyancy bag and kept perpendicular to the seabed. A manta ray anchor comprising an anchor body and an anchor bolt assembly, multiple tow rods, at least one screw, and jack accessories are placed in the pre-designated anchoring area on the seabed. An anchoring step involves vertically inserting the manta ray anchor into the pre-designated anchoring area and securing it to an anchor bolt hole in the anchor bolt assembly using a tow rod. The assembly is then pivotally connected to a leading pivot portion of the leading extension of the anchor body, keeping the manta ray anchor vertical. A crusher then drives a connecting rod to vertically impact the manta ray anchor, causing its head to contact the seabed. The anchor head, with a leading tooth and a prong tooth, contacts and drills through the seabed and hard objects. The leading extension then contacts the seabed again. As the leading extension enters the seabed, it passes through one of its teeth, drills through the seabed and hard objects, and finally inserts the manta ray anchor into the seabed. The depth is greater than or equal to the length of the tow bar plus 1.5 times the length of the manta ray anchor; In the first anchor traction extension step, the screw is fixed to the tow bar and extended vertically to the seabed, then the counterweight seat is fitted onto the screw; In the first anchor traction fixing step, the counterweight seat is first fitted onto the screw and stably laid on the seabed, then the jack assembly is fitted onto the screw and mounted on the counterweight seat, and one of the jack accessories' outer cylinders is fitted onto the screw and mounted on one of the jack accessories' plunger parts, then one of the jack accessories' inner sleeves is fitted onto the screw... The inner thread is screwed onto the screw, and the inner sleeve is screwed into the outer cylinder until the top of one of the outer cylinder abutments engages with the top of one of the inner sleeve abutments. The screw is also screwed onto the inner thread. In an anchor traction and rotation step, the jack assembly is operated to raise the plunger and push the outer cylinder. The top of the outer cylinder abuts against the top of the inner sleeve and pushes up the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve pulls the screw up and pulls the traction rod, so that the pulling force of the traction rod pulls the manta ray anchor to rotate and be horizontally buried in the seabed.

2. The underwater anchoring method as described in claim 1, wherein in the anchoring step, the manta ray anchor is inserted into the seabed to a depth such that the end edge of the tow bar is buried in the seabed, and after the manta ray anchor is inserted into the seabed to a depth greater than or equal to the length of the tow bar plus 1.5 times the length of the manta ray anchor, the linkage rod is pulled out from the manta ray anchor by the vibration of the crusher and the buoyancy of the buoyancy bag.

3. The underwater anchoring method as described in claim 1, wherein multiple horizontally buried manta ray anchors are installed in the seabed of the pre-set anchoring area, and after the bolts of each manta ray anchor are removed, an anchoring step is performed. A bottom traction cable is installed on each traction bar, and the other end of each bottom traction cable is connected to a connecting component. The connecting component is connected to one end of a relay cable, and the other end of the relay cable is equipped with a relay buoy. One end of a counterweight cable is connected to the relay buoy, and the other end of the counterweight cable is equipped with an extension component and a floating buoy is installed on the extension component. A counterweight block is suspended on the counterweight cable, and a mooring line is also installed on the extension component. At least one extension buoy is installed on the mooring line.

4. The underwater anchoring method as described in claim 1, wherein a leading protrusion is formed on the anchor body, a leading extension is formed at one end of the leading protrusion, a toothed portion is formed on the outer side of the leading extension, an anchor drive hole is formed on the anchor body, and a linkage rod system is inserted into the anchor drive hole, and is configured with the traction rod system and the anchor bolt assembly hole, and the traction rod system and the anchor bolt assembly hole can be fixed by one of the following configuration methods: threaded fastening, locking by a locking mechanism, or locking by a clamping mechanism.

5. The underwater anchoring method as described in claim 1, wherein the outer cylinder body has an outer cylinder channel, and the inner sleeve system is disposed within the outer cylinder channel.

6. The underwater anchoring method as described in claim 1, wherein the jack assembly is provided with the plunger component inside and an operating handle is provided on the outside and at least one base frame at the bottom, the operating handle controls the vertical displacement of the plunger component, and a plunger channel is formed inside the plunger component, and the screw passes through the plunger channel.

7. The underwater anchoring method as described in claim 6, wherein a base plate is provided at the bottom of the counterweight base, a plate hole is formed on the base plate, and two bearing members are provided on the counterweight base, forming a body channel between them. Each bearing member is provided with a plurality of limiting blocks, and the base frame is mounted on the bearing members and limited by the limiting blocks. The plate hole is connected to the body channel, and the screw passes through the plate hole and the body channel.

8. An underwater anchoring device, comprising: A manta ray anchor, comprising an anchor body and an anchor bolt assembly, wherein the anchor body has an anchor head and a leading protrusion, the end edge of the anchor head has a toothed tip, and one end of the leading protrusion has a leading extension, the outer side of the leading extension has a toothed portion, and one end of the leading protrusion has a leading toothed tip; the anchor body has an anchor drive hole, and the anchor bolt assembly is connected by a pivot to a leading pivot portion of the leading extension. The system is interconnected, and an anchor bolt assembly has an anchor bolt hole, on which a traction rod is mounted; and a jack fitting, which has an outer cylinder and an inner sleeve. The outer cylinder has an outer cylinder top abutment and an outer cylinder channel inside. The inner sleeve is disposed in the outer cylinder channel and has an internal threaded hole that is screwed to a screw rod. The inner sleeve has an inner sleeve top abutment that engages with the outer cylinder top abutment.

9. The underwater anchoring device as described in claim 8, wherein the outer cylinder system is mounted on a jack assembly, the jack assembly has a plunger inside, an operating handle on the outside, and at least one base frame at the bottom, the outer cylinder system is mounted on the plunger, the operating handle controls the vertical displacement of the plunger, a plunger channel is formed inside the plunger, the jack assembly is mounted on a counterweight base, a base plate is provided at the bottom of the counterweight base, a plate hole is formed on the base plate, two bearing members are mounted on the counterweight base and form a body channel between them, each bearing member is provided with a plurality of limiting blocks, the base frame is mounted on the bearing members and limited by the limiting blocks, and the plate hole is connected to the body channel.

10. The underwater anchoring device as described in claim 9, wherein one end of the screw is assembled with the traction rod, and the one end of the screw and the traction rod can be fixed by one of the following assembly methods: threaded fastening, locking by a locking mechanism, or locking by a clamping mechanism, and the screw is threaded through the plate hole, the seat channel, the plunger channel, and the internal threaded hole and is threaded with the internal threaded hole.

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