Ophthalmic lenses and methods for correcting, slowing, reducing, and / or controlling the progression of myopia

Abstract

This invention provides an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens configured to guide light to a first image plane; and a plurality of light-adjusting units. One or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units refract light to a second image plane different from the first image plane and / or one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units refract light to a third image plane different from the first and second image planes. In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of light-adjusting units is configured to refract light to at least two (e.g., 2, 3, or 4) image planes different from the first image plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to ophthalmic lenses, and more particularly to ophthalmic lenses and methods for correcting, slowing down, reducing and / or controlling the progression of myopia. Prior Technology

[0002] The prior art described in this invention is included to explain the context of the disclosed embodiments. This should not be construed as an admission that the referenced material is part of the publicly available, known, or common general knowledge regarding the embodiments presented in this invention and the priority date of the claims.

[0003] Myopia (often called shortsightedness) is an eye condition that causes distant objects to focus in front of the retina. Therefore, the image on the retina is out of focus, and objects appear blurry. Optical correction strategies for myopia have involved using ophthalmic lenses to shift the image plane to the retina and provide clear vision. However, these strategies do not slow eye growth, and myopia continues to progress. Many optical correction strategies are now designed to slow, stop, or control the progression of myopia, often employing myopic defocusing while attempting to provide clear vision on the retina simultaneously. These strategies have been found to slow progression to some extent.

[0004] Considering the natural scene in which the eye images, the scene contains focusing elements as well as defocusing elements for both myopia and hyperopia. The extent and magnitude of these focusing and defocusing elements vary depending on the scene. Therefore, in the eye, the retinal area is exposed to competing optical signals generated by focused and defocused images. Defocused images can be both hyperopia and myopia-related defocus. These competing focusing / defocusing signals can influence the guidance of emmetropization in the eye—for example, in animal models, introducing only myopia or hyperopia-related defocus disrupts emmetropization. Similarly, correcting myopia with a device having uniform optical power does not slow eye growth. Therefore, incorporating elements that guide or move light to multiple planes can generate competing signals on the retina and provide a cues for slowing and / or inhibiting eye growth.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide competing defocus signals on the retina by directing the light to be moved to multiple planes, and thus to provide slowing and / or stopping signals for eye growth. This invention relates to solving these and other problems disclosed herein. This invention also relates to pointing out one or more advantages of using the exemplary ophthalmic lenses and methods described herein. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention relates to overcoming and / or improving one or more of the problems described herein.

[0007] The present invention relates, at least in part, to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods for correcting, slowing, reducing and / or controlling the progression of myopia.

[0008] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods of using a plurality of light-adjusting units to guide or move light to a plurality of planes to correct, slow down, reduce and / or control the growth of the eye.

[0009] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods for guiding incident light to be directed to more than one image plane (e.g., two or more image planes or three or more image planes).

[0010] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods of using a plurality of light adjustment units and base lenses to direct incident light to more than one image plane (e.g., two or more image planes or three or more image planes).

[0011] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein the base lens directs light to a first image plane and at least one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units direct light to a second image plane (e.g., one or more second image planes).

[0012] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein the base lens directs light to a first image plane and at least one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units direct light to a second image plane (e.g., one or more second image planes) preceding the first image plane.

[0013] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein the base lens directs light to a first image plane and at least one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units direct light to a second image plane (e.g., one or more second image planes) that is subsequent to the first image plane.

[0014] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens having a base lens; and a plurality of light adjustment units, wherein the base lens directs light to a first image plane and at least one or more of the plurality of light adjustment units direct light to a second image plane (e.g., one or more second image planes) and at least one or more of the plurality of light adjustment units direct light to a third image plane (e.g., one or more third image planes).

[0015] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens having a base lens; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein the base lens directs light to a first image plane and at least one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units direct light to a second image plane (e.g., one or more second image planes) preceding the first image plane, and at least one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units direct light to a third image plane (e.g., one or more third image planes) preceding the first and second image planes.

[0016] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens having a base lens; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein the base lens directs light to a first image plane and at least one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units direct light to a second image plane (e.g., one or more second image planes) preceding the first image plane, and at least one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units direct light to a third image plane (e.g., one or more third image planes) following the first image plane.

[0017] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens having a base lens; and a plurality of light adjustment units, wherein the base lens directs light to two or more image planes and the plurality of light adjustment units direct light to one or more image planes (e.g., one or more image planes different from the two or more image planes associated with the base lens).

[0018] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units are myopic relative to the first optical power and one or more of the light-adjusting units are hyperopic relative to the first optical power.

[0019] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power and a second optical power; and a plurality of light-adjusting units located on the base lens having the second optical power, wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units are myopic relative to the first and second optical powers and one or more of the light-adjusting units are hyperopic relative to the first and second optical powers.

[0020] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; a plurality of light-adjusting units located on the base lens having a second optical power; and an encapsulation region surrounding the plurality of light-adjusting units having a third optical power, wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units are myopic relative to the first and third optical powers and one or more of the light-adjusting units are hyperopic relative to the first and third optical powers.

[0021] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a second optical power and at least one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a third optical power, wherein a portion of the ophthalmic lens having the first optical power directs incident light to a first image plane, the light-adjusting units having the second optical power direct light to a second image plane that is myopicly defocused relative to the first image plane, and the light-adjusting units having the third optical power direct light to a third image plane that is hyperopicly defocused relative to the first image plane.

[0022] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a second optical power, a third optical power, and a fourth optical power, wherein a portion of the ophthalmic lens having the first optical power directs incident light to a first image plane, and the light-adjusting units having the second and third optical powers direct light to second and third image planes that are myopicly defocused relative to the first image plane, and the light-adjusting units having the fourth optical power direct light to a fourth image plane that is hyperopicly defocused relative to the first image plane.

[0023] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a second optical power, a third optical power, and a fourth optical power, wherein a portion of the ophthalmic lens having the first optical power directs incident light to a first image plane, and the light-adjusting units having the second optical power direct light to a second image plane that is myopicly defocused relative to the first image plane, and the light-adjusting units having the third and fourth optical powers direct light to third and fourth image planes that are hyperopicly defocused relative to the first image plane.

[0024] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens for an eye with refractive errors, comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a second optical power and at least one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a third optical power, wherein a portion of the ophthalmic lens having the first optical power directs incident light to a first image plane to correct the refractive errors of the eye, and the light-adjusting units having the second optical power direct light to a second image plane that is myopicly defocused relative to the first image plane, and the light-adjusting units having the third optical power direct light to a third image plane that is hyperopicly defocused relative to the first image plane.

[0025] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens for an eye with refractive errors, comprising a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units; the base lens comprising a central and a peripheral optical zone, wherein the power of the peripheral optical zone is more positive than that of the central optical zone; wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units located in the peripheral optical zone have a power more positive than that of the peripheral optical zone and one or more of the light-adjusting units located in the peripheral optical zone have a power more negative than that of the peripheral optical zone.

[0026] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods of using one or more multifocal light adjustment units to direct incident light beyond an image plane.

[0027] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens; and one or more multifocal light adjustment units, wherein the base lens directs light to a first image plane and one or more of the multifocal light adjustment units direct light to at least a second and a third image plane.

[0028] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens; and one or more multifocal light adjustment units, wherein the base lens comprises a first optical power and one or more multifocal light adjustment units comprise at least a second optical power and one or more multifocal light adjustment units comprise at least a third optical power.

[0029] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having one or more optical powers; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units are multifocal adjustment units (i.e., having more than one focal length).

[0030] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first focal length; and a plurality of multifocal light adjustment units, wherein a first portion of one or more multifocal light adjustment units has a second focal length and a second portion of one or more multifocal light adjustment units has a third focal length.

[0031] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of multifocal light adjustment units, wherein a portion of the multifocal light adjustment units directs light preceding the first optical power and another portion of the multifocal light adjustment units directs light following the first optical power.

[0032] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having one or more optical powers; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units have substantially uniform optical powers and one or more of the multifocal light-adjusting units have variable optical powers.

[0033] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units (e.g., multifocal light-adjusting units) have variable optical power as graded or progressive optical power (e.g., the light-adjusting unit has more than one focal length, wherein multiple focal lengths gradually transition or change from one focal length to another focal length; or the focal length changes in one or more regions of the light-adjusting unit).

[0034] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of light adjustment units, wherein the optical power of one or more of the light adjustment units (e.g., multifocal light adjustment units) includes astigmatic optical power (e.g., may have one or more cylindrical or tortuous surfaces to provide different optical powers along different axes or meridians).

[0035] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of light adjustment units, wherein the optical power of one or more of the light adjustment units (e.g., multifocal light adjustment units) includes one or more astigmatic optical powers, wherein the axes (or meridians) of the one or more astigmatic optical powers may be aligned radially, and / or circumferentially, and / or vertically, and / or horizontally, and / or obliquely, and / or in a random or quasi-random, and / or pseudo-random configuration.

[0036] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of light adjustment units, wherein the optical power of one or more of the light adjustment units (e.g., multifocal light adjustment units) comprises one or more combinations of higher-order aberrations (e.g., spherical aberration, coma, trefoil, tetrafolio, higher-order astigmatism, etc.).

[0037] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power; and a plurality of optical adjustment units, wherein the optical power of one or more of the optical adjustment units (e.g., multifocal optical adjustment units) comprises one or more combinations of higher-order aberrations, wherein the axes or meridians of one or more non-rotationally symmetric higher-order aberrations (e.g., coma, trefoil) may be aligned radially, and / or circumferentially, and / or vertically, and / or horizontally, and / or obliquely, and / or in a random or quasi-random, and / or pseudo-random configuration.

[0038] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power and a plurality of light-adjusting units, wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units have a myopic power relative to the first optical power and one or more of the light-adjusting units have a hyperopic power relative to the first optical power.

[0039] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power and a plurality of optical adjustment units, wherein one or more of the optical adjustment units have a myopic or hyperopic optical power relative to the first optical power and one or more of the optical adjustment units are multifocal optical adjustment units having a variable optical power relative to the first optical power.

[0040] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power, one or more light-adjusting units having a myopic optical power relative to the first optical power, and one or more light-adjusting units having a hyperopic optical power relative to the first optical power, wherein the base lens having the first optical power guides incident light to focus at a first image plane, the one or more light-adjusting units having a more myopic optical power relative to the first optical power guide the light to one or more image planes that are hyperopic relative to the first image plane, and the one or more light-adjusting units having a more hyperopic optical power relative to the first optical power guide the light to one or more image planes that are myopic relative to the first image plane.

[0041] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having a first optical power, one or more optical adjustment units having a myopic optical power relative to the first optical power, one or more optical adjustment units having a hyperopic optical power relative to the first optical power, and one or more multifocal optical adjustment units having variable optical power, wherein the base lens having the first optical power directs incident light to a first image plane, one or more optical adjustment units having a more myopic optical power relative to the first optical power direct light to one or more image planes that are hyperopic relative to the first image plane, one or more optical adjustment units having a more hyperopic optical power relative to the first optical power direct light to one or more image planes that are myopic relative to the first image plane, and one or more multifocal optical adjustment units direct light to one or more image planes.

[0042] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens for correcting refractive errors of the eye, comprising a base lens having a first optical power, one or more optical adjustment units having a myopic optical power relative to the first optical power, one or more optical adjustment units having a hyperopic optical power relative to the first optical power, and one or more multifocal optical adjustment units having variable optical power, wherein the base lens having the first optical power directs incident light to a first image plane to correct the refractive error of the eye, one or more optical adjustment units having a more myopic optical power relative to the first optical power direct light to one or more image planes that are hyperopic relative to the first image plane, one or more optical adjustment units having a more hyperopic optical power relative to the first optical power direct light to one or more image planes that are myopic relative to the first image plane, and one or more multifocal optical adjustment units direct light to one or more image planes.

[0043] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens comprising a base lens having two or more meridians, the base lens having two or more meridional powers; one or more optical adjustment units having myopic powers relative to a meridional power; and one or more optical adjustment units having hyperopic powers relative to a meridional power, wherein the base lens having two or more meridional powers directs incident light to two or more meridional planes, the one or more optical adjustment units having more myopic powers relative to the first power direct the light to focus it on an image plane that is hyperopic and defocused relative to a meridional plane, and the one or more optical adjustment units having more hyperopic powers relative to the first power direct the light to an image plane that is myopic and defocused relative to a meridional plane.

[0044] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods using a base lens and one or more light-adjusting units, which (individually and / or collectively) generate a defocused light distribution that passes through more than one image plane (e.g., two or more image planes or three or more image planes, four or more image planes or five or more image planes, six or more image planes or seven or more image planes, eight or more image planes or nine or more image planes, ten or more image planes).

[0045] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods using a base lens and one or more light adjustment units, which (individually and / or collectively) generate a defocused light distribution that produces an extended depth of focus.

[0046] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods using a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units in one or more zones on the base lens, wherein the size, unit-to-unit spacing, sagittal height, curvature, optical power, and geometric fill factor of one or more light-adjusting units on the base lens generate a defocused light distribution of light transmitted through one or more light-adjusting unit zones and incident light, wherein a portion of the light is guided to the image plane, a portion of the light is myopicly defocused relative to the image plane, and a portion of the light is hyperopicly defocused relative to the image plane.

[0047] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods using a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units, the plurality of light-adjusting units (individually and / or collectively) generating light transmitted through one or more light-adjusting unit zones in one or more zones on the base lens, and guiding it to a defocused light distribution directed to the image plane, in front of the image plane and / or behind the image plane.

[0048] The present invention relates at least in part to an ophthalmic lens and / or a method of utilizing a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units in one or more zones on the base lens, the plurality of light-adjusting units being relatively corrected relative to the base lens to generate light transmitted through one or more light-adjusting unit zones, and directed to a defocused light distribution to the image plane, in front of the image plane and / or behind the image plane.

[0049] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods using a base lens and a plurality of light adjustment units, the plurality of light adjustment units being relatively corrected in one or more zones on the base lens to generate a defocused light distribution that transmits light through one or more light adjustment unit zones and is directed to an image plane and one or more planes in front of the image plane.

[0050] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods using a base lens and a plurality of light adjustment units, the plurality of light adjustment units being relatively more negative than the base lens, to generate a defocused light distribution directed to, before and after, the image plane.

[0051] The present invention relates at least in part to ophthalmic lenses and / or methods using a base lens and a plurality of light adjustment units, the plurality of light adjustment units being relatively more negative than the base lens, thereby (individually and / or collectively) generating a defocused light distribution directed to an image plane and one or more planes beyond the image plane.

[0052] Other features and advantages of the subject matter described herein will be apparent from the implementation methods, drawings, and the scope of the patent applications. Simple Explanation of the Diagram

[0053] The manner of the embodiments described herein can be understood from the following embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a lens for single vision and an eye corrected with a spectacle lens, where (a) is a side view of a standard spectacle lens, (b) is a front view of a standard spectacle lens, and (c) is an eye corrected with a standard spectacle lens.

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having a base lens and a light adjustment unit incorporated thereon according to some embodiments described herein, and an eye corrected by the ophthalmic lens, wherein (a) is a side view of an eyeglass lens having microlenses, (b) is a front view of an eyeglass lens having microlenses, and (c) is an eye corrected by an eyeglass lens having microlenses.

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an example of the optical power distribution of the optical adjustment unit.

[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of the surface profile of the light adjustment unit.

[0058] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an example of a phase-adjusting light light adjustment unit.

[0059] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the possible distribution of light-adjusting units in various sections of an ophthalmic lens.

[0060] Figure 7 is a graph illustrating the geometric fill factor of an example of a light-adjusting unit on an ophthalmic lens and the resulting defocus light distribution in cases of myopic and hyperopic defocus.

[0061] Figure 8 shows the distribution of defocused light incident on an ophthalmic lens containing multiple light adjustment units, indicating the proportion of light focused at the image plane, in front of or before the image plane, and behind or after the image plane. In this figure, A represents myopic defocus, A' represents multiple focal plane bands (myopic defocus), B represents hyperopic defocus, B' represents multiple focal plane bands (hyperopic defocus), and C represents the amplitude of the image focused on.

[0062] Figure 9 illustrates the optical power diagram of an ophthalmic lens with a plano base lens and a +3.50D light adjustment unit, where (a) is the optical power diagram - sagittal meridian; (b) is the optical power diagram - tangential meridian; (c) is the cumulative frequency distribution curve; and (d) is the defocus light distribution.

[0063] Figure 10 shows the defocused light distribution obtained when light is incident on a plurality of ophthalmic lenses containing light adjustment units with geometric fill factors, wherein 75% of the light is directed to the image plane and approximately 25% of the light is directed to a plane before the image plane (myopic defocus), where A is the peak amplitude of myopic defocus, A' is multiple focal plane bands in myopic defocus, B is the peak amplitude of hyperopic defocus, B' is multiple focal plane bands in hyperopic defocus, and C is the amplitude of the image being focused.

[0064] Figure 11 illustrates an embodiment of the defocused light distribution of an ophthalmic lens containing multiple light adjustment units, wherein the geometric fill factor is designed to provide asymmetric amplitude light focusing on planes before and after the image plane, where A is the peak amplitude of myopic defocus, A' is multiple focal plane bands (myopic defocus), B is the peak amplitude of hyperopic defocus, B' is the absence of a focal plane, and C is the amplitude of the image being focused.

[0065] Figure 12 illustrates the defocus light distribution of an ophthalmic lens containing multiple light adjustment units. The light distribution bands on the planes before and after the image plane are considered in terms of refractive step length. A is the peak amplitude of myopic defocus, A' is multiple focal plane bands in the form of defocus step length (myopic defocus), B is the peak amplitude of hyperopic defocus, B' is a partial band of multiple focal planes (hyperopic defocus), and C is the amplitude of the focus aligned with the image.

[0066] Figure 13 illustrates the defocus light distribution of an ophthalmic lens containing multiple light adjustment units. The light distribution bands on the planes before and after the image plane are considered in terms of discrete or discontinuous refractive step sizes. Here, A is the peak amplitude of myopic defocus, A' is the discontinuous discrete focal plane band (myopic defocus), B is the peak amplitude of hyperopic defocus, B' is a partial band of multiple focal planes (hyperopic defocus), and C is the amplitude of the image being focused.

[0067] Figure 14 illustrates the dependency relationship between the light modulation unit and its adjacent units.

[0068] Figure 15 is a diagram illustrating the specifications of the light modulation units in Examples 1 to 13, where Examples 1 to 13 show the optical power (in diopters) of spectacle lenses with light modulation units. The spectacle lenses have an optical power of -2.00D (i.e., the area without light modulation units) and contain both positive (except for Examples 5 and 6) and negative light modulation units. These examples demonstrate microlenses with different optical powers, sizes, fill ratios, and distributions (i.e., the number of positive / negative light modulation units in three different optical zones (i.e., the center, intermediate periphery, and peripheral zones)).

[0069] Figure 16 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 1) described herein.

[0070] Figure 17 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 2) described herein.

[0071] Figure 18 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 3) described herein.

[0072] Figure 19 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 4) described herein.

[0073] Figure 20 shows the optical power diagram of a -2.00 D myopia lens with a positive light adjustment unit (optical power of the light adjustment unit is +0.50D) and a geometric blur circle.

[0074] Figure 21 shows the optical power diagram of a -2.00 D myopia lens with a negative light adjustment unit (the light adjustment unit has an optical power of +2.00D) and a geometric blur circle.

[0075] Figure 22 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 5) described herein.

[0076] Figure 23 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 6) described herein.

[0077] Figure 24 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 7) described herein.

[0078] Figure 25 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 8) described herein.

[0079] Figure 26 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 9) described herein.

[0080] Figure 27 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 10) described herein.

[0081] Figure 28 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 11) described herein.

[0082] Figure 29 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments (Example 12) described herein.

[0083] Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having both concave and convex light adjustment units on the front surface of the lens, according to some embodiments described herein (Example 13).

[0084] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having a multifocal light adjustment unit on the front surface of the lens according to some embodiments (Example 14) described herein.

[0085] Figure 32 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having a multifocal light adjustment unit on the front surface of the lens according to some embodiments (Example 15) described herein.

[0086] Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having a multifocal light adjustment unit on the front surface of the lens according to some embodiments (Example 16) described herein.

[0087] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having both positive and negative light adjustment units and a multifocal light adjustment unit on both the front and rear surfaces of the lens, according to some embodiments described herein (Example 17).

[0088] Figure 35 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary eye lens having concave, convex and multifocal light modulation units embedded in the lens surface of an eye lens according to some embodiments described herein, wherein 3a is a spectacle lens (side view) having a light modulation unit on the front surface (in air), 3b is a concave light modulation unit, 3c is a variable power (multifocal) light modulation unit, and 3d is a convex light modulation unit.

[0089] Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary eye lens having concave, convex and multifocal light modulation units embedded in the lens matrix of an eye lens according to some embodiments described herein, wherein 4a is a spectacle lens (side view) with a light modulation unit, 4b is a concave light modulation unit, 4c is a variable (multifocal) light modulation unit, 4d is a convex light modulation unit, and 4e is an offset layer.

[0090] Figure 37 is an enlarged schematic diagram of an exemplary eye lens having concave and convex light modulation units on the front surface of the eye lens according to some embodiments described herein, to illustrate multiple planes that guide light through the eye lens to the retina, wherein (a) is an enlarged portion of the eye lens having the light modulation units, and (b) is an enlarged portion of the retina.

[0091] Figure 38 is an enlarged schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens and contact lens having concave and convex light modulation units on the anterior surface of an ophthalmic lens according to some embodiments described herein, to illustrate that light directed through the eyeglass lens is focused on multiple planes at the retina, wherein (a) is an enlarged portion of the contact lens having the light modulation unit, and (b) is an enlarged portion of the retina.

[0092] Figure 39 is a power diagram of an exemplary lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein.

[0093] Figure 40 is a power diagram of an exemplary lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein.

[0094] Figure 41 is a power diagram of an exemplary lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein (Example 1).

[0095] Figure 42 is an illustration of an ophthalmic lens containing a light adjustment unit, wherein the focal power of the light adjustment unit is selected to place the corresponding focal plane near the entrance pupil of the eye.

[0096] Figure 43 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein.

[0097] Figure 44 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein.

[0098] Figure 45 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. Implementation

[0099] [Cross-reference to related applications] [ ] This invention claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 868,348, filed June 28, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 896,920, filed September 6, 2019. This application also relates to International Application No. PCT / AU2017 / 051173, filed October 25, 2017, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 412,507, filed October 25, 2016. Each of these priority applications and related applications is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0100] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or instances for implementing various features of the provided subject matter. Specific examples of components and configurations are described below to simplify the invention. Of course, these components and configurations are merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in various instances. This repetition is for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or configurations discussed.

[0101] The subject headings used in the embodiments are included for the convenience of the reader and should not be used to limit the subject matter found throughout the invention or the claims. The subject headings should not be used to interpret the scope or limitation of the claims.

[0102] The term "about" as used in this invention should be understood to be interchangeable with the terms "approximately" or "about".

[0103] The term "comprise" and its derivatives (e.g., comprises / comprising) used in this invention shall be construed as including the features referred to therein, and shall not exclude the presence of additional features unless otherwise stated or implied.

[0104] As used in this invention, the terms "myopia" or "myopic" mean an eye that is already myopic, is pre-myopic, or has a refractive condition that is progressing toward myopia.

[0105] As used in this invention, the term "stop signal" refers to an optical signal that can help slow down, stop, delay, inhibit, or control eye growth and / or refractive conditions of the eye.

[0106] As used in this invention, the term "ophthalmic lens" is intended to include one or more of spectacle lenses or contact lenses. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens may include a base lens. It may also include one or more of a film, sheet, or coating designed to be attached to or adhered to the base lens or used in combination with the base lens.

[0107] As used in this invention, the term "spectacle lens" is intended to include lens blanks, semi-finished products, finished products, or substantially finished spectacle lenses.

[0108] As used in this invention, the term "light adjustment unit" refers to a combination of refractive or diffractive optical elements (e.g., microlenses, refractive lenses, or Fresnel-type lenses, or diffractive infrared gratings, diffraction gratings, diffraction rings, or phase transition masks, such as amplitude masks, binary amplitude masks, phase masks, or kinoforms, or binary phase masks, or phase transition surfaces, such as meta-surfaces or nanostructures), which may be (or can be shaped as): circular, elliptical, semi-circular, hexagonal, square, cylindrical, or other suitable shapes. The light adjustment unit can be spherical, aspherical, multifocal, or prismatic, and its diameter can range from about 20 micrometers to about 3 mm (e.g., about 20 micrometers, 50 micrometers, 75 micrometers, 100 micrometers, 200 micrometers, 250 micrometers, 300 micrometers, 400 micrometers, 500 micrometers, 600 micrometers, 700 micrometers, 750 micrometers, 800 micrometers, 900 micrometers, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, and / or 3 mm). The light adjustment unit can have zero or no optical power, positive or negative optical power, and / or multiple optical powers. The light adjustment unit can have a focal length or one or more focal lengths. The shape (or surface profile) of the light adjustment unit can be convex, flat (e.g., flat or substantially flat), concave, or a suitable combination of shapes. The light adjustment unit can have low-order aberrations (astigmatism). The light-adjusting unit may have an astigmatic axis aligned vertically, horizontally, obliquely, radially, circumferentially, and / or in a random, quasi-random, and / or pseudo-random configuration. The light-adjusting unit may have one or more higher-order aberrations (such as spherical aberration, coma, trefoil, tetralobes, etc.). The light-adjusting unit may have an axis or meridian of a non-rotational higher-order aberration (e.g., coma, trefoil, tetralobes) aligned vertically, horizontally, obliquely, radially, circumferentially, and / or in a random, quasi-random, and / or pseudo-random configuration. The light-adjusting unit may be constructed of the same material (e.g., having the same refractive index) as the substrate of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., the base lens) or may vary in material and / or refractive index relative to the substrate of the ophthalmic lens. The light-adjusting unit may be generated by laser (e.g., a femtosecond laser used to reduce or position changes in lens material). It can be combined with a mask to form a plurality of light-adjusting units to improve the efficiency of light-adjusting unit fabrication. The light-adjusting units can be formed or attached to either or both of the front or rear surfaces of the base lens, or embedded or clipped into the base lens, or may include a combination thereof (e.g., one or more light-adjusting units embedded in the base lens and one or more light-adjusting units formed on one or more surfaces). The light-adjusting units can be formed as part of a lens surface coating or transferred to the surface as part of a lens manufacturing process (e.g., molding process).The optical adjustment unit may have aberrations; for example, aspherical surfaces may be used in part or all of the optical adjustment unit to introduce changes in optical power, such as spherical aberrations or other suitable optical aberrations on the optical adjustment unit. The optical power of the optical adjustment unit can be determined using established techniques and / or procedures for measuring refractive power, or calculated based on the refractive index, thickness, curvature, or combinations thereof of the materials used, or calculated using other suitable material properties.

[0109] As used in this invention, the term "multifocal" light adjustment unit refers to a light adjustment unit having a plurality of focal lengths and / or optical powers. It may also refer to a cylindrical, astigmatic, or toric light adjustment unit. In some embodiments, a multifocal light adjustment unit may be referred to as a light adjustment unit with variable optical powers.

[0110] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-lens refractive lens and myopia corrected with spectacle lenses. As illustrated, an eyeglass lens (e.g., a spectacle lens) is placed in front of the eye to affect vision. In Figure 1, the eyeglass lens 1 (1a is a side view and 1b is a front view) has approximately uniform optical power, and as can be observed from the side view of lens 1, light passing through the eyeglass lens 1 (e.g., a spectacle lens) is focused on a single image plane at or near the fovea of ​​the eye.

[0111] Considering the image in the eye within a natural scene, the scene typically contains both focusing elements and defocusing elements (myopic and hyperopic). The extent and magnitude of these focusing and defocusing elements vary depending on the scene. Therefore, in the eye, areas or portions of the retina may be exposed to competing optical signals generated by the focusing and defocusing images. The defocusing image may be both hyperopic and myopic defocus. These competing focusing / defocusing signals can influence the guidance of emmetropization in the eye—for example, introducing myopic or hyperopic defocus in animal models can disrupt emmetropization. Similarly, correcting myopia with ophthalmic lenses of uniform power does not slow eye growth. Therefore, incorporating elements that direct light to multiple planes can generate competing signals on the retina and provide a cues for slowing and / or inhibiting eye growth.

[0112] Therefore, it is necessary to provide competing defocus signals on the retina by directing light to multiple planes, and thus to provide a slowing and / or stopping signal for eye growth. In some embodiments, this may be achieved by attenuating the intensity of the focused image compared to the surrounding elements. In such cases, when using ophthalmic lenses, it may be desirable to direct incident light to multiple planes of the retina for some lines of sight.

[0113] Therefore, in some embodiments, when the ophthalmic lens is used by a human eye, the ophthalmic lens and / or method described herein may be able to direct light to multiple planes for all or a substantial proportion of the eye's line of sight. In some embodiments, when the ophthalmic lens is used by a human eye, a substantial proportion of the line of sight for any eye may include at least 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the eye's line of sight position. [Basic Eyeglass Lenses] [ ]

[0114] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having a base lens and light-adjusting units incorporated therein, according to some embodiments described herein, and an eye corrected by the ophthalmic lens. In Figure 2, the ophthalmic lens 2 (e.g., a spectacle lens) (2a is a side view and 2b is a front view) includes a plurality of light-adjusting units 2f formed on or embedded in the lens surface. The ophthalmic lens (e.g., a spectacle lens) has three optical zones—a central optical zone 2c; a central peripheral optical zone 2d; and a peripheral optical zone 2e.

[0115] In some embodiments, the base lens of an ophthalmic lens (e.g., a spectacle lens) may include one or more of these three zones. In some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens may be combined with a sheet, film, or coating that can be attached to or applied to one or more surfaces of the spectacle lens, or fitted to the front and / or rear surfaces of the base lens and / or embedded in the base lens. In some embodiments, the central optical zone of the ophthalmic lens may be circular in shape and have a radius ranging from about 1.5 mm to 5 mm. In some embodiments, the central optical zone may be non-circular in shape. In some embodiments, the optical zone may be elliptical, square, or any other suitable shape. In some embodiments, the central optical zone may be offset from the center or optical axis of the ophthalmic lens. In some embodiments, the intermediate peripheral optical zone may be annular in shape or may have other suitable shapes and have an inner radius of about 15 mm and an outer radius of about 15 mm. In some embodiments, the peripheral optical zone may be annular in shape or may have other suitable shapes and have an inner radius of about 10 mm and an outer radius of about 30 mm. In some embodiments, the substrate of the base lens may be made of a transparent or at least substantially transparent material. In some embodiments, the optical power of the base lens may be uniform or variable. In some embodiments, the optical power of the peripheral optical zone of the base lens may be more positive than that of the central and / or intermediate peripheral optical zones. In some embodiments, the optical power of the peripheral and intermediate peripheral optical zones of the base lens may be more positive than that of the central optical zone. In some embodiments, the optical power of the peripheral optical zone of the base lens may be more negative than that of the central and / or intermediate peripheral optical zones. In some embodiments, the increase in positive optical power from the center to the intermediate peripheral and / or peripheral zones may be stepwise or may increase gradually in a monotonically or non-monotonic manner. In some embodiments, the increase in negative optical power from the center to the intermediate peripheral and / or peripheral zones may be stepwise or may increase gradually in a monotonically or non-monotonic manner. In some embodiments, the change in optical power from the center to the peripheral zones may span the entire (or substantially the entire) base lens or may be applied to certain areas, quadrants, or portions of the lens. In some embodiments, the base lens of the ophthalmic lens may incorporate a filter or a phase change mask, such as an amplitude mask. In some embodiments, the filter may be applied to the entire base lens or to a selected area, quadrant, or portion of the lens. In some embodiments, the phase change mask may be applied to the entire base lens or to a selected area, quadrant, or portion of the lens. [Light Adjustment Unit] [ ]

[0116] In some embodiments, when the ophthalmic lens is used by a human eye, the ophthalmic lens and / or method described herein can direct light to multiple planes for all or a substantial proportion of the eye's line of sight by utilizing a combination of a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units. The light-adjusting units may be present throughout the lens or in one or more sections (regions or areas) of the lens (referred to as light-adjusting sections or processing sections). In some embodiments, the central section of the ophthalmic lens may not contain light-adjusting units to achieve, for example, clear vision for distance vision. In some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens may include a base lens having one or more optical powers and a plurality of light-adjusting units throughout the lens or in one or more light-adjusting sections. In some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens may include a base lens having one or more optical powers, a plurality of light-adjusting units, and encapsulation sections surrounding the light-adjusting units. In some other embodiments, the ophthalmic lens may include a base lens having one or more optical powers, one or more concentric rings or annular sections, or at least a portion of a ring or annular sections having one or more optical powers and a plurality of light-adjusting units. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens may include a base lens with a phase change shield and a plurality of light adjustment units in one or more light adjustment zones.

[0117] In some embodiments, a plurality of light-adjusting units may be regularly or irregularly placed on a base lens and may be separated from, adjacent to, overlap, or juxtaposed with each other. One or more of the light-adjusting units may be individually positioned or stacked on the base lens of the ophthalmic lens, or may be arranged in an array or configuration, or stacked in the form of aggregates, stacks, clusters, or other suitable stacking configurations (also referred to as geometric configurations). Individual light-adjusting units or configurations, aggregates, arrays, or clusters (including, for example, combined, continuous units and / or interacting or otherwise dependent units) may be square, hexagonal, circular, rhomboid, concentric, non-concentric, spiral, incomplete loop, rotationally symmetric, rotationally asymmetric, or any other suitable configuration (e.g., a repeating pattern corresponding to a square, hexagon, or any other suitable configuration, or any non-repeating or random configuration) positioned on the base lens and may or may not be centered on the geometric or optical center of the base lens. In some embodiments, the geometric center of an individual light-adjusting unit may be aligned with the geometric center of the array of light-adjusting units. In some embodiments, the geometric center of an individual light adjustment unit may not be aligned with the geometric center of the light adjustment unit array. In some embodiments, the geometric center of an individual light adjustment unit or the geometric center of the light adjustment unit array is offset from the center of the base lens. In some embodiments, the geometric center of the light adjustment unit array may be aligned with the optical or geometric center of the base lens, but the individual light adjustment units may be offset from the geometric center of the array.

[0118] In some embodiments, the diameter of one or more light-adjusting units in the central optical zone may be between about 20 micrometers and about 400 micrometers (e.g., between about 20 to 60 micrometers, 40 to 80 micrometers, 60 to 100 micrometers, 80 to 120 micrometers, 100 to 140 micrometers, 120 to 160 micrometers, 140 to 180 micrometers, 160 to 200 micrometers, 180 to 220 micrometers, 200 to 240 micrometers, 220 to 260 micrometers, 240 to 280 micrometers, 260 to 300 micrometers, 280 to 320 micrometers, 300 to 340 micrometers, 320 to 360 micrometers, 340 to 380 micrometers, 360 to 400 micrometers, 20 to 100 micrometers, 100 to 200 micrometers, 200 to 300 micrometers, and 300 to 400 micrometers). In some embodiments, the diameter of one or more light adjustment units in the intermediate peripheral optical zone may be between about 20 micrometers and about 1.5 mm (e.g., between about 20 to 100 micrometers, 100 to 200 micrometers, 200 to 300 micrometers, 300 to 400 micrometers, 400 to 500 micrometers, 500 to 600 micrometers, 600 to 700 micrometers, 700 to 800 micrometers, 800 to 900 micrometers, 900 micrometers to 1 mm, 1 to 1.1 mm, 1.1 to 1.2 mm, 1.2 to 1.3 mm, 1.3 to 1.4 mm, 1.4 to 1.5 mm, 1 to 1.5 mm, 500 micrometers to 1 mm, and 100 to 500 micrometers). In some embodiments, the diameter of the light adjustment unit in the peripheral optical zone can be between about 20 micrometers and about 3 mm (e.g., between about 20 to 100 micrometers, 100 to 200 micrometers, 200 to 300 micrometers, 300 to 400 micrometers, 400 to 500 micrometers, 500 to 600 micrometers, 600 to 700 micrometers, 700 to 800 micrometers, 800 to 900 micrometers, 900 micrometers to 1 mm, 1 to 1.1 mm, 1.1 to 1.2 mm, 1.2 to 1.3 mm, 1.3 to 1.4 mm, 1.4 to 1.5 mm, 1.5 to 1.6 mm, 1.6 to 1.7 mm, 1.7 to 1.8 mm, 1.8 to 1.9 mm, 1.9 to 2 mm, 2 to 2.1 mm, 2.1 to 2.2 mm, 2.2 to 2.3 mm, 2.3 to 2.4 mm, 2.4 to 2.5 mm). (The diameters are between 2.5 and 2.6 mm, 2.6 and 2.7 mm, 2.7 and 2.8 mm, 2.8 and 2.9 mm, and 2.9 and 3 mm). In some embodiments, the ratio of the length of the longest (x) meridian or axis to the shortest meridian or axis (y) of the light adjustment unit may be about 1.1, about 1.2, about 1.3, about 1.4, about 1.5, about 1.6, about 1.7, about 1.8, about 1.9, and about 2.0. In some embodiments, the diameters of a plurality of light adjustment units in a particular optical zone may be the same or substantially the same.In some embodiments, the diameters of a plurality of light-adjusting units in a particular optical zone may vary within the ranges described above. In some embodiments, the sagittal depth of the light-adjusting lens may vary between about 20 nm to about 1 mm, about 20 nm to about 500 µm, about 20 nm to about 400 µm, about 20 nm to about 300 µm, about 20 nm to about 200 µm, about 20 nm to about 100 µm, about 20 nm to about 50 µm, about 20 nm to about 40 µm, about 20 nm to about 30 µm, about 20 nm to about 20 µm, and about 20 nm to about 10 µm. In some embodiments, the sagittal difference of the light adjustment unit relative to the base lens, i.e., the height difference of the extension or depression on the base lens, can be approximately +20 nm to approximately +50 µm, +20 nm to approximately +40 µm, +20 nm to approximately +30 µm, +20 nm to approximately +20 µm, +20 nm to approximately +10 µm, +20 nm to approximately +5 µm, -20 nm to approximately -50 µm, -20 nm to approximately -40 µm, -20 nm to approximately -30 µm, -20 nm to approximately -20 µm, -20 nm to approximately -10 µm, or -20 nm to approximately -5 µm.

[0119] Figure 3 illustrates examples of some possible power distributions for refracting exemplary light conditioning units (including, for example, multifocal light conditioning units). As illustrated in example (a), the light conditioning unit may comprise two sections (e.g., Z1 and Z2), or as illustrated in (b), it may comprise annular sections (e.g., a central section Z4 surrounded by annular sections Z3 and Z5), or as illustrated in example (c), it may be a toric or astigmatic light conditioning unit (e.g., Z6 refers to a horizontal meridian and Z7 refers to a vertical meridian). Other suitable configurations are also possible (e.g., light conditioning units with a single section or more than three sections). As illustrated, the power distribution on the light conditioning unit may be substantially uniform or may vary across the light conditioning unit. In some embodiments of the toric / astigmatic light conditioning unit, the orientation of the meridional axis may be vertical / horizontal or inclined. In some embodiments of the toric / astigmatic light conditioning unit, the power along the sagittal and tangential meridians may not be uniform. In some embodiments, the light adjustment unit may be substantially positive, substantially negative, and / or a combination of positive and negative power. In some embodiments, a substantially positive power light adjustment unit may have uniform power to direct light to a single focus or may have variable power (multifocal) to direct light to focus at multiple planes. In some embodiments, a substantially negative power light adjustment unit may have uniform (e.g., substantially uniform) power to direct light to a single focus or may have variable power (multifocal) to direct light to focus at multiple planes. In some embodiments, the light adjustment unit may be configured such that any of its principal meridian or axis or longest meridian may be aligned parallel to each other, radially aligned, circumferentially aligned, or aligned in any suitable geometric configuration (such as, for example, a triangular configuration, or a square, rectangular, or hexagonal configuration). In some embodiments, the light adjustment unit may have one or more higher-order aberrations (such as spherical aberration, coma, trefoil, tetralobite, etc.) to produce an extended depth of focus. In some embodiments, the extended depth of focus light adjustment unit may combine at least two primary aberrations and at least two secondary aberrations. In some embodiments, the image quality of the extended focal point may be about 0.4 or higher (e.g., 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, etc.), or may be less than the image quality difference between two focal points with a defocus of 0.50D.

[0120] Figure 4 illustrates some possible surface profiles of the light adjustment units (a) and (b) shown in Figure 3.

[0121] In some embodiments, in the central optical zone, the optical power of one or more light-adjusting units on the base lens can vary between about -3D and about +3D (e.g., about -3D, -2.5D, -2D, -1.5D, -1D, -0.5D, +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D). In some embodiments, in the intermediate peripheral optical zone, the optical power of one or more light-adjusting units on the ophthalmic lens can vary between about -3D and +5D (e.g., about -3D, -2.5D, -2D, -1.5D, -1D, -0.5D, +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D, +3.5D, +4D, +4.5D, +5D). In some embodiments, within a peripheral optical zone, the optical power of one or more light-adjusting units on the base lens can vary between approximately -3D and approximately +5D (e.g., approximately -3D, -2.5D, -2D, -1.5D, -1D, -0.5D, +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D, +3.5D, +4D, +4.5D, +5D). In some embodiments, the optical power of one or more multifocal light-adjusting units may include more than one range between approximately -3D and approximately +5D (e.g., approximately -3D, -2.5D, -2D, -1.5D, -1D, -0.5D, 0.00, +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D, +3.5D, +4D, +4.5D, +5D).

[0122] In some embodiments, in the central optical zone, the optical power of one or more light-adjusting units on the base lens may be in the range of about -3D to about +3D (e.g., about -3D, -2.5D, -2D, -1.5D, -1D, -0.5D, +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D). In some embodiments, in the intermediate peripheral optical zone, the optical power of one or more light-adjusting units on the base lens may be in the range of about -3D to +5D (e.g., about -3D, -2.5D, -2D, -1.5D, -1D, -0.5D, +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D, +3.5D, +4D, +4.5D, +5D). In some embodiments, within the peripheral optical zones, the optical power of one or more light-adjusting units on the base lens may be in the range of approximately -3D to approximately +5D (e.g., approximately -3D, -2.5D, -2D, -1.5D, -1D, -0.5D, +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D, +3.5D, +4D, +4.5D, +5D). In some embodiments, the optical power of one or more multifocal light-adjusting units may include more than one range between approximately -3D and approximately +5D (e.g., approximately -3D, -2.5D, -2D, -1.5D, -1D, -0.5D, 0.00, +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D, +3.5D, +4D, +4.5D, +5D).

[0123] In some embodiments, the light modulation unit may include a phase transition mask, such as an amplitude mask, a binary amplitude mask, a phase mask, or a phase lattice, or a binary phase mask, or a phase transition surface, such as a metasurface or a nanostructure. Figure 5 illustrates some examples of light modulation units in which the light phase has been modulated. Considering, for example, a light modulation unit, the outer region 5d of the light modulation unit represents the area in which the light phase has been modulated, for example, by pi / 2, pi, 3.pi / 2 or 0 to pi / 2, pi / 2 to pi, pi to 3.pi / 2 or 3.pi / 2 to 2.pi; the inner white circle 5e represents the second region of the light modulation unit, in which the light phase has been modulated to a different phase than the first region; the middle gray circle 5f represents the third region of the light modulation unit, in which the light phase has been modulated to a different phase than the first or second region.

[0124] In some embodiments, depending on the orientation on the base lens and the incorporation of other features including one or more of filters, phase-change masks, etc., the light-adjusting unit with incorporated refractive power can selectively transmit incident light ranging from about 100% to about 30%, about 100% to about 40%, about 100% to about 50%, about 100% to about 60%, about 100% to about 70%, about 100% to about 80%, about 100% to about 90%, about 90% to about 50%, to greater than about 50%, greater than about 60%, greater than about 70%, greater than about 80%, and greater than about 90%. In some embodiments, the light-transmitting area of ​​the light-adjusting unit can be the entire light-adjusting unit or a selected portion or region of the light-adjusting unit.

[0125] In some embodiments, the light adjustment units described herein and illustrated in FIG6 may be distributed in all zones of the base lens described herein, or may be distributed in one or more zones (light adjustment zones or processing zones) of the base lens. In some embodiments, the light adjustment units may be distributed only in the central zone (6a), only in the intermediate peripheral zone (6b), only in the peripheral zone (6c), only in the central and intermediate peripheral zones (6e), only in the intermediate peripheral and peripheral zones (6f), or only in the central and peripheral zones (6g). In some embodiments, the light adjustment units may be distributed in all one or more zones, or may be limited to quadrants or regions of the zones (e.g., as illustrated in FIG6(6d) and (6h)), or may be asymmetrically distributed (6i). The size, density per square millimeter, and stacking configuration of the light adjustment units may be uniform or varied within the zones. FIG6(6j) illustrates an example where the density of the light adjustment units in the peripheral zone is greater than that in the intermediate peripheral zone. Figure 6(6k) illustrates an example of arranging the light adjustment units in concentric zones, but the geometric centers (CR1 and CR2) of the rings (R1 and R2) are not aligned with each other or with the geometric center (G1) of the base lens. Figure 6(6l) illustrates an example of arranging the light adjustment units in a spiral configuration, wherein the last light adjustment unit of the first circle is not aligned with the first adjustment unit of the first ring. In other embodiments, the light adjustment can be configured with a spiral arrangement of multiple rings, wherein the last adjustment unit of the first circle may not be aligned with the first unit of the first ring, the first unit of the second ring, the first unit of the third ring, etc.

[0126] In some embodiments, the light adjustment units distributed across all surface areas of the base lens or one or more zones of the base lens may be refractive power and may include the following: light adjustment units with only substantially negative power, light adjustment units with only substantially positive power, light adjustment units with only substantially negative power having one or more power, light adjustment units with only substantially positive power having one or more power, light adjustment units with only substantially multifocal power, a combination of light adjustment units with one or more power and substantially negative power and multifocal power, a combination of light adjustment units with one or more power and substantially positive power and multifocal power, a combination of light adjustment units with one or more power and substantially negative power, or a combination of light adjustment units with substantially positive power, negative power, and multifocal power.

[0127] In some embodiments, for each of one or more zones of the base lens, the distribution of substantially negative power light adjustment units having one or more optical powers and substantially positive power light adjustment units having one or more optical powers (e.g., the ratio of the number of negative power light adjustment units to the number of positive power light adjustment units) can be approximately 100 / 0, 95 / 5; 90 / 10, 85 / 15, 80 / 20, 75 / 25, 70 / 30, 65 / 35, 60 / 40, 55 / 45, 50 / 50, 45 / 55, 40 / 60, 35 / 65, 30 / 70, 25 / 75, 20 / 80, 15 / 85, 10 / 90, 5 / 95, or 0 / 100. In some embodiments, the distribution of the negative power adjustment unit and the multifocal adjustment unit on one or more sections of the base lens (e.g., the ratio of the number of negative power adjustment units to the number of multifocal adjustment units) can be approximately 100 / 0, 95 / 5; 90 / 10, 85 / 15, 80 / 20, 75 / 25, 70 / 30, 65 / 35, 60 / 40, 55 / 45, 50 / 50, 45 / 55, 40 / 60, 35 / 65, 30 / 70, 25 / 75, 20 / 80, 15 / 85, 10 / 90, 5 / 95, or 0 / 100. In some embodiments, the distribution of substantially positive power adjustment units and multifocal adjustment units on one or more zones of the base lens (e.g., the ratio of the number of positive power adjustment units to the number of multifocal adjustment units) can be approximately 95 / 5; 90 / 10, 85 / 15, 80 / 20, 75 / 25, 70 / 30, 65 / 35, 60 / 40, 55 / 45, 50 / 50, 45 / 55, 40 / 60, 35 / 65, 30 / 70, 25 / 75, 20 / 80, 15 / 85, 10 / 90, 5 / 95, 0 / 100. In some embodiments, the distribution of substantially positive power adjustment units, substantially negative power adjustment units, and multifocal adjustment units on one or more zones of the base lens (e.g., the ratio of the number of positive power adjustment units to the number of negative power adjustment units to the number of multifocal adjustment units) can vary in equal proportions or may not be equal. In some embodiments, the distribution of substantially positive power adjustment units, substantially negative power adjustment units, multifocal adjustment units, and light adjustment units with phase change masks on one or more sections of the base lens (e.g., the ratio of the number of positive power adjustment units to the number of negative power adjustment units to the number of multifocal adjustment units) may vary proportionally or may not be equal.

[0128] In some embodiments, the distribution of negative power adjustment units on one or more zones of the base lens may be limited to quadrants, zones, or regions, and may be randomly scattered, configured as clusters, stacks, aggregates, arrays, or regularly arranged on the base lens. In some embodiments, the distribution of positive power adjustment units on one or more zones of the base lens may be limited to quadrants, zones, or regions, and may be randomly scattered, configured as clusters, stacks, aggregates, arrays, or regularly arranged on the base lens. In some embodiments, the distribution of multifocal adjustment units on one or more zones of the base lens may be limited to quadrants, zones, or regions, and may be randomly scattered, configured as clusters of two or more adjustment units, or regularly arranged on the ophthalmic lens. [Geometric Fill Ratio] [ / ] [Out of focus] [Light distribution:]

[0129] In some embodiments, ophthalmic lenses may be characterized by a fill factor ratio. The fill factor ratio (or fill factor ratio) can be defined as the ratio of the area occupied by the accommodative unit to the total area of ​​the base lens region dedicated to the accommodative unit. This region is also referred to as the accommodative unit zone (e.g., excluding any specific central zone / region that does not contain the accommodative unit). In some embodiments, lens designers and / or clinicians may use the accommodative unit geometry or fill factor ratio as a guideline for the clinical efficacy of ophthalmic lenses, including myopia control, visual acuity, and / or abrasion resistance. For example, an ophthalmic lens incorporating a base lens with both optical power and positive optical power accommodative units within a peripheral annular optical zone with a geometric fill factor of 25% allows clinicians to infer that 25% of the light passing through the peripheral zone is focused in front of the retinal plane to slow axial eye growth, while 75% of the light passing through the peripheral portion of the lens is focused on the retinal plane to provide refractive error correction and good vision. In this case, if myopia progresses faster than expected, clinicians may consider increasing the geometric fill factor of the optical accommodation unit of positive power to approximately 35%. However, the defocused light distribution (TFLD) of incident light passing through the peripheral zone of the lens and entering the eye may not match the TFLD represented by the geometric fill factor. Figure 7 is a graph showing the geometric fill factor and the corresponding TFLD in the eye for a series of embodiments. As can be seen from the diagram, when incident light is directed through ophthalmic lens 1 (Figure 7), although the expected positive power optical accommodation unit directs the light to a plane of myopic defocus (i.e., relative to the retinal plane or the image plane corresponding to the optical power of the base lens), the interaction caused by the geometric features of the base lens and the optical accommodation unit (including, for example, the spacing between units, the diameter or size of the units, the sagittal depth, the curvature or surface profile of the units, the optical power or focal length of the units, and / or other optical accommodation effects of the configuration) can cause the light generated from this configuration to be directed to multiple planes, such as at the retina or image plane and in one or both of myopic (in front of the retina or image plane) and hyperopic defocus (relative to the image plane). For lens 1 in Figure 7, in myopic defocus (in front of the image plane), the resulting light distribution in the peripheral zone is approximately 23.8%, while in hyperopic defocus (behind the image plane), a larger amount of light is 34.7%. This is further illustrated in Figure 8, which shows that light emitted from the configuration of the light accommodation zones on the ophthalmic lens is directed to the retinal image plane (C) (or, in the case of a single lens, to the image plane corresponding to the optical power of the base lens), and also to multiple planes (A and A') in myopic defocus and multiple planes (B and B') in hyperopic defocus.

[0130] Some embodiments described herein provide a method for extending a TFLD on one or more image planes comprising ophthalmic lenses, the ophthalmic lenses comprising a base lens and one or more light-adjusting zones having one or more light-adjusting units (wherein light passing through the light-adjusting zones, which can be customized to provide the TFLD, is directed to one or more image planes), a larger proportion of light in myopic defocus relative to the image plane, a larger proportion of light in hyperopic defocus relative to the image plane, uniform distribution in myopic and hyperopic defocus, all light directed before the image plane, all light directed after the image plane, etc. Some embodiments provide a method in which the surface geometry of the ophthalmic lens includes a geometric fill factor of the light-adjusting units. Some embodiments described herein are directed to ophthalmic lenses having: a base lens having a base optical power to direct light to a first image plane, and one or more light-adjusting zones having one or more light-adjusting units, wherein a portion of the base optical power adjacent to (but not the bottom layer) one of the light-adjusting units interacts to direct light to an image plane not on the first image plane. In some embodiments, the image plane not on the first image plane is similar to the direction of the light guided by the light adjustment unit; in other embodiments, it is opposite to the direction of the light guided by the light adjustment unit.

[0131] In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens with an optical adjustment zone may be required, the optical adjustment zone incorporating one or more optical adjustment units to provide TFLD for light passing through the optical adjustment zone, wherein the ratio of light distributed in the myopic defocus compared to hyperopic defocus may be about <1.0, about <0.9, about <0.8, about <0.7, about <0.6, about <0.5, about <0.4, about <0.3, about <0.2, or about <0.1.

[0132] In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens with an optical adjustment zone may be required, the optical adjustment zone incorporating one or more optical adjustment units to provide TFLD for light passing through the optical adjustment zone, wherein the ratio of light distributed in the myopic defocus compared to hyperopic defocus may be about >1.0, about >1.1, about >1.2, about >1.3, about >1.4, about >1.5, about >1.6, about >1.7, about >1.8, or about >1.9.

[0133] In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens with an optical accommodation zone may be required, which incorporates one or more optical accommodation units to provide TFLD for light passing through the optical accommodation zone without substantial hyperopic astigmatism. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens with an optical accommodation zone may be required, which incorporates one or more optical accommodation units to provide TFLD for light passing through the optical accommodation zone without substantial myopic astigmatism.

[0134] In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens with an optical adjustment zone may be required, the optical adjustment zone incorporating one or more optical adjustment units to provide a TFLD for light passing through the optical adjustment zone, wherein the proportion of light directed to the image plane in myopic defocus is about 15% to about 80%, 15% to about 75%, 15% to about 70%, 15% to 60%, about 20% to 50%, about 25% to 50%, about 30% to about 50%, about 35% to about 50%, about 25% to 30%, about 30% to 40%, preferably >25%, preferably >30%, and preferably >35%.

[0135] In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens with an optical adjustment zone may be required, the optical adjustment zone incorporating one or more optical adjustment units to provide a TFLD for light passing through the optical adjustment zone, wherein the proportion of light directed to the image plane in hyperopic defocus is about 15% to about 80%, 15% to about 75%, 15% to about 70%, 15% to 60%, about 20% to 50%, about 25% to 50%, about 30% to about 50%, about 35% to about 50%, about 25% to 30%, about 30% to 40%, preferably >25%, preferably >30%, and preferably >35%.

[0136] In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens with an optical adjustment zone may be required, the optical adjustment zone incorporating one or more optical adjustment units to provide a TFLD for light passing through the optical adjustment zone, wherein the ratio difference between light directed to the myopic defocused image plane and the hyperopic defocused image plane is approximately 20% to 80%, approximately 20% to 75%, approximately 20% to 70%, approximately 20% to 65%, approximately 20% to 60%, approximately 20% to 55%, approximately 20% to 50%, approximately 20% to 45%, and approximately 20% to 40% of the total TFLD.

[0137] Figure 9 illustrates the sagittal and tangential optical power distribution of an ophthalmic lens (lens 1 in Figure 7) with a plano base lens and a clear central zone. In the peripheral zone, there are multiple accommodative units with positive optical power (+3.50D) and a geometric fill ratio of 58%. Due to the interaction between the geometric characteristics (including the geometric fill ratio) of the base lens and the accommodative units, the resulting optical power map indicates both positive and negative optical power zones on the lens. As seen from the cumulative light distribution, the defocus distribution indicates that for light passing through the peripheral zone, 23.8% of the light is in front of the image plane or in myopic astigmatism, while 34.7% is behind the image plane or in hyperopic astigmatism, and the remaining 41.5% is at the image plane. Furthermore, a peak amplitude of myopic astigmatism is observed at approximately 3.5D, and this peak amplitude is larger than that of hyperopic astigmatism. The accommodative units have a diameter of 1 mm and a spacing of 1.5 mm.

[0138] Therefore, in some embodiments, to obtain the desired TFLD, the geometric fill ratio of the total surface area of ​​the light-adjusting unit and the light-adjusting zone on the base lens of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., the ratio of the total surface area of ​​the light-adjusting unit to the total surface area of ​​the ophthalmic lens) can be about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, or about 85%. %, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, or at least 85%, or between 5 and 15%, 20 and 30%, 35 and 45%, 40 and 50%, 45 and 55%, 60 and 70%, 70 and 75%, 70 and 80%, or 75 and 85%. In some embodiments, the light accommodation zone may exist only in the central area of ​​the lens, only in the central peripheral annular area, only in the peripheral annular area, in both the central peripheral and peripheral areas, may exist throughout the entire lens surface area, may be limited only to certain quadrants (e.g., one or more of the nasal quadrant, temporal quadrant, lower quadrant, and / or upper quadrant), may be limited to certain segments, or may be limited to certain regions.

[0139] In some embodiments, to obtain a desired TFLD, the cell-to-cell spacing (i.e., the spacing between light-adjusting cells) may be greater than, equal to, less than the diameter of the light-adjusting cells, or variable in spacing. In some embodiments, the cell-to-cell spacing may include shielding, opaque areas, or other components that reduce transmission. In some embodiments, to obtain a desired TFLD, the light-adjusting cells in a particular array or configuration, cluster, stack, or aggregate may be positioned such that the cell-to-cell spacing may be constant among all cells, variable among all cells, constant for some cells, and variable for some cells.

[0140] Figure 10 illustrates an embodiment of an ophthalmic lens, wherein the geometric fill factor of the light-adjusting unit partitions such that approximately 50% of the light transmitted through the light-adjusting unit is directed to the retinal image plane, approximately 25% of the light is directed to a plane in front of the retinal image plane (myopic astigmatism), and approximately 25% of the light is directed to a plane behind the retinal image plane (hyperopic astigmatism). Considering the TFLD, a light amplitude peak is observed at image plane C, a light amplitude peak in myopic astigmatism (in front of the image plane) is observed at A, and similarly, a light amplitude peak in hyperopic astigmatism (behind the image plane) is observed at B. Furthermore, light is also directed to multiple focal planes falling within the refractive power A' range between C and A, and multiple focal planes falling within the refractive power B' range between C and B.

[0141] In some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens including the light adjustment unit has a geometric fill factor in the light adjustment zone, the geometric fill factor being designed such that the peak amplitude of the defocused light in front of the image plane at point A is substantially greater than, slightly greater than, substantially similar to, slightly less than and / or substantially less than the amplitude of the defocused light behind the image plane at point B.

[0142] In some embodiments, the distance of the peak amplitude A of light directed in front of the image plane may be substantially closer to the image plane location than the distance of the peak amplitude B of light directed behind the image plane.

[0143] In some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens including the light-adjusting unit has a geometric fill factor in the light-adjusting zone, the geometric fill factor being designed such that the resulting TFLD has a peak amplitude of light in myopic defocus A (in front of the image plane), and additionally, can direct light to a range of planes (A') between A and the image plane C, wherein the amplitude of light at one or more image planes of A' is substantially smaller or slightly smaller than the amplitude at A. Similarly, in some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens including the light-adjusting unit has a geometric fill factor in the light-adjusting zone, the geometric fill factor being designed such that the TFLD has a peak amplitude of light in hyperopic defocus B (behind the retina), and additionally, can direct light to a range of planes (B') between B and C, wherein the amplitude at one or more image planes of B' is substantially smaller or slightly smaller than the amplitude at B. In some embodiments, light is guided to provide peak amplitudes of defocus at A and B, and additionally guided to provide multiple focal plane bands of myopic defocus only at A', while there is no focal plane at B' (Figure 11). In some embodiments, the defocus amplitude in the TFLD at A' or B' may be spaced out to form multiple focal plane bands, for example, every 0.05D or greater, or every 0.125D or greater, or every 0.25D or greater at A', while only a portion of the multiple focal plane bands exist at B' (Figure 12). In some embodiments, the defocus amplitude in the TFLD at A' or B' or both may at least partially form a discontinuous defocus distribution spaced at least about 0.05D or greater, about 0.125D or greater, about 0.25D or greater, about 0.37D or greater, or about 0.50D or greater (A' in Figure 13).

[0144] In some embodiments, the TFLD can at least partially form myopic defocused light, hyperopic defocused light, or both with non-periodic and non-monotonic amplitude.

[0145] In some embodiments, the optical amplitude of any continuous defocused light band at A' or B' may be at least about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 10% to 50%, about 10% to 40%, about 10% to 30%, or about 10% to 20% of the TFLD. In some embodiments, the peak amplitude of the TFLD in front of the image plane (or in front of or within myopic defocus) may be about 50% of all light directed in front of the retinal plane, and may be substantially >50%, slightly >50%, or <50%. In some embodiments, the peak amplitude of the TFLD behind the retinal plane (or behind or within hyperopic defocus) may be about 50% of the light directed behind the retinal plane, and may be substantially >50%, slightly >50%, or <50%.

[0146] In some embodiments, the amplitude of the TFLD within 1.00D of the retinal plane (either in front of or within myopic defocus) may be approximately <10%, <20%, <30%, or <50% of the total light in front of the retinal plane. In some embodiments, the amplitude of the TFLD within 1.00D of the retinal plane (either behind or within hyperopic defocus) may be approximately <10%, <20%, <30%, or <50% of the total light behind the retinal plane. In some embodiments, when within 1.00D or 1.50D of the retinal image plane, the amplitude of the TFLD may be such that the amplitudes at points B and B' are approximately zero, while when within 1.00D or 1.50D of the retinal image plane, the amplitudes at points A and A' may be greater than zero. In some embodiments, when within 1.00D or 1.50D of the retinal image plane, the amplitude of the TFLD can make the amplitude at A and A' approximately zero, while when within 1.00D or 1.50D of the retinal image plane, the amplitude at B and B' can be greater than zero.

[0147] In some embodiments, the amplitude of the TFLD at a focal point can be modified by the arrangement of light adjustment units on the base lens. In some embodiments, two or more light adjustment units can be configured in a correlated manner to modify the amplitude of the TFLD at a given focal point or focal plane. For example, in FIG14a, two light adjustment units are configured in a correlated manner such that they share a common focal point and thus provide a certain focal amplitude. The sum of the light intensities at the common focal points (focal points 1 and 2) is greater than the light intensity at focal point 1 alone or focal point 2 alone. When one of the light adjustment units is modified or covered (FIG14b), the amplitude or light intensity at the common focal point is reduced. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens incorporating a light adjustment unit for myopia control can provide a TFLD with light directed to the image plane in both myopia and hyperopia defocus, wherein the geometric fill factor does not contain refractive elements with negative power. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens incorporated with a light-adjusting unit for myopia control may provide a TFLD with light directed to the image plane in both myopia and hyperopia defocus, wherein the geometric fill factor does not contain refractive units of positive optical power. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens incorporated with a light-adjusting unit for myopia control may provide a TFLD with light directed to the image plane in both myopia and hyperopia defocus, wherein the geometric fill factor substantially does not contain light-adjusting units of positive or negative optical power, or contains only refractive light-adjusting units of positive optical power, only refractive light-adjusting units of negative optical power, or refractive light-adjusting units of both positive and negative optical power, or substantially contains only light-adjusting units of zero optical power, or contains only diffraction units, or light-adjusting units with phase-shifting masks. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens incorporating a light accommodation unit for myopia control may provide a TFLD with light directed to the image plane only in substantially myopic defocus, only in substantially hyperopic defocus, or in both myopic and hyperopic defocus, wherein the geometric fill factor contains a light accommodation unit with zero refractive power. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens incorporating a light accommodation unit for myopia control may provide a TFLD where the image contrast at the retinal plane is reduced by about 10% or more, about 20% or more, or about 30% or more. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens incorporating a light accommodation unit for myopia control may provide a TFLD where, when viewed through a lens that partially includes the light accommodation unit, the light accommodation unit may cause diffuse blur (the difference between low contrast VA and high contrast VA). In some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens incorporated into the light accommodation unit for myopia control may provide a TFLD, wherein the diffuse blur of the lens may be about 0.07 logMAR or greater, about 0.10 logMAR or greater, about 0.15 logMAR or greater, about 0.20 logMAR or greater, or about 0.25 logMAR or greater.

[0148] Although examples and descriptions are generally limited to ophthalmic lenses used for myopia control, manipulation of optical defocus can be readily applied to generate any other vision correction or vision aiding applications desired by TFPD or to improve vision and vision quality, typically including presbyopia, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, visual fatigue, night vision and the like. [Example ophthalmic lenses] [ ]

[0149] Figure 15 is a chart detailing the distribution of exemplary refractive light adjustment units, the optical power of the light adjustment units, the percentage distribution of the light adjustment units, the area of ​​the partitions dedicated to the light adjustment units, and the total fill ratio of the light adjustment units as described in Figures 16 to 30 (Examples 1 to 13).

[0150] Figure 16 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 16 provides a power diagram of the central and intermediate peripheral sections of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base or carrier lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is an intermediate peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The intermediate peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the intermediate peripheral optical section 2d (light-adjusting unit section) are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape and have a diameter of about 0.8 mm. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of +1.50D (which, when combined with a base lens, results in an optical power of -0.50D). Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of -0.50D (which, when combined with a base lens, results in an optical power of -2.50D). Light passing through the +1.50D light-adjusting unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base lens, and light passing through the -0.50D light-adjusting unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base lens (and the +2.50D light-adjusting unit). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 16 directs light to at least three different image planes. As further explained, the subsets of light-adjusting units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. The distribution of the first subset and the second subset of light-adjusting units is approximately 50 / 50. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zones may be uniform or may be distributed with light adjustment units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0151] Figure 17 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 17 provides a power diagram of the central and intermediate peripheral sections of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base or carrier lens and a plurality of optical accommodation units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is an intermediate peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The intermediate peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the intermediate peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of optical accommodation units (optical accommodation unit sections). As illustrated, the optical accommodation units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of approximately +2.00D (0.00D when combined with a base lens). This first subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of -0.50D (-2.50D when combined with a base lens). This second subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 1.2 mm. Light passing through the +2.00D light-adjusting unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base lens, and light passing through the -0.50D light-adjusting unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base lens (and the +2.00D light-adjusting unit). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 17 directs light to at least three different image planes. As further explained, subsets of the light adjustment units are positioned in a substantially repetitive square configuration. The distribution of the first subset and the second subset of the light adjustment units is approximately 50 / 50. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with light adjustment units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0152] Figure 18 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 18 provides a power diagram of the central and peripheral sections of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base or carrier lens and a plurality of optical accommodation units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a -2.00D distance refraction error in myopia. Distributed throughout the central optical section 2c are a plurality of optical accommodation units (optical accommodation unit sections). As illustrated, the optical accommodation units are circular in shape. Optically, the plurality of optical accommodation units in the central optical section have a power of +1.50D (which is -0.50D when combined with a base lens). A plurality of optical adjustment units have a diameter of approximately 0.2 mm. Surrounding the central section is a central peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of approximately 20 mm. The central peripheral optical section also has a base optical power of approximately -2.00D. Distributed throughout the central peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of optical adjustment units (optical adjustment unit sections). As explained, the optical adjustment units are circular in shape. Optically, the first subset of the plurality of optical adjustment units in the central peripheral optical section has an optical power of approximately +2.00D (0.00D when combined with the base lens). The first subset of the plurality of optical adjustment units in the central peripheral section has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Optically, the second subset of the plurality of optical adjustment units in the central peripheral optical section has an optical power of approximately -0.50D (-2.50D when combined with the base lens) and a diameter of approximately 1.2 mm. Compared to light passing through the -2.00D base optical power, light passing through the +2.00D optical adjustment unit in the intermediate peripheral zone and the +1.50D optical adjustment unit in the central zone is more forward-focused. Compared to light directed through the base optical power and light directed through the +2.00D and +1.50D optical adjustment units, light passing through the -0.50D optical adjustment unit in the intermediate peripheral zone is more backward-focused. Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 18 directs light to at least four different image planes. As further explained, subsets of the optical adjustment units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. In the intermediate peripheral optical zone 2d, the number of the first subset and the second subset of the optical adjustment units is distributed approximately 50 / 50. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the intermediate peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with optical adjustment units in a substantially the same (or different) manner as described herein.

[0153] Figure 19 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 19 provides a power diagram of the central and intermediate peripheral sections of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base or carrier lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00 D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00 D in myopia. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the central optical section has a power of about +1.50 D (or -0.50 D when combined with a base lens) and a diameter of about 0.2 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the central optical zone has an optical power of approximately -0.50D (-2.50D when combined with the base lens) and a diameter of approximately 0.2 mm. Surrounding the central zone is a peripheral optical zone 2d with a diameter of approximately 20 mm. The peripheral optical zone also has a base optical power of approximately -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical zone 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As explained, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the peripheral optical zone has an optical power of approximately +1.50D (-0.50D when combined with the base lens) and a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Optically, the second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the intermediate peripheral optical zone has an optical power of approximately -0.50D (-2.50D when combined with the base lens) and a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Light passing through the +1.50D light-adjusting unit in both the center and intermediate peripheral zones is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base optical power and the -0.50D light-adjusting unit. Similarly, light passing through the -0.50D light-adjusting unit in both the center and intermediate peripheral optical zones is more backward-focused than light directed through the base optical power and the +1.50D light-adjusting unit. Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 19 directs light to at least three different image planes. As further explained, the subset of light-adjusting units is positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. In the central optical zone and the intermediate peripheral optical zone, the distribution of the first subset and the second subset of light-adjusting units is approximately 50 / 50. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the intermediate peripheral zone may be uniform or may have light-adjusting units distributed in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0154] Figure 20(a) shows the power graph of a -2.00 D myopia lens with a positive light adjustment unit (the light adjustment unit's power is +0.50D; combined with the base lens, the lens power is -1.50D). Figure 20(b) shows the geometric blur circle simulating the optical performance at a wavelength of 555 nm when a -2.00 D myopia is corrected with a spectacle lens with the power graph shown in Figure 20(a). In Figure 20(b), good light focusing is visible, meaning the geometric blur circle is equivalent to the Airy disk, indicating good visual performance. If the retinal plane of the same eye is now moved forward by 0.2 mm, corresponding to a refractive error change of 0.50D, the geometric blur circle increases; however, the light passing through the positive light adjustment unit is now focused—as seen in Figure 20(c).

[0155] Figure 21(a) shows the power curve of a -2.00 D myopia lens with a negative light adjustment unit (power curve of -0.50D). Figure 21(b) shows the geometric blur circle simulating the optical performance at a wavelength of 555 nm when a -2.00 D myopia is corrected with a spectacle lens with the power curve shown in Figure 21(a). In Figure 21(b), good light focusing is visible, i.e., the geometric blur circle is equivalent to the Airy disk, which again indicates good visual performance. If the retinal plane of the same eye is now moved backward by 0.2 mm, corresponding to a refractive error change of 0.50D, the geometric blur circle increases; however, the light passing through the negative light adjustment unit is now focused—as can be seen in Figure 21(c).

[0156] Figure 22 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 22 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, the plurality of light-adjusting units have an optical power of approximately -0.50D (-2.50D when combined with the base lens). Each light-adjusting unit has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Light passing through the -0.50D light-adjusting units is more backward focused than light directed through the base lens. Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 22 focuses light onto at least two different image planes. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with light-adjusting units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0157] Figure 23 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 23 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, the plurality of light-adjusting units have an optical power of -3.50D (-5.50D when combined with the base lens). Each light-adjusting unit has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Light passing through the -3.50D light-adjusting units is more backward focused than light directed through the base lens. Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 23 focuses light onto at least two different image planes. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with light-adjusting units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0158] Figure 24 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 24 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of approximately +2.00D (0.00D when combined with a base lens). This first subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of approximately -0.50D (-2.50D when combined with a base lens). This second subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Light passing through the +2.00D light-adjusting unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base lens, and light passing through the -0.50D light-adjusting unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base lens (and the +2.00D light-adjusting unit). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 24 focuses light onto at least three different image planes. As further explained, the light-adjusting units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. The distribution of the number of the first subset and the second subset of the light adjustment units is approximately 90 / 10. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with light adjustment units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0159] Figure 25 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 25 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of approximately +3.50D (+1.50D when combined with a base lens). This first subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 1.1 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of approximately -0.50D (-2.50D when combined with a base lens). This second subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.5 mm. Light passing through the +3.50D light-adjusting unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base lens, and light passing through the -0.50D light-adjusting unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base lens (and the +3.50D light-adjusting unit). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 25 focuses light onto at least three different image planes. As further explained, the subsets of light-adjusting units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. The distribution of the number of the first subset and the second subset of the light adjustment units is approximately 90 / 10. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with light adjustment units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0160] Figure 26 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 26 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the intermediate peripheral optical zone has an optical power of approximately +2.00D (0.00D when combined with the base lens). This first subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the intermediate peripheral optical zone has an optical power of approximately -0.50D (-2.50D when combined with the base lens). This second subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Surrounding the intermediate peripheral optical zone 2d is a peripheral optical zone 2e with a diameter of approximately 50 mm. The peripheral optical zone also has a base optical power of approximately -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical zone 2e are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As explained, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of approximately +3.50D (+1.50D when combined with a base lens). The first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 3 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of approximately -1.00D, producing a relatively more negative optical power than the base optical power of approximately -1.00D (-3.00D when combined with a base lens). The second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 2 mm. Light rays passing through the +2.00D and +3.50D light-adjusting units are more forward-focused than light rays passing through the -2.00D base optical power, and light rays passing through the -0.50D and -1.00D light-adjusting units are more backward-focused than light rays directed through the base optical power (and the +2.00D and +3.50D light-adjusting units). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 26 focuses light onto at least five different image planes. To further explain, subsets of the light adjustment units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. In the central and peripheral optical zones, the distribution of the number of the first subset and the second subset of the light adjustment units is approximately 90 / 10.

[0161] Figure 27 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 27 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of approximately +2.00D (0.00D when combined with the base lens). This first subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of approximately -2.00D (-4.00D when combined with the base lens). This second subset of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.2 mm. Light passing through the +2.00D light-adjusting unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base lens, and light passing through the -2.00D light-adjusting unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base lens (and the +2.00D light-adjusting unit). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 27 focuses light onto at least three different image planes. As further explained, all subsets of the light-adjusting units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. The distribution of the number of the first subset and the second subset of the light adjustment units is approximately 90 / 10. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with light adjustment units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0162] Figure 28 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 28 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a positive optical power of approximately +2.00D (the optical power combined with the base optical power is flat). This first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.2 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a relatively more negative optical power of approximately -2.00D (combined with the base lens, the optical power is -4.00D). This second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.2 mm. Light passing through the +2.00D light-adjusting unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base optical power, and light passing through the -2.00D light-adjusting unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base optical power (and the +2.00D light-adjusting unit). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 28 focuses light onto at least three different image planes. As further explained, all subsets of the light-adjusting units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. The distribution of the number of the first subset and the second subset of the light adjustment units is approximately 50 / 50. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with light adjustment units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0163] Figure 29 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 29 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a positive optical power of approximately +2.00D (when combined with the base lens, the optical power is flat). Some of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the first subset have a diameter of approximately 0.2 mm, and some of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the first subset have a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a relatively more negative optical power of approximately -2.00D than the optical power of the base lens (when combined with the base lens, the optical power is -4.00D). Some of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the second subset have a diameter of approximately 0.2 mm, and some of the plurality of light-adjusting units in the second subset have a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Light passing through the +2.00D optical adjustment unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base lens, and light passing through the -2.00D optical adjustment unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base lens (and the +2.00D optical adjustment unit). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 29 focuses light onto at least three distinct image planes. To further illustrate, all subsets of the optical adjustment units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. The distribution of the first subset and the second subset of optical adjustment units is approximately 50 / 50. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with optical adjustment units in a substantially the same (or different) manner as described herein.

[0164] Figure 30 is an exemplary optical power diagram of an ophthalmic lens for myopia, comprising both concave and convex optical adjustment units, according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 30 provides an optical power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of optical adjustment units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of approximately 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) optical power of approximately -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of approximately 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base optical power of approximately -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of optical adjustment units. As illustrated, the optical adjustment units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a positive optical power of approximately +3.50D (combined with the base lens, the optical power is +1.50D). This first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a negative optical power of approximately -3.50D (combined with the base lens, the optical power is -5.50D). This second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Light passing through the +3.50D light-adjusting unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base lens optical power, and light passing through the -3.50D light-adjusting unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base lens optical power (and the +3.50D light-adjusting unit). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 30 focuses light onto at least three different image planes. As further explained, all subsets of the light-adjusting units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. The distribution of the number of the first subset and the second subset of the light adjustment units is approximately 10 / 90. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with light adjustment units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0165] Figure 31 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia with multifocal light-adjusting units according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 31 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of multifocal light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for the distance refraction error of -2.00D myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of multifocal light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. The multifocal light adjustment unit has variable optical power, wherein a portion of the multifocal light adjustment unit has a negative optical power of approximately -0.50D (combined with the base lens, the optical power is -2.50D) and a portion of the multifocal light adjustment unit has a positive optical power of approximately +2.00D (combined with the base lens, the optical power is 0.00D). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in FIG31 focuses light onto at least three different image planes. As further explained, the light adjustment units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. In some embodiments, the multifocal light adjustment units may be oriented in the same manner (as shown in FIG31), and in some embodiments, the multifocal light adjustment units may be oriented in different directions (see, for example, FIG32), and in some embodiments, in addition to the multifocal light adjustment units, light adjustment units with positive and / or negative optical powers may also be present (see, for example, FIG33). In some embodiments, the multifocal light adjustment unit on one portion of the lens may be a mirror image of the multifocal light adjustment unit on an opposite portion of the lens. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zones may be uniform or may be distributed with light adjustment units in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0166] Figure 34 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 34 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section also has a base power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of optical adjustment units in the lower half of the central peripheral section on the anterior surface of the ophthalmic lens has a positive optical power of approximately +3.50D (combined with the base lens, the optical power is +1.50D). This first subset of the plurality of optical adjustment units has a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Optically, a second subset of the plurality of optical adjustment units in the upper half of the central peripheral section on the back surface of the ophthalmic lens has a positive optical power of approximately +2.00D (combined with the base lens, the optical power is plano D) and a negative optical adjustment unit of approximately -0.50D (combined with the base lens, the optical power is -2.50D). The diameter of the second subset of the plurality of optical adjustment units varies, being approximately 0.8 mm for the positive and plano adjustment units and 0.5 mm for the negative optical adjustment units. Light passing through the +3.50D optical adjustment unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the +2.00D optical adjustment unit and the -2.00D base lens power, and light passing through the -0.50D optical adjustment unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base lens power (and the +3.50D and +2.00D optical adjustment units). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 34 focuses light onto at least four different image planes. To further illustrate, all subsets of the optical adjustment units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. The distribution of the first subset and the second subset of optical adjustment units is approximately 50 / 50. The power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zone may be uniform or may be distributed with optical adjustment units in a substantially the same (or different) manner as described herein.

[0167] Figure 35 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having both concave and convex light-adjusting units on the anterior surface of the lens according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated in Figure 35, the light-adjusting units are positioned on the surface of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., peripheral optical zone 2e). The central optical (e.g., pupil) zone 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of approximately 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) optical power of approximately -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central zone is a central peripheral optical zone 2d with a diameter of approximately 20 mm. The central peripheral optical zone also has a base optical power of approximately -2.00D. A plurality of light-adjusting units are distributed throughout the central peripheral optical zone 2d. In some embodiments, the concave light-adjusting unit 3b may have a relatively more negative optical power than the base lens power of the lens 3a. In some embodiments, the light adjustment unit may be a multifocal light adjustment unit 3c, wherein one portion of the light adjustment unit is relatively more positive than the optical power of the base lens and another portion of the light adjustment unit is relatively more negative than the optical power of the base lens. In some embodiments, the convex light adjustment unit 3d may have an optical power that is relatively more positive than the optical power of the base lens of the lens 3a.

[0168] Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having concave, multifocal, and convex light-adjusting units embedded in the lens matrix of an ophthalmic lens according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated in Figure 36, the light-adjusting units are embedded in the lens matrix of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., peripheral optical zone 2e). The central optical (e.g., pupil) zone 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) optical power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central zone is a central peripheral optical zone 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The central peripheral optical zone also has a base optical power of about -2.00D. Distributed throughout the central peripheral optical zone 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. In some embodiments, the light-adjusting units may be positioned between the ophthalmic lens 4a and the offset layer 4e. In some embodiments, the light-adjusting units may be positioned between the ophthalmic lens and a coating. In some embodiments, the coating may be an anti-scratch coating, an anti-reflective coating, or a light wavelength absorbing coating. In some embodiments, the concave light-adjusting unit 4b may have a more negative optical power than the base optical power of the lens 4a. In some embodiments, the light-adjusting unit may have a variable (multifocal) optical power 4c, wherein one portion of the light-adjusting unit is more positive than the base lens optical power and another portion of the light-adjusting unit is more negative than the base lens optical power. In some embodiments, the convex light-adjusting unit 4d may have a more positive optical power than the base optical power of the lens 4a.

[0169] Figure 37 is an enlarged schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having both concave and convex light-adjusting units on the anterior surface of the lens according to some embodiments described herein, illustrating that light directed through the lens is focused on multiple planes at the retina. As illustrated in Figure 37, the light-adjusting units are positioned on the surface of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., a spectacle lens), but may also be embedded within the lens. In some embodiments, light may pass through one or more (or all) of a portion 6a of the ophthalmic lens having a base power, a portion 6c of the ophthalmic lens having a concave light-adjusting unit, and a portion 6b of the ophthalmic lens having a convex light-adjusting unit. As illustrated, in some embodiments, light passing through different portions 6a, 6b, and 6c of the ophthalmic lens may be focused onto corresponding image planes 7a, 7b, and 7c. The base power portion 6a of the ophthalmic lens may focus light onto image plane 7a. As explained, in some embodiments, the image plane 7b in front of the image plane 7a may correspond to light passing through the convex (optical power more positive than the basic optical power) light adjustment unit of the eyepiece. As explained, in some embodiments, the image plane 7c behind the image plane 7a may correspond to light passing through the concave (optical power more negative than the basic optical power) light adjustment unit of the eyepiece.

[0170] Figure 38 is an enlarged schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having both concave and convex light-adjusting units on the anterior surface of an ophthalmic lens (i.e., contact lens 8) according to some embodiments described herein, illustrating that light directed through the contact lens is focused on multiple planes of the retina. As illustrated in Figure 38, the light-adjusting units are positioned on the surface of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., contact lens), but may also be embedded within the contact lens. In some embodiments, light may pass through one or more (or all) of a portion 8a of the ophthalmic lens having a base power, a portion 8c of the ophthalmic lens having a concave light-adjusting unit, and a portion 8b of the ophthalmic lens having a convex light-adjusting unit. As illustrated, in some embodiments, light passing through different portions 8a, 8b, and 8c of the ophthalmic lens may be focused onto corresponding image planes 7a, 7b, and 7c. The base power portion 8a of the ophthalmic lens may focus light onto image plane 7a. As explained, in some embodiments, the image plane 7b in front of the image plane 7a may correspond to light passing through the convex (optical power more positive than the base optical power) light adjustment unit of the contact lens. As explained, in some embodiments, the image plane 7c behind the image plane 7a may correspond to light passing through the concave (optical power more negative than the base optical power) light adjustment unit of the contact lens.

[0171] Figure 39 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 39 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for a distance refraction error of -2.00D in myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section has a base power of about -1.00D. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, the plurality of light-adjusting units have a positive optical power of approximately +1.00D (combined with the peripheral zones of the base lens, the optical power is flat D). The plurality of light-adjusting units have a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Light passing through the +1.00D light-adjusting units is more focused forward than light passing through the -1.00D intermediate peripheral zone and the -2.00D base lens. Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 39 focuses light onto at least three different image planes. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the intermediate peripheral zone can be uniform and similar to that of the intermediate peripheral zone, and the light-adjusting units can be distributed in a manner substantially the same (or different) as described herein.

[0172] Figure 40 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 40 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for the distance refraction error of -2.00D myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section has a base power of about -2.00D, similar to that of the central section. Distributed throughout the peripheral optical section 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, the plurality of light-adjusting units have a positive power of approximately +3.50D (combined with the base lens, the power is +1.50D). The plurality of light-adjusting units have a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm. Light passing through the +3.50D light-adjusting unit is focused further forward than light passing through the -2.00D base lens. The plurality of light-adjusting units are surrounded or enclosed by zones (enclosing zones) whose power differs from the base lens power or the power of the light-adjusting unit. In Figure 40, the enclosing zone is circular in shape and has a power of +2.00D (combined with the base lens, the power is flat). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 30 focuses light onto at least three different image planes. The power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the central peripheral zones can be uniform and similar to that of the central peripheral zones, and the light-adjusting units can be distributed in a substantially the same (or different) manner as described herein.

[0173] Figure 41 is a power diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 41 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for the distance refraction error of -2.00D myopia. Surrounding the central section is a peripheral optical section 2d with a diameter of about 20 mm. The peripheral optical section has a base power of about -2.00D, similar to that of the central section. Distributed throughout the central and peripheral optical sections 2d are a plurality of light-adjusting units. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, a first subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of +1.50D (which, when combined with the base lens, results in an optical power of -0.50D). Optically, a second subset of the plurality of light-adjusting units has an optical power of -0.50D (which, when combined with the base lens, results in an optical power of -2.50D). Light passing through the +1.50D light-adjusting unit is more forward-focused than light passing through the -2.00D base lens, and light passing through the -0.50D light-adjusting unit is more backward-focused than light directed through the base lens (and the +1.50D light-adjusting unit). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 41 focuses light onto at least three different image planes. As further explained, the subsets of light-adjusting units are positioned in a substantially repeating square configuration. The distribution of the first subset and the second subset of light-adjusting units is approximately 50 / 50. Furthermore, the intermediate peripheral optical zone includes a ring with an optical power of approximately +2.00D (combined with the base optical power: flat). Therefore, some of the light-adjusting units can be surrounded, overlapped, or combined to one side by concentric zones. The optical power of the peripheral optical zones beyond the intermediate peripheral zone can be uniform and similar to that of the intermediate peripheral zone, and the light-adjusting units can be distributed in a substantially the same (or different) manner as described herein.

[0174] Figure 42 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having a base lens and an optical adjustment unit incorporated therein, according to some embodiments described herein, and an eye corrected by the ophthalmic lens. In some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens and / or methods described herein may utilize an optical adjustment unit, thereby allowing selection of one or more of the focal length or power of the optical adjustment unit to place its corresponding focal plane close to, around, or near the entrance pupil of the eye to deliver reduced contrast. In Figure 42, a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens 321 having a base lens 322 and an optical adjustment unit 323 incorporated therein, and an eye 320 corrected by the ophthalmic lens, according to some embodiments described herein, is shown. Figure 42 shows light ray 324 incident on and refracted by an optical adjustment unit 325. The focal length of the optical adjustment unit 325 is selected to place its focal plane 326 close to the entrance pupil 327 of the eye 320. The entrance pupil of the eye is the pupil of the eye (formed by the aperture opening of the iris), as seen by an observer. That is, due to the optical components of the eye in front of the iris / pupil (e.g., the cornea), it is the visible pupil as seen by an observer.

[0175] Figure 43 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having a base lens and a light-adjusting unit according to some embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens and / or methods described herein may utilize a light-adjusting unit, wherein a unit of substantially positive, negative, or zero optical power may have a non-monotonic optical power distribution that varies constantly across the light-adjusting unit. In some embodiments, the maximum value of the optical power distribution may be more negative than the base optical power in terms of refractive power (Figure 43(a)), or the minimum value of the optical power distribution may be more positive than the base optical power (Figure 43(b)), or the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​may be approximately the same as the base optical power (Figure 43(c)). In some embodiments, the continuously varying optical power distribution may vary periodically or non-periodically. The continuously varying optical power distribution may be formed by a series of varying curvatures or by incorporating a combination of one or more higher-order aberrations.

[0176] Figure 44 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens having a base lens and a light-adjusting unit according to some embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the ophthalmic lens and / or methods described herein may utilize a light-adjusting unit, which, in addition to directing light to one or more planes, may also diffuse light. The light-adjusting unit may be refractive and formed by one or more higher-order aberrations, or may be formed by light-scattering characteristics, or a combination of both.

[0177] Figure 45 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary ophthalmic lens for myopia according to some embodiments described herein. As illustrated, Figure 45 provides a power diagram of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., spectacle lens) of Figure 2, which includes a base lens and a plurality of light-adjusting units incorporated in or on the base lens. The central optical (e.g., pupil) section 2c of the ophthalmic lens has a diameter of about 5.0 mm and a uniform (or substantially uniform) power of about -2.00D to correct for the distance refraction error of -2.00D myopia. The intermediate peripheral optical section 2d of the ophthalmic lens incorporates two rings with a power of about +1.00D (combined with the base power: -1.0D). A plurality of light-adjusting units are distributed throughout the rings. As illustrated, the light-adjusting units are circular in shape. Optically, the plurality of light-adjusting units have an optical power of +3.50D (when combined with the base lens, the resulting optical power is +2.50D). Therefore, the lens design illustrated in Figure 45 focuses light onto at least three different image planes.

[0178] Other advantages of the claimed subject matter will become apparent from the following examples describing some embodiments of the claimed subject matter. In some embodiments, one or more of the following other embodiments (including, for example, all of them) may comprise each of the other embodiments or portions thereof. [Example:] [, , ]

[0179] A1. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens; and a plurality of multifocal light adjustment units.

[0180] A2. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens configured to direct light to a first image plane; and a plurality of multifocal light adjustment units, wherein one or more of the plurality of multifocal light adjustment units refract light to at least two image planes different from the first image plane.

[0181] A3. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens configured to direct light to first and second image planes; and a plurality of multifocal light adjustment units, wherein one or more of the plurality of multifocal light adjustment units refract light to at least two image planes different from the first and second image planes.

[0182] A4. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens configured to direct light to a first image plane; a plurality of positive optical power light adjustment units having optical power varying in the range of 0.5D to 5D to refract light to one or more image planes located in front of the first image plane; and a plurality of negative optical power light adjustment units having optical power varying in the range of -0.5D to -5D to refract light to one or more image planes located behind the first image plane.

[0183] A5. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens configured to direct light to a first image plane; and a plurality of light adjustment units, wherein one or more of the plurality of light adjustment units refract light to one or more image planes different from the first image plane.

[0184] A6. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein one or more of the plurality of light adjustment units refract light to a second image plane different from the first image plane and / or one or more of the plurality of light adjustment units refract light to a third image plane different from the first and second image planes.

[0185] A7. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein a plurality of light adjustment units are configured to refract light to at least two (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6) image planes other than the first image plane.

[0186] A8. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein at least one of a plurality of light adjustment units is configured to refract light to at least two (e.g., 2, 3 or 4) image planes different from the first image plane.

[0187] A9. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A6 to A8, wherein at least one of the second image plane and the third image plane is located in front of the first image plane.

[0188] A10. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A6 to A9, wherein at least one of the second image plane and the third image plane is located behind the first image plane.

[0189] A11. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a diameter ranging from about 20 micrometers to about 3 mm.

[0190] A12. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a power relative to the optical power of the base surface (e.g., the surface shape is convex).

[0191] A13. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of light-adjusting units has a relatively negative (e.g., concave surface shape) optical power compared to the surrounding surface area.

[0192] A14. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein a plurality of light-adjusting units are located in any combination of one or more of the central optical portion, the intermediate peripheral optical portion, and the peripheral optical portion.

[0193] A15. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A, wherein the fill ratio of the light-adjusting unit to the total surface area of ​​the ophthalmic lens (e.g., the ratio of the total surface area of ​​the light-adjusting unit to the total surface area of ​​the ophthalmic lens) is about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, or 85% (e.g., at least 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, or 85% or between 5 and 15%, 20 and 30%, 35 and 45%, 40 and 50%, 45 and 55%, 60 and 70%, 70 and 75%, 70 and 80%, or 75 and 85%).

[0194] A16. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A, wherein the fill ratio of the light-adjusting unit to the surface area corresponding to any one of the central optical zone, intermediate peripheral optical zone, or peripheral optical zone (e.g., the ratio of the total surface area of ​​the light-adjusting unit to the total surface area of ​​the relevant zone) is about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, or 85% (e.g., at least 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, or 85% or between 5 and 15%, 20 and 30%, 35 and 45%, 40 and 50%, 45 and 55%, 60 and 70%, 70 and 75%, 70 and 80%, or 75 and 85%).

[0195] A17. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A, wherein the diameter of a plurality of light-adjusting units is between approximately 20 micrometers and approximately 3 mm (e.g., between approximately 20 and 100 micrometers, 100 and 200 micrometers, 200 and 300 micrometers, 300 and 400 micrometers, 400 and 500 micrometers, 500 and 600 micrometers, 600 and 700 micrometers, 700 and 800 micrometers, 800 and 900 micrometers, 900 micrometers to 1 mm, 1 to 1.1 mm, 1.1 to 1.2 mm, 1.2 to 1.3 mm, 1.3 to 1.4 mm, 1.4 to 1.5 mm, 1.5 to 1.6 mm, 1.6 to 1.7 mm, 1.7 to 1.8 mm, 1.8 to 1.9 mm, 1.9 to 2 mm, 2 to 2.1 mm, 2.1 to 2.2 mm, 2.2 to 2.3 mm, 2.3 to 2.4 mm). The thickness varies between 2.4 to 2.5 mm, 2.5 to 2.6 mm, 2.6 to 2.7 mm, 2.7 to 2.8 mm, 2.8 to 2.9 mm, and 2.9 to 3 mm.

[0196] A18. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A, wherein the diameter of one or more light-adjusting units in the central optical zone is between approximately 20 micrometers and approximately 1000 micrometers (e.g., between approximately 20 and 60 micrometers, 40 and 80 micrometers, 60 and 100 micrometers, 80 and 120 micrometers, 100 and 140 micrometers, 120 and 160 micrometers, 140 and 180 micrometers, 160 and 200 micrometers, 180 and 220 micrometers, 200 and 240 micrometers, 220 and 260 micrometers, 240 and 240 micrometers respectively). Between 280 micrometers, 260 to 300 micrometers, 280 to 320 micrometers, 300 to 340 micrometers, 320 to 360 micrometers, 340 to 380 micrometers, 360 to 400 micrometers, 20 to 100 micrometers, 100 to 200 micrometers, 200 to 300 micrometers, 300 to 400 micrometers, 400 to 500 micrometers, 500 to 600 micrometers, 600 to 700 micrometers, 700 to 800 micrometers, 800 to 900 micrometers, and 900 to 1000 micrometers).

[0197] A19. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A, wherein the diameter of one or more light-adjusting units in the intermediate peripheral optical zone is between about 20 micrometers and about 2 mm (e.g., in the ranges of about 20 to 100 micrometers, 100 to 200 micrometers, 200 to 300 micrometers, 300 to 400 micrometers, 400 to 500 micrometers, 500 to 600 micrometers, 600 to 700 micrometers, 700 to 800 micrometers, 800 to 900 micrometers, 900 micrometers to 1 mm, 1 to 1.1 mm, 1.1 to 1.2 mm, 1.2 to 1.3 mm, 1.3 to 1.4 mm, 1.4 to 1.5 mm, 1.5 to 1.6 mm, 1.6 to 1.7 mm, 1.7 to 1.8 mm, 1.8 to 1.9 mm, 1.9 to 2 mm, 1 to 1.5 mm, 1.5 to 2 mm, 500 micrometers to 1 mm). (mm, between 100 and 500 micrometers).

[0198] A20. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A, wherein the diameter of one or more light-adjusting units in the peripheral optical zone is between about 20 micrometers and about 3 mm (e.g., between about 20 and 100 micrometers, 100 and 200 micrometers, 200 and 300 micrometers, 300 and 400 micrometers, 400 and 500 micrometers, 500 and 600 micrometers, 600 and 700 micrometers, 700 and 800 micrometers, 800 and 900 micrometers, 900 micrometers to 1 mm, 1 to 1.1 mm, 1.1 to 1.2 mm, 1.2 to 1.3 mm, 1.3 to 1.4 mm, 1.4 to 1.5 mm, 1.5 to 1.6 mm, 1.6 to 1.7 mm, 1.7 to 1.8 mm, 1.8 to 1.9 mm, 1.9 to 2 mm, 2 to 2.1 mm, 2.1 to 2.2 mm, 2.2 to 2.3 mm). 2.3 to 2.4 mm, 2.4 to 2.5 mm, 2.5 to 2.6 mm, 2.6 to 2.7 mm, 2.7 to 2.8 mm, 2.8 to 2.9 mm, and between 2.9 and 3 mm.

[0199] A21. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein the diameters of a plurality of light-adjusting units in a particular optical zone may vary within the range described above (e.g., one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a first diameter and one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a second diameter).

[0200] A22. An ophthalmic lens as in any of the examples in A, wherein a plurality of light-adjusting units are separated from each other (or adjacent to each other).

[0201] A23. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units (e.g., one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units and / or one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units) are positioned on the ophthalmic lens in a square, hexagonal or any other suitable configuration (e.g., a repeating pattern corresponding to a square, hexagonal or any other suitable configuration).

[0202] A24. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples A, wherein the optical power of a plurality of optical adjustment units varies between approximately -3D and +5D (e.g., approximately -3D, -2.5D, -2D, -1.5D, -1D, -0.5D, +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D, +3.5D, +4D, +4.5D, +5D) in any combination of one or more of the central optical zone, the intermediate peripheral optical zone, and the peripheral optical zone.

[0203] A25. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein the distribution of the number of negative and positive optical adjustment units on the ophthalmic lens (e.g., the ratio of the number of positive to negative optical adjustment units) varies between approximately 95 / 5; 90 / 10; 85 / 15; 80 / 20; 75 / 25; 70 / 30; 65 / 35; 60 / 40; 55 / 45; 50 / 50; 45 / 55; 40 / 60; 35 / 65; 30 / 70; 25 / 75; 20 / 80; 15 / 85; 10 / 90; 5 / 95; or 0 / 100.

[0204] A26. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a shape corresponding to at least one of a circle, an ellipse, a semicircle, a hexagon, a square or other suitable shape.

[0205] A27. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein the ophthalmic lens comprises a central optical zone that is substantially circular in shape, an intermediate peripheral optical zone that is substantially annular in shape and located around the central optical zone, and / or a peripheral optical zone that is substantially annular in shape and located around the intermediate peripheral optical zone.

[0206] A28. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein a plurality of light-adjusting units are located in a central peripheral optical zone, and wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a first diameter and a first optical power, and one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a second diameter and a second optical power.

[0207] A29. As in Example A28, the first optical power is relatively positive compared to the optical power of the base lens, and the second optical power is relatively negative compared to the optical power of the base lens.

[0208] A30. As in Example A28, the first optical power is relatively positive compared to the optical power of the base lens, and the second optical power is relatively more positive compared to both the first and base lens powers.

[0209] A31. As in Example A28, the first optical power is relatively negative compared to the optical power of the base lens, and the second optical power is relatively more negative compared to both the first and base lens powers.

[0210] A32. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in A, wherein the ophthalmic lens is configured to correct, slow down, reduce and / or control the progression of myopia.

[0211] A33. As in any of the ophthalmic lenses in example A, wherein the ophthalmic lens is a spectacle lens.

[0212] B1. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens having a corresponding first image plane; and one or more light adjustment zones having one or more light adjustment units; wherein light passing through the light adjustment zones generates a defocused light distribution passing through the first image plane and different from one or more image planes.

[0213] B2. An ophthalmic lens as in example B1, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units are inherently refractive.

[0214] B3. As in examples B1 to B2, one or more refractive adjustment units have a refractive power of zero or no different from that of the base lens.

[0215] B4. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples B1 to B2, wherein a plurality of light-adjusting units have negative optical power relative to the optical power of the base lens.

[0216] B5. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples B1 to B2, wherein a plurality of light-adjusting units are positive optical powers relative to the optical power of the base lens.

[0217] B6. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples B1 to B2, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units have a power of more than one focal length.

[0218] B7. As in examples B1 to B6, a portion of the defocused light transmitted through the light-adjusting unit partition is distributed in front of the first image plane.

[0219] B8. As in examples B1 to B6, a portion of the defocused light transmitted through the light adjustment unit partition is distributed behind the first image plane.

[0220] B9. As in examples B1 to B8, a portion of the defocused light transmitted through the light-adjusting unit partition is distributed in front of and behind the first image plane.

[0221] B10. As in examples B1 to B9, the ophthalmic lens in which a portion of the defocused light distribution before or after the first image plane is approximately >20%.

[0222] B11. As in examples B1 to B9, the ophthalmic lenses in which a portion of the defocused light distribution before or after the first image plane is approximately >30%.

[0223] B12. An ophthalmic lens as in Example B1, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units are diffracted in nature.

[0224] B13. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens having a first optical power and a corresponding first image plane; one or more light adjustment unit partitions having a plurality of light adjustment units having a negative optical power relative to the first optical power; wherein light transmitted through the ophthalmic lens generates a defocused light distribution passing through the first image plane, one or more image planes in front of the first image plane, and one or more image planes behind the first image plane.

[0225] B14. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens having a first optical power and a corresponding first image plane; one or more light adjustment unit partitions having a plurality of light adjustment units having a positive optical power relative to the first optical power, wherein light transmitted through the ophthalmic lens generates a defocused light distribution passing through the first image plane, one or more image planes in front of the first image plane, and one or more image planes behind the first image plane.

[0226] B15. An ophthalmic lens for an individual eye, comprising: a base lens having a first optical power based on the refractive error of the eye, a second lens having a second optical power relatively positive compared to the first optical power; a plurality of light adjustment units on the second lens; and wherein light transmitted through the ophthalmic lens produces a defocused light distribution passing through a first image plane, one or more image planes in front of the first image plane, and one or more image planes behind the first image plane.

[0227] B16. An ophthalmic lens as in Example B15, wherein the second power is non-uniform in the second zone.

[0228] B17. As in examples B15 to B16, the non-uniform optical power from the inner edge to the outer edge of the second zone may include one or more of an increase, a decrease, or a non-monotonic optical power.

[0229] B18. Ophthalmic lenses as in Examples B15 and B17, wherein one or more of the plurality of light-adjusting units are inherently refractive.

[0230] B19. Ophthalmic lenses as described in Examples B15 to B18, wherein one or more refractive adjustment units have a refractive power of zero or no different from that of the base lens.

[0231] B20. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples B15 to B19, wherein a plurality of light-adjusting units have negative optical power relative to the optical power of the base lens.

[0232] B21. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples B15 to B19, wherein a plurality of light-adjusting units are positive optical powers relative to the optical power of the base lens.

[0233] C1. An ophthalmic lens configured to correct, slow down, reduce, and / or control the progression of myopia, comprising: a base lens configured to direct light to at least a first image plane; a central optical zone centrally located and substantially circular in shape; a peripheral optical zone substantially annular in shape and located around the central optical zone; a peripheral optical zone substantially annular in shape and located around the peripheral optical zone; and a plurality of light adjustment units located in at least one or more of the central, peripheral, or peripheral optical zones, wherein one or more of the plurality of light adjustment units are configured to direct light to one or more image planes prior to the first image plane; and wherein one or more of the plurality of light adjustment units are configured to direct light to one or more image planes subsequent to the first image plane.

[0234] D1. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens for directing light to at least a first plane; and a plurality of light-adjusting units in at least one light-adjusting unit partition; wherein the ophthalmic lens is configured such that light transmitted through at least one light-adjusting unit partition generates a defocused light distribution (TFLD) extending to one or more additional planes in at least one of a direction following (hyperopic defocus) and / or preceding (myopic defocus) relative to the first plane.

[0235] D2. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens; and a plurality of light-adjusting units in at least one light-adjusting unit partition; wherein the base lens is configured to direct light to at least a first image plane and the plurality of light-adjusting units are configured to direct light to one or more image planes located behind (hyperopic astigmatism) and / or in front (myopic astigmatism) relative to the first image plane.

[0236] D3. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens; and a plurality of light-adjusting units in at least one light-adjusting unit partition for correcting, slowing, reducing, and / or controlling the progression of eye growth by directing or moving light to one or more planes; wherein the base lens is configured to direct light to at least a first image plane and the plurality of light-adjusting units are configured to direct light to one or more image planes located behind (hyperopic astigmatism) and / or in front (myopic astigmatism) relative to the first image plane.

[0237] D4. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the first image plane corresponds to the retinal plane.

[0238] D5. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the base lens has uniform optical power on the lens.

[0239] D6. As in any of the examples in D, the optical power of the base lens varies across the entire lens.

[0240] D7. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the power of the peripheral optical zone of the base lens is corrected compared to the central and / or intermediate peripheral optical zones.

[0241] D8. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the power of the peripheral and intermediate peripheral optical zones of the base lens is corrected compared to the central optical zone.

[0242] D9. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the peripheral optical zone of the base lens has a more negative optical power compared to the central and / or intermediate peripheral optical zones.

[0243] D10. For any of the ophthalmic lenses in example D, the positive power increases in a stepwise manner or gradually in a monotonic or non-monotonic manner from the center to the intermediate periphery and / or peripheral zones.

[0244] D11. For any of the ophthalmic lenses in example D, the negative power increases in a stepped manner and / or gradually in a monotonic or non-monotonic manner from the center to the intermediate periphery and / or the peripheral zone.

[0245] D12. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the change in optical power from the center to the peripheral zone spans the entire base lens and / or applies to certain areas or quadrants or portions of the lens.

[0246] D13. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the base lens of the ophthalmic lens incorporates a filter and / or a phase change mask (e.g., an amplitude mask).

[0247] D14. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the filter is applied to the entire base lens and / or to a selected area, quadrant, or portion of the lens.

[0248] D15. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the phase change mask is applied to the entire base lens and / or to a selected area, quadrant, or portion of the lens.

[0249] D16. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the ophthalmic lens further comprises one or more concentric rings or annular sections or at least a portion of a ring or annular section having one or more optical powers and a plurality of light adjustment units.

[0250] D17. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the ophthalmic lens comprises a base lens with a phase change shield and a plurality of light adjustment units.

[0251] D18. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units may be individually positioned or stacked on the base lens of the ophthalmic lens in an array or configuration, or in an aggregate, array, stack, cluster or other suitable stacking configuration.

[0252] D19. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the individual configurations, aggregates, arrays, stacks, or clusters of the light-adjusting units are positioned on the base lens in a square, hexagonal, or any other suitable configuration (e.g., a repeating pattern corresponding to a square, hexagonal, or any other suitable configuration, or any non-repeating or random configuration) and / or centered on and / or not centered on the geometric or optical center of the base lens.

[0253] D20. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the ratio of the length of the longest (x) meridian or axis to the shortest meridian or axis (y) of at least one of one or more light-adjusting units is about 1.1, about 1.2, about 1.3, about 1.4, about 1.5, about 1.6, about 1.7, about 1.8, about 1.9 and about 2.0.

[0254] D21. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the sagittal depth of the light-adjusting unit varies within the range of approximately 20 nm to approximately 1 mm, approximately 20 nm to approximately 500 µm, approximately 20 nm to approximately 400 µm, approximately 20 nm to approximately 300 µm, approximately 20 nm to approximately 200 µm, approximately 20 nm to approximately 100 µm, and approximately 20 nm to approximately 50 µm.

[0255] D22. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein one or more light-adjusting units are configured such that any of the principal meridians or axes or the longest meridians of the light-adjusting units are parallel to each other or radially aligned or arranged circumferentially or in any suitable geometric configuration (e.g., triangular configuration or square or rectangular or hexagonal).

[0256] D23. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the light adjustment unit includes a phase change mask, such as an amplitude mask, a binary amplitude mask, a phase mask, or a phase diagram, or a binary phase mask, or a phase change surface, such as a metasurface or a nanostructure.

[0257] D24. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the light phase of one or more light-adjusting units is adjusted (e.g., the outer area of ​​the light-adjusting unit represents the area where the light phase has been adjusted, for example, by pi / 2, pi, 3.pi / 2 or 0 to pi / 2, pi / 2 to pi, pi to 3.pi / 2 or 3.pi / 2 to 2.pi; the inner white circle represents the second area of ​​the light-adjusting unit, wherein the light phase has been adjusted to a phase different from that of the first area; and / or the middle gray circle represents the third area of ​​the light-adjusting unit, wherein the light phase has been adjusted to a phase different from that of the first and / or second areas).

[0258] D25. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the size, density per square millimeter, and stacking configuration of the light-adjusting units may be uniform or varied throughout the entire zone (e.g., the density of light-adjusting units in the peripheral zone may be greater or smaller than that in the central peripheral zone).

[0259] D26. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the distribution of substantially positive power optical adjustment units, substantially negative power optical adjustment units, multifocal optical adjustment units, and optical adjustment units with phase change shields in one or more sections of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., the ratio of the number of positive power optical adjustment units to the number of negative power optical adjustment units to the number of multifocal optical adjustment units) varies in equal or unequal proportions.

[0260] D27. For any of the ophthalmic lenses described in Example D, the lens designer and clinician may use the geometric distribution of the light accommodation unit and / or the fill factor as guidelines for the clinical efficacy of the ophthalmic lens, including myopia control, visual acuity, and abrasion resistance.

[0261] D28. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the geometric fill ratio of the total surface area of ​​the accommodative unit to the base lens of the ophthalmic lens (e.g., the ratio of the total surface area of ​​the accommodative unit to the total surface area of ​​the ophthalmic lens) is approximately 5%, approximately 10%, approximately 15%, approximately 20%, approximately 25%, approximately 30%, approximately 35%, approximately 40%, approximately 45%, approximately 50%, approximately 55%, approximately 60%, approximately 65%, approximately 70%, approximately 75%, approximately 80%, or approximately 85%, at least 5%. %, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80% or at least 85%, or between 5 and 15%, 20 and 30%, 35 and 45%, 40 and 50%, 45 and 55%, 60 and 70%, 70 and 75%, 70 and 80% or 75 and 85%.

[0262] D29. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the surface area corresponding to the central optical zone either does not contain a light-adjusting unit or contains a plurality of light-adjusting units.

[0263] D30. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the geometric fill ratio of the light-adjusting unit to the surface area corresponding to the central optical zone is approximately 5%, approximately 10%, approximately 15%, approximately 20%, approximately 25%, approximately 30%, approximately 35%, approximately 40%, approximately 45%, approximately 50%, approximately 55%, approximately 60%, approximately 65%, approximately 70%, approximately 75%, approximately 80% or approximately 85%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80% or at least 85%, or between 5 and 15%, 20 and 30%, 35 and 45%, 40 and 50%, 45 and 55%, 60 and 70%, 70 and 75%, 70 and 80% or 75 and 85%.

[0264] D31. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the geometric fill ratio of the light-adjusting unit to the surface area corresponding to the peripheral optical zone is approximately 5%, approximately 10%, approximately 15%, approximately 20%, approximately 25%, approximately 30%, approximately 35%, approximately 40%, approximately 45%, approximately 50%, approximately 55%, approximately 60%, approximately 65%, approximately 70%, approximately 75%, approximately 80% or approximately 85%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80% or at least 85%, or between 5 and 15%, 20 and 30%, 35 and 45%, 40 and 50%, 45 and 55%, 60 and 70%, 70 and 75%, 70 and 80% or 75 and 85%.

[0265] D32. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the ophthalmic lens incorporates one or more light adjustment units to provide TFLD, wherein the ratio of light distributed in the myopic defocus compared to the hyperopic defocus is approximately <1.0, approximately <0.9, approximately <0.8, approximately <0.7, approximately <0.6, approximately <0.5, approximately <0.4, approximately <0.3, approximately <0.2, or approximately <0.1.

[0266] D33. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the ophthalmic lens incorporates one or more light adjustment units to provide TFLD, wherein the ratio of light distributed in the myopic defocus compared to the hyperopic defocus is approximately >1.0, approximately >1.1, approximately >1.2, approximately >1.3, approximately >1.4, approximately >1.5, approximately >1.6, approximately >1.7, approximately >1.8, approximately >1.9.

[0267] D34. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the ophthalmic lens incorporates a light adjustment unit to provide a TFLD without substantial hyperopic defocus.

[0268] D35. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the ophthalmic lens incorporates a light accommodation unit to provide a TFLD without substantial myopic defocus.

[0269] D36. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the ophthalmic lens has a geometric fill factor such that approximately 75% of the light transmitted by the light-adjusting unit is directed to the retinal image plane and approximately 25% of the light is directed to a plane in front of the retinal image plane (myopic defocus).

[0270] D37. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the ophthalmic lens includes a light adjustment unit having a geometric fill factor, which is designed such that the peak amplitude of the defocused light in front of the image plane is substantially greater than, slightly greater than, substantially similar to, slightly less than, or substantially less than the amplitude of the defocused light behind the image plane.

[0271] D38. For any of the eye lenses in example D, the distance of the peak amplitude of light directed to the front of the image plane is substantially closer to the image plane positioning than the distance of the peak amplitude of light directed to the back of the image plane.

[0272] D39. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the TFLD at least partially forms a non-periodic and non-monotonic amplitude of myopic defocus, hyperopic defocus, or both.

[0273] D40. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the amplitude of any continuous defocused band is at least about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 10% to 50%, about 10% to 40%, about 10% to 30%, or about 10% to 20% of the total amplitude.

[0274] D41. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the peak amplitude of the TFLD in front of the image plane (or in front of or within myopic defocus) is approximately 50% of all light directed in front of the retinal plane, substantially >50%, slightly >50%, or <50%.

[0275] D42. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the peak amplitude of the TFLD behind the retinal plane (or behind or in hyperopic defocus) is approximately 50% of all light directed behind the retinal plane, substantially >50%, slightly >50%, or <50%.

[0276] D43. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the amplitude of the TFLD in front of the retinal plane (or in front of or within the myopic defocus) and within 1.00D of the retinal plane is about <10%, or about <20%, or about <30%, or about <50% of the total light in front of the retinal plane.

[0277] D44. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in D, wherein the amplitude of the TFLD within 1.00D of the retinal plane (or behind or in hyperopic defocus) is approximately <10%, or approximately <20%, or approximately <30%, or approximately <50% of the total light behind the retinal plane.

[0278] D45. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens including at least a central optical zone and a peripheral optical zone, the base lens being configured to direct light to at least a first plane; and a plurality of light adjustment units located on the surface of at least the peripheral optical zone of the base lens and configured to correct, slow, reduce and / or control the progression of eye growth by directing or moving light to one or more planes; wherein the ophthalmic lens is configured such that light transmitted through the ophthalmic lens produces a defocused light distribution (TFLD) extending to one or more additional planes in at least one of a posterior (hyperopic astigmatism) or anterior (myopic astigmatism) direction.

[0279] E1. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens configured to direct light to at least a first plane; and one or more light-adjusting unit zones comprising a plurality of light-adjusting units located in at least one of the surfaces or embedded in a base lens in any combination of one or more of the central optical zone, intermediate peripheral optical zone and peripheral optical zone of the base lens, and configured to direct or move light to one or more planes; wherein light transmitted through the one or more light-adjusting unit zones generates a defocused light distribution (TFLD) extending to one or more additional planes in at least one of the directions following (hyperopic defocus) and / or preceding (myopic defocus) relative to the first plane.

[0280] E2. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein one or more light adjustment units are configured to direct light to one or more planes located after the first plane (hyperopic defocus) and one or more planes located in front of the first image plane (myopic defocus).

[0281] E3. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the plurality of light-adjusting units are essentially at least one of refraction and / or diffraction.

[0282] E4. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the sagittal depth of the light-adjusting unit varies within the range of about 20 nm to about 1 mm, about 20 nm to about 500 µm, about 20 nm to about 400 µm, about 20 nm to about 300 µm, about 20 nm to about 200 µm, about 20 nm to about 100 µm and / or about 20 nm to about 50 µm.

[0283] E5. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the light adjustment unit is plano power, and / or positive power, and / or negative power and / or has at least one of a plurality of powers.

[0284] E6. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the proportion of the TFLD in front of the first image plane is greater than 20% of the light transmitted through one or more light conditioning unit zones.

[0285] E7. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the proportion of the TFLD behind the first image plane is greater than 20% of the light transmitted through one or more light-adjusting unit zones.

[0286] E8. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein one or more light adjustment units are incorporated and configured to provide a TFLD, wherein the ratio of light distributed in the myopic defocus compared to hyperopic defocus is approximately <1.0, approximately <0.9, approximately <0.8, approximately <0.7, approximately <0.6, approximately <0.5, approximately <0.4, approximately <0.3, approximately <0.2, or approximately <0.1.

[0287] E9. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein one or more light adjustment units are incorporated and configured to provide a TFLD, wherein the ratio of light distributed in the myopic defocus compared to hyperopic defocus is approximately >1.0, approximately >1.1, approximately >1.2, approximately >1.3, approximately >1.4, approximately >1.5, approximately >1.6, approximately >1.7, approximately >1.8, or approximately >1.9.

[0288] E10. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein one or more light adjustment units are incorporated and configured to provide a TFLD without substantial hyperopic defocus.

[0289] E11. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein one or more light adjustment units are incorporated and configured to provide a TFLD without substantial myopic defocus.

[0290] E12. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the light adjustment unit partition has a geometric fill factor that is designed such that the peak amplitude of the defocused light in front of the image plane is substantially greater than, slightly greater than, substantially similar to, slightly less than and / or substantially less than the amplitude of the defocused light behind the image plane.

[0291] E13. An ophthalmic lens, as in any of the examples in E, wherein the distance of the peak amplitude of light directed to the front of the image plane is substantially closer to the image plane location than the distance of the peak amplitude of light directed to the back of the image plane.

[0292] E14. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the TFLD at least partially forms a non-periodic and non-monotonic amplitude of myopic defocus, hyperopic defocus, or both.

[0293] E15. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the amplitude of any defocused band is at least about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 10% to 50%, about 10% to 40%, about 10% to 30%, or about 10% to 20% of the total amplitude.

[0294] E16. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the peak amplitude of the TFLD in front of the image plane (or in front of or in the myopic defocus) is approximately 50% of all light directed in front of the retinal plane, substantially >50%, slightly >50%, or <50%.

[0295] E17. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the peak amplitude of the TFLD behind the retinal plane (or behind or in hyperopic defocus) is approximately 50% of all light directed behind the retinal plane, substantially >50%, slightly >50%, or <50%.

[0296] E18. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the amplitude of the TFLD in front of the retinal plane (or in front of or within the myopic defocus) and within 1.00D of the retinal plane is about <10%, or about <20%, or about <30%, or about <50% of the total light in front of the retinal plane.

[0297] E19. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the amplitude of the TFLD within 1.00D of the retinal plane (or behind or in hyperopic defocus) is approximately <10%, or approximately <20%, or approximately <30%, or approximately <50% of the total light behind the retinal plane.

[0298] E20. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the power of the base lens varies across the entire lens.

[0299] E21. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the power of the peripheral optical zone of the base lens is more positive or more negative compared to the central and / or intermediate peripheral optical zones.

[0300] E22. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the power of the peripheral and intermediate peripheral optical zones of the base lens is corrected compared to the central optical zone.

[0301] E23. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the change in optical power from the center to the intermediate periphery and / or peripheral zones is stepwise or gradually increases in a monotonous or non-monotonic manner.

[0302] E24. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the change in optical power from the center to the peripheral zone spans the entire base lens and / or applies to certain areas or quadrants or portions of the lens.

[0303] E25. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the base lens of the ophthalmic lens incorporates a filter and / or incorporates a phase change mask (e.g., an amplitude mask).

[0304] E26. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the filter is applied to the entire base lens and / or to a selected area, quadrant, or portion of the lens.

[0305] E27. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the phase change mask is applied to the entire base lens and / or to a selected area, quadrant, or portion of the lens.

[0306] E28. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the ophthalmic lens further comprises one or more concentric rings or annular sections or a ring or at least a portion of one or more annular sections having one or more optical powers and a plurality of light adjustment units.

[0307] E29. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein one or more of the light-adjusting units may be positioned or stacked individually or in an array or configuration, or in an aggregate, or stacked, or clustered or other suitable stacking configuration on one or more sections of a base lens.

[0308] E30. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples E, wherein the individual configurations, aggregates, arrays, stacks, or clusters of the light-adjusting units are positioned on the base lens in a square, hexagonal, or any other suitable configuration (e.g., a repeating pattern corresponding to a square, hexagonal, or any other suitable configuration, or any non-repeating or random configuration) and / or centered on and / or not centered on the geometric or optical center of the base lens.

[0309] E31. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples E, wherein the ratio of the length of the longest (x) meridian or axis to the shortest meridian or axis (y) of at least one of one or more light-adjusting units is about 1.1, about 1.2, about 1.3, about 1.4, about 1.5, about 1.6, about 1.7, about 1.8, about 1.9 and about 2.0.

[0310] E32. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein one or more light-adjusting units are configured such that any of the principal meridians or axes or the longest meridians of the light-adjusting units are parallel to each other or radially aligned or arranged circumferentially or in any suitable geometric configuration (e.g., triangular configuration or square or rectangular or hexagonal).

[0311] E33. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein one or more light-modulating units include a phase-change mask, such as an amplitude mask, a binary amplitude mask, a phase mask, or a phase diagram, or a binary phase mask, or a phase-change surface, such as a metasurface or a nanostructure.

[0312] E34. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the light phase of one or more light-adjusting units is adjusted (e.g., the outer area of ​​the light-adjusting unit represents the area where the light phase has been adjusted, for example, by pi / 2, pi, 3.pi / 2 or 0 to pi / 2, pi / 2 to pi, pi to 3.pi / 2 or 3.pi / 2 to 2.pi; the inner white circle represents the second area of ​​the light-adjusting unit, wherein the light phase has been adjusted to a phase different from that of the first area; and / or the middle gray circle represents the third area of ​​the light-adjusting unit, wherein the light phase has been adjusted to a phase different from that of the first and / or second areas).

[0313] E35. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein any combination of one or more of the size of the light-adjusting unit, the density per square millimeter, and / or the stacking configuration is uniform or varies throughout the entire zone (e.g., the density of the light-adjusting unit in the peripheral zone is greater or smaller than that in the central peripheral zone).

[0314] E36. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the lens designer and clinician may use the geometric distribution of the light accommodation unit and / or the fill factor as a guideline for the clinical efficacy of the ophthalmic lens, which includes any combination of one or more of myopia control efficacy, visual acuity, and abrasion resistance.

[0315] E37. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the surface area corresponding to the central optical zone does not contain a light-adjusting unit or contains a plurality of light-adjusting units.

[0316] E38. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of the examples in E, wherein the geometric fill ratio of the light-adjusting unit in the central optical zone to the surface area corresponding to the central optical zone is about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80% or about 85%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80% or at least 85%, or between 5 and 15%, 20 and 30%, 35 and 45%, 40 and 50%, 45 and 55%, 60 and 70%, 70 and 75%, 70 and 80% or 75 and 85%.

[0317] E39. An ophthalmic lens as described in any of Examples E, wherein the ratio of the light-adjusting unit in the peripheral optical zone and / or the intermediate peripheral optical zone to the geometric fill ratio of the surface area corresponding to the peripheral optical zone and / or the intermediate peripheral optical zone is about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80% or about 85%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80% or at least 85%, or between 5 and 15%, 20 and 30%, 35 and 45%, 40 and 50%, 45 and 55%, 60 and 70%, 70 and 75%, 70 and 80% or 75 and 85%.

[0318] E40. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens having an anterior surface and a posterior surface configured to direct light to at least a first image plane; one or more light-adjusting unit partitions on or in the base lens, the one or more light-adjusting unit partitions comprising a plurality of light-adjusting units positioned in a specific configuration; wherein any combination of one or more of the following: geometric configuration, fill factor ratio, diameter, sagittal depth, curvature, optical power, and unit-to-unit spacing of the light-adjusting units is configured such that light transmitted through the light-adjusting unit partitions produces a defocused light distribution directed to a plurality of planes located in front of and / or behind the first image plane.

[0319] E41. A method for designing / manufacturing an ophthalmic lens, comprising: selecting a base lens having an optical power distribution and configured to direct light to at least a first plane; determining that one or more optical adjustment unit partitions are positioned in any combination of one or more of the central optical partition, intermediate peripheral optical partition, and / or peripheral optical partition of the base lens, wherein the one or more optical adjustment unit partitions comprise a plurality of optical adjustment units, the optical adjustment units being located in at least one of the surfaces or embedded in the base lens; configuring the ophthalmic lens using any combination of one or more of the geometric configuration of the optical adjustment units, fill factor ratio, optical adjustment unit diameter, optical adjustment unit sagittal depth, optical adjustment unit curvature, optical adjustment unit optical power, and unit-to-unit spacing such that light transmitted through the one or more optical adjustment unit partitions produces a defocused light distribution (TFLD) extending to one or more additional planes in at least one of a direction behind (hyperopic defocus) and in front (myopic defocus) relative to the first plane.

[0320] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed and defined in this specification extend to all alternative combinations of two or more of the individual features mentioned or obvious herein or in the accompanying drawings. All such different combinations constitute various alternative forms of the invention.

[0321] The foregoing overview of several embodiments provides a better understanding of the nature of the invention for those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be readily used as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures to achieve the same objectives and / or advantages as the embodiments introduced herein. Those skilled in the art will also recognize that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0322] 1a: Side view of an ophthalmic lens 1b: Front view of an ophthalmic lens 2a: Side view of an ophthalmic lens 2b: Front view of an ophthalmic lens 2c: Central optical partition 2D: Central Peripheral Optical Partitioning 2e: Peripheral Optical Zone 2f: Light adjustment unit 3a: Light adjustment unit 3b: Concave light adjustment unit 3c: Multi-focus light adjustment unit 3D: Convex Light Adjustment Unit 4a: Ophthalmic lenses 4b: Concave light adjustment unit 4c: Variable (multifocal) optical power 4d: Convex light adjustment unit 4e: Offset layer 5d: Outside the light adjustment unit 5e: Inner white circle 5f: The gray circle in the middle 6a: Different parts of an ophthalmic lens 6b: Different parts of an ophthalmic lens 6c: Different parts of ophthalmic lenses 7a: Image plane 7b: Image plane 7c: Image plane 8: Contact lenses 8a: Different parts of an ophthalmic lens 8b: Different parts of an ophthalmic lens 8c: Different parts of ophthalmic lenses 320: Eyes 321: Exemplary ophthalmic lenses 322: Basic Lens 323: Light adjustment unit 324: Light 325: Light Adjustment Unit 326: Focal plane 327: Entrance pupil A: Myopia with astigmatism A': Myopic astigmatism B: Hyperopic astigmatism B': Hyperopic astigmatism C: Image plane CR1: Geometric Center CR2: Geometric Center G1: Geometric Center R1: Ring R2: Ring Z1: Partition Z2: Partition Z3: Circular partition Z4: Central Partition Z5: Ring Partition Z6: Horizontal Meridian Z7: Vertical meridian

Claims

1. An ophthalmic lens comprising: a base lens having a first refractive power configured to direct light to at least a first image plane or a retinal plane; and a plurality of microlenses positioned in at least one array on or within one or more regions of a central optical zone, a mid-peripheral optical zone, and a peripheral optical zone of the base lens, the microlenses directing light to one or more planes in front of the first image plane or the retinal plane, thereby generating a defocused light distribution (TFLD) in front of the first image plane or the retinal plane, wherein: The ophthalmic lens is a spectacle lens; the amplitude of the TFLD in front of the first image plane or retinal plane and within 1.00D of the first image plane or retinal plane is <10%, <20%, <30%, or <50% of the total light in front of the first image plane or retinal plane.

2. The eyeglass lens of claim 1, wherein the eyeglass lens has a circular central optical zone having a radius ranging from 1.5 mm to 5 mm, and a peripheral optical zone, wherein the image plane formed by at least one of the microlenses located within the area of ​​the peripheral optical zone corresponds to a change in optical power greater than 3D.

3. The ophthalmic lens of claim 1, wherein the plurality of microlenses are a plurality of aspherical microlenses.

4. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of microlenses comprises microlenses that are adjacent to each other.

5. The ophthalmic lens of claim 1, wherein the central optical zone is circular and has a radius ranging from 1.5 mm to 5 mm, and does not contain microlenses.

6. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of microlenses comprises microlenses disposed in two or more concentric rings or annular sections.

7. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of microlenses have a shape corresponding to a circle and have a diameter ranging from 1 mm to 1.5 mm.

8. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in claim 6, wherein the two or more concentric rings or annular sections have aligned geometric centers.

9. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first microlens of the plurality of microlenses refracts light to the front of the first image plane to a first degree, and the second microlens of the plurality of microlenses refracts light to the front of the first image plane to a second degree greater than the first degree.

10. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ophthalmic lens refracts light through three or more image planes, four or more image planes, five or more image planes, six or more image planes, seven or more image planes, eight or more image planes, nine or more image planes, or ten or more image planes.

11. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein each or more of the plurality of microlenses refracts light through 3 or more image planes, 4 or more image planes, 5 or more image planes, 6 or more image planes, 7 or more image planes, 8 or more image planes, 9 or more image planes, or 10 or more image planes.

12. The ophthalmic lens of claim 11, wherein each or more of the plurality of microlenses refracts light through a plurality of image planes, at least one image plane in front of the first image plane, and at least one image plane behind the first image plane.

13. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein all microlenses of the ophthalmic lens have a corrected refractive power of at least 0.5D, or at least 1D, or at least 1.5D, or at least 2D, or at least 2.5D, or at least 3D, or at least 3.5D, or at least 4D, or at least 4.5D, or at least 5D relative to the first refractive power.

14. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of microlenses contains at least one higher-order aberration or spherical aberration.

15. An ophthalmic lens according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the proportion of light passing through the light accommodation zone where the plurality of microlenses are located, directed to the image plane of hyperopic defocus, is at least 25%, or at least 30%, or at least 35%.

16. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first refractive power is a power for correcting myopia.

17. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the amplitude of the TFLD located in front of the first image plane or retinal plane and within 1.00D of the first image plane or retinal plane includes at least a portion having a non-zero amplitude.

18. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the amplitude of the TFLD located in front of the first image plane or retinal plane has variable amplitude.

19. An ophthalmic lens of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least a portion of the TFLD has an amplitude that forms a non-periodic and non-monotonic amplitude of myopic defocus light.

20. An ophthalmic lens as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the amplitude of the TFLD located in front of the first image plane or retinal plane includes a defocused peak amplitude, and wherein <50% of all light directed in front of the first image plane or retinal plane is located at the defocused peak amplitude.

21. An ophthalmic lens according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of microlenses positioned in the at least one array directs light to one or more planes behind the first image plane or retinal plane, thereby producing a defocused light distribution (TFLD) behind the first image plane or retinal plane.

22. The ophthalmic lens of claim 21, wherein the amplitude of the TFLD located behind the first image plane or retinal plane and within 1.00D of the first image plane or retinal plane is <10%, <20%, <30%, or <50% of the total light located behind the first image plane or retinal plane.

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