Crack-resistant components and structures for door and window corners and walls

Abstract

A crack-prevention element and structure for a door / window corner wall includes: at least one crack-prevention element disposed at at least one corner of a door / window assembly; the crack-prevention element has at least one stop edge, and a plurality of through holes are arranged between the two side surfaces of the crack-prevention element; the stop edge can be directly and obliquely adjacent to and tangentially fixed to the corner of the door / window assembly; each of the through holes allows surrounding concrete to penetrate and form a stable bond, thereby fixing the crack-prevention element to the corner of the door / window assembly; a transverse width is formed in the direction away from the stop edge, so that the crack-prevention element has sufficient shear strength along the transverse direction; when the door / window assembly is subjected to external force, the crack-prevention element can effectively stop and disperse the shear force generated by the wall at each side corner of the door / window assembly, thereby preventing damage to the wall structure near each corner of the door / window assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to anti-crack elements and structures for corner walls of doors and windows, and more particularly to an anti-crack element and structure that is simple in structure, easy to assemble, and can effectively block and disperse the shear force generated on each side of door and window components. Prior Technology

[0002] In general, buildings often have open spaces in the walls to facilitate lighting, ventilation, or passage, for the installation of door or window frames. Since these open spaces lack structural support and connection, they have poor structural strength. Furthermore, there is a multi-directional stress (shear force) concentration effect at each corner of these open spaces. When the building is subjected to thermal expansion and contraction or earthquake shaking and pulling, cracks or fissures often appear near these corners due to the simultaneous application of multi-directional stress, resulting in water seepage and other problems.

[0003] To address the aforementioned structural weakness, early research involved placing diagonally arranged reinforcing steel bars in the wall at the corners of the openwork areas (door or window frames). This was intended to increase the structural strength of areas experiencing multi-directional stress concentration, absorbing shear forces generated along the sides of the door or window frames, thereby mitigating or preventing water seepage caused by wall cracks or fissures. However, this type of reinforcing steel bar has the following drawbacks in practical applications:

[0004] A. During construction, the reinforcing steel bar is tied and fixed to the steel bar inside the original building (wall) before grouting. This not only makes the assembly more labor-intensive and inconvenient, but also makes the positioning effect of the reinforcing steel bar poor after being tied. As a result, during subsequent construction (such as grouting), the reinforcing steel bar is prone to sliding and dislodging along the axial direction due to collision or compression.

[0005] B. Because the reinforcing steel bar itself is limited by its outer diameter (thickness) and cannot have an appropriate transverse width, it is prone to insufficient shear strength; therefore, it is prone to bending when subjected to strong stress and cannot fully perform its structural reinforcement function.

[0006] Taiwan's Patent Application No. I650468 discloses a "window corner structural wall anti-crack element," which has multiple anti-crack elements arranged at intervals. Each anti-crack element includes: a first and second piece integrally formed and vertically connected, with a plurality of fixing rods passing through the end edges of the first and second pieces, allowing the anti-crack elements to be arranged at intervals; a plurality of holes are provided on the first and second pieces for passing through a plurality of positioning rods; during assembly, the anti-crack elements can be arranged at intervals in the corner of a window frame, and the positioning rods are used to nail the anti-crack elements to the template for fixation through the holes. Then, concrete grouting is used to cover and fix the anti-crack elements inside the wall; when there is earthquake shaking or thermal expansion and contraction of the building structure, the first and second pieces formed perpendicularly to each other by the anti-crack elements can absorb the shear force generated by the wall near the corner of the window frame along the edge of the window frame, thereby achieving the effect of preventing wall cracking.

[0007] The Taiwanese patent application M582057 discloses a "fixing structure for anti-crack components on window corner walls". Multiple fixing rods are inserted through the edge of the first and second portions of each anti-crack element, causing the anti-crack elements to be arranged in a spaced-apart arrangement. Multiple positioning holes are provided on the first and second portions of each anti-crack element, allowing multiple positioning rods to be inserted into a pre-set template for stable positioning. During positioning, a strap is used to bind the multiple positioning rods. This allows the remaining positioning rods to be secured in place by the strap while one positioning rod is hammered into the template during construction, preventing them from falling off.

[0008] In practical applications, the above structure has the following deficiencies;

[0009] A. After the anti-crack element is fixed to the template by the positioning rod, the original longitudinal and transverse steel bars need to be installed around the window frame. At this time, the construction workers must pass the longitudinal and transverse steel bars through the space between the first and second parts of the anti-crack element, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also greatly reduces the efficiency of on-site construction.

[0010] B. In practical applications, because multiple anti-crack elements are arranged in a spaced-apart configuration, the space between the two templates is divided into several narrower widths by each anti-crack element. This makes it easy for the concrete mortar to be obstructed during the filling process, resulting in grouting cavities. This not only affects the overall strength of the wall structure but also easily causes more serious water seepage and rusting.

[0011] C. In order to simultaneously block shear forces from different directions, the first and second parts of the crack-resistant element are designed with an L-shaped structure similar to the corner of a door or window frame. This not only generates more waste material during manufacturing, but also causes the aforementioned stress concentration phenomenon at the inner corner joint between the first and second parts. When subjected to large forces, the crack-resistant element is still prone to cracking and damage at the aforementioned inner corner joint. Therefore, in actual operation, more layers are often assembled to compensate for the design deficiencies.

[0012] In view of the aforementioned shortcomings of conventional window corner wall anti-crack structures in practical applications, the inventors researched ways to improve these shortcomings, and finally the present invention was born. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The main objective of this invention is to provide a crack-prevention element for corner walls of doors and windows. This element is a single piece with at least one stop edge on its periphery and multiple through holes on its surface. The crack-prevention element can directly and obliquely stop at a force application location with at least one stop edge. The stop edge forms a lateral width in the direction away from the force application location, giving the crack-prevention element sufficient shear strength. The through holes allow surrounding covering material (such as concrete) to penetrate and form a stable fit. This allows the crack-prevention element, through its simplified structure, to effectively obliquely block and disperse the multi-directional shear stress at the force application location.

[0014] Another objective of this invention is to provide a crack-prevention element for the corner wall of a door or window, wherein the crack-prevention element has a stop edge on each of two corresponding sides, and at least one side edge is provided between the two stop edges, so that the two stop edges can form the lateral width through the side edge; in practical applications, the crack-prevention element can directly and obliquely block the force application position of the corner wall of the door or window with any of its stop edges, and generate sufficient shear strength, forming various structural variations and flexibility in application.

[0015] Another objective of this invention is to provide a crack-prevention element for the corner wall of a door or window, wherein the middle section of the stop edge is provided with a recess that can directly and obliquely bear the multi-directional force, and a plurality of concave and convex edges are provided on both sides of the recess along the extension direction of the stop edge; and an annular flange is provided on the edge of each through hole facing at least one end face, thereby increasing the degree of bonding between the crack-prevention element and the aforementioned peripheral covering material, so as to improve the structural strength of the two.

[0016] Another objective of this invention is to provide a crack-prevention structure for the corner wall of a door or window assembly, comprising: at least one crack-prevention element disposed at at least one corner of a door or window assembly; the crack-prevention element having at least one stop edge and having a plurality of through holes arranged on its surface; the stop edge being able to be directly and obliquely adjacent to and tangentially fixed at the corner of the door or window assembly, and each of the through holes allowing surrounding concrete to penetrate and form a fitting and positioning; the stop edge having a lateral width in the direction away from the door or window assembly, so that the crack-prevention element has sufficient shear strength, enabling the crack-prevention element to be stably fixed at the corner of the door or window assembly; the stop edge directly and obliquely tangentially stops and absorbs and disperses the strong shear force generated along the walls of each side of the door or window assembly at each corner of the door or window assembly when the door or window assembly is subjected to external force, thereby preventing damage to the wall structure near each corner of the door or window assembly.

[0017] To provide a more concrete understanding of the above-mentioned objectives, effects, and features of the present invention, the following description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings: Simple Explanation of the Diagram

[0018] [Figure 1] is a frontal stereoscopic structural view of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] is a rear-view stereoscopic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] is a schematic diagram of the application of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 3; it reveals the positioning state of the anti-crack element fixed at the end corner of the door and window assembly. [Figure 5] is a front view of Figure 3. [Figure 6] is a front-view stereoscopic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] is a rear-view stereoscopic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] is a schematic diagram of the application of the second embodiment of the present invention. Implementation

[0019] The directional terms used in the following embodiments, such as up, down, left, right, front, and back, are only for reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for ease of explanation and not for limiting the invention. Furthermore, in the following embodiments, the same or similar elements will be numbered the same or similarly, and repeated descriptions will be omitted as appropriate.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5. It can be seen that the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention includes: a piece-shaped anti-crack element 1, the anti-crack element 1 having at least one stop edge 13 on its periphery, the stop edge 13 having a lateral width in the direction away; and a plurality of through holes 11 arranged on the surface of the anti-crack element 1, and an annular flange 12 protruding from the surface of the anti-crack element 1 may be provided as needed on at least one end face edge of each through hole 11.

[0021] In this embodiment, the crack-prevention element 1 is approximately rectangular, with straight corresponding stop edges 13 formed on its two longer sides, and corresponding side edges 14 formed on its two shorter sides. The side edges 14 form the lateral width between the two stop edges 13, and the thickness of the crack-prevention element 1 is not less than 2.5 mm to ensure that the crack-prevention element 1 as a whole has a certain shear strength.

[0022] In practical applications, before the wall is grouted, a door and window assembly 2 is fixed to the template, and a steel reinforcement assembly 3 consisting of a plurality of intersecting longitudinal steel bars 31 and transverse steel bars 32 is installed around the door and window assembly 2. Each crack-prevention element 1 can be directly and obliquely adjacent to each end corner of the door and window assembly 2. Each crack-prevention element 1 is obliquely adjacent to the end corner of the door and window assembly 2 by the stop edge 13. At the same time, flexible fixing elements 4 (such as straps, ropes, wires, etc.) can be used to pass through each through hole 11 to bind each crack-prevention element 1 to the longitudinal steel bars 31 and transverse steel bars 32 to form a fixation.

[0023] In the above structure, the tilt angle of the anti-crack element 1 is such that the angle between the stop edge 13 and any side of the door and window assembly 2 is less than 90 degrees (45 degrees is optimal).

[0024] Then, during the grouting process, since each anti-crack element 1 is set as a single piece between each template, there is a large space between each template and the anti-crack element 1, which allows the concrete to be densely filled on both sides of the anti-crack element 1 and fully penetrate into each through hole 11. After the concrete dries, each through hole 11 and the surrounding annular flange 12 can generate a large contact area with the dried concrete, thereby making the anti-crack element 1 firmly fixed in the concrete.

[0025] When the door and window assembly 2 is subjected to external forces (cold contraction and thermal expansion or earthquake), the strong shear forces generated by the walls on the top, bottom, left and right sides of the door and window assembly 2 acting on the corners of the door and window assembly 2 can all directly act on the straight stop edges 13 of each crack-resistant element 1, and the direction of the force can pass through the interior of the crack-resistant element 1. At this time, by means of the shear strength of the sufficient lateral width of each crack-resistant element 1, combined with the combination of each crack-resistant element 1 being stably fixed in the concrete, the shear forces acting on the corners of the door and window assembly 2 can be effectively blocked and dispersed, preventing the door and window assembly 2 from sliding along any shear force direction, and preventing the wall (concrete) structure near the corners of the door and window assembly 2 from being damaged by tension or compression.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 6 to 8. It can be seen that the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention includes: a piece-shaped anti-crack element 10, the anti-crack element 10 having at least one stop edge 130 on its periphery, and a side edge 14 the same as in the first embodiment. The anti-crack element 10 also has a plurality of through holes 11 and annular flanges 12 the same as in the first embodiment. The stop edge 130 has a recess 131 in its middle section, and a plurality of uneven concave and convex edges 132 are respectively provided on both sides of the recess 131 along the extending direction of the stop edge 130.

[0027] In practical applications, each of the anti-crack elements 10 is assembled and fixed obliquely and tangentially to each end corner of the door and window assembly 2 in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, and the recess 131 is fitted adjacent to each end corner of the door and window assembly 2, so that each of the anti-crack elements 10 and the door and window assembly 2 form a mating combination that is not easy to slide against each other.

[0028] When the door and window assembly 2 is subjected to external forces (cold contraction and thermal expansion or earthquake), the strong shear forces generated by the side walls of the door and window assembly 2 acting on the corners of the door and window assembly 2 in various directions will directly act on the stop edges 130 of each crack-prevention element 10 and pass through the interior of the crack-prevention element 10. At this time, by means of the recess 131 fitting on each corner of the door and window assembly 2, and the concave and convex edges 132 cooperating with each through hole 11 and annular flange 12, a larger contact area and positioning effect are formed with the dried concrete, which can more effectively block and disperse the shear forces acting on each corner of the door and window assembly 2, prevent the door and window assembly 2 from sliding in any shear force direction, and prevent damage to the wall (concrete) structure near each corner of the door and window assembly 2.

[0029] The structure described above in this invention has the following characteristics:

[0030] A. Each of the anti-crack elements 1 and 10 is obliquely stopped at each corner of the door and window assembly 2 by a single stop edge 13 and 130, which can simultaneously block and disperse the shear forces generated on each side of the door and window assembly 2 in different directions; therefore, the preset stopping and positioning effect can be achieved by using a simple structural shape, which has excellent economic benefits.

[0031] B. The crack-resistant elements 1 and 10 are set in the form of single pieces at each end corner of the door and window assembly 2. Therefore, a large space can be reserved between the template and the crack-resistant elements 1 and 10. During grouting, the concrete can be fully filled on both sides and around the crack-resistant elements 1 and 10, effectively avoiding the formation of cavities in the concrete, ensuring the shear strength of the overall wall structure, and preventing water seepage and rust.

[0032] C. Each of the anti-crack elements 1 and 10 is tied to the steel reinforcement assembly 3 after the steel reinforcement assembly 3 is installed, and then tied to the steel reinforcement assembly 3 by the fixing element 4. Therefore, the overall assembly process is more reasonable and simple, which can greatly improve the efficiency of on-site construction and reduce production costs.

[0033] D. Each of the anti-crack elements 1 and 10 is slightly elongated and sheet-like in shape, which not only prevents the generation of a large amount of waste during production, but also prevents stress concentration on the stressed stop edges 13 and 130, thus effectively preventing damage to the anti-crack elements 1 and 10 due to excessive stress.

[0034] In summary, the anti-crack element and anti-crack structure of the door and window corner walls of the present invention can indeed achieve the effects of simple structure, convenient assembly, and effective blocking of shear force generated on each side of the door and window components. It is indeed a novel and progressive invention, and therefore an application for invention patent is filed in accordance with the law. However, the above description is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. All variations, modifications, alterations or equivalent substitutions extended from the technical means and scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

[0035] 1,10: Crack-resistant elements 11: Through hole 12: Ring flange 13,130: Stopping edge 131: concave part 132: Concave and convex edges 14: Side 2: Door and window components 3: Reinforcing steel components 31: Longitudinal reinforcement 32: Horizontal reinforcement 4: Fixing elements

Claims

1. A crack-prevention element for wall corners at doors and windows, comprising: The crack-resistant element (1, 10) is a single piece. The crack-resistant element (1, 10) has at least one stop edge (13, 130) on its periphery, which is intended to obliquely abut against the corner of a door and window assembly (2). The stop edge (13, 130) is formed by extending in the same straight line direction. Multiple through holes (11) are arranged on the crack-resistant element (1, 10). A lateral width is formed in the direction away from the stop edge (13, 130), so that the crack-resistant element (1, 10) has the structural strength to reinforce the corner wall of the door and window assembly (2).

2. The anti-crack element for the corner wall of the door or window as described in claim 1, wherein the anti-crack element (1, 10) is adjacent to a side edge (14) at at least one end of the stop edge (13, 130), and the lateral width is formed by the side edge (14).

3. The anti-crack element for the corner wall of the door and window as described in claim 2, wherein the anti-crack element (1) is rectangular, with the two longer sides forming straight corresponding stop edges (13), and the two shorter sides between the two stop edges (13) forming the side edge (14).

4. The anti-crack element for the corner wall of the door and window as described in claim 2, wherein the anti-crack element (10) has a recess (131) in the middle section of the stop edge (130).

5. The anti-crack element for the corner wall of the door and window as described in claim 4, wherein the anti-crack element (10) has two corresponding stop edges (130), and the side edge (14) is formed between the two stop edges (130); a recess (131) is provided in the middle section of the two stop edges (130).

6. The anti-crack element for the corner wall of the door and window as described in claim 4, wherein the recess (131) is provided with a plurality of uneven concave and convex edges (132) on both sides.

7. The anti-crack element for the corner wall of the door or window as described in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein each of the through holes (11) of the anti-crack element (1, 10) is provided with an annular flange (12) facing at least one end face edge, and each annular flange (12) protrudes from the surface of the anti-crack element (1, 10).

8. The anti-crack element for the corner wall of the door or window as described in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein the thickness of the anti-crack element (1, 10) is not less than 2.5 mm.

9. The anti-crack element for the corner wall of the door and window as described in claim 7, wherein the thickness of the anti-crack element (1, 10) is not less than 2.5 mm.

10. A crack-prevention structure for walls at the corners of doors and windows, comprising: At least one sheet-shaped anti-crack element (1, 10) is disposed at at least one end corner of a door / window assembly (2). The anti-crack element (1, 10) has at least one stop edge (13, 130) extending in the same straight direction. The stop edge (13, 130) has a lateral width in the direction away from the end corner of the door / window assembly (2), and a plurality of through holes (11) are arranged on the surface of the anti-crack element (1, 10). The anti-crack element (1, 10) is attached to the stop edge (13, 130). 130) is directly and obliquely adjacent to the corner of the door and window assembly (2); during grouting, the concrete seeps into each of the through holes (11) to form a bond, which can make the anti-crack element (1, 10) stably fixed at the corner of the door and window assembly (2). Combined with the shear strength formed by the transverse width of the stop edge (13, 130), it can effectively block and disperse the strong shear force generated on each side of the door and window assembly (2) when it is subjected to external force.

11. The anti-crack structure for the corner wall of a door or window as described in claim 10, wherein the anti-crack element (1) has a straight stop edge (13).

12. The anti-crack structure for the corner wall of the door and window as described in claim 10, wherein the middle section of the stop edge (130) of the anti-crack element (10) is provided with a recess (131), and a plurality of uneven concave and convex edges (132) are provided on both sides of the recess (131).

13. The anti-crack structure for the corner wall of a door or window as described in claim 10, 11 or 12, wherein each of the through holes (11) of the anti-crack element (1, 10) is provided with an annular flange (12) facing at least one end face edge, and each annular flange (12) protrudes from the surface of the anti-crack element (1, 10); the thickness of the anti-crack element (1, 10) is not less than 2.5 mm.

14. The anti-crack structure for the corner wall of a door or window as described in claim 10, 11 or 12, wherein the angle between the stop edge (13, 130) of the anti-crack element (1, 10) and any side of the door or window assembly (2) is 45 degrees.

15. The anti-crack structure for the corner wall of the door and window as described in claim 13, wherein the angle between the stop edge (13, 130) of the anti-crack element (1, 10) and any side of the door and window assembly (2) is 45 degrees.

16. The anti-crack structure for the corner wall of a door or window as described in claim 10, 11 or 12, wherein the door or window assembly (2) is surrounded by a steel reinforcement assembly (3) consisting of a plurality of intersecting longitudinal steel bars (31) and transverse steel bars (32); each anti-crack element (1) is fixed by means of a flexible fixing element (4) passing through each of the through holes (11) and tied to the steel reinforcement assembly (3).

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