Dual-frequency transmitarray antenna and dual-frequency transmitarray antenna unit cell

Abstract

A dual-frequency transmission array antenna includes a first insulating substrate, a second insulating substrate, a receiving array antenna, a transmitting array antenna, and a ground plane. The receiving array antenna is disposed on the first insulating substrate and includes M x N (M≥2, N≥2) linearly polarized receiving patches. Each linearly polarized receiving patch has a first feed section and a first ring structure, a second ring structure, and a pair of switching elements disposed on the first feed section. The transmitting array antenna is disposed on the second insulating substrate and includes M x N linearly polarized transmitting patches corresponding to the linearly polarized receiving patches. Each linearly polarized transmitting patch has a second feed section and a third ring structure and a fourth ring structure connected to the second feed section. The second feed section of one of two adjacent linearly polarized transmitting patches is parallel to the first feed section of the corresponding linearly polarized receiving patch, and the second feed section of the other is perpendicular to the first feed section of the corresponding linearly polarized receiving patch. The ground plane is disposed between the receiving array antenna and the transmitting array antenna.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency transmission array antenna, comprising: A first insulating substrate having a first side and a second side opposite to each other; A second insulating substrate, overlapping the first insulating substrate, and having a third and a fourth opposite surface, the third surface facing the second surface; a receiving array antenna, disposed on the first surface, and comprising MxN (M≥2, N≥2) linearly polarized receiving patches arranged in an array; each linearly polarized receiving patch having a first feed section and a first annular structure connected to and surrounding the first feed section, and a second annular structure connected to the first feed section and located outside the first annular structure, and the first feed section having a pair of switching elements; A transmitting array antenna is disposed on the fourth surface and includes M x N linearly polarized transmitting patches arranged in an array and corresponding to the linearly polarized receiving patches. Each linearly polarized transmitting patch has a second feed section, a third ring structure connected to and surrounding the second feed section, and a fourth ring structure connected to the second feed section and located outside the third ring structure. The second feed section is electrically connected to the first feed section. The second feed section of one of two adjacent linearly polarized transmitting patches is parallel to the first feed section of the corresponding linearly polarized receiving patch, and the second feed section of the other is perpendicular to the first feed section of the corresponding linearly polarized receiving patch. A ground plane is disposed between the second and third surfaces to isolate the receiving array antenna from the transmitting array antenna. The linearly polarized receiving patch is a rectangular patch. The first feed section is parallel to the long side of the linearly polarized receiving patch. The linearly polarized receiving patch forms a first annular structure and a second annular structure by a pair of first C-shaped slots symmetrical to the first feed section and a pair of second C-shaped slots symmetrical to the first feed section and located around the pair of first C-shaped slots. The linearly polarized transmitting patch is a rectangular patch. The second feed section is parallel to the long side of the linearly polarized transmitting patch. The linearly polarized transmitting patch forms a third annular structure and a fourth annular structure by a pair of third C-shaped slots symmetrical to the second feed section and a pair of fourth C-shaped slots symmetrical to the second feed section and located around the pair of third C-shaped slots.

2. The dual-frequency transmission array antenna as described in claim 1, wherein, The first feed section of the linearly polarized receiving patch has a feed portion electrically connected to the second feed section, and a first segment and a second segment respectively connected to both ends of the feed portion. The first segment and the second segment connect the first ring structure and the second ring structure. A first switch of the pair of switching elements is disposed between the first segment and the feed portion, and a second switch of the pair of switching elements is disposed between the second segment and the feed portion. The conduction state of the pair of switching elements determines the transmission phase of the linearly polarized transmitting patch corresponding to the linearly polarized receiving patch.

3. The dual-frequency transmission array antenna as described in claim 2, wherein, The linearly polarized transmitting patches parallel to the first feed section are first polarized patches, and the linearly polarized transmitting patches perpendicular to the first feed section are second polarized patches. The first polarized patches radiate the first polarized radio frequency signal transmitted through the feed section from the corresponding linearly polarized receiving patches outwards. The second polarized patches convert the first polarized radio frequency signal transmitted through the feed section from the corresponding linearly polarized receiving patches into a second polarized radio frequency signal perpendicular to the first polarized radio frequency signal and radiate it outwards. Furthermore, the first polarized radio frequency signal radiated by the first polarized patches is... When the phase difference between the reference phase of the radio frequency signal and the reference phase of the second polarized radio frequency signal radiated by the second polarized patch is an odd multiple of π / 2, and the amplitudes of the first polarized radio frequency signal and the second polarized radio frequency signal are the same, the first polarized radio frequency signal and the second polarized radio frequency signal are combined into a circularly polarized radio frequency signal; when the phase difference between the reference phase of the first polarized radio frequency signal radiated by the first polarized patch and the reference phase of the second polarized radio frequency signal radiated by the second polarized patch is an even multiple of π / 2, the first polarized radio frequency signal and the second polarized radio frequency signal are combined into a linearly polarized radio frequency signal.

4. The dual-frequency transmission array antenna as described in claim 2, wherein, The ground plane is disposed on the third surface and electrically connected to the feed portion of the linearly polarized receiving patch of the receiving array antenna through through-holes on the first and second insulating substrates, so as to provide a first DC bias voltage to the feed portion of the linearly polarized receiving patch; the second surface is provided with a bias circuit, which is electrically connected to each of the linearly polarized receiving patches of the receiving array antenna through through-holes on the first insulating substrate, so as to provide a second DC bias voltage or a third DC bias voltage to each of the linearly polarized receiving patches. The receiving patch comprises a first segment and a second segment; when the bias circuit provides the second DC bias to the first segment and the second segment of the linearly polarized receiving patch, the voltage difference between the first DC bias and the second DC bias will turn on the first switch and turn off the second switch; when the bias circuit provides the third DC bias to the first segment and the second segment of the linearly polarized receiving patch, the voltage difference between the first DC bias and the third DC bias will turn off the first switch and turn on the second switch.

5. The dual-frequency transmission array antenna as described in claim 4, wherein, The linearly polarized transmitting patch also has a bias section and an RF choke. The bias section is connected to the fourth annular structure of the linearly polarized transmitting patch through the RF choke. The ground plane is electrically connected to the bias section through a through hole on the second insulating substrate. The linearly polarized transmitting patch is also electrically connected to the feed-in section of the corresponding linearly polarized receiving patch on the receiving array antenna through through holes on the first and second insulating substrates, so as to provide a first DC bias voltage of the ground plane to the feed-in section.

6. The dual-frequency transmission array antenna as described in claim 4, wherein, The linearly polarized receiver patch also has a bias section and an RF choke. The bias section is connected to the second annular structure of the linearly polarized receiver patch through the RF choke, and the bias section is electrically connected to the bias circuit through a through hole on the first insulating substrate to receive the second DC bias or the third DC bias provided by the bias circuit.

7. A dual-frequency transmission antenna element, comprising: A first insulating substrate having a first side and a second side opposite to each other; A second insulating substrate, overlapping the first insulating substrate, and having a third and a fourth opposite surface, the third surface facing the second surface; a linearly polarized receiving patch, disposed on the first surface, having a first feed section, a first annular structure connected to and surrounding the first feed section, and a second annular structure connected to and located around the first annular structure, the first feed section having a pair of switching elements; a linearly polarized transmitting patch, disposed on the fourth surface and corresponding to the linearly polarized receiving patch, having a second feed section, a third annular structure connected to and surrounding the second feed section, and a fourth annular structure connected to and located around the third annular structure, the second feed section being electrically connected to the first feed section; and the second feed section being parallel or perpendicular to the first feed section; and a ground plane, disposed between the second and third surfaces to isolate the linearly polarized receiving patch and the linearly polarized transmitting patch; The linearly polarized receiving patch is a rectangular patch. The first feed section is parallel to the long side of the linearly polarized receiving patch. The linearly polarized receiving patch forms a first annular structure and a second annular structure by a pair of first C-shaped slots symmetrical to the first feed section and a pair of second C-shaped slots symmetrical to the first feed section and located around the pair of first C-shaped slots. The linearly polarized transmitting patch is a rectangular patch. The second feed section is parallel to the long side of the linearly polarized transmitting patch. The linearly polarized transmitting patch forms a third annular structure and a fourth annular structure by a pair of third C-shaped slots symmetrical to the second feed section and a pair of fourth C-shaped slots symmetrical to the second feed section and located around the pair of third C-shaped slots.

8. The dual-frequency transmission antenna element as described in claim 7, wherein, The first feed section has a feed portion electrically connected to the second feed section, and a first segment and a second segment respectively connected to both ends of the feed portion. The first segment and the second segment connect the first ring structure and the second ring structure. A first switch of the pair of switching elements is disposed between the first segment and the feed portion, and a second switch of the pair of switching elements is disposed between the second segment and the feed portion. The conduction state of the pair of switching elements determines the transmission phase of the linearly polarized emitting patch.

9. The dual-frequency transmission antenna element as described in claim 8, wherein, When the second feed section is parallel to the first feed section, the linearly polarized transmitting patch is a first polarized patch and radiates the first polarized radio frequency signal transmitted from the linearly polarized receiving patch through the feed section outward; when the second feed section is perpendicular to the first feed section, the linearly polarized transmitting patch is a second polarized patch and converts the first polarized radio frequency signal transmitted from the linearly polarized receiving patch through the feed section into a second polarized radio frequency signal perpendicular to the first polarized radio frequency signal and radiates it outward.

10. The dual-frequency transmission antenna element as described in claim 8, wherein, The ground plane is disposed on the third surface and electrically connected to the feed portion of the linearly polarized receiver patch through through-holes on the first and second insulating substrates to provide a first DC bias voltage to the feed portion of the linearly polarized receiver patch. A bias circuit is disposed on the second surface and electrically connected to the linearly polarized receiver patch through through-holes on the first insulating substrate to provide a second DC bias voltage or a third DC bias voltage to the first and second segments of the linearly polarized receiver patch. When the bias circuit provides the second DC bias voltage to the first and second segments of the linearly polarized receiver patch, the voltage difference between the first and second DC bias voltages will turn on the first switch and turn off the second switch. When the bias circuit provides the third DC bias voltage to the first and second segments of the linearly polarized receiver patch, the voltage difference between the first and third DC bias voltages will turn off the first switch and turn on the second switch.

11. The dual-frequency transmission antenna element as described in claim 10, wherein, The linearly polarized transmitting patch also has a bias section and an RF choke. The bias section is connected to the fourth annular structure of the linearly polarized transmitting patch through the RF choke. The ground plane is electrically connected to the bias section through a through hole on the second insulating substrate. The linearly polarized transmitting patch is also electrically connected to the feed-in section of the corresponding linearly polarized receiving patch on the receiving array antenna through through holes on the first and second insulating substrates, so as to provide a first DC bias voltage of the ground plane to the feed-in section.

12. The dual-frequency transmission antenna element as described in claim 10, wherein, The linearly polarized receiver patch also has a bias section and an RF choke. The bias section is connected to the second annular structure of the linearly polarized receiver patch through the RF choke, and the bias section is electrically connected to the bias circuit through a through hole on the first insulating substrate to receive the second DC bias or the third DC bias provided by the bias circuit.

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