Interaction system and interaction method for quantum computing

Abstract

An interactive system and a method for quantum computing are disclosed. The interactive system includes a quantum computing device and a spherical pointer subsystem. The spherical pointer subsystem primarily consists of a pointing control component placed inside a sphere and a sphere control component positioned outside the sphere. Through this setup, the interactive method for quantum computing enables the quantum computing device to calculate the target latitude azimuth angle and target longitude azimuth angle based on a quantum gate selection value. Subsequently, the pointing control component and sphere control component work together to move the pointing element to the target direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an interactive system and method, and more particularly to an interactive system and method for quantum computing. Prior Technology

[0002] In the early 1980s, Richard Feynman proposed that quantum computers could solve many intractable problems. With the rapid development of quantum computers, this technology has become increasingly important to countries around the world. One of the foundations for developing quantum computing is familiarity with quantum mechanics, but due to its complex mathematical formulas and concepts, a widespread understanding of quantum operations is difficult. Therefore, many experts and scholars advocate for the development of quantum computing.

[0003] However, the complex and abstract concepts of quantum mechanics are often a major challenge for teachers in the teaching process. To date, many researchers have proposed different approaches to improve understanding of quantum computing. One such approach is to teach quantum computing software engineering rather than physics through a lens. This is intended for students with a background in programming and linear algebra, but not necessarily a physics major.

[0004] The visualization tool QNotation is used to help learners explore quantum circuits, such as Dirac and matrix representations. According to a recent study on quantum pictorialism, it is suggested that using images to teach quantum computing is better than learning it with traditional, complex mathematical formulas. This is because graphic teaching can help remove potential learning barriers, making concepts easier for students to understand and accept. Visualization can increase learners' willingness to learn and understand quantum computing.

[0005] An interactive system for displaying quantum computing using a Bloch sphere has been created in the existing technology. However, since the existing interactive system uses a Mecanum wheel to drive the rotation of the Bloch sphere, it requires complex calculations and control to display the results of quantum computing through the Bloch sphere, which is very inconvenient. In addition, the mechanism for driving the rotation of the Bloch sphere using a Mecanum wheel is also relatively complex, which relatively increases the construction cost of the entire mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Given that prior art has seen very little research on hardware-based quantum computing, the principles of quantum computing are not easily understood by the average person. While existing technologies include systems that use Mecanum wheels to drive the rotation of Bloch spheres to represent the results of quantum computing, the computation and control required are extremely complex, and the mechanism for using Mecanum wheels to drive the rotation of Bloch spheres is also quite complex. Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide an interactive system and method for quantum computing, so that through human-computer interaction, more people can more easily understand the principles of quantum computing and the potential benefits it brings.

[0007] To address the problems of prior art, the present invention provides an interactive quantum computing system comprising a quantum computing device and a spherical pointer subsystem.

[0008] The quantum computing device allows the user to input a quantum gate selection value and calculates a target direction using a quantum operation based on the quantum gate selection value. The target direction includes a target latitude direction angle and a target longitude direction angle.

[0009] The spherical pointer subsystem includes a sphere, a pointing control component, a sphere control component, and a control module. The sphere comprises a spherical shell and a carrier disk. The spherical shell is defined with a mutually perpendicular x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis corresponding to a coordinate system, with the z-axis extending vertically from the center of the sphere. The carrier disk is disposed within the spherical shell and has a centrally cut hole.

[0010] The steering control assembly includes a first steering motor, a steering element, and a first drive element. The first steering motor is disposed on the carrier plate. The steering element is connected to the first steering motor and is rotatably disposed in the central bore about the x-axis, driven by the first steering motor, and is pre-positioned on the z-axis extending in the vertical direction. The first drive element is electrically connected to the first steering motor and drives the first steering motor to rotate the steering element.

[0011] The ball control assembly includes a ball support, a second steering motor, and a second drive element. The ball support is fixed to the bottom of the ball. The second steering motor is connected to the ball support. The second drive element is electrically connected to the second steering motor to drive the second steering motor to rotate the ball support and the ball about the z-axis as the rotation axis.

[0012] The control module is communicatively connected to the quantum computing device, the first driving element, and the second driving element to receive the target latitude direction angle and the target longitude direction angle. Based on the target latitude direction angle, the first driving element is driven to control the rotation of the pointing element, and based on the target longitude direction angle, the second driving element is driven to control the rotation of the sphere, thereby moving the pointing element to the position pointed to by the target.

[0013] In one of the auxiliary technical means derived from the aforementioned necessary technical means, the spherical shell further includes a hemispherical base and a hemispherical cover. The hemispherical cover is detachably fitted onto the hemispherical base, and the carrier is detachably embedded in the upper edge of the hemispherical base, so that when the hemispherical cover is fitted onto the hemispherical base, the carrier is positioned relative to the center of the spherical shell.

[0014] In one of the auxiliary technical means derived from the aforementioned necessary technical means, the pointing control component further includes a wireless receiver, which is electrically connected to the first driving element and wirelessly connected to the control module.

[0015] The present invention also provides an interactive method for quantum computing, which is implemented using the aforementioned interactive system for quantum computing. This interactive method includes: firstly, preparing the spherical pointer subsystem such that the pointing element is correspondingly located on the z-axis; then, the quantum computing device performs quantum operations based on the quantum gate selection value to calculate the target latitude and longitude directions; next, the control module receives at least one of the target latitude and longitude directions and sends a latitude control signal to the first driving element based on the target latitude direction, or sends a longitude control signal to the second driving element based on the target longitude direction; finally, the first driving element controls the first steering motor based on the latitude control signal to move the pointing element along the target latitude direction, and the second driving element controls the second steering motor based on the longitude control signal to move the sphere along the target longitude direction, thereby moving the pointing element to the target direction.

[0016] As described above, this invention utilizes a quantum computing device to perform quantum computing, and through a control module, it uses a pointer control component or a sphere control component to actually simulate and present the changes of the Bloch sphere on a physical sphere pointer subsystem. This transforms the abstract quantum computing results into a visualized visual image. In this way, users can not only understand the so-called quantum superposition state in qubits by inputting different quantum logic gates, but also gain a deeper understanding of quantum computing.

[0017] The specific embodiments adopted in this invention will be further explained through the following embodiments and drawings. Simple Explanation of the Diagram

[0018] The first figure shows a perspective view of the spherical pointer subsystem provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention; The second figure shows an exploded perspective view of the spherical pointer subsystem provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; The third figure shows a three-dimensional exploded view of some components of the spherical pointer subsystem provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; The fourth figure shows a circuit block diagram of the spherical pointer subsystem provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; The fifth figure shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the Bloch sphere simulated by the spherical pointer subsystem of the quantum computing interactive system of the present invention; The sixth figure is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing the rotation of the pointing element of the present invention according to the target direction calculated by quantum computing; and Figure 7 shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sphere of the present invention rotating according to the target direction calculated by quantum computing. Implementation

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1 through 4. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the spherical pointer subsystem provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the spherical pointer subsystem provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 shows an exploded perspective view of some components of the spherical pointer subsystem provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 4 shows a circuit block diagram of the spherical pointer subsystem provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a spherical pointer subsystem 2 includes a sphere 21, a pointing control component 22, a sphere control component 23, and a control module 24. The sphere 21 includes a spherical housing 211 and a carrier disk 212. The spherical housing 211 includes a hemispherical base 2111 and a hemispherical cover 2112, and the hemispherical cover 2112 is detachably fitted onto the hemispherical base 2111. The carrier 212 is detachably embedded in the upper edge of the hemispherical base 2111, so that when the hemispherical cover 2112 is closed on the hemispherical base 2111, the carrier 212 is positioned at the center of the spherical shell 211. The carrier 212 also has a central cutout 2121, an internal power supply hole 2122, a wiring through hole 2123 and an edge notch 2124, and the edge notch 2124 is for the user to take the entire carrier 212.

[0021] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the sphere 21 is a transparent sphere, and the hemispherical base 2111, the hemispherical cover 2112 and the carrier plate 212 are all transparent structures. In practice, for example, they are structures made of acrylic, but not limited to this. In other embodiments, the sphere 21 may also be a semi-transparent structure or a mesh structure.

[0022] As described above, the spherical shell 211 is defined with a mutually perpendicular x-axis, a y-axis and a z-axis corresponding to a coordinate system. The z-axis extends from a center of the sphere (not shown) along a vertical direction D1, the x-axis extends from the center of the sphere along a first horizontal direction D2 perpendicular to the vertical direction D1, and the y-axis extends from the center of the sphere along a second horizontal direction D3 perpendicular to both the vertical direction D1 and the first horizontal direction D2. The central bore 2121 extends along the second horizontal direction D3.

[0023] The pointing control assembly 22 includes a first steering motor 221, a pointing element 222, a first drive element 223, a wireless receiver 224, and a battery unit 225. The first steering motor 221 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the carrier plate 212 by two brackets (not shown in the figure), and the axis of the output shaft of the first steering motor 221 is coaxial with the x-axis; wherein, the first steering motor 221 is actually a stepper motor.

[0024] The pointing element 222 includes a pivot end 2221 and a pointing end 2222, which are disposed opposite to each other. The pivot end 2221 is connected to the first steering motor 221 and is rotatably inserted through the central hole 2121 about the x-axis, driven by the first steering motor 221, and is pre-positioned to extend vertically in the z-axis direction D1. In practice, the pivot end 2221 is sleeved and fixed to the output shaft of the first steering motor 221. Furthermore, since the pointing element 222 is rotatably inserted through the central hole 2121 about the x-axis, when the central hole 2121 extends along the second horizontal direction D3, the pointing element 222 is equivalent to being able to rotate in the plane of the y-axis and z-axis.

[0025] The first driving element 223 is disposed on the upper surface of the carrier 212 and electrically connected to the first steering motor 221 to drive the first steering motor 221 to rotate the pointing element 222; wherein, the first driving element 223 is actually a motor drive board, and the wires connecting the first driving element 223 and the first steering motor 221 pass through the wiring through hole 2123 to connect the two respectively disposed on different surfaces of the carrier 212.

[0026] The wireless receiver 224 is electrically connected to the first drive element 223. The battery unit 225 is mounted and fixed to the lower surface of the carrier plate 212 through a battery box (not shown), and the battery unit 225 is exposed from the internal power supply hole 2122; wherein, the battery unit 225 is electrically connected to the first steering motor 221, the first drive element 223 and the wireless receiver 224.

[0027] The ball control assembly 23 includes a ball receiving seat 231, a second steering motor 232, and a second drive element 233 (not shown in the first figure, but indicated in the fourth figure). The ball receiving seat 231 is fixedly attached to the bottom of the hemispherical base 2111. The second steering motor 232 is fixedly connected to the ball receiving seat 231 with its output shaft; wherein, the axis of the output shaft of the second steering motor 232 is coaxial with the z-axis, thereby allowing the ball 21 to rotate in the plane of the x-axis and y-axis with the z-axis as the axis of rotation.

[0028] The second drive element 233 is electrically connected to the second steering motor 232 and is used to drive the second steering motor 232 to drive the ball bearing seat 231 and the ball 21 to rotate around the z-axis.

[0029] The control module 24 includes a processing unit 241 and a wireless communication unit 242. The processing unit 241 is communicatively connected to a quantum computing device 1, and the wireless communication unit 242 is electrically connected to the processing unit 241 and the second driving element 233, and wirelessly connected to the wireless receiver 224. The processing unit 241 is used to receive the target latitude and longitude directions output by the quantum computing device 1, and thereby drive the first driving element 223 to control the rotation of the pointing element 222 according to the target latitude direction angle, or drive the second driving element 233 to control the rotation of the ball 21 according to the target longitude direction angle, so as to move the pointing element 222 to the target pointing position.

[0030] It should be noted that the present invention also provides a quantum computing interactive system 100, which includes the aforementioned quantum computing device 1 and spherical pointer subsystem 2; wherein, the quantum computing device 1 is, for example, an electronic device capable of executing computation programs to perform quantum computations, such as a computer host, tablet computer, or smartphone. Furthermore, the control module 24 may be a circuit module built into the quantum computing device 1, or a circuit module externally connected to the quantum computing device 1.

[0031] As described above, the quantum computing device 1 is equipped with a quantum computing interactive program, which allows the user to input a quantum gate selection value, and then send the target latitude direction angle or the target longitude direction angle to the control module 24 according to the quantum gate selection value, so that the control module 24 drives the first driving element 223 or the second driving element 233 according to the target latitude direction angle or the target longitude direction angle.

[0032] Furthermore, the quantum computing interactive program installed on the quantum computing device 1 provides an operating interface for users to operate, allowing users to select qubits and quantum logic gates through the operating interface. In this embodiment, the qubits selectable through the operating interface are |0⟩ and |1⟩, and the selectable gates are X gate, Y gate, Z gate, and H gate; wherein each quantum logic gate can be represented as follows: X= ;Y= ;Z= ;H=

[0033] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the Bloch sphere simulated by the spherical pointer subsystem of the quantum computing interactive system of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the quantum computing interactive program installed on the quantum computing device 1 also displays the Bloch sphere corresponding to the coordinate system of the spherical shell 211; wherein, the Bloch sphere is named after the Swiss physicist Felix Bloch, and is used to describe a geometric representation of the pure state space in a two-state quantum system; in addition, the north and south poles of the Bloch sphere BS are represented by the most basic qubits |0⟩ and |1⟩, respectively, thereby forming a standard orthogonal basis. The qubits |0⟩ and |1⟩ can be represented by the following equation (1): (1)

[0034] And any quantum state |ψ⟩ can be represented by the following equations (2) and (3): |ψ⟩=α|0⟩+β|1⟩ (2) |ψ =cos(θ / 2)|0 +ℯ iφsin(θ / 2)|1 (3)

[0035] From equations (2) and (3) above, we can obtain α=cos(θ / 2) and β=ℯ iφsin(θ / 2), while it is necessary to satisfy |α| 2+|β| 2=1, where α and β are complex coefficients; where θ is the angle between the x-axis and the z-axis plane, which is between 0 and π; φ is the angle between the x-axis and the y-axis plane, which is between 0 and 2π.

[0036] As mentioned above, taking the quantum state |ψ'⟩ obtained by the qubit |0⟩ via the X-gate as an example, it can be represented by the following equation (4): (4)

[0037] Since α = cos(θ / 2) and β = ℯ iφsin(θ / 2), we can obtain θ = 180° and φ = 0°. Similarly, the θ and φ obtained by each quantum logic gate acting on the qubits of |0⟩ and |1⟩ in this embodiment are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1: Quantum bit |0⟩ |1⟩ θ φ θ φ Quantum logic gate X 180° 0° 0° 0° Y 180° 90° 0° 270° Z 0° 0° 180° 180° H 90° 0° 90° 180°

[0038] Based on the above, this embodiment also provides a quantum computing interaction method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned quantum computing interaction system 100, and the quantum computing interaction method includes the following steps S110 to S140.

[0039] Step S110 involves preparing the aforementioned spherical pointer subsystem 100, such that the pointing element 222 is correspondingly located on the z-axis.

[0040] Step S120 is that the quantum computing device 1 performs quantum operations based on the quantum gate selection value to calculate the target latitude direction angle and the target longitude direction angle.

[0041] Step S130 involves using the control module 24 to receive at least one of the target latitude direction angle and the target longitude direction angle, and sending a latitude control signal to the first drive element 223 based on the target latitude direction angle, or sending a longitude control signal to the second drive element 233 based on the target longitude direction angle.

[0042] Step S140 involves the first driving element 223 controlling the first steering motor 221 to move the pointing element 222 along the target latitude direction angle according to the latitude control signal, and the second driving element 233 controlling the second steering motor 232 to move the ball 21 along the target longitude direction angle according to the longitude control signal, thereby moving the pointing element 222 to the target pointing.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 6 and 7. Figure 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing the rotation of the pointing element of the present invention according to the target direction calculated by quantum computing; Figure 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing the rotation of the sphere of the present invention according to the target direction calculated by quantum computing.

[0044] As shown in Figures 1 to 7, in this embodiment, when the qubit is |1⟩ and the quantum logic gate is an H gate, as can be seen from Table 1 above, a target direction of θ=90° and φ=180° will be obtained. Therefore, the first driving element 223 will drive the first steering motor 221 to drive the pointing element 222 to rotate 90° along the first rotation direction R1, while the second driving element 233 will drive the second steering motor 232 to drive the ball 21 to rotate 180° along the second rotation direction R2 to move the target longitude direction angle, thereby moving the pointing element 222 to the target direction of 180°. Thus, the final position of the pointing element 222 is the target direction.

[0045] It should be noted that when the result of quantum computing includes changes in angles θ and φ, the first steering motor 221 and the second steering motor 232 can operate simultaneously or alternately without any restrictions.

[0046] Furthermore, in other embodiments, depending on the result of quantum computation, the control module 24 may also control only one of the first steering motor 221 and the second steering motor 232 to operate. For example, when the qubit is |1⟩ and the quantum logic gate is a Y gate, the control module 24 will only control the second steering motor 232 to drive the ball 21 to rotate 270° along the second rotation direction R2; while when the qubit is |0⟩ and the quantum logic gate is an X gate, the control module 24 will only control the first steering motor 221 to drive the pointing element 222 to rotate 180° along the first rotation direction R1.

[0047] In summary, compared to previous technologies, research on hardware-based quantum computing simulation is extremely limited, making it difficult for the average person to easily understand the principles of quantum computation. Even though previous technologies could use Mecanum wheels to rotate a Bloch sphere, the control system of the Mecanum wheel is extremely complex in both computation and structure, resulting in numerous limitations. This invention primarily utilizes a quantum computing device for quantum computation and, through a control module, uses a pointing control component or a sphere control component to practically simulate and present the changes in the Bloch sphere on a physical sphere pointer subsystem. This effectively transforms abstract quantum computation results into visualized visual images. Furthermore, the method by which this invention controls the changes in the target latitude and longitude directions using the pointing control component and the sphere control component respectively has the advantages of simple structure and simplified computation.

[0048] The detailed description of the preferred embodiments above is intended to more clearly illustrate the features and spirit of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to the preferred embodiments disclosed above. Rather, the aim is to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements within the scope of the patent claims made by the present invention.

[0049] 100: Interactive Systems of Quantum Computing 1: Quantum computing device 2: Sphere Pointer Subsystem 21: Sphere 211: Spherical shell 2111: Hemispherical base 2112: Hemispherical cover 212: Carrier disk 2121: Center section hole 2122: Internal power supply setting hole 2123: Through-hole for wiring 2124: Edge gap 22: Points to control components 221: First steering motor 222: Pointer element 2221: Pivot End 2222: Pointer end 223: First driving element 224: Wireless Receiver 225: Battery cell 23: Sphere Control Component 231: Sphere support 232: Second steering motor 233: Second driving element 24: Control Module D1: Vertical direction D2: First horizontal direction D3: Second horizontal direction. R1: First rotation direction R2: Second rotation direction

Claims

1. An interactive quantum computing system, comprising: a quantum computing device for a user to input a quantum gate selection value and calculate a target direction based on the quantum gate selection value through a quantum operation, wherein the target direction includes a target latitude direction angle and a target longitude direction angle; and a spherical pointer subsystem, comprising: a sphere, including: a spherical shell, defined with a mutually perpendicular x-axis, a y-axis and a z-axis corresponding to a coordinate system, wherein the z-axis extends from the center of the sphere along a vertical direction; and a carrier disk disposed within the spherical shell and having a central cutout; and a pointing control component, including: a first steering motor disposed on the carrier disk; A pointing element, connected to the first steering motor, is rotatably inserted through the central cut hole about the x-axis and pre-positioned on the z-axis extending in the vertical direction, driven by the first steering motor; and a first driving element, electrically connected to the first steering motor, drives the first steering motor to rotate the pointing element; a ball control assembly, comprising: a ball receiving seat fixed to the bottom of the ball; A second steering motor is connected to the ball bearing seat; a second drive element is electrically connected to the second steering motor to drive the second steering motor to rotate the ball bearing seat and the ball about the z-axis; and a control module is communicatively connected to the quantum computing device, the first drive element and the second drive element to receive the target latitude direction angle and the target longitude direction angle, thereby driving the first drive element to control the rotation of the pointing element according to the target latitude direction angle, and driving the second drive element to control the rotation of the ball according to the target longitude direction angle, thereby moving the pointing element to the position pointed to by the target.

2. The interactive quantum computing system as described in claim 1, wherein, The spherical shell further includes a hemispherical base and a hemispherical cover. The hemispherical cover is detachably fitted onto the hemispherical base, and the carrier is detachably embedded in the upper edge of the hemispherical base, so that when the hemispherical cover is fitted onto the hemispherical base, the carrier is positioned at the center of the spherical shell.

3. An interactive quantum computing system as described in claim 1, wherein, The pointing control component further includes a wireless receiver that is electrically connected to the first drive element and wirelessly connected to the control module.

4. A quantum computing interaction method, implemented using the quantum computing interaction system as described in claim 1, the quantum computing interaction method comprising the following steps: (A) preparing the spherical pointer subsystem such that the pointing element is correspondingly located on the z-axis; (B) the quantum computing device performing the quantum operation based on the quantum gate selection value to calculate the target latitude direction angle and the target longitude direction angle; (C) receiving at least one of the target latitude direction angle and the target longitude direction angle using the control module, and issuing a latitude control signal to the first driving element based on the target latitude direction angle, or issuing a longitude control signal to the second driving element based on the target longitude direction angle; and (D) the first driving element controlling the first steering motor according to the latitude control signal to move the pointing element along the target latitude direction angle, and the second driving element controlling the second steering motor according to the longitude control signal to move the sphere along the target longitude direction angle, thereby moving the pointing element to the target pointing.

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