Combustible waste treatment production line

Abstract

A production line for processing combustible waste includes a screening unit, a fuel manufacturing unit, and a pellet manufacturing unit connected downstream of the screening unit. The screening unit crushes the combustible waste, separating magnetic metals and sand. After further crushing to an appropriate particle size, a weight sorting module separates the combustible waste into lighter materials and heavier materials with higher calorific value. The fuel manufacturing unit processes the materials with higher calorific value. After separating non-magnetic metals and drying, a first image recognition module separates the plastics to be excluded before a fuel pelletizing module produces solid recycled fuel. The pellet manufacturing unit processes the lighter materials, screening out pelletizing material using a second image recognition module, and then a plastic pelletizing module produces recycled plastic pellets.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a waste treatment device, and more particularly to a production line for treating combustible waste. [Previous Technology]

[0002] Regarding the treatment of various types of waste, after collection by environmental protection units or waste treatment companies, preliminary sorting must be carried out manually to facilitate further specific treatment of the various screened wastes and realize the environmental protection concept of resource reuse. However, this sorting mode is not only labor-intensive, but also affects the sorting efficiency due to manpower limitations when the amount of waste to be pre-treated is large. At the front end, the continuous influx of materials to be processed may cause plant area problems due to large accumulation. At the back end, insufficient sorting may result in low purity of sorted materials, thus creating a gap in back-end waste treatment.

[0003] In addition, if we further consider the types of waste, since some types of waste are classified as "combustible waste", they are usually incinerated. Under high-temperature incineration, the calorific value will be completely consumed, and at most only ash may be available for subsequent use. Therefore, the proportion of reusable resources after subsequent processing is very low. [Summary of the Invention]

[0004] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a combustible waste treatment production line that can fully utilize combustible waste and increase the overall added value.

[0005] Thus, the combustible waste treatment production line of the present invention includes a screening unit, a fuel manufacturing unit connected downstream of the screening unit, and a pellet manufacturing unit.

[0006] The screening unit includes a first crushing module suitable for crushing the combustible waste into a first predetermined particle size or smaller, a first magnetic separation module disposed downstream of the first crushing module for separating magnetic metals contained in the combustible waste, a screening module disposed downstream of the first magnetic separation module for separating sand and gravel contained in the combustible waste, a second crushing module disposed downstream of the screening module and suitable for crushing the combustible waste into a second predetermined particle size or smaller than the first predetermined particle size, and a weight separation module disposed downstream of the second crushing module. The weight separation module is used to separate the combustible waste into a lightweight material with a weight less than a preset weight value and a calorific value material with a weight greater than the preset weight value.

[0007] The fuel manufacturing unit is connected downstream of the weight sorting module of the screening unit and is used to process the calorific value material. The fuel manufacturing unit includes an eddy current module for separating non-magnetic metals contained in the calorific value material, a drying module disposed downstream of the eddy current module for drying the calorific value material, a first image recognition module disposed downstream of the drying module and capable of separating one type of plastic to be excluded contained in the calorific value material by image recognition, and a fuel pelletizing module disposed downstream of the first image recognition module for manufacturing the calorific value material into multiple solid recycled fuels.

[0008] The granule manufacturing unit is connected downstream of the weight sorting module of the screening unit and is used to process the lightweight material. The granule manufacturing unit includes a second image recognition module that can identify and separate a granulation material from the lightweight material by image recognition, and a plastic granulation module disposed downstream of the second image recognition module and used to manufacture the granulation material into multiple recycled plastic granules.

[0009] The advantages of this invention are: after separating magnetic metals, sand and gravel, etc., the recycled combustible waste can be crushed into appropriate particle sizes and then directly screened by the weight sorting module to select lightweight materials suitable for reprocessing into recycled plastics, as well as other calorific value materials that still have calorific value and can be made into fuel. Furthermore, in a continuous production line, through the fuel manufacturing unit and the pellet manufacturing unit, after separating the plastics that need to be excluded and classifying the materials through an image recognition mechanism, the solid recycled fuel and the recycled plastic pellets can be made respectively. This can effectively make full use of combustible waste and increase the overall added value.

Implementation Method

[0010] Referring to Figure 1, this is one embodiment of the combustible waste processing line of the present invention. This embodiment includes a screening unit 1, a fuel manufacturing unit 2 connected downstream of the screening unit 1, and a pellet manufacturing unit 3. It should be noted that this first embodiment is based on the case where the combustible waste is mainly obtained from household waste recycling. Therefore, even though it is called "combustible" waste, it is based on the rules of front-end classification. The combustible waste inevitably contains some non-combustible impurities such as metal, glass, sand and gravel. Therefore, it still needs to undergo specific sorting treatment to ensure the quality of the products made in the downstream.

[0011] The screening unit 1 includes a first crushing module 11 suitable for crushing the combustible waste into a first predetermined particle size or smaller; a first magnetic separation module 12 disposed downstream of the first crushing module 11 for separating magnetic metals contained in the combustible waste; a screening module 13 disposed downstream of the first magnetic separation module 12 for separating sand and gravel contained in the combustible waste; a second crushing module 14 disposed downstream of the screening module 13 and suitable for crushing the combustible waste into a second predetermined particle size or smaller than the first predetermined particle size; a second magnetic separation module 15 disposed downstream of the second crushing module 14 for separating magnetic metals contained in the combustible waste; and a weight separation module 16 disposed downstream of the second crushing module 14. The first crushing module 11 and the second crushing module 14 can be selected with appropriate crusher specifications based on the shape, density, weight per unit time, etc., of the combustible waste to be processed. Considering that the combustible waste mainly comes from the typical size of household garbage, the first predetermined particle size is 15 cm, and the second predetermined particle size is 5 cm. The first magnetic separation module 12 and the second magnetic separation module 15 mainly utilize the magnetism of magnetic metals such as ferrite to achieve the effect of separating magnetic metals by magnetic attraction.

[0012] It should be specifically noted that the screening module 13 is a screen disc, and the size of the screen aperture can be selected in advance based on the possible particle size of the sand and gravel, so as to remove as much sand and gravel as possible that cannot be introduced into subsequent processes or related applications at this stage. It should also be noted that the screen disc is only one way to screen out objects of a specific size, and other equivalent equipment may be used for the purpose of screening out sand and gravel.

[0013] Before introducing the unit for subsequent actual manufacturing of downstream products, since the plastic materials in household waste that are more suitable for manufacturing recycled plastics are usually lightweight polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), preliminary screening can be achieved simply by setting a preset weight value based on weight difference. Specifically, the weight sorting module 16 is a dry sorting device that uses airflow screening to separate the combustible waste into a lightweight material with a weight less than the preset weight value and a calorific value material with a weight greater than the preset weight value.

[0014] The fuel manufacturing unit 2 is connected downstream of the weight sorting module 16 of the screening unit 1 and is used to process the calorific value material. The fuel manufacturing unit 2 includes an eddy current module 21 for separating non-magnetic metals contained in the calorific value material, a drying module 22 disposed downstream of the eddy current module 21 for drying the calorific value material, a first image recognition module 23 disposed downstream of the drying module 22 and capable of separating one type of plastic to be excluded contained in the calorific value material by image recognition, and a fuel pelletizing module 24 disposed downstream of the first image recognition module 23 for manufacturing the calorific value material into multiple solid recycled fuels. Among them, non-magnetic metals that cannot be screened out by the first magnetic separation module 12 and the second magnetic separation module 15 can be excluded from the calorific value material by induction electrification of the eddy current module 21, which generates eddy currents and repulsive forces due to the non-magnetic metals. The drying module 22 is preferably a device capable of performing a mechanical heat treatment (MHT) process, and more specifically, it introduces high-temperature drying gas into a sealed chamber to achieve the drying effect.

[0015] It should be specifically noted that since household waste inevitably contains polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which produces toxic gases when burned, the first image recognition module 23 identifies PVC as the plastic to be excluded, based on the purpose of subsequently producing fuel for combustion to generate energy. Specifically, the first image recognition module 23 uses near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), irradiating the calorific value material with near-infrared light with wavelengths between infrared and visible light. By observing the differences in light absorption characteristics produced when light passes through a specific object, the difference in reflection or transmission can be used to identify specific items (in this case, the plastic to be excluded). Finally, after excluding the non-combustible, non-calorific value substances, the fuel pelletizing module 24 preferably uses a compression pelletizing mechanism to pressurize the dried material, thereby pelletizing it into a solid recycled fuel (RDF-5) with a predetermined particle size, stable quality, and high calorific value.

[0016] The granule manufacturing unit 3 is connected downstream of the weight sorting module 16 of the screening unit 1 and is used to process the lightweight material. The granule manufacturing unit 3 includes a first cleaning module 31 for cleaning the lightweight material, a second image recognition module 32 that can identify and separate a granulation material from the lightweight material by image recognition, a specific gravity sorting module 33 located downstream of the second image recognition module 32 for separating a discharge material of the granulation material according to a specific gravity reference value, a second cleaning module 34 located downstream of the specific gravity sorting module 33 for cleaning the granulation material, and a plastic granulation module 35 located downstream of the second image recognition module 32 for manufacturing the granulation material into multiple recycled plastic granules. Specifically, both the first cleaning module 31 and the second cleaning module 34 employ a water-spraying cleaning mechanism to perform preliminary cleaning of the lightweight material and a final, thorough cleaning of the granulation material, respectively, to prevent impurities such as dirt and oil from being introduced into the plastic granulation module 35. Furthermore, the gravity sorting module 33 utilizes the characteristic that the density of the granulation material subsequently introduced into the plastic granulation module 35 is always lower than that of water, thereby further screening out smaller particles that are not intended for granulation.

[0017] It is worth noting that the second image recognition module 32 of the granulation unit 3 is connected to the first image recognition module 23 of the fuel manufacturing unit 2. Specifically, the second image recognition module 32 also uses the same recognition mechanism as the first image recognition module 23 to pick out the granulation material suitable for granulation of recycled plastic from the lightweight material. Considering that the remaining material may still contain calorific value such as paper scraps and wood chips, a residual material other than the granulation material will be introduced from the second image recognition module 32 into the first image recognition module 23 of the fuel manufacturing unit 2. After the first image recognition module 23 removes the plastic to be removed, it is introduced into the fuel granulation module 24 to produce the solid recycled fuel.

[0018] Finally, the plastic granulation module 35 can be directly equipped with equipment used in general plastic granulation production lines to screen out the granulation material from the combustible waste and introduce it to produce the recycled plastic granules of the required specifications.

[0019] In summary, the combustible waste processing line of the present invention, specifically derived from household waste, can separate magnetic metals, sand, and other materials, and after crushing them to an appropriate particle size, separate lightweight materials and high-calorific-value materials through the weight sorting module 16. In a continuous production line, combined with an image recognition mechanism to separate and classify plastics that need to be excluded, reusable solid recycled fuel and recycled plastic pellets are produced. This effectively utilizes combustible waste and increases overall added value. Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is indeed achieved.

[0020] However, the above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application and the contents of the patent specification shall still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention. [Simplified Explanation of the Diagram]

[0021] Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a block flowchart illustrating one embodiment of the combustible waste treatment production line of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production line for processing combustible waste, comprising: a screening unit, including a first crushing module, adapted to crush the combustible waste into particles smaller than a first predetermined particle size, wherein, The first predetermined particle size is 15 cm; a first magnetic separation module is disposed downstream of the first crushing module and is used to separate magnetic metals contained in the combustible waste; a screening module is disposed downstream of the first magnetic separation module and is used to separate sand and gravel contained in the combustible waste; a second crushing module is disposed downstream of the screening module and is adapted to crush the combustible waste into a second predetermined particle size smaller than the first predetermined particle size, wherein the second predetermined particle size is 5 cm; and a weight separation module is disposed downstream of the second crushing module and is used to separate the combustible waste into a light material with a weight less than a preset weight value and a calorific value material with a weight greater than the preset weight value, wherein the preset weight value is greater than the weight of polypropylene and polyethylene contained in the combustible waste; A fuel manufacturing unit, connected downstream of the weight sorting module of the screening unit, is used to process the calorific value material. The fuel manufacturing unit includes an eddy current module for separating non-magnetic metals contained in the calorific value material; a drying module located downstream of the eddy current module for drying the calorific value material; a first image recognition module located downstream of the drying module and capable of separating one type of plastic to be excluded from the calorific value material using image recognition; and a fuel pelletizing module located downstream of the first image recognition module for manufacturing the calorific value material into multiple solid recycled fuels; and a... The granule manufacturing unit is connected downstream of the weight sorting module of the screening unit and is used to process the lightweight material. The granule manufacturing unit includes a second image recognition module that can identify and separate a granulation material from the lightweight material by image recognition, and a plastic granulation module disposed downstream of the second image recognition module and used to manufacture the granulation material into multiple recycled plastic granules. The second image recognition module is connected to the first image recognition module of the fuel manufacturing unit and is also used to introduce a residual material other than the granulation material into the first image recognition module of the fuel manufacturing unit.

2. The combustible waste treatment line as described in claim 1, wherein, The screening unit also includes a second magnetic separation module disposed between the second crushing module and the weight separation module, the second magnetic separation module being used to separate the magnetic metal contained in the combustible waste.

3. The combustible waste treatment line as described in claim 1, wherein, The weight sorting module of the screening unit is a dry sorting device that uses airflow for screening.

4. The combustible waste treatment line as described in claim 1, wherein, The first image recognition module of the fuel manufacturing unit identifies the plastic to be excluded as polyvinyl chloride.

5. A production line for treating combustible waste as described in claim 1, wherein, The granule manufacturing unit also includes a gravity sorting module located downstream of the second image recognition module, used to separate one of the granulation materials from the discharge material according to a specific gravity reference value.

6. The combustible waste treatment line as described in claim 1, wherein, The granule manufacturing unit also includes a first cleaning module located upstream of the second image recognition module for cleaning the lightweight material.

7. A production line for treating combustible waste as described in claim 6, wherein, The granulation unit also includes a second cleaning module disposed between the second image recognition module and the plastic granulation module, for cleaning the granulation material.

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