Process for preparation and use of alcohols from a Fischer Tropsch process
a technology of fischer tropsch and process, which is applied in the direction of liquid carbonaceous fuels, organic chemistry, fuels, etc., can solve the problems of poor engine performance, increased pollution, early replacement of engine parts, etc., and achieves low olefin content, good lubricity, and increased yield
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example 1
Identification of Catalysts for Ether Synthesis from Alcohols
[0044]The following batch experiment was used to identify preferred catalysts for conversion of alcohols into ethers. For each trial, 1.0 g of catalyst was charged to a 25 mL stainless steel pressure batch reactor equipped with a magnetic stirring bar. The reactor was evacuated and backfilled with nitrogen several times. The initial pressure in the reactor was set at 560 psig by adding nitrogen gas. While under nitrogen, 5 mL of 1-butanol was added. The reactor was then heated with stirring for 18 hours at 200° C. Upon heating, the pressure rose to approximately 200-250 psig. At the end of the heating period, the reactor was cooled to room temperature and then to dry ice temperature. Through a rubber septum 5 mL of n-hexane was added. Next, ˜2 g of n-heptane was accurately weighed in to serve as an internal standard. The product was then removed from the reactor and analyzed by gas chromatography.
[0045]Samples of various a...
experiment 2
Olefin Hydration
[0047]The flow-type microunits used in this study were equipped with a stainless steel fixed bed reactor and an on-line GC. The catalysts studied for 1-butene hydration are as follows: Alumina base from Condea Chemie, calcined in air at 950° F. for 4 hours, Zeolite Y (CBV 901, no binder), Zeolite Al-SSZ-33, Zeolite Al-SSZ-42, Amberlyst Resin XN-1010, and Amberlyst Resin 15
[0048]The zeolite catalysts (0.24-0.26 g=4.0 cc each) were crushed to 24-60 mesh and, prior to the reaction, dehydrated in a N2 flow (200 cc / min) at 662° F. (350° C.) overnight.
[0049]The products were analyzed with an on-line GC using a HP-1 capillary column and a Flame Ionization Detector (FID). The FID Response Factors (RF) for 1-butanol, di-n-butyl ether and hydrocarbons were determined by assuming hydrocarbon RF=1.
ComponentResponse Factor (RF)1-butanol1.4663di-n-butyl ether1.2626octane (as internal standard)1.0000
[0050]The response factors are defined so that:
Wi=Woctane×(Ai / Aoctane)×(RFi / RFoctan...
experiment 3
[0054]The following simple batch experiment can be used to identify catalysts useful for conversion of ethers into alcohols or olefins. Di-n-hexylether from Aldrich was used as a feedstock. Tests were performed at 200° C. using equipment and procedures described above.
[0055]Samples of various acidic catalysts were evaluated at 200° C. in this batch test with the following results. Catalysts were pelletized, crushed, and sized to 20 / 40 mesh. They were then calcined at 1100° F. in air. Catalyst samples (1 g) were charged to 25 mL metal batch reactors. The reactors were purged for 15 minutes with nitrogen gas at ambient pressure. Hexyl ether (5 g) and DI water (1 g) were added and the reactors sealed. The reactors were heated with stirring at 400 F for 24 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reactors and contents were cooled to dry ice temperature and opened. Heptane was added as a solvent and n-octane added as an internal standard for GC analysis. Products ...
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