Methods for compensating colors and adjusting brightness and related display devices

Abstract

The embodiments disclosed herein relate to an electronic device. The electronic device includes a display and a control circuit electrically connected to the display. The display includes a pixel array. The pixels of the pixel array include a plurality of first sub-pixels defining a first color region on a chroma plane, a plurality of second sub-pixels defining a second color region on the chroma plane, and a plurality of third sub-pixels defining a third color region on the chroma plane. The control circuit includes a processor and a memory unit. The processor is configured to: receive an input image signal; generate a control signal based on the input image signal and a compensation matrix to control a pixel of the display to emit light in a virtual color gamut, wherein the virtual color gamut is in the first color region, the second color region, and the third color region, and does not overlap with any of the first color region, the second color region, or the third color region on the chromaticity plane, wherein the compensation matrix is ​​determined based on the first color region, the second color region, and the third color region; perform brightness adjustment on the control signal to generate a pixel driving signal for driving the pixel of the display; and output the pixel driving signal to the display to drive each pixel of the display to output light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for controlling or operating a display, and more particularly, to a method for compensating and adjusting a display. Prior Technology

[0002] Currently, light-emitting device ("LED") displays are being introduced. These displays offer advantages including lower power consumption, manufacturing flexibility, and higher color saturation or brightness compared to conventional liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Unlike conventional LCDs, an active-matrix organic light-emitting device ("AMOLED") display does not have a backlight because each pixel is composed of independently emitting different colored OLEDs. OLEDs emit light based on current supplied through a driving transistor. The driving transistor is typically a thin-film transistor (TFT). The driving current of the driving transistor determines the OLED brightness of the pixel. In the case of a conventional OLED display, an image or data voltage is placed on the gate of a transistor (current source) in the display pixel, feeding and controlling the amount or value of current flowing to the OLED pixel. The higher the gate voltage, the higher the current, and therefore the brighter the pixel. Typically, the voltage (e.g., control signal data) supplied to the TFT, which has source, drain, and gate terminals, is used to control the current flowing to the pixel emitter element to present an appropriate pixel image brightness.

[0003] Generally speaking, the chromaticity and brightness of LEDs or OLEDs need to be divided into several bins. These bins form an image on an LED display to avoid non-uniform display images caused by differences in color or brightness among primary color sub-pixels. A structure and method are needed for chromaticity and brightness adjustment to achieve consistent chromaticity and brightness across different grayscale levels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a method for compensating for a non-uniform color display and adjusting a brightness display.

[0005] In some embodiments, according to one example, an electronic device includes a display and control circuitry electrically connected to the display, the display including a pixel array. The pixels of the pixel array include a plurality of first sub-pixels defining a first color region on a chroma plane, a plurality of second sub-pixels defining a second color region on the chroma plane, and a plurality of third sub-pixels defining a third color region on the chroma plane. The control circuitry includes a processor and a memory unit. The processor is configured to: receive an input image signal; generate a control signal for controlling a pixel of the display to emit light in a virtual color gamut based on the input image signal and a compensation matrix, the virtual color gamut being located in the first color region, the second color region, and the third color region, and not overlapping with any of the first color region, the second color region, or the third color region on the chromaticity plane, wherein the compensation matrix is ​​determined based on the first color region, the second color region, and the third color region; adjust the brightness of the control signal to generate a driving signal for the pixel of the display; and output the signal to the display to drive each pixel to emit light.

[0006] In some embodiments, according to another embodiment, a method for operating a display includes a processor receiving a first input image signal for the display, the display including a pixel array comprising a plurality of first sub-pixels defining a first color region on a chromaticity plane, a plurality of second sub-pixels defining a second color region on the chromaticity plane, and a plurality of third sub-pixels defining a third color region on the chromaticity plane; based on the first input image signal and a compensation matrix, the processor generating a signal for controlling a pixel of the display to output light in a virtual color gamut, the virtual color gamut being in the first color region, the second color region, and the third color region and not overlapping with any of the first color region, the second color region, or the third color region on the chromaticity plane, wherein the compensation matrix is ​​determined based on the first color region, the second color region, or the third color region; the processor adjusting the brightness of the control signal to generate a signal driving the pixel of the display; and the processor outputting the pixel driving signal to the display to drive each pixel of the display to output light. Simple Explanation of the Diagram

[0007] To illustrate the advantages and features of this disclosure, a description of the disclosure is presented by reference to specific embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. These drawings are merely illustrative examples of the disclosure and are therefore not intended to limit its scope.

[0008] Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an electronic display according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0009] Figure 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of one of the control circuits according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 3 illustrates a flowchart of a method for compensating the color and adjusting the brightness of a display according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of one of the chromaticity planes according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 5A illustrates a graph showing the relationship between brightness and a pixel drive signal according to one of the comparative embodiments of this disclosure.

[0013] Figure 5B illustrates a graph showing a relationship between brightness and an adjusted pixel drive signal according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] Figure 6 illustrates a graph showing a relationship between a pixel driving signal and a control signal according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 7 illustrates a transformation table comprising a pixel driving signal and a control signal according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 8 illustrates a transformation table comprising a pixel driving signal and a control signal according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of one of the control circuits according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of one method for simultaneously performing adjustment operations according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Implementation

[0019] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various features of the provided subject matter. [。] The following describes specific examples of operations, components, and configurations to simplify this disclosure. [。] Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to be restrictive. For example, in this description, the execution of a first operation before or after a second operation may include embodiments in which the first operation and the second operation are performed together, and may also include embodiments in which an additional operation can be performed between the first operation and the second operation. For example, in the following description, the formation of a first feature above, on, or in a second feature may include embodiments in which the first feature and the second feature are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which an additional feature can be formed between the first feature and the second feature such that the first feature and the second feature do not need to be in direct contact. [。] In addition, reference numbers and / or letters may be repeated in various instances of this disclosure. [。] This repetition is for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or configurations discussed.

[0020] For ease of explanation, temporal relative terms such as "before," "before," "after," and "follow" are used herein to describe the relationship between one operation or feature and another operation or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. These temporal relative terms are intended to cover the different sequences of operations shown in the figures. Furthermore, for ease of explanation, spatial relative terms such as "below," "under," "lower," "above," and "upper" are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature and another element or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. These spatial relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. [。] The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or otherwise) and the spatial relative descriptions used herein can therefore be understood in the same way. For ease of explanation, this document uses terms such as "connect" (or "connection"), "via connection," "coupled," "through coupling," "communication," and similar connection-related terms to describe an operational connection, coupling, or link between two elements or features. Connection-related terms are intended to cover different connections, couplings, or links between devices or components. Devices or components may be directly or indirectly connected, coupled, or linked to each other, for example, through another set of components. Devices or components may be wired and / or wirelessly connected, coupled, or linked to each other.

[0021] As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a (a, an)" and "the" include a plural of the indicated items. For example, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, a reference to an apparatus may include multiple apparatuses. The terms "comprising" and "including" may indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence of combinations of one or more of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components. The terms "and / or" may include any or all of the listed items.

[0022] Additionally, quantities, ratios, and other values ​​may sometimes be presented in a range format in this document. It should be understood that this range format is used only for convenience and brevity, and that it should be flexibly interpreted to include not only the values ​​explicitly specified as limits to a range, but also all individual values ​​or subranges covered within that range, as if each value and subrange were explicitly stated.

[0023] The nature and usage of the embodiments are discussed in detail below. However, it should be understood that this disclosure provides many applicable inventive concepts that can be embodied in a wide variety of specific contexts. The specific embodiments discussed are merely illustrative of specific ways of embodying and using this disclosure and are not intended to limit its scope.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a display 1 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The display 1 may include a display panel 20. The display panel 20 may be configured as a color light-emitting diode (LED) array or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) array.

[0025] In some embodiments, the display panel 20 may be a liquid crystal panel having a corresponding backlight module. The backlight module may be a layered module disposed behind the liquid crystal panel. The backlight module generates light that passes through the liquid crystal panel. The backlight module may be configured around the liquid crystal panel. The backlight module may constitute a light-emitting diode or other suitable light source.

[0026] The display panel 20 may be coupled to or connected to a control circuit 10 or communicate with the control circuit. The control circuit 10 controls the display panel 20 and / or a backlight module. The control circuit 10 may be configured to receive an input image signal and generate a control signal to the display to drive each pixel of the display to output corresponding colored light.

[0027] In some embodiments, the display 1 or liquid crystal panel 20 may include a pixel array. Each pixel may include a plurality of subpixels. For example, each pixel of a display may include a set of red, green, and blue (R, G, B) subpixels, a set of red, green, blue, and yellow (R, G, B, Y) subpixels, or a set of red, green, blue, and white (R, G, B, W) subpixels.

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit 10 according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The control circuit 10 may include a video circuit 101, a processor 102, a display driver 103, and a first memory unit 104.

[0029] The video circuit 101 includes a video receiver and a video decoder. The video receiver of the video circuit 101 receives images. The video decoder of the video circuit 101 decodes the images and outputs an image signal to the processor 102. The output image signal contains image data.

[0030] Processor 102 is in electrical communication with first memory unit 104. Processor 102 receives an input image signal for one of the displays 1 from video circuit 101. In some embodiments, processor 102 may perform a color compensation operation and then an adjustment operation. Regarding the color compensation operation, processor 102 may be configured to generate a control signal for controlling the emission of a pixel of display 1 in a virtual color gamut based on the input image signal and a compensation matrix. Regarding the adjustment operation, processor 102 may be configured to perform brightness adjustment on the control signal to generate a pixel drive signal for driving the pixels of display 1. Then, processor 102 may output the pixel drive signal to display driver 103 to drive each pixel of display 1 to output light.

[0031] In some embodiments, the processor 102 includes a compensation unit 102a and an adjustment unit 102b. The compensation unit 102a can be configured to perform a color compensation operation on an input image signal. The adjustment unit 102b can be configured to perform a brightness adjustment operation on the compensated image signal from the compensation unit 102a, so as to generate a pixel drive signal for a display driver 103.

[0032] The display driver 103 receives a pixel driving signal from the processor 102 and outputs the pixel driving signal to at least one backlight module of the display panel 20.

[0033] Figure 3 illustrates a method 30 for operating a display 1 according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Method 30 can be used in a display 1 including a pixel array. Method 30 can be performed by a computing device. In the display 1, the pixels in the array may include a plurality of first sub-pixels, a plurality of second sub-pixels, and a plurality of third sub-pixels. In some embodiments, the pixels in the array may include a plurality of red sub-pixels, a plurality of green sub-pixels, and a plurality of blue sub-pixels. In some embodiments, the pixels in the array may include a plurality of red sub-pixels, a plurality of green sub-pixels, a plurality of blue sub-pixels, and a plurality of white sub-pixels. In some embodiments, the pixels in the array may include a plurality of red sub-pixels, a plurality of green sub-pixels, a plurality of blue sub-pixels, and a plurality of yellow sub-pixels.

[0034] Method 30 may include operations 31, 32, 33, and 34. In operation 31, processor 102 receives an input image signal for one of the displays 1. The display 1 includes a pixel array comprising a plurality of first sub-pixels defining a first color region in a chromaticity plane, a plurality of second sub-pixels defining a second color region in the chromaticity plane, and a plurality of third sub-pixels defining a third color region in the chromaticity plane.

[0035] In operation 32, based on the input image signal and the compensation matrix, the processor 102 generates a control signal for controlling one of the pixels of the display to output light in a virtual color gamut, which is located in a first color region, a second color region and a third color region, but does not overlap with any of the first color region, the second color region or the third color region on the chromaticity plane, wherein the compensation matrix is ​​determined based on the first color region, the second color region and the third color region.

[0036] In operation 33, processor 102 performs brightness adjustment on the control signal to generate a pixel drive signal for driving one of the pixels of display 1.

[0037] In operation 34, processor 102 outputs pixel drive signals to display 1 to drive each pixel of display 1 to output light.

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a chromaticity plane 400 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The chromaticity plane 400 may be a CIE 1931 color space. The chromaticity plane 400 may be contained within a CIE 1931 color space. The chromaticity plane 400 may be a projection plane of a CIE 1931 color space. The compensation unit 102a of the processor 102 generates a control signal based on the input image signal and the compensation matrix stored in the first memory unit 104.

[0039] The crosshairs on the chromaticity plane 400 are defined by sub-pixels of the display 1 according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The crosshairs can be indicated by an x-value and a y-value on the chromaticity plane 400. The crosshairs can also be indicated by an x-value, a y-value, and a luminance value on the chromaticity plane 400. Each crosshair on the chromaticity plane 400 can be determined by measuring the X, Y, and Z stimuli values ​​of a sub-pixel when it is illuminated.

[0040] The crosshair markers can be divided into multiple groups. In Figure 4, the crosshair markers are divided into three groups: 401, 403, and 405. Groups 401, 403, and 405 can therefore define three color regions on the chromaticity plane 400. In some embodiments, the three color regions defined by groups 401, 403, and 405 can belong to the red, green, and blue colors, respectively. The crosshair marker in group 401 can be the chromaticity coordinate point of the red subpixel. The crosshair marker in group 403 can be the chromaticity coordinate point of the green subpixel. The crosshair marker in group 405 can be the chromaticity coordinate point of the blue subpixel.

[0041] In some embodiments, based on the analysis of the chromaticity coordinates of the three sub-pixels, the three color regions of the three sub-pixels can be represented as (x1, y1, V1, L1min), (x2, y2, V2, L2min), and (x3, y3, V3, L3min), where (x1, y1), (x2, y2), and (x3, y3) indicate the center points of the three color regions, V1, V2, and V3 indicate the radii (or variations) of the three color regions, and L1min, L2min, and L3min indicate the minimum luminance level (or brightness level) of the three color regions. For example, based on the analysis of the chromaticity coordinates of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels, the three color regions can be represented as (xr, yr, Vr, Lrmin), (xg, yg, Vg, Lgmin), and (xb, yb, Vb, Lbmin), where (xr, yr), (xg, yg), and (xb, yb) indicate the center points of the three color regions, Vr, Vg, and Vb indicate the radii (or variations) of the three color regions, and Lrmin, Lgmin, and Lbmin indicate the minimum luminance level (or brightness level) of the three color regions.

[0042] As can be observed from the crosshairs in groups 401, 403, and 405, the same sub-pixel of a pixel in device 100 may not emit the same chromaticity level and / or the same luminance level. For example, the first sub-pixel of a pixel in display 1 may not emit the same chromaticity level and / or the same luminance level, and the crosshairs in group 401 are different from each other. In some embodiments, it can be observed that the red sub-pixel of a pixel in display 1 may not emit the same chromaticity level and / or luminance level, and the crosshairs in group 401 are different from each other.

[0043] In some other embodiments, each pixel of display 1 may comprise four subpixels. The crosshairs defined by the four subpixels of the pixel can divide the chromaticity plane 400 into four groups. These four groups can thus define four color regions on the chromaticity plane 400. In some embodiments, the four color regions defined by these groups may belong to red, green, blue, and white. Alternatively, the four color regions defined by these groups may belong to red, green, blue, and yellow.

[0044] In some embodiments, the three virtual chromaticity coordinate points can be determined based on groups 401, 403, and 405 in FIG. 4. Groups 401, 403, and 405 can thus define three color regions on the chromaticity plane 400, and the three virtual chromaticity coordinate points can be determined based on the three color regions. An exemplary embodiment of one of the three virtual chromaticity coordinate points may be points 411, 413, and 415. Points 411, 413, and 415 can form a virtual color gamut for the display 100 on the chromaticity plane 400. Points 411, 413, and 415 can indicate three primary colors in the virtual color gamut for the display 1.

[0045] In some other embodiments, when each pixel of the electronic display 100 contains four sub-pixels, four virtual chromaticity coordinate points can be determined based on the corresponding four groups on the chromaticity plane 400. When each pixel of the display 1 contains four sub-pixels, the corresponding four groups on the chromaticity plane 400 can define four color regions on the chromaticity plane 400, and the four virtual chromaticity coordinate points can be determined based on the four color regions.

[0046] According to some embodiments, points 411, 413, and 415 in Figure 4 can be defined as the three vertices of a triangle. The triangle defined by points 411, 413, and 415 in Figure 4 can be determined by lines L1, L2, and L3.

[0047] Using Figure 4 as an illustrative embodiment, line L1 can be determined such that groups 403 and 405 are located on one side of line L1 and group 401 is located on the other side of line L1. For example, line L1 can be determined such that groups 403 and 405 are located on the left side of line L1 and group 401 is located on the right side of line L1. In some embodiments, line L1 can be determined by one cross mark in group 403 and one cross mark in group 405 such that other cross marks in groups 403 and 405 are located on one side of line L1 and group 401 is located on the other side of line L1.

[0048] Line L2 can be determined such that groups 401 and 403 are located on one side of line L2 and group 405 is located on the other side of line L2. For example, line L2 can be determined such that groups 401 and 403 are located on the right side of line L2 and group 405 is located on the left side of line L2. In some embodiments, line L2 can be determined by one cross mark in group 401 and one cross mark in group 403 such that other cross marks in groups 401 and 403 are located on one side of line L2 and group 405 is located on the other side of line L2.

[0049] Line L3 can be determined such that groups 401 and 405 are located on one side of line L3 and group 403 is located on the other side of line L3. For example, line L3 can be determined such that groups 401 and 405 are located below line L3 and group 403 is located above line L3. In some embodiments, line L3 can be determined by one cross mark in group 401 and one cross mark in group 405 such that other cross marks in groups 401 and 405 are located on one side of line L3 and group 403 is located on the other side of line L3.

[0050] As shown in Figure 4, after determining lines L1, L2, and L3, a corresponding triangle can be defined immediately. Lines L1, L2, and L3 can be the three sides (or edges) of the triangle. Points 411, 413, and 415 can be the three vertices of the triangle defined by lines L1, L2, and L3. In some embodiments, points 411, 413, and 415 can be the three intersection points of lines L1, L2, and L3.

[0051] Points 411, 413, and 415 are virtual chromaticity coordinate points for the colors indicated by groups 401, 403, and 405, respectively. For example, when the crosshairs in groups 401, 403, and 405 indicate the chromaticity coordinate points for the red, green, and blue subpixels, respectively, points 411, 413, and 415 are virtual chromaticity coordinate points for the red, green, and blue colors, respectively. Points 411, 413, and 415 can form a virtual color gamut defined by the corresponding red, green, and blue colors on the chromaticity plane 400. Points 411, 413, and 415 can indicate the primary red, primary green, and primary blue colors within the virtual color gamut.

[0052] After determining the virtual chromaticity coordinate points (i.e., points 411, 413, and 415 in Figure 4) and the virtual color gamut, the processor 102 calculates or generates a corresponding compensation matrix for each pixel and then uses it for color compensation. Through transformation of the compensation matrix, when the input image data indicates that the color of a sub-pixel is to be displayed at certain given pixels, those given pixels are instructed (e.g., by control circuitry 10 or display driver 103) to display the color of the corresponding virtual chromaticity coordinate point. Through transformation of the compensation matrix, when the input image data indicates that one of the initial colors of groups 401, 403, or 405 is to be displayed at certain given pixels, those given pixels will be instructed (e.g., by control circuitry 10 or display driver 103) to display the color of the corresponding virtual chromaticity coordinate points (i.e., points 411, 413, or 415).

[0053] For example, if group 401 indicates the red color of the red subpixel, when the input image data indicates that the red color should be displayed at certain given pixels, then those given pixels are instructed (e.g., by control circuit 10 or display driver 103) to display the color indicated by the corresponding virtual chromaticity coordinate point (i.e., point 411) through a transformation based on the compensation matrix. If group 403 indicates the green color of the green subpixel, when the input image data indicates that the green color should be displayed at certain given pixels, then those given pixels will be instructed (e.g., by control circuit 10 or display driver 103) to display the color indicated by the corresponding virtual chromaticity coordinate point (i.e., point 413) through a transformation based on the compensation matrix. If group 405 indicates the blue color of the blue subpixel, when the input image data indicates that the blue color should be displayed at certain given pixels, then those given pixels will be instructed (e.g., by control circuit 10 or display driver 103) to display the color indicated by the corresponding virtual chromaticity coordinate point (i.e., point 415) through a transformation based on the compensation matrix. Furthermore, by transforming according to the compensation matrix, when the input image data indicates that a given color should be displayed at certain given pixels, those given pixels will be instructed (e.g., by control circuit 10 or display driver 103) to display the corresponding color in the virtual color gamut. Therefore, this disclosure can solve the problem of non-uniform chromaticity level and / or non-uniform luminance level when displaying sub-pixels of any color (e.g., red sub-pixels, green sub-pixels, and blue sub-pixels).

[0054] Formula 1 illustrates an exemplary compensation matrix according to some embodiments of this disclosure. [M]. Formula 1 can be associated with the embodiment of Figure 4. Formula 1 illustrates the relationship between an input value of a given pixel, a compensation matrix of the given pixel, and an output value of the given pixel. The input value may be included in the input image data. The output value may be included in the output image data. Formula 1 can be calculated or processed by the processor 102 of the control circuit 10. Based on the output value of the given pixel, the corresponding control signal for the given pixel can be generated and output by the display driver 103 of the control circuit 10. Formula 1

[0055] In Formula 1, the matrix consists of R, G, and B. [I] Indicates the input value of a given pixel specified in the input image data. A matrix composed of R, G, and B. [I] Includes the red signal value, green signal value, and blue signal value of the red, green, and blue subpixels of a given pixel specified in the input image data. Specifically, R indicates the red signal value of the red subpixel of the given pixel, G indicates the green signal value of the green subpixel of the given pixel, and B indicates the blue signal value of the blue subpixel of the given pixel.

[0056] In Formula 1, the matrix consists of Sr, Sg, and Sb. [S] indicates the output value of a given pixel. It is a matrix consisting of Sr, Sg, and Sb. [S] includes the red illumination signal values, green illumination signal values, and blue illumination signal values ​​of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels of a given pixel. Specifically, Sr indicates the red illumination signal value of the red sub-pixel of the given pixel used to illuminate the display 1, Sg indicates the green illumination signal value of the green sub-pixel of the given pixel used to illuminate the display 1, and Sb indicates the blue illumination signal value of the blue sub-pixel of the given pixel used to illuminate the display 1. Based on Sr, Sg, and Sb of the given pixel of the display 1, the display driver 103 of the control circuit 10 generates and outputs the corresponding control signals of the sub-pixels of the given pixel.

[0057] In Formula 1, the matrix consists of Mrr, Mrg, Mrb, Mgr, Mgg, Mgb, Mbr, Mbg, and Mbb. [M] indicates the compensation matrix for a given pixel. Mrr indicates the amount of red illumination signal value (i.e., Sr) required for the red signal value (R). Mrg indicates the amount of green illumination signal value (i.e., Sg) required for the red signal value (R). Mrb indicates the amount of blue illumination signal value (i.e., Sb) required for the red signal value (R). Mgr indicates the amount of red illumination signal value (i.e., Sr) required for the green signal value (G). Mgg indicates the amount of green illumination signal value (i.e., Sg) required for the green signal value (G). Mgb indicates the amount of blue illumination signal value (i.e., Sb) required for the green signal value (G). Mbr indicates the amount of red illumination signal value (i.e., Sr) required for the blue signal value (B). Mbg indicates the amount of green illumination signal value (i.e., Sg) necessary for the blue signal value (i.e., B). Mbb indicates the amount of blue illumination signal value (i.e., Sb) necessary for the blue signal value (i.e., B). After determining the virtual chromaticity coordinate points (e.g., points 411, 413, and 415 in Figure 4) and their corresponding virtual color gamuts, the compensation matrix for each pixel can be calculated or determined. [M].

[0058] Figure 5A is a graph illustrating a relationship between brightness and a conventional pixel drive signal according to a comparative embodiment. Figure 5A shows the conventional relationship between brightness and the conventional pixel drive signal. The conventional relationship is shown as a non-linear curve.

[0059] Generally speaking, conventional LED driving methods involve pulse width modulation (PWM) or current control. These methods tend to have non-linear scaling at low brightness values, and this occurs initially, potentially involving a low current. Factors affecting LED illumination include differences between different LED drivers, the LED's own characteristics, and PCB layout characteristics. These factors can prevent linear LED illumination. Therefore, if the characteristics of an LED are used to calibrate it only at a specific point, brightness inaccuracies will still exist.

[0060] Figure 5B is a graph illustrating a relationship between brightness and a control signal according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5B shows a linear relationship between brightness and the control signal, wherein adjusting the control signal generates a pixel drive signal fed to the LED, such that the relationship between brightness and the control signal can be displayed as a straight line.

[0061] In some embodiments, the processor 102 transmits control signals to the pixel drive signals during the adjustment operation. After the adjustment operation, even at low brightness values, the present invention tends to linearly scale. That is, the nonlinear curve of conventional LED driving methods can be linearly corrected to a linear curve.

[0062] Therefore, if the control signal is used as the pixel drive signal without adjustment, the pixel brightness and the control signal form a nonlinear function as shown in Figure 5A. Conversely, if the control signal is applied to the inverse of the nonlinear function, the inverse of the nonlinear function is used to generate the pixel drive signal fed to the LED. In this case, the pixel brightness and the control signal form a linear function as shown in Figure 5B.

[0063] Figure 6 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a pixel driving signal and a control signal according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The adjustment unit 102b of processor 102 receives a control signal from the compensation unit 102a. In some embodiments, processor 102 may transform the control signal into a pixel driving signal based on the inverse function shown in Figure 6. In some embodiments, the inverse function is stored in a first memory unit 104. The adjustment unit 102b of processor 102 may generate the pixel driving signal based on the control signal and the inverse function.

[0064] In some embodiments, processor 102 may transform a control signal into a pixel drive signal based on a lookup table similar to an inverse function stored in a first memory unit 104. Adjustment unit 102b of processor 102 may generate the pixel drive signal based on the control signal and the lookup table. The control signal may include control data having at least one specific value. The specific value may be a normalized value. The pixel drive signal may include pixel drive data having at least one brightness adjustment value, wherein the at least one brightness adjustment value corresponds to at least one specific value. The pixel drive signal is determined based on at least one brightness adjustment value associated with at least one specific value. In some embodiments, if the control signal falls within a range between at least one specific value and one of a fully off value and a fully on value, the pixel drive signal is determined based on at least one brightness adjustment value and one of the fully off value and the fully on value.

[0065] In some embodiments, the control signal may include at least six specific values, and the pixel drive signal may include at least six brightness adjustment values ​​corresponding to the at least six specific values.

[0066] The processor 102 can calculate at least one brightness adjustment value in real time based on at least one normalized specific value using a linear interpolation algorithm. As the number of normalized values ​​increases, the accuracy of the linear interpolation algorithm improves accordingly.

[0067] Figure 7 is a lookup table including a pixel drive signal and a control signal according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The lookup table may be a lookup table stored in the first memory unit 104. In addition to a fully off value (i.e., digit zero) and a fully on value (i.e., digit one), the lookup table includes control data with 32 levels and pixel drive data with 32 levels. The control data may include a plurality of specific values ​​in the left column of the table. The pixel drive data may include a plurality of brightness adjustment values ​​in the right column of the table. During a transition, a brightness adjustment value may be determined based on a specific value associated with the input control signal. In some embodiments, the lookup table may include control data with 256 levels and pixel drive data with 256 levels.

[0068] In some embodiments, the lookup table may be the basis for one of the linear interpolation algorithms. The lookup table may be an interpolation table. The interpolation algorithm includes at least one of repeated interpolation, linear interpolation, and cubic interpolation. The processor 102 performs brightness adjustment based on the lookup table. The lookup table displays the transformation between control data and pixel driving data and represents the inverse function. An interpolation algorithm may be selected to best mimic the inverse function.

[0069] A brightness adjustment value for a pixel drive signal can be calculated based on one or more specific values ​​of control data using a selected interpolation algorithm. For example, a brightness adjustment value of 0.222 can be calculated using an interpolation operation based on a fully off value and a function having a specific value of 0.05. In some embodiments, the brightness adjustment value of 0.222 can be calculated using another interpolation operation based on a fully off value and a fully on value and a function having the specific value of 0.05. In other embodiments, the brightness adjustment value of 0.222 can be calculated using another interpolation operation based on a fully off value and a function having two specific values, 0.05 and 0.1. In still other embodiments, the brightness adjustment value of 0.222 can be calculated using another interpolation operation based on a fully off value and a fully on value and a function having two specific values, 0.05 and 0.1. In yet another embodiment, the brightness adjustment value of 0.222 can be calculated based on a function of two or more specific values.

[0070] Each sub-pixel of display 1 may have a separate lookup table stored in the first memory unit 104. In some embodiments, the separate lookup tables for pixels in the pixel array are determined based on a brightness test of display 1 installed in an electronic device.

[0071] Figure 8 is a lookup table including a pixel driving signal and a control signal according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The lookup table in Figure 8 is similar to the lookup table in Figure 7, except that it includes control data with 8 levels, pixel driving data with 8 levels, and pixel driving data with 32 levels. In some embodiments, the pixel driving data with 32 levels can be calculated in real time based on the control data with 8 levels and the pixel driving data with 8 levels. In some embodiments, the control data with 8 levels and the pixel driving data with 8 levels are stored in the first memory unit 104, and the pixel driving data with 32 levels is calculated by the processor 102 and stored in a volatile memory (rather than the first memory unit 104). Therefore, memory space in the first memory unit 104 can be saved.

[0072] The adjustment value of the pixel drive signal with 32 levels, as shown in the right column of the table, can be calculated based on a specific value of control data with level 8 and one of a fully off value and a fully on value. In some embodiments, a brightness adjustment value of 0.158 can be calculated by an interpolation operation based on a function of the fully off value and a specific value of 0.1. In other embodiments, the brightness adjustment value of 0.158 can be calculated by another interpolation operation based on a function of the fully off value, the fully on value, and the specific value of 0.1. In still other embodiments, the brightness adjustment value of 0.158 can be calculated by another interpolation operation based on the fully off value and a function of two specific values, 0.1 and 0.25. In yet another embodiment, the brightness adjustment value of 0.158 can be calculated by another interpolation operation based on the fully off value, the fully on value, and a function of two specific values, 0.1 and 0.25. In some other embodiments, the brightness adjustment value of 0.158 can be calculated based on a function of one of two or more specific values.

[0073] After generating the 32-level pixel drive signal in the right column of the table, the brightness adjustment value of the pixel drive signal can be calculated similarly based on one or more specific values ​​of the control data using a selected interpolation algorithm.

[0074] In some embodiments, the transformation table may include control data with 256 levels, pixel drive data with 8 levels, pixel drive data with 32 levels, and pixel drive data with 256 levels. The amount of control data and pixel drive data can be configured based on design choices (such as memory efficiency design, fast processing design, optimal linear adjustment design, etc.).

[0075] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of one of the control circuits 10' according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Except that the control circuit 10' further includes a second memory unit 105 and one of the processors 102' of the control circuit 10' further includes a determination unit 102c and an output unit 102d, the control circuit 10' of Figure 9 is similar to the control circuit 10 in Figure 1.

[0076] In some embodiments, during adjustment, the pixel drive signal may be adjusted based on a transformation table stored in a first memory unit 104 and temporarily stored in a second memory unit 105. In some embodiments, the first memory unit 104 and the second memory unit 105 may be non-volatile memory. In some embodiments, the first memory unit 104 is a non-volatile memory, and the second memory unit 105 is a volatile memory. The first memory unit 104 may store a transformation matrix (e.g., a compensation matrix) and a lookup table. The correction value for pixel linearity correction is measured before leaving the factory and stored in the lookup table in the first memory unit 104. The processor 102 is in electrical communication with the first memory unit 104 and the second memory unit 105.

[0077] The determination unit 102c of the processor 102' can be configured to determine whether the adjustment of a plurality of pixel driving signals (which may include the first pixel driving signal, the second pixel driving signal, ... the nth pixel driving signal) has been completed based on the transformation table stored in the first memory unit 104.

[0078] Once the determination unit 102c determines that the adjustment of two consecutive pixels among the plurality of pixel drive signals has been completed, the output unit 102d of the processor 102' can be configured to output the two consecutive pixel drive signals (e.g., the first pixel drive signal and the second pixel drive signal) stored in the second memory unit 105 to the display driver 103 when the two consecutive pixel drive signals are executed consecutively.

[0079] In some embodiments, the output unit 102d can be configured to receive the two consecutive pixel drive signals from the second memory unit 105 and then output the two consecutive pixel drive signals to the display driver 103.

[0080] Figure 10 illustrates simultaneous adjustments according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The operations performed in Figure 10 are similar to those in Figure 3, except that a first series of compensation and adjustment operations and a second series of compensation and adjustment operations are performed consecutively. The first series of compensation and adjustment operations may at least partially overlap with the second series of compensation and adjustment operations. According to the program executed by the control circuit 10', the processing time can be significantly reduced because the adjustment operations are performed consecutively rather than individually. That is, the second series of compensation and adjustment operations need not be performed after the first series of compensation and adjustment operations have been completed.

[0081] In some embodiments, compensation unit 102a completes color compensation and inputs a first compensated image signal to second memory unit 105. Adjustment unit 102b performs adjustment operation on the first compensated image signal. Simultaneously, compensation unit 102a completes color compensation and inputs a second compensated image signal to second memory unit 105. Then, adjustment unit 102b performs adjustment operation on the second compensated image signal. Determination unit 102c determines whether the adjustment of the consecutive first compensated image signal and second compensated image signal has been completed. Once determination unit 102c determines that the adjustment of the consecutive first compensated image signal and second compensated image signal has been completed, the output unit 102d of processor 102' outputs consecutive first adjusted pixel drive signals and second adjusted pixel drive signals to display driver 103.

[0082] In some embodiments, once the determination unit 102c determines that the adjustment of the first compensated image signal has been completed, the output unit 102d of the processor 102' outputs the first adjusted pixel driving signal to the display driver 103. Then, when the determination unit 102c determines that the continuous adjustment of the second compensated image signal has been completed, the output unit 102d of the processor 102' continuously outputs the second adjusted pixel driving signal to the display driver 103.

[0083] The scope of this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments of the procedures, machines, articles, compositions of matter, components, methods, and steps described herein. Those skilled in the art will readily understand from the content of this disclosure that existing or future developments can utilize procedures, machines, articles, compositions of matter, components, methods, or steps that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to encompass such procedures, machines, articles, compositions of matter, components, methods, or steps within their scope. Furthermore, each technical solution constitutes a separate embodiment, and combinations of various technical solutions and embodiments are within the scope of this disclosure.

[0084] The methods, procedures, or operations according to the embodiments of this disclosure can also be implemented on a programmable processor. However, the controller, flowcharts, and modules can also be implemented on a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, a programmable microprocessor or microcontroller and peripheral integrated circuit elements, an integrated circuit, a hardware electronic or logic circuit (such as a discrete element circuit), a programmable logic device, or the like. Generally speaking, any device resident therecapable of implementing one of the finite state machines shown in the flowcharts of the figures can be used to implement the processor functions of this disclosure.

[0085] Preferably, an alternative embodiment implements the methods, procedures, or operations according to embodiments of the present disclosure in a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium storing computer-programmable instructions. Preferably, the instructions, executed by a computer-executable component, are integrated with a network security system. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium may be stored in any suitable computer-readable medium such as RAM, ROM, flash memory, EEPROM, optical storage device (CD or DVD), hard disk, floppy disk, or any suitable device. Preferably, the computer-executable component is a processor, but the instructions may alternatively or additionally be executed by another suitable dedicated hardware device. For example, one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium storing computer-programmable instructions.

[0086] Although this disclosure has been illustrated with reference to specific embodiments, many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, in other embodiments, various components of the embodiments may be interchanged, added, or substituted. Furthermore, all elements in each figure are not essential to the operation of the disclosed embodiments. For example, those skilled in the art of the disclosed embodiments will be able to implement and use the teachings of this disclosure by simply employing elements of independent technical solutions. Therefore, the embodiments of this disclosure illustrated herein are intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive. Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0087] Even though the numerous features and advantages of this disclosure have been explained in the foregoing description along with details of the structure and functions of the invention, this disclosure is merely illustrative. Within the principles of the invention, changes can be made in detail, particularly in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts, to the maximum extent that the terms used in the appended claims can be expressed in their broad, general sense.

[0088] 1: Monitor 10: Control Circuit 10': Control circuit 20: Display panel / LCD panel 30: Method 31: Operation 32: Operation 33: Operation 34: Operation 101: Video Circuit 102: Processor 102': Processor 102a: Compensation Unit 102b: Adjustment Unit 102c: Decision Unit 102d: Output Unit 103: Display Driver 104: First memory unit 105: Second Memory Unit 400: Chromaticity plane 401: Group 403: Group 405: Group 411: point 413: point 415: point L1: Line L2: Line L3: Line

Claims

1. An electronic device comprising: A display includes a pixel array, wherein a plurality of pixels in the pixel array include a plurality of first sub-pixels defining a first color region on a chromaticity plane, a plurality of second sub-pixels defining a second color region on the chromaticity plane, and a plurality of third sub-pixels defining a third color region on the chromaticity plane; and a control circuit electrically connected to the display and including a processor and a first memory unit, the processor being configured to: receive a first input image signal; and, based on the first input image signal and a compensation matrix, generate a first control signal for controlling a pixel of the display to emit light in a virtual color gamut, the virtual color gamut being in the first color region, the second color region, and the third color region and not overlapping with any of the first color region, the second color region, or the third color region on the chromaticity plane, wherein the compensation matrix is ​​determined based on the first color region, the second color region, and the third color region; The brightness is adjusted on the first control signal to generate a first pixel driving signal for driving the pixel of the display; and the first pixel driving signal is output to the display to drive each pixel of the display to output light, wherein if the first control signal is used as the first pixel driving signal for the pixel, the brightness of the pixel and the first control signal form a nonlinear function, and the brightness adjustment of the first control signal includes applying the first control signal to an inverse function of the nonlinear function in order to generate the first pixel driving signal.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein performing the brightness adjustment includes converting the first control signal into the first pixel drive signal using a lookup table stored in the first memory unit.

3. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the lookup table contains at least one specific value and at least one brightness adjustment value, wherein the at least one specific value corresponds to the at least one brightness adjustment value.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the processor is configured to generate the first pixel drive signal based on the first control signal and the lookup table, and the first pixel drive signal is determined based on the at least one brightness adjustment value associated with the at least one specific value, and wherein if the first control signal falls within a range between the at least one specific value and one of a fully off value and a fully on value, the first pixel drive signal is determined based on the at least one brightness adjustment value and one of the fully off value and the fully on value.

5. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the lookup table is an interpolation table and the number of the at least one brightness adjustment value is greater than the number of the at least one specific value, and wherein the at least one brightness adjustment value is calculated in real time by the processor based on the at least one specific value using an interpolation algorithm.

6. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the interpolation algorithm includes at least one of repeated interpolation, linear interpolation, and cubic interpolation.

7. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein each sub-pixel of the display has a separate lookup table stored in the first memory unit.

8. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the individual lookup tables for the pixels of the pixel array are determined based on a brightness test of a display installed in the electronic device.

9. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the control circuitry further includes a second memory unit, and wherein the processor is configured to: input the first control signal to the second memory unit and simultaneously receive a second input image signal; generate the first pixel drive signal based on the first control signal and simultaneously generate a second control signal and input the second control signal to the second memory unit; generate a second pixel drive signal based on the second control signal; and output the first pixel drive signal and the second pixel drive signal consecutively to the display.

10. A method of operating a display, comprising: A processor receives a first input image signal for one of the displays, the display including a pixel array, wherein a plurality of pixels in the pixel array include a plurality of first sub-pixels defining a first color region on a chromaticity plane, a plurality of second sub-pixels defining a second color region on the chromaticity plane, and a plurality of third sub-pixels defining a third color region on the chromaticity plane; based on the first input image signal and a compensation matrix, the processor generates a first control signal for controlling one of the pixels of the display to output light in a virtual color gamut, the virtual color gamut being within the first color region, the second color region, and the third color region and not overlapping with any of the first color region, the second color region, or the third color region on the chromaticity plane, wherein the compensation matrix is ​​determined based on the first color region, the second color region, and the third color region; the processor performs brightness adjustment on the first control signal to generate a first pixel drive signal for driving one of the pixels of the display; and the processor outputs the first pixel drive signal to the display to drive each pixel of the display to output light. If the first control signal is used as the first pixel driving signal for the pixel, then the brightness of the pixel and the first control signal form a nonlinear function, and the brightness adjustment of the first control signal includes applying the first control signal to an inverse function of the nonlinear function in order to generate the pixel driving signal.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein performing the brightness adjustment includes converting the first control signal into the first pixel drive signal using a lookup table stored in a first memory unit.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the lookup table contains at least one specific value and at least one brightness adjustment value, wherein the at least one specific value corresponds to the at least one brightness adjustment value.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the processor is configured to generate the pixel drive signal based on the first control signal and the lookup table, and the pixel drive signal is determined based on the at least one brightness adjustment value associated with the at least one specific value, and wherein if the first control signal falls within a range between the at least one specific value and one of a fully off value and a fully on value, the pixel drive signal is determined based on the at least one brightness adjustment value and one of the fully off value and the fully on value.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the lookup table is an interpolation table and the number of the at least one brightness adjustment value is greater than the number of the at least one specific value, and wherein the at least one brightness adjustment value is calculated in real time by the processor based on the at least one specific value using an interpolation algorithm.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the interpolation algorithm comprises at least one of repeated interpolation, linear interpolation, and cubic interpolation.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein each sub-pixel of the display has a separate lookup table stored in the first memory unit.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the individual lookup tables for the pixels of the pixel array are determined based on a brightness test of a display installed in an electronic device.

18. The method of claim 10, wherein the processor is configured to: input the first control signal to a second memory cell and simultaneously receive a second input image signal; generate the first pixel drive signal based on the first control signal and simultaneously generate a second control signal and input the second control signal to the second memory cell; generate a second pixel drive signal based on the second control signal; and output the first pixel drive signal and the second pixel drive signal consecutively to the display.

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