A control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of batteries

Abstract

This invention relates to a control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery, comprising a battery module, a detection device, an internal pipeline, an external pipeline, a fluid control valve, a plurality of thermal insulation components, and an external device. When the battery temperature is detected to be higher than the high operating temperature, the controller drives the pump and the fluid control valve to inject an insulating, thermally conductive, and non-flammable cooling fluid from a storage tank into the internal space of the battery module. Each thermal insulation component has a first drainage groove to increase the contact area between the cooling fluid and the battery, thereby effectively reducing the temperature and suppressing thermal runaway.

Claims

1. A control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery, comprising: An external device includes a controller and a storage tank containing an insulating, thermally conductive, and non-flammable cooling fluid; the external device further includes a pump connected to the storage tank; a battery module includes a housing containing a space housing a plurality of electrically connected batteries; an internal conduit fixed within the space of the housing, the internal conduit including a nozzle; a detection device disposed within the space of the housing and electrically connected to the controller, the detection device being used to detect the internal temperature of the battery module; an external conduit connecting the pump and the internal conduit, the pump operating to inject the cooling fluid from the storage tank into the space of the housing; and a fluid control valve disposed on at least one of the external conduit and the internal conduit and located between the nozzle and the pump, the fluid control valve being electrically connected to the controller; When the detection device detects that the temperature of the battery module is higher than a high operating temperature, the pump operates and the fluid control valve opens to allow the cooling fluid to pass through and be injected into the space via the nozzle; when the detection device detects that the temperature of the battery module is not higher than a high operating temperature, the pump does not operate and the fluid control valve closes to prevent the cooling fluid from passing through.

2. The control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery as described in claim 1 further includes: A plurality of heat insulation components, each including two mutually spaced contact surfaces, each heat insulation component further including a first end face and a second end face extending between the two ends of the two contact surfaces, each heat insulation component further including a plurality of first drainage grooves recessed on each of the contact surfaces, each first drainage groove extending from the first end face to the second end face, each heat insulation component being accommodated between two abutting surfaces of any two adjacent batteries, the two contact surfaces abutting the abutting surfaces of the two adjacent batteries, the first end face of each heat insulation component facing the nozzle and the second end face facing a bottom wall included in the housing, when the cooling fluid is injected into the space, the cooling fluid system fills each of the first drainage grooves.

3. The control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a battery as described in claim 2, wherein each of the heat insulation elements further includes a plurality of second drainage grooves recessed on each of the contact surfaces, each of the second drainage grooves extending and communicating with the plurality of first drainage grooves.

4. The control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery as described in claim 2, wherein the bottom wall of the enclosure is adjacent to the space, the bottom wall includes a plurality of discharge holes penetrating the bottom wall, the second end face of each of the heat insulation members abuts against the bottom wall, each of the discharge holes is aligned with and communicates with one of the plurality of first drainage channels, and the cooling fluid injected into the space is discharged from the outside of the enclosure through each of the discharge holes.

5. The control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery as described in claim 1, wherein the housing further includes a bottom wall adjacent to the space, the bottom wall including a plurality of discharge holes penetrating the bottom wall, and the cooling fluid injected into the space is discharged from each of the discharge holes to the outside of the housing.

6. The control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery as described in claim 1 further includes: A reinforcing beam, wherein the housing further includes a panel adjacent to the space and two sidewalls joined to and spaced apart from the two ends of the panel, the housing further includes a bottom wall connected to the two sidewalls and the panel, the reinforcing beam is joined to the two sidewalls, each of the batteries is located between the reinforcing beam and the bottom wall, the reinforcing beam includes a groove, the housing further includes a top cover joined to the panel and the two sidewalls, the top cover enclosing the space and adjacent to the reinforcing beam; a connector fixed to the panel, the internal pipeline further includes a connecting pipe connected to one end of the connector and located within the space and an extension pipe connected to the connecting pipe, the extension pipe is joined to the groove and located between the reinforcing beam and the top cover, the nozzle is connected to the extension pipe, the fluid control valve is disposed on the connecting pipe of the internal pipeline and located between the extension pipe and the connector, and the external pipeline is connected to the other end of the connector.

7. The control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery as described in claim 6 further includes: A plurality of heat insulation components, each including two mutually spaced contact surfaces, each heat insulation component further including a first end face and a second end face extending between the two ends of the two contact surfaces, each heat insulation component further including a plurality of first drainage grooves recessed on each of the contact surfaces, each first drainage groove extending from the first end face to the second end face, each heat insulation component being accommodated between two abutting surfaces of any two adjacent batteries, the two contact surfaces abutting the abutting surfaces of the two adjacent batteries, the first end face of each heat insulation component facing the nozzle and the second end face facing a bottom wall included in the housing, when the cooling fluid is injected into the space, the cooling fluid system fills each of the first drainage grooves.

8. The control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery as described in claim 7, wherein the bottom wall includes a plurality of discharge holes penetrating the bottom wall, the second end face of each of the heat insulation members abuts against the bottom wall, each of the discharge holes is aligned with and communicates with one of the plurality of first drainage channels, and the cooling fluid injected into the space is discharged from the outside of the housing through each of the discharge holes.

9. The control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery as described in claim 1, further comprising: A reinforcing beam, wherein the housing further includes a panel adjacent to the space and two sidewalls joined to and spaced apart from the two ends of the panel, the housing further includes a bottom wall connected to the two sidewalls and the panel, the reinforcing beam is joined to the two sidewalls, each of the batteries is located between the reinforcing beam and the bottom wall, the reinforcing beam includes a groove, the housing further includes a top cover joined to the panel and the two sidewalls, the top cover enclosing the space and adjacent to the reinforcing beam; a nozzle fixed to the panel, the internal pipeline further includes a connecting pipe connected to one end of the nozzle and located within the space and an extension pipe connected to the connecting pipe, the extension pipe is joined to the groove and located between the reinforcing beam and the top cover, the nozzle is connected to the extension pipe, the external pipeline includes a distribution pipe and a delivery pipe connected to the distribution pipe, the distribution pipe is connected to the pump, the delivery pipe is connected between the nozzle and the distribution pipe, and the fluid control valve is disposed on the delivery pipe of the external pipeline.

10. A control system for preventing thermal runaway and combustion of a storage battery, comprising: An external device includes a controller and a storage tank containing an insulating, thermally conductive, and non-flammable cooling fluid. The external device further includes a pump connected to the storage tank. A battery module includes a housing containing a space for accommodating a plurality of electrically connected batteries, the space being communicatively connected to the pump of the external device. A plurality of thermal insulation components, each including two spaced-apart contact surfaces, each thermal insulation component further including a first end face and a second end face extending between the two ends of the two contact surfaces. Each thermal insulation component further includes a plurality of first drainage channels recessed on each of the contact surfaces, each first drainage channel extending from the first end face to the second end face. Each thermal insulation component is disposed between two abutting surfaces of any two adjacent batteries, the two contact surfaces abutting the abutting surfaces of the two adjacent batteries. When the pump of the external device injects the cooling fluid into the space, the cooling fluid flows into each of the first drainage channels of each thermal insulation component.

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