Detection of micro-organisms

Abstract

Improved methods and devices for detecting microorganisms, such as yeast and bacteria in mixtures, are disclosed. Methods include passing a sample mixture thorough a filter device, which has been pretreated with detergent resuspending the filtrand from the filter membranes and detecting the presence of microorganisms in the filtrand.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 048,751, filed Jul. 3, 2002, which is a U.S. National filing under §371 of International Application No. PCT / GB00 / 03047, filed Aug. 7, 2002, claiming priority from British Application No. 9918513.4, filed Aug. 6, 1999, all of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof.TECHNICAL FIELD[0002]The present invention concerns improved methods for detecting micro-organisms particularly yeast and bacteria in mixtures (e.g. beer).BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]The production of foodstuff and beverages such as beer is accompanied by testing for the presence of certain micro-organisms in order to ensure the quality of the end-product. The brewing process may for example require in-line testing every few hours of a sample having a volume of at least 25 ml, and preferably sample volumes of for example 250 ml. Particulate matter which may include microorg...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0013]By pre-treating the membranes with a detergent (for example by flushing a detergent through them and optionally allowing them to dry afterwards) it has been found that the rate of flow of the mixture through the membranes is increased massively. This is particularly true when comparing dried detergent-treated membranes with dry untreated membranes. This increased flow rate ensures that micro-organisms are collected without causing their lysis or forcing them through the membranes.

[0015]The use of a plurality of hollow fibre filter membranes also provides a relatively large surface area (typically at least three times as much) across which filtration may take place, when compared to the surface area provided by a single device of similar overall dimensions (i.e. size) having a flat membrane. This also allows for the filtering of a relatively large volume of sample prior to any blockage of pores occurring. This is particularly useful with turbid samples (e.g. stout) which contain large amounts of particulate matter which can rapidly block flat filter membranes.

[0019]The ease of testing for micro-organisms using the methods and devices is supplemented by the speed of filtration—as can be seen from the experimental results below, the present invention allows for the recovery of particulate matter from a given volume of sample fluid in a fraction of the time required by other devices, and is frequently at least ten times as fast.

[0020]The present invention also provides the important advantage of providing consistent results for a given sample, even when a highly turbid mixture is being filtered—at least 99% consistency between different sets of results is readily achievable. This compares favourably to results obtained using flat membranes, which can be relatively inconsistent.

Problems solved by technology

Such devices allow the filtration of maximum sample volumes of only 100 ml, have a flat surface area of 50 cm2 and can take up to 30 minutes to test a sample due to their complexity of use.

Once their maximum volume has been filtered, they become blocked by particulate matter such as proteins present in the sample fluid (e.g. lager) and any subsequent filtration would require pressures so high as to cause cell lysis, preventing the detection of the microorganisms and giving false results.

This biscuit is difficult to remove and difficult to process to enable it to be tested for the presence of micro-organisms.

If operated at higher pressures, lysis of bacteria can occur, in turn giving incorrect results.

High pressure can also cause distortion of bacteria, allowing them to pass through the membrane and giving incorrect results.

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