Photovoltaic module

Abstract

A photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a laminate (10) and a junction box (20); the laminate (10) comprise: a front panel (110), a cell (120), a first fireproof film (130), a back panel (140) and a second fireproof film (150); the first fireproof film (130) is provided with a first through hole (131); the back panel (140) is provided with a second through hole (141); the second fireproof film (150) is provided with a third through hole (151); the first through hole (131), the second through hole (141) and the third through hole (151) are arranged corresponding to each other; the junction box (20) is arranged on the side of the second fireproof film (150) away from the back panel (140) and arranged at the third through hole (151); both the first fireproof film (130) and the second fireproof film (150) contain phosphorus elements.

Description

photovoltaic modules

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on December 2, 2024, application number 202411754863.8, entitled "Photovoltaic Module", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0004] In recent years, with the rapid growth of the photovoltaic industry, there have been countless fires caused by the combustion of photovoltaic modules. For example, the fire at the Apple factory in the United States was caused by the spontaneous combustion of photovoltaic modules on the roof. This fire caused unavoidable property damage and personal safety issues, and served as a wake-up call for the photovoltaic industry in various countries.

[0005] Various countries are increasingly imposing fire safety requirements on photovoltaic (PV) modules. For example, the UL-790 fire resistance test standard introduced in the North American market stipulates that PV modules must pass this test before they can be widely used. Because PV modules are directly integrated with buildings and are located close to people's living and working areas and materials, the fire hazards caused by PV module malfunctions or construction problems cannot be ignored. The safety of PV modules has become an urgent issue to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] According to various embodiments of this application, a photovoltaic module is provided.

[0007] A photovoltaic module includes a laminate and a junction box. The laminate includes, in descending order, a front panel, solar cells, a first fireproof film, a back panel, and a second fireproof film. The first fireproof film has a first through hole, the back panel has a second through hole, and the second fireproof film has a third through hole. The first, second, and third through holes are correspondingly arranged. The junction box is located on the side of the second fireproof film away from the back panel and is positioned at the third through hole. The junction box is connected to the solar cells via a busbar that passes through the first, second, and third through holes. Both the first and second fireproof films contain phosphorus.

[0008] In one embodiment, the front panel and the back panel are the same size and are correspondingly arranged, and the battery cell is sandwiched between the front panel and the back panel;

[0009] The area of ​​the first fireproof film is approximately the same as the area of ​​the back panel, and they are correspondingly arranged;

[0010] The area of ​​the second fireproof membrane is smaller than that of the first fireproof membrane, the orthographic projection of the junction box on the second fireproof membrane is located inside the second fireproof membrane, and the junction box does not extend from the edge of the second fireproof membrane.

[0011] In one embodiment, the laminate further includes a heat insulation layer disposed between the back panel and the second fireproof membrane, wherein the busbar located on the side of the back panel closer to the second fireproof membrane does not extend from the edge of the second fireproof membrane.

[0012] In one embodiment, the insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber or porous vacuum silicon.

[0013] In one embodiment, the heat insulation layer is provided with a fourth through hole, and the fourth through hole is provided corresponding to the first through hole. The busbar passes through the first through hole, the second through hole, the fourth through hole and the third through hole in sequence.

[0014] In one embodiment, the back panel includes a base layer and an aluminum foil layer stacked together. The base layer is connected to the first fireproof film, and the aluminum foil layer is connected to the second fireproof film. The second through hole includes a first hole penetrating the base layer and a second hole penetrating the aluminum foil layer.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first hole and the second hole are the same size and are correspondingly set, and the diameter of the second hole is 30mm to 100mm;

[0016] The laminate also includes a gasket, which is sandwiched between the aluminum foil layer and the second fireproof film. The gasket has a fifth through hole, and the orthographic projection of the edge of the second through hole on the gasket is located between the edge of the gasket and the edge of the fifth through hole.

[0017] The busbar is sequentially inserted through the first through hole, the second through hole, the fifth through hole, and the third through hole.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first hole and the second hole are provided correspondingly, and the diameter of the second hole is 30mm to 100mm.

[0019] The orthographic projection of the edge of the first hole onto the aluminum foil layer is located inside the second hole.

[0020] In one embodiment, the aluminum foil layer has a weather-resistant coating on the side of its surface away from the base layer;

[0021] And / or, the surface of the base layer away from the aluminum foil layer is provided with a weather-resistant coating.

[0022] In one embodiment, the back panel is glass with a thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm; and / or, the front panel is glass with a thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm.

[0023] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description. Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become apparent from the specification, drawings, and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To better describe and illustrate embodiments and / or examples of the inventions disclosed herein, reference may be made to one or more accompanying drawings. Additional details or examples used to describe the drawings should not be considered as limiting the scope of any of the disclosed inventions, the currently described embodiments and / or examples, or the best mode of these inventions as currently understood.

[0025] Figure 1 is an exploded view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 is an exploded view of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the second fireproof film and the heat insulation layer according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a gasket according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the back panel of an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a busbar according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Reference numerals: 10, laminate; 110, front panel; 120, battery cell; 130, first fireproof membrane; 131, first through hole; 140, back panel; 1401, base layer; 1402, aluminum foil layer; 1403, weather-resistant coating; 141, second through hole; 1411, first hole; 1412, second hole; 150, second fireproof membrane; 151, third through hole; 160, heat insulation layer; 161, fourth through hole; 170, gasket; 171, fifth through hole; 20, junction box; 30, busbar. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application's specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6. This application provides a photovoltaic module, which includes a laminate 10 and a junction box 20. The laminate 10 includes a front panel 110, solar cells 120, a first fireproof film 130, a back panel 140, and a second fireproof film 150 stacked from top to bottom. The first fireproof film 130 has a first through hole 131, the back panel 140 has a second through hole 141, and the second fireproof film 150 has a third through hole 150. Hole 151, first through hole 131, second through hole 141 and third through hole 151 are respectively provided. Junction box 20 is provided on the side of second fireproof film 150 away from back panel 140 and is provided at third through hole 151. Junction box 20 is connected to battery cell 120 through busbar 30. Busbar 30 passes through first through hole 131, second through hole 141 and third through hole 151. Both first fireproof film 130 and second fireproof film 150 contain phosphorus.

[0038] Understandably, since both the first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150 contain phosphorus, when they are burned by flames, the phosphorus-containing compounds decompose at high temperatures, forming compounds such as phosphorus pentoxide. These compounds can isolate oxygen, form an oxide protective layer, and inhibit combustion, making it difficult for the flames to burn through the photovoltaic module. Secondly, the phosphorus contained in the first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150 can release non-flammable gases when they decompose. These gases can dilute the surrounding flammable gases and reduce the spread of the flames. Moreover, the phosphorus-containing compounds in the first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150 also absorb a large amount of heat during the decomposition process, which can lower the temperature of the surrounding environment and slow down the combustion reaction, thereby preventing the flames from burning through the photovoltaic module.

[0039] Furthermore, the second fireproof film 150 is sandwiched between the back panel 140 and the junction box 20. Building upon the first fireproof film 130's ability to prevent flames from burning through the laminate 10, the first fireproof film 130 provides the first layer of protection for the junction box 20. The second fireproof film 150, located between the back panel 140 and the junction box 20, enhances the heat insulation and flame retardant capabilities of the junction box 20, preventing the heat transferred from combustion from directly melting and dislodging the junction box 20. The second fireproof film 150 provides a second layer of protection for the junction box 20, thereby ensuring the safety of the photovoltaic module and giving it fire-resistant properties.

[0040] It is understood that the battery cell 120 and the junction box 20 are located on opposite sides of the back panel 140, respectively. The busbar 30 passes through the first through hole 131, the second through hole 141, and the third through hole 151. One end of the busbar 30 is connected to the battery cell 120 by welding or bonding, and the other end of the busbar 30 is connected to the junction box 20. In other words, the busbar 30 electrically connects the battery cell 120 and the junction box 20. The first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150 divide the busbar 30 into a portion located between the battery cell 120 and the back panel 140, a portion located between the first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150, and a portion located between the back panel 140 and the junction box 20. When a fire occurs on one side of the solar cell 120, the first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150 prevent the flame and the heat generated by the flame from being transferred along the busbar 30 to the junction box 20. Similarly, when a fire occurs on one side of the junction box 20, the first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150 prevent the flame and the heat generated by the flame from being transferred along the busbar 30 to the solar cell 120. In this way, the first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150 can protect the busbar 30, prevent the flame from burning the busbar 30, and prevent the flame and the heat generated by the flame from being transferred between the junction box 20 and the solar cell 120 through the busbar 30, thereby preventing the photovoltaic module from being burned through and preventing the photovoltaic module from causing a major fire.

[0041] It should be explained that the first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150 can be made of the same material, thus simplifying the procurement process and the production process of the laminate 10. Illustratively, the first fireproof film 130 and the second fireproof film 150 can be adhesive films, possessing inherent adhesiveness, allowing them to be bonded to the back panel 140. This simplifies the manufacturing of the laminate 10, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0042] Furthermore, the first through hole 131, the second through hole 141, and the third through hole 151 can be circular, square, elliptical, or other shapes. The first through hole 131, the second through hole 141, and the third through hole 151 can have the same shape or different shapes, and their sizes can be the same or different, as long as the busbar 30 can pass through them. This application does not impose any limitations in this regard.

[0043] In one embodiment, the front panel 110 and the back panel 140 are the same size and are correspondingly arranged, with the solar cell 120 sandwiched between the front panel 110 and the back panel 140; the area of ​​the first fireproof film 130 is approximately the same as the area of ​​the back panel 140 and is correspondingly arranged. That is, the back panel 140 is almost entirely covered and protected by the first fireproof film 130. The first fireproof film 130 can prevent flames from the front panel 110 side from spreading to the back panel 140 side, and at the same time, it can also prevent flames from the back panel 140 side from spreading to the front panel 110 side. Thus, the first fireproof film 130 provides a larger and more comprehensive protection for the laminate 10, and can better prevent the laminate 10 from being burned through by flames, thereby improving the fire resistance of the photovoltaic module.

[0044] Furthermore, the area of ​​the second fireproof membrane 150 is smaller than that of the first fireproof membrane 130. The orthographic projection of the junction box 20 onto the second fireproof membrane 150 is located within the second fireproof membrane 150, and the junction box 20 does not extend from the edge of the second fireproof membrane 150. In other words, the side of the junction box 20 closest to the back panel 140 is entirely within the range of the second fireproof membrane 150, thus providing a second layer of protection for the junction box 20. This saves on the second fireproof membrane 150, thereby reducing production costs.

[0045] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 2 and 3, the photovoltaic module further includes a heat insulation layer 160 (shown by the dotted line in Figure 3). The heat insulation layer 160 is disposed between the back panel 140 and the second fireproof film 150. This further prevents the heat transferred by the flame from directly melting and detaching the junction box 20, thus further enhancing the heat insulation and flame retardant capabilities of the junction box 20. This improves the safety of the photovoltaic module.

[0046] Furthermore, the busbar 30 located on the back panel 140 near the second fireproof film 150 does not extend from the edge of the second fireproof film 150. In other words, the second fireproof film 150 covers the busbar 30 on the back panel 140 near the second fireproof film 150, adhering it to the side of the back panel 140 away from the battery cell 120. Thus, the second fireproof film 150 can protect the busbar 30.

[0047] Schematic illustration: The insulation layer 160 has an opening corresponding to the second through hole 141, through which the busbar 30 passes, thereby preventing the busbar 30 from protruding from the edge of the second fireproof membrane 150. In this way, the insulation layer 160 can provide protection for both the junction box 20 and the busbar 30. Alternatively, the insulation layer 160 may not have an opening, and the busbar 30 may bypass the insulation layer 160 from one side, as long as the busbar 30 does not protrude from the edge of the second fireproof membrane 150. In this way, the insulation layer 160 can provide a third layer of protection for the junction box 20.

[0048] Furthermore, the insulation layer 160 is made of ceramic fiber. Ceramic fiber, also known as refractory fiber paper, is a man-made inorganic non-metallic fiber material. It is a glassy phase or crystalline binary compound mainly composed of alumina and silicon dioxide, thus enabling it to withstand high temperatures. However, ceramic fiber has poor heat transfer capabilities. Because the fibers lack a clear directionality during interweaving, heat transfer primarily occurs along the fiber direction. Additionally, the contact between the fibers and the heat source is rarely perpendicular, making rapid heat transfer difficult. Furthermore, the fiber contact points can reach 80%, further increasing the thermal resistance. Since ceramic fiber is opaque, heat rays cannot pass through the fibers, and the small fiber area results in minimal radiation reception, meaning heat radiation is essentially not transferred along the fibers. Moreover, ceramic fiber contains a large amount of gas, primarily located in the air chambers formed by the interweaving of fibers. These chambers are filled with still air, which has poor heat transfer capabilities, effectively hindering the intrusion of hot air currents. These air chambers not only have poor heat transfer performance, but also further enhance the refractory effect of ceramic fibers.

[0049] Therefore, ceramic fibers are suitable for high-temperature environments, and refractory fibers have low thermal conductivity, which can effectively prevent heat transfer. Porous vacuum silicon material is used as the heat insulation layer 160 and is placed at the junction box 20. In this way, the junction box 20 can be isolated from the temperature brought by the flame combustion, preventing the junction box 20 temperature from rising to the melting point, thereby avoiding the junction box 20 from melting and falling off.

[0050] Furthermore, the insulation layer 160 is made of porous vacuum silicon. Porous vacuum silicon is composed of nano-silica, silicates, and other additives. Due to its unique microstructure and material properties, porous vacuum silicon exhibits extremely high porosity and extremely low thermal conductivity. The pore size of porous vacuum silicon ranges from 10nm to 40nm, smaller than that of air molecules with a mean free path of 68nm. This prevents collisions between molecules within the pores, resulting in superior insulation performance. The high porosity of porous vacuum silicon achieves a vacuum-like effect, further enhancing its insulation properties. Simultaneously, the thermal conductivity of porous vacuum silicon is 0.012W / m·K, effectively preventing heat transfer. Using porous vacuum silicon as the insulation layer 160 effectively isolates heat transfer during flame combustion, preventing the junction box 20 from reaching its melting point and thus avoiding the melting and detachment of the wiring.

[0051] In one embodiment, the heat insulation layer 160 is provided with a fourth through hole 161, which corresponds to the first through hole 131. The busbar 30 is sequentially inserted through the first through hole 131, the second through hole 141, the fourth through hole 161, and the third through hole 151. This simplifies the manufacturing of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving production efficiency and saving costs.

[0052] In one embodiment, the back panel 140 includes a base layer 1401 and an aluminum foil layer 1402 stacked together. The base layer 1401 is connected to a first fireproof film 130, and the aluminum foil layer 1402 is connected to a second fireproof film 150. The second through-hole 141 includes a first hole 1411 penetrating the base layer 1401 and a second hole 1412 penetrating the aluminum foil layer 1402. This simplifies the fabrication of both the back panel 140 and the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the back panel 140, composed of the base layer 1401 and the aluminum foil layer 1402, exhibits significantly improved strength and hardness compared to other backsheets, providing better protection for the solar cells 120 during the high-temperature lamination process. Simultaneously, the aluminum foil layer 1402 has a high melting point and is not easily flammable. Therefore, the back panel 140, composed of the base layer 1401 and the aluminum foil layer 1402, not only provides excellent flame retardancy but also has lower water vapor permeability, making it suitable for the fire protection requirements of photovoltaic modules.

[0053] In one embodiment, the first hole 1411 and the second hole 1412 are the same size and are correspondingly arranged. The second hole 1412 is a circular hole with a diameter of 30mm to 100mm. It is understood that the busbar 30 passes through the second hole 1412, and the aluminum foil layer 1402 is conductive. If the diameter of the second hole 1412 is less than 30mm, the creepage distance between the busbar 30 and the edge of the second hole 1412 of the aluminum foil layer 1402 will be too small, and the current will break down the aluminum foil layer 1402 and the back panel 140, causing leakage. If the diameter of the second hole 1412 is greater than 100mm, it will affect the support of the back panel 140 for the battery cell 120 and the fireproof and heat-resistant performance of the back panel 140. Therefore, in this embodiment, the diameter of the second hole 1412 is set to be 30mm to 100mm. In this way, it can be ensured that the current in the busbar 30 will not break through the foil layer and the back panel 140, nor will it affect the fire resistance performance of the back panel 140. Illustratively, the diameter of the second hole 1412 can also be 30mm, 50mm, 60mm, or any combination of these values. This application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0054] Furthermore, referring to Figure 4, the photovoltaic module also includes a spacer 170, which is sandwiched between the aluminum foil layer 1402 and the second fireproof film 150. The spacer 170 has a fifth through hole 171. The orthographic projection of the edge of the second through hole 141 (shown by the dotted line in Figure 4) onto the spacer 170 is located between the edge of the spacer 170 and the edge of the fifth through hole 171. The busbar 30 (not shown in Figure 4) is sequentially inserted through the first through hole 131, the second through hole 141, the fifth through hole 171, and the third through hole 151. In this way, excessive exposure of the busbar 30 in the second through hole 141 can be prevented, reducing the risk of leakage and thus improving the safety of the photovoltaic module.

[0055] Furthermore, the fifth through hole 171 is a circular hole with a diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm. This prevents excessive protrusion of the manifold 30 from the second through hole 141. Schematic, the diameter of the fifth through hole 171 can also be 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, or any combination of these values. This application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0056] Furthermore, there are two gaskets 170. One gasket 170 is sandwiched between the aluminum foil layer 1402 and the second fireproof film 150, and the other gasket 170 is sandwiched between the base layer 1401 and the first fireproof film 130. The busbar 30 is sequentially inserted through the first through hole 131, a fifth through hole 171, a second through hole 141, another fifth through hole 171, and a third through hole 151. In this way, the current in the busbar 30 can be further prevented from breaking through the foil layer and the back panel 140, thereby improving the safety of the photovoltaic module.

[0057] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic module further includes a frame for fixing the laminate 10, the frame being made of a non-conductive polymer. Since the backsheet includes an aluminum foil layer 1402, which is conductive, if the frame were made of aluminum or other conductive materials, current would be conducted to the frame, causing leakage. In this embodiment, the frame uses a non-conductive polymer, which can isolate current and prevent leakage from the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the polymer frame is co-extruded and injection molded from polyurethane and glass fiber materials, and the frame surface uses nylon as a coating, combined with an anti-slip design. This effectively solves the problem of slippage during photovoltaic module production, avoids damage to the laminate 10 caused by friction between the frames, and also eliminates the need for paper corner protectors during packaging, reducing packaging costs.

[0058] In one embodiment, a first hole 1411 and a second hole 1412 are correspondingly provided, and the orthographic projection of the edge of the first hole 1411 onto the aluminum foil layer 1402 is located inside the second hole 1412. That is, the first hole 1411 is smaller than the second hole 1412. The second hole 1412 ensures a suitable creepage distance between the busbar 30 and the edge of the second hole 1412, preventing the aluminum foil layer 1402 from being punctured. Since the first hole 1411 is smaller than the second hole 1412, the gasket 170 is eliminated, and excessive exposure of the busbar 30 through the second hole 1412 is prevented, reducing the risk of leakage and thus improving the safety of the photovoltaic module.

[0059] In one embodiment, referring to FIG5, a weather-resistant coating 1403 is provided on the surface of the aluminum foil layer 1402 away from the base layer 1401. It is understood that the weather-resistant coating 1403 can improve the aluminum foil layer 1402's resistance to temperature, light, wind, rain, bacteria, etc. Thus, the weather-resistant coating 1403 can not only improve the fire resistance of the back panel 140, but also extend the service life of the back panel 140 and the laminate 10.

[0060] In one embodiment, a weather-resistant coating 1403 is provided on the surface of the base layer 1401 away from the aluminum foil layer 1402. As described above, the weather-resistant coating 1403 can improve the resistance of the aluminum foil layer 1402 to temperature, light, wind and rain, bacteria, etc. Thus, the weather-resistant coating 1403 can not only improve the fire resistance of the back panel 140, but also extend the service life of the back panel 140 and the service life of the laminate 10.

[0061] In one embodiment, the front panel 110 is glass, and its thickness is 2mm to 6mm. It is understood that if the glass thickness of the front panel 110 is less than 2mm, it is prone to breakage; if the thickness of the front panel 110 is greater than 6mm, it will increase the weight of the laminate 10 and affect the light transmission of the solar cell 120. Therefore, a thickness of 2mm to 6mm for the front panel 110 is suitable. By setting the thickness of the front panel 110 to 2mm to 6mm, the mechanical strength of the front panel 110 is improved, making it less prone to breakage, thereby increasing the fire resistance of the photovoltaic module. Illustratively, the thickness of the front panel 110 can also be 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, or any combination of these values. This application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0062] In one embodiment, the back panel 140 is glass, and its thickness is 2 mm to 6 mm. As described above, setting the thickness of the front panel 110 to 2 mm to 6 mm not only improves the mechanical strength of the back panel 140, making it less prone to breakage and increasing the fire resistance of the photovoltaic module, but also reduces the production cost of the photovoltaic module. Illustratively, the thickness of the back panel 140 can also be 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, or any combination of these values. This application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0063] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0064] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The device includes a laminate and a junction box. The laminate includes, in descending order, a front panel, a battery cell, a first fireproof film, a back panel, and a second fireproof film. The first fireproof film has a first through hole, the back panel has a second through hole, and the second fireproof film has a third through hole. The first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole are correspondingly arranged. The junction box is located on the side of the second fireproof film away from the back panel and is located at the third through hole. The junction box is connected to the battery cell via a busbar, which passes through the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole. Both the first fireproof membrane and the second fireproof membrane contain phosphorus.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein, The front panel and the back panel are the same size and are arranged correspondingly, and the battery cell is sandwiched between the front panel and the back panel; The area of ​​the first fireproof film is approximately the same as the area of ​​the back panel, and they are correspondingly arranged; The area of ​​the second fireproof membrane is smaller than that of the first fireproof membrane, the orthographic projection of the junction box on the second fireproof membrane is located inside the second fireproof membrane, and the junction box does not extend from the edge of the second fireproof membrane.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein, The laminate also includes a heat insulation layer, which is disposed between the back panel and the second fireproof membrane. The busbar located on the side of the back panel closer to the second fireproof membrane does not extend from the edge of the second fireproof membrane.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein, The insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber or porous vacuum silicon.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein, The heat insulation layer is provided with a fourth through hole, and the fourth through hole is provided in correspondence with the first through hole. The busbar is sequentially inserted through the first through hole, the second through hole, the fourth through hole and the third through hole.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein, The back panel includes a base layer and an aluminum foil layer stacked together. The base layer is connected to the first fireproof film, and the aluminum foil layer is connected to the second fireproof film. The second through hole includes a first hole penetrating the base layer and a second hole penetrating the aluminum foil layer.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein, The first hole and the second hole are the same size and are set accordingly, and the diameter of the second hole is 30mm to 100mm; The laminate also includes a gasket, which is sandwiched between the aluminum foil layer and the second fireproof film. The gasket has a fifth through hole, and the orthographic projection of the edge of the second through hole on the gasket is located between the edge of the gasket and the edge of the fifth through hole. The busbar is sequentially inserted through the first through hole, the second through hole, the fifth through hole, and the third through hole.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein, The first hole and the second hole are provided correspondingly, and the diameter of the second hole is 30mm to 100mm. The orthographic projection of the edge of the first hole onto the aluminum foil layer is located inside the second hole.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein, The aluminum foil layer has a weather-resistant coating on the side of its surface away from the base layer; And / or, the surface of the base layer away from the aluminum foil layer is provided with a weather-resistant coating.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein, The back panel is made of glass and has a thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm; and / or the front panel is made of glass and has a thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm.

Images