Display apparatus and head-up display system

Abstract

A display device includes a display panel and a parallax beam splitter layer. The display panel has a first region and a second region outside the first region. The pixel resolution of the first region is greater than the pixel resolution of the second region. The parallax beam splitter layer is disposed on the first region of the display panel and is offset from the second region of the display panel. Furthermore, a head-up display system including the above-described display device has also been proposed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a display device and a head-up display system. Prior Technology

[0002] Head-up displays (HUDs) are commonly used flight aids in aircraft. With the rapid development of electric vehicles, more and more cars are also equipped with HUDs to project vehicle status information such as speed and RPM onto the windshield in front of and / or behind the driver. Generally, a HUD consists of a first part that adjusts the displayed image according to the actual vehicle conditions (e.g., navigation information, lane departure warning, distance warning, etc.) and a second part that displays constant vehicle information (e.g., speedometer, tachometer, fuel gauge, indicator lights, etc.). However, the visual display effects of the first and second parts are inconsistent, affecting the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a display device with a superior user experience.

[0004] This invention provides a head-up display system with a superior user experience.

[0005] The display device of the present invention includes a display panel and a parallax beam splitter layer. The display panel has a first region and a second region outside the first region. The pixel resolution of the first region is greater than the pixel resolution of the second region. The parallax beam splitter layer is disposed on the first region of the display panel and is offset from the second region of the display panel.

[0006] The head-up display system of the present invention includes a wind deflector element and the aforementioned display device. The wind deflector element has a first region and a second region outside the first region. The reflectivity of the first region of the wind deflector element is greater than the reflectivity of the second region of the wind deflector element. The first region of the display panel is adapted to provide a first image beam to the first region of the wind deflector element. The second region of the display panel is adapted to provide a second image beam to the second region of the wind deflector element. Simple Explanation of the Diagram

[0007] Figure 1 is a side view of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the display device of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a top view of the display panel of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a top view of the display panel of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Implementation

[0008] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same element symbols are used in the drawings and description to denote the same or similar parts.

[0009] It should be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly on or connected to the other element, or an intermediate element may also be present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly connected" to another element, no intermediate element is present. As used herein, "connection" can refer to physical and / or electrical connection. Furthermore, "electrical connection" or "coupling" may refer to the presence of other elements between two elements.

[0010] As used herein, “about,” “approximately,” or “substantially” includes the value and the average value within an acceptable range of deviations from a particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, taking into account the measurement under discussion and a particular number of errors associated with the measurement (i.e., limitations of the measurement system). For example, “about” may mean within one or more standard deviations of the value, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, ±5%. Furthermore, the use of “about,” “approximately,” or “substantially” herein may be chosen based on the optical, etched, or other properties to select a more acceptable range of deviations or standard deviations, and may not require a single standard deviation to apply to all properties.

[0011] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology and this invention, and will not be interpreted as having idealized or overly formal meanings unless expressly defined herein.

[0012] Figure 1 is a side view of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the display device of the head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 3 and 4 are top views of the display panel of the display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 3 and 4 show the first area 100a and the second area 100b of the display panel 100, respectively.

[0013] Referring to Figure 1, the head-up display system 1 includes a windshield element 20. The reflectivity of a first region 20a of the windshield element 20 is greater than the reflectivity of a second region 20b of the windshield element 20. In some embodiments, the windshield element 20 is, for example, a windshield, the first region 20a is, for example, a viewing area on the upper side of the windshield element 20, and the second region 20b is, for example, a light-blocking area on the lower side of the windshield element 20. However, the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the windshield element 20 may also be a side window; the first region 20a and the second region 20b of the windshield element 20 may also be located in other orientations, for example, but not limited to, the left and right sides of the windshield element 20.

[0014] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the head-up display system 1 further includes a display device 10. The display device 10 includes a display panel 100 and a parallax beam splitter layer 200. The display panel 100 has a first region 100a and a second region 100b outside the first region 100a. The parallax beam splitter layer 200 is disposed on the first region 100a of the display panel 100 and is offset from the second region 100b of the display panel 100. The parallax beam splitter layer 200 overlaps the first region 100a of the display panel 100 but does not overlap the second region 100b of the display panel 100. In some embodiments, the parallax beam splitter layer 200 is, for example, a lenticular lens layer. However, the invention is not limited thereto; in other embodiments, the parallax beam splitter layer 200 may also be other types of beam splitting elements, such as, but not limited to, a meta-surface.

[0015] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the first area 100a of the display panel 100 is adapted to provide a first image beam L1 to the first area 20a of the wind deflector 20. Specifically, the first image beam L1 provided by the first area 100a passes through the parallax beam splitter 200 and is reflected by the first area 20a of the wind deflector 20 to the user U's eye. Through the beam splitting effect of the parallax beam splitter 200 and the display image of the first area 100a, the user U can perceive a three-dimensional image. For example, in some embodiments, the three-dimensional image may include a smart assistant, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0016] The second area 100b of the display panel 100 is adapted to provide a second image beam L2 to the second area 20b of the windshield element 20. The second image beam L2 provided by the second area 100b is reflected by the second area 20b of the windshield element 20 to the eye of the user U, allowing the user U to perceive a two-dimensional image. The two-dimensional image can be blended with the real scene in front of the user U to produce an augmented reality effect. For example, in some embodiments, the two-dimensional image may include driving reminder information, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0017] Please refer to Figures 2, 3, and 4. It is worth noting that the pixel resolution of the first area 100a of the display panel 100 is greater than the pixel resolution of the second area 100b of the display panel 100. Therefore, the visual resolution of the 3D image perceived by the user U through the first area 100a of the display panel 100 will be the same as or close to the visual resolution of the 2D image perceived through the second area 100b of the display panel 100, thus improving the user experience.

[0018] In some embodiments, the display panel 100 includes a first substrate 110, a plurality of first pixel structures PX1, a plurality of second pixel structures PX2, and a second substrate 120. The plurality of first pixel structures PX1 are disposed on the first substrate 110 and located in a first region 100a of the display panel 100. The plurality of second pixel structures PX2 are disposed on the first substrate 110 and located in a second region 100b of the display panel 100. The second substrate 120 is disposed opposite to the first substrate 110. The pixel resolution of the first region 100a of the display panel 100 refers to the number of the plurality of first pixel structures PX1 per unit area. The pixel resolution of the second region 100b of the display panel 100 refers to the number of the plurality of second pixel structures PX2 per unit area.

[0019] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in some embodiments, each first pixel structure PX1 may include multiple sub-pixel structures SPX1-R, SPX1-G, and SPX1-B for emitting a first color light, a second color light, and a third color light, respectively. In some embodiments, the first color light, the second color light, and the third color light are, for example, red light, green light, and blue light, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0020] In some embodiments, each sub-pixel structure SPX1-R / SPX1-G / SPX1-B may include a sub-pixel driving circuit SPC1, pads 131 and 132 electrically connected to the sub-pixel driving circuit SPC1, and light-emitting elements 141R / 141G / 141B bonded to the pads 131 and 132. For example, in some embodiments, the sub-pixel driving circuit SPC1 may include a first transistor T1 and a second transistor T2. The first terminal T1a of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the data line DL, the control terminal T1c of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the scan line GL, the second terminal T1b of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the control terminal T2c of the second transistor T2, the first terminal T2a of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to a power line PL, the second terminal T2b of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to pad 131, and pad 132 is electrically connected to a common line (not shown). The first electrode 141a and the second electrode 141b of the light-emitting elements 141R / 141G / 141B are electrically connected to pads 131 and 132, respectively.

[0021] In some embodiments, the multiple light-emitting elements 141R, 141G, and 141B of the multiple sub-pixel structures SPX1-R, SPX1-G, and SPX1-B respectively include multiple light-emitting diode (LED) chips capable of directly emitting a first color light, a second color light, and a third color light. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the light-emitting element 141R may also include an LED chip and a color conversion layer covering the LED chip, wherein the light beam emitted by the LED chip can be converted into the desired color light by the color conversion layer. In some embodiments, the light-emitting elements 141R, 141G, and 141B are, for example, micro LEDs (μLEDs), but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0022] Referring to Figures 2 and 4, in some embodiments, each second pixel structure PX2 may include multiple sub-pixel structures SPX2-R, SPX2-G, and SPX2-B for emitting a first color light, a second color light, and a third color light, respectively. In some embodiments, the first color light, the second color light, and the third color light are, for example, red light, green light, and blue light, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0023] In some embodiments, each sub-pixel structure SPX2-R / SPX2-G / SPX2-B may include a sub-pixel driving circuit SPC2, pads 133 and 134 electrically connected to the sub-pixel driving circuit SPC2, and light-emitting elements 142R / 142G / 142B bonded to the pads 133 and 134. For example, in some embodiments, the sub-pixel driving circuit SPC2 may include a third transistor T3 and a fourth transistor T4. The first terminal T3a of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the data line DL, the control terminal T3c of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the scan line GL, the second terminal T3b of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the control terminal T4c of the fourth transistor T4, the first terminal T4a of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to a power line PL, the second terminal T4b of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to pad 133, pad 134 is electrically connected to a common line (not shown), and the first electrode 142a and the second electrode 142b of the light-emitting elements 142R / 142G / 142B are electrically connected to pads 133 and 134, respectively.

[0024] In some embodiments, the display panel 100 further includes a plurality of pixel structures DPX disposed on the first substrate 110 and located in the second region 100b of the display panel 100. The plurality of second pixel structures PX2 and the plurality of pixel structures DPX are alternately arranged in the first direction x. The plurality of second pixel structures PX2 and the plurality of pixel structures DPX are further alternately arranged in the second direction y, and the first direction x and the second direction y are interleaved.

[0025] In some embodiments, each pseudo-pixel structure DPX may include a plurality of pseudo-sub-pixel structures DSPX1, DSPX2, and DSPX3. Each pseudo-sub-pixel structure DSPX1, DSPX2, and DSPX3 may include a sub-pixel driving circuit SPC3 and pads 135 and 136 electrically connected to the sub-pixel driving circuit SPC3, but does not include light-emitting elements bonded to the pads 135 and 136.

[0026] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in some embodiments, multiple first pixel structures PX1 are arranged with a first pixel spacing p1 in the first direction x, and multiple second pixel structures PX2 are arranged with a second pixel spacing p2 in the first direction x, wherein the second pixel spacing p2 is greater than the first pixel spacing p1. Referring to Figures 3 and 4, in some embodiments, multiple first pixel structures PX1 are arranged with a third pixel spacing p3 in the second direction y, and multiple second pixel structures PX2 are arranged with a fourth pixel spacing p4 in the second direction y, wherein the fourth pixel spacing p4 is greater than the third pixel spacing p3.

[0027] The parallax beam-splitting layer 200 includes a plurality of beam-splitting structures 210. In some embodiments, the plurality of beam-splitting structures 210 are, for example, a plurality of cylindrical lenses. In some embodiments, a plurality of first pixel structures PX1 are arranged in a first direction x with a first pixel pitch p1, and a plurality of beam-splitting structures 210 are arranged in the first direction x with a beam-splitting structure pitch p5, the ratio of the beam-splitting structure pitch p5 to the first pixel pitch p1 is N, and the ratio of the pixel resolution of the second region 100b of the display panel 100 to the pixel resolution of the first region 100a of the display panel 100 is less than or equal to (1 / N). For example, in some embodiments, the ratio of the beam-splitting structure pitch p5 to the first pixel pitch p1 (p5 / p1) is 2, and the ratio of the pixel resolution of the second region 100b of the display panel 100 to the pixel resolution of the first region 100a of the display panel 100 is less than or equal to 1 / 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Furthermore, in some embodiments, to prevent excessive outdoor light from making the image in the second area 100b difficult to see, the brightness of the second area 100b of the display panel 100 can be higher; that is, the second area 100b of the display panel 100 can operate in a high-brightness display mode. Conversely, to prevent outdoor light from easily passing through the first area 20a of the windproof element 20 and interfering with the image in the first area 100a of the display panel 100, the brightness of the first area 100a of the display panel 100 can be lower; that is, the first area 100a of the display panel 100 can operate in a low-brightness display mode. Therefore, the visual brightness of the three-dimensional image perceived by the user U through the first area 100a of the display panel 100 will be the same as or close to the visual brightness of the two-dimensional image perceived through the second area 100b of the display panel 100, thus improving the user experience.

[0029] 1: Head-up Display System 10: Display device 20: Windshield element 20a: Zone 1 20b: Second District 100: Display panel 100a: Zone 1 100b: Second Zone 110: First substrate 120: Second substrate 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136: Connecting pads 141a, 142a: First electrode 141b, 142b: Second electrode 141R, 141G, 141B, 142R, 142G, 142B: Light-emitting elements 200: Parallax Beam Splitter 210: Spectroscopic Structure DL: Data Line DSPX1, DSPX2, DSPX3: Pseudo-pixel structure DPX: Simulated Pixel Structure GL: Scan line L1: First image beam L2: Second image beam PL: Power cord PX1: First pixel structure PX2: Second pixel structure p1: First pixel spacing p2: Spacing between second pixels p3: Spacing between third pixels p4: Spacing between fourth pixels p5: Spacing of the beam splitter structure SPC1, SPC2, SPC3: Sub-pixel driving circuits SPX1-R, SPX1-G, SPX1-B, SPX2-R, SPX2-G, SPX2-B: Sub-pixel structure T1: First transistor T1a, T2a, T3a, T4a: First end T1b, T2b, T3b, T4b: Second end T1c, T2c, T3c, T4c: Control terminal: T2: Second transistor T3: Third transistor T4: Fourth transistor U: User x: First direction y: Second direction

Claims

1. A display device, comprising: A display panel has a first area and a second area outside the first area, wherein the pixel resolution of the first area is greater than the pixel resolution of the second area; And a parallax splitting layer is disposed on the first area of ​​the display panel and offset from the second area of ​​the display panel.

2. The display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display panel comprises: First substrate; Multiple first pixel structures are disposed on the first substrate and located in the first area of ​​the display panel; A plurality of second pixel structures and a plurality of pseudo-pixel structures are disposed on the first substrate and located in the second region of the display panel; and a second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate; wherein the second pixel structures and the pseudo-pixel structures are alternately arranged in a first direction.

3. The display device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second pixel structures and the pseudo-pixel structures are arranged alternately in a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are interleaved.

4. The display device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first pixel structures are arranged in a first direction with a first pixel pitch, the second pixel structures are arranged in the first direction with a second pixel pitch, and the second pixel pitch is greater than the first pixel pitch.

5. The display device of claim 4, wherein the first pixel structures are arranged in a second direction with a third pixel pitch, the second pixel structures are arranged in the second direction with a fourth pixel pitch, the fourth pixel pitch being greater than the third pixel pitch, and the first direction and the second direction are interleaved.

6. The display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display panel comprises: First substrate; Multiple first pixel structures are disposed on the first substrate and located in the first area of ​​the display panel; A plurality of second pixel structures are disposed on the first substrate and located in the second region of the display panel; and a second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate; wherein the parallax beam splitting layer includes a plurality of beam splitting structures, the first pixel structures are arranged in a first direction with a first pixel pitch, the beam splitting structures are arranged in the first direction with a beam splitting structure pitch, the ratio of the beam splitting structure pitch to the first pixel pitch is N, and the ratio of the pixel resolution of the second region to the pixel resolution of the first region is less than or equal to (1 / N).

7. A head-up display system, comprising: A windshield element has a first region and a second region outside the first region, wherein the reflectivity of the first region of the windshield element is greater than the reflectivity of the second region of the windshield element; And a display device, comprising: a display panel having a first region and a second region outside the first region, wherein the first region of the display panel is adapted to provide a first image beam to the first region of the windbreak element, the second region of the display panel is adapted to provide a second image beam to the second region of the windbreak element, and the pixel resolution of the first region is greater than the pixel resolution of the second region; and a parallax beam splitting layer disposed on the first region of the display panel and offset from the second region of the display panel.

8. The head-up display system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the display panel comprises: First substrate; Multiple first pixel structures are disposed on the first substrate and located in the first area of ​​the display panel; A plurality of second pixel structures and a plurality of pseudo-pixel structures are disposed on the first substrate and located in the second region of the display panel; and a second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate; wherein the second pixel structures and the pseudo-pixel structures are alternately arranged in a first direction.

9. The head-up display system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the second pixel structures and the pseudo-pixel structures are arranged alternately in a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are interleaved.

10. The head-up display system of claim 8, wherein the first pixel structures are arranged in a first direction with a first pixel spacing, the second pixel structures are arranged in the first direction with a second pixel spacing, and the second pixel spacing is greater than the first pixel spacing.

11. The head-up display system of claim 10, wherein the first pixel structures are arranged in a second direction with a third pixel spacing, the second pixel structures are arranged in the second direction with a fourth pixel spacing greater than the third pixel spacing, and the first direction and the second direction are staggered.

12. The head-up display system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the display panel comprises: A first substrate having the first region and the second region; A plurality of first pixel structures are disposed on the first substrate and located in the first region of the display panel; a plurality of second pixel structures are disposed on the first substrate and located in the second region of the display panel; and a second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate; wherein the parallax beam splitting layer includes a plurality of beam splitting structures, the first pixel structures are arranged in a first direction with a first pixel pitch, the beam splitting structures are arranged in the first direction with a beam splitting structure pitch, the ratio of the beam splitting structure pitch to the first pixel pitch is N, and the ratio of the pixel resolution of the second region to the pixel resolution of the first region is less than or equal to (1 / N).

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