Radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection-based cold and hot central air conditioning system

Abstract

A radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection-based cold and hot central air conditioning system, comprising a compressor (3), a liquid storage device (4), an indoor unit (1) and an outdoor unit (2) connected in sequence, wherein the outdoor unit (2) comprises a radiation heat collector (20); the radiation heat collector (20) comprises a protective plate (200), a heat absorption plate (201), and a plate core (202); the heat absorption plate (201) is located between the plate core (202) and the protective plate (200); the plate core (202) comprises a heat exchange medium inlet end (204) and a heat exchange medium outlet end (205); and the heat absorption plate (201) is used for transferring absorbed heat to a heat exchange medium circulating in the plate core (202). The heat absorption plate (201) collects heat, and then transfers the heat to the heat exchange medium flowing in the plate core (202); and the heat exchange medium carrying the heat is compressed by the compressor (3), and then enters the indoor unit (1) for heat exchange. As long as the the radiation heat collector (20) is equipped with light of the corresponding wavelength and a temperature difference, the radiation heat collector (20) can collect heat by means of optical radiation or temperature difference radiation.

Description

A central air conditioning system based on radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of air conditioning, and in particular to a central air conditioning system for cooling and heating based on radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection. Background Art

[0002] Air conditioning energy consumption accounts for a significant proportion of building energy consumption. Air conditioning is frequently used during the winter and summer months. In today's energy-scarce world, with high energy consumption and prominent environmental pollution, energy conservation and emission reduction are essential for sustainable social development. Naturally, we live in abundant solar energy resources. Leveraging these renewable energy resources for our daily lives and production can significantly alleviate energy shortages and high energy consumption, making this a topic worthy of exploration and research.

[0003] Furthermore, in high-rise buildings, whether using Freon or ammonia as a refrigerant, the high density, viscosity, and low pressure differential of these refrigerants limit their use due to the small installation height difference between indoor and outdoor units and the short piping distance. Existing heating and cooling systems, however, cannot generate enough pressure to deliver refrigerant directly to high-rise rooms for cooling and heating. Water, the cheapest medium, must be used to assist in the energy transfer, transporting the cooling or heating generated by the heating and cooling systems to the high-rise air-conditioned rooms. This requires high-power water pumps, which consume a lot of electricity. Furthermore, existing Freon and ammonia air conditioners have always suffered from high energy consumption when used for heating.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a central air-conditioning system based on radiant heat dissipation and radiant heat collection that can provide both cooling and heating, has high efficiency and low energy consumption.

[0006] The present invention provides a central air conditioning system for cooling and heating based on radiant heat dissipation and radiant heat collection, and its technical solution is as follows:

[0007] A central air-conditioning system for cooling and heating based on radiant heat dissipation and radiant heat collection comprises a compressor, a liquid storage tank, an indoor unit and an outdoor unit connected in sequence, the outdoor unit comprises a radiant heat collector, the radiant heat collector comprises a protective plate, a heat absorbing plate and a plate core, the heat absorbing plate is located between the plate core and the protective plate, the plate core comprises a heat exchange medium inlet end and a heat exchange medium outlet end, the heat absorbing plate is used to transfer the absorbed heat to the heat exchange medium circulating in the plate core.

[0008] Preferably, the board core is arranged close to the heat absorbing plate; glass wool is arranged on the other side of the board core; and the heat absorbing plate is a solar heat collecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the protective plate is tempered glass; the plate core is a serpentine coil; and the heat collection module is composed of multiple radiation collectors connected in series.

[0010] Preferably, the radiation heat collector further comprises a heat exchanger consisting of copper tubes and fins.

[0011] Preferably, the indoor unit includes a heat exchange medium circulation pipeline arranged in a high-rise building, the high-rise building includes multiple indoor spaces, and the indoor spaces are provided with indoor heat exchangers. The inlet end and / or outlet end of each indoor heat exchanger is provided with a first throttle valve, and a second throttle valve is provided on the pipeline of each floor of the building.

[0012] Preferably, the outdoor unit includes a flash heat exchanger, which is arranged in parallel with the radiation collector. A first solenoid valve is provided on the pipe of the radiation collector, and a second solenoid valve is provided on the pipe of the flash heat exchanger.

[0013] Preferably, the flash heat exchanger includes a shell, a heat exchange unit, a water atomization device, a fan and a heat exchange medium circulation pipe, the fan is arranged outside the shell to form a negative pressure inside the shell; the heat exchange unit and the water atomization device are arranged inside the shell, and the coil inside the heat exchange unit is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the water atomization device is provided with a controller for controlling the opening or closing of the water atomization device, and the controller is connected to a control center. The control center can randomly select the water atomization device that needs to be opened or closed according to a random function based on the set time and the set opening ratio of the water atomization device.

[0015] Preferably, the heat exchange unit further comprises heat exchange fins, and the coil is passed through the heat exchange fins;

[0016] The water atomization device includes an ultrasonic atomizer and a water tank, wherein the ultrasonic atomizer is arranged in the water tank;

[0017] A plurality of drawer-type heat exchange units are stacked to form a heat exchanger, and the shell is a closed shell;

[0018] The compressor and the liquid receiver are arranged in one cabinet; the flash heat exchanger is also arranged in another cabinet.

[0019] Preferably, the central air-conditioning system further comprises a first four-way reversing valve and a second four-way reversing valve, wherein the four interfaces of the first four-way reversing valve are respectively connected to the compressor suction end, the compressor exhaust end, the outdoor unit, and the indoor unit; the four interfaces of the second four-way reversing valve are respectively connected to the outdoor unit, the liquid inlet of the liquid reservoir, the liquid outlet of the liquid reservoir, and the indoor unit;

[0020] A one-way valve is provided on the pipeline between the liquid storage device and the second four-way reversing valve; a third throttle valve is provided on the pipeline between the outdoor unit and the second four-way reversing valve;

[0021] The central air-conditioning system is a single-stage carbon dioxide circulation system that uses carbon dioxide as the single circulating working fluid.

[0022] The implementation of the present invention includes the following technical effects:

[0023] The present invention utilizes both radiative heat dissipation and radiative heat collection in a central air conditioning system. Heat is collected by a heat-absorbing plate and then transferred to a heat exchange medium flowing through the plate core. The heat-carrying heat exchange medium is compressed by a compressor and then enters the indoor unit for heat exchange. Any object has the ability to continuously radiate, absorb, and emit electromagnetic waves. As long as light of the corresponding wavelength is present, the radiative heat collector can collect heat through optical radiation or temperature differential radiation. This central air conditioning system can also provide heating at ultra-low temperatures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a central air-conditioning system for cooling and heating based on radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation collector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of line AA in FIG2 .

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the core structure.

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the flash heat exchanger structure.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Indoor unit; 10. Indoor heat exchanger; 11. First throttle valve; 12. Second throttle valve; 2. Outdoor unit; 20. Radiant collector; 200. Protective plate; 201. Heat absorbing plate; 202. Plate core; 203. Glass wool; 204. Heat exchange medium inlet; 205. Heat exchange medium outlet; 206. First solenoid valve; 21. Flash heat exchanger; 210. Shell; 211. Heat exchange unit; 212. Water atomizing device; 213. Fan; 214. Heat exchange medium circulation pipe; 217. Second solenoid valve; 3. Compressor; 4. Liquid storage tank; 5. First four-way reversing valve; 6. Second four-way reversing valve; 7. Third throttle valve; 8. One-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments and drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and do not have any limiting effect on the present invention.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1, the hot and cold central air-conditioning system based on radiant heat dissipation and radiant heat collection provided in this embodiment includes a compressor 3, a liquid storage tank 4, an indoor unit 1 and an outdoor unit 2 connected in sequence. As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the outdoor unit 2 includes a radiant heat collector 20, and the radiant heat collector 20 includes a protective plate 200, a heat absorbing plate 201 and a plate core 202. The heat absorbing plate 201 is located between the plate core 202 and the protective plate 200. The plate core 202 includes a heat exchange medium inlet end 204 and a heat exchange medium outlet end 205. The heat absorbing plate 201 transfers the collected heat to the heat exchange medium circulating in the plate core 202. The plate core 202 is arranged closely to the heat absorbing plate 201, and the protective plate 200 is used to protect the heat absorbing plate 201. After collecting heat, the heat absorbing plate 201 directly transfers the heat to the heat exchange medium flowing in the plate core 202. The heat exchange medium carrying heat is compressed by the compressor 3 and then enters the indoor unit 1 for heat exchange. Directly exchanging heat between the heat exchange medium of the central air conditioner and the heat absorbing plate is one of the inventive points of this embodiment.

[0032] Specifically, the protective plate 200 is made of tempered glass, which has good light transmittance. The heat absorbing plate 201 can be a solar collector. Glass wool 203 is provided on the other side of the plate core 202. The glass wool 203 can provide insulation and reduce the heat exchange between the heat-carrying heat exchange medium and the outside world. As shown in Figure 4, the plate core 202 is a serpentine coil, which can increase the heat exchange area between the plate core 202 and the heat absorbing plate 201. The heat collection module is composed of multiple radiation collectors 20 connected in series. Any object has the ability to continuously radiate, absorb, and emit electromagnetic waves. With the development of technology, the preferred solar collector is able to collect heat from light radiation as long as there is light of the corresponding wavelength. The central air conditioning system of this embodiment can also provide heating at ultra-low temperatures. Optionally, the radiation collector also includes a heat exchanger composed of copper tubes and fins, which collects heat from the air through the fins; when there is a temperature difference between the outside air and the heat exchange medium, the air heat can be collected through the fins.

[0033] As shown in Figure 1, the indoor unit 1 includes a heat exchange medium circulation pipeline installed in a high-rise building. The high-rise building has a layered structure, and each floor includes multiple indoor spaces. Indoor heat exchangers 10 are installed in the indoor spaces. The indoor heat exchangers 10 are arranged in parallel or in series. A first throttle valve 11 is provided at the inlet and / or outlet of each indoor heat exchanger 10, and a second throttle valve 12 is provided on the pipeline of each floor of the building; the first throttle valve 11 and the second throttle valve 12 are preferably an electronic expansion valve group, which adjusts the terminal refrigeration temperature by adjusting the suction pressure of the compressor 3 and the opening of the electronic expansion valve, and the temperature adjustment range can reach -25°C to 30°C.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1 , to achieve switching between cooling and heating, the central air conditioning system further includes a first four-way reversing valve 5 and a second four-way reversing valve 6 . The four ports of the first four-way reversing valve 5 are respectively connected to the suction end and discharge end of the compressor 3 , the outdoor unit 2 , and the indoor unit 1 ; the four ports of the second four-way reversing valve 6 are respectively connected to the outdoor unit 2 , the liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid reservoir 4 , and the indoor unit 1 . Figure 1 is a connection diagram in heating mode. In heating mode, the first four-way reversing valve 5 connects the discharge end of the compressor 3 to the indoor unit 1 , and connects the outdoor unit 2 to the suction end of the compressor 3 ; the second four-way reversing valve 6 connects the outdoor unit 2 to the liquid reservoir 4 , and connects the liquid reservoir 4 to the indoor unit 1 . The heat exchange medium flows sequentially through the compressor 3 , the first four-way reversing valve 5 , the indoor unit 1 , the liquid reservoir 4 , the second four-way reversing valve 6 , and the outdoor unit 2 , achieving heating. In cooling mode, the first four-way reversing valve 5 connects the exhaust end of the compressor 3 to the outlet end of the outdoor unit 2, and connects the outlet end of the indoor unit 1 to the intake end of the compressor 3. The second four-way reversing valve 6 connects the outlet end of the outdoor unit 2 to the inlet end of the liquid reservoir 4, and connects the outlet end of the liquid reservoir 4 to the inlet end of the indoor unit 1. The heat exchange medium flows through the compressor 3, the first four-way reversing valve 5, the outdoor heat exchanger, the second four-way reversing valve 6, the liquid reservoir 4, and the indoor heat exchanger 10 in sequence to complete the cooling. Specifically, a one-way valve 8 is provided on the pipeline between the liquid reservoir 4 and the second four-way reversing valve 6. The one-way valve 8 can only flow in one direction and also has a pressure regulating function, which can keep the pressure in the central air conditioner within an appropriate range at all times, ensuring efficient operation of the system. A third throttle valve 7, preferably an electronic expansion valve, is provided on the pipeline between the outdoor unit 2 and the second four-way reversing valve 6, which has a throttling and pressure reduction function.

[0035] Outdoor unit 2 also includes a flash heat exchanger 21, which is arranged in parallel with the radiant heat collector 20. A first solenoid valve 206 is installed on the pipeline of radiant heat collector 20 to control whether the heat exchange medium flows through radiant heat collector 20. A second solenoid valve 217 is installed on the pipeline of flash heat exchanger 21 to control whether the heat exchange medium flows through flash heat exchanger 21. During summer cooling operation, second solenoid valve 217 is opened, first solenoid valve 206 is closed, and flash heat exchanger 21 is used to dissipate heat. During winter heating operation, second solenoid valve 217 can be closed, first solenoid valve 206 is opened, and radiant heat collector 20 is used for heating.

[0036] The sun radiates energy outward in the form of electromagnetic waves. The central air conditioning system of this embodiment, based on radiant heat dissipation and radiant heat collection, can utilize solar energy for heating when there is sufficient sunlight, which is environmentally friendly. When sunlight is insufficient, the radiant heat collector can also collect some heat through thermal radiation. Air energy collectors can also be used to collect heat. The flash heat exchanger 21 can also be activated to extract heat, ensuring heating needs. Using a radiant heat collector or a flash heat exchanger, the heating efficiency of the central air conditioner is greatly improved through light energy radiation collection, temperature difference radiation collection, and droplet radiation collection within the flash heat exchanger. During cooling, a flash heat exchanger is used to remove indoor heat through radiant heat dissipation between the heat exchange medium and the droplets.

[0037] The heat exchange medium can be selected from freon, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and other media. This embodiment preferably uses carbon dioxide as the cooling and heating medium for the central air conditioning system. Using carbon dioxide as a circulating working fluid offers the advantages of large pressure differential, good fluidity, low density, and transcritical phase transition, making it suitable for use in high-rise buildings. The indoor heat exchange medium circulation piping is connected to a single-stage carbon dioxide circulation system using carbon dioxide as the sole circulating working fluid. Single-stage refers to the distinction between a cascade system and a single-stage system, where only carbon dioxide is circulated, without the need for a cascade system. The multi-unit central air conditioning system of this embodiment uses carbon dioxide as the working fluid, enabling cooling or heating to higher floors vertically. It can circulate over longer distances on flat floors, thus operating more indoor units. By controlling the suction pressure of compressor 3, the evaporating temperature can be controlled, for example, between 6 and 10 degrees Celsius, resulting in a better perceived temperature. Compared to traditional air conditioners, the central air conditioning system of this embodiment is more efficient and energy-efficient, with efficiency increasing by more than 2 times and energy savings exceeding 50%.

[0038] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the flash heat exchanger 21 includes a housing 210, a heat exchange unit 211, a water atomization device 212, a fan 213, and a heat exchange medium circulation pipe 214. The fan 213 is arranged outside the housing 210 to form a negative pressure within the housing 210; the heat exchange unit 211 and multiple independent water atomization devices 212 are arranged within the housing 210; specifically, the coils within the heat exchange unit 211 are connected to the heat exchange medium circulation pipe 214. The heat exchange unit 211 may also include heat exchange fins, and the coils are installed on the heat exchange fins. The water atomization device 212 is provided with a controller that controls whether the water atomization device 212 is turned on or off, and the controller is connected to the control center. The control center can randomly select the water atomizer 212 to be opened or closed according to a random function based on a set time (e.g., 1 second to 200 seconds) and a set opening ratio of the water atomizer 212 (e.g., 10% to 90% of the water atomizer 212 is perforated). The opening or closing of each water atomizer 212 is random, achieving a uniform distribution of the atomized liquid within the housing 210. During actual operation, when heating is only required by opening 50% of the spray heads, the current practice is to close all the water atomizers 212. If this is done, the atomized liquid within the housing 210 will inevitably be unevenly distributed, affecting the heat exchange effect. Manually closing some of the water atomizers 212 is inconvenient. In this embodiment, the control center can be set to randomly close some of the water atomizers 212 at regular intervals (e.g., 30 seconds) (using an existing random controller). This ensures that each water atomizer 212 has the same probability of being randomly opened or closed, and the atomized liquid within the housing 210 is always uniform.

[0039] The water atomizer 212 is used to atomize the liquid. The atomized liquid diffuses around the heat exchange unit 211. Under the action of negative pressure, the liquid particles complete radiative heat exchange with the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange unit 211, and are then drawn out of the housing 210 by the fan 213. The water atomizer 212 is preferably an ultrasonic atomizer, which is disposed in the water tank.

[0040] A plurality of heat exchange units 211 arranged in a drawer-like manner are stacked to form a heat exchanger, which is convenient for installation and maintenance. When a heat exchange unit 211 is broken, the broken heat exchange unit 211 can be disassembled for repair or replacement. Preferably, the shell 210 is a closed shell, and the fan 213 can form a set negative pressure value in the closed shell 210 to achieve more efficient heat exchange. The exhaust volume of the fan 213 is greater than the evaporation volume of the atomized liquid in the shell 210. On the one hand, it can fully discharge the steam in the shell 210 and improve the evaporation efficiency of the atomized liquid. On the other hand, it can maintain the negative pressure environment in the shell 210. It should be noted that, unlike the principles of existing air-cooled heat exchangers and evaporative cooling heat exchangers, the flash heat exchanger of this embodiment is under negative pressure conditions. Except for the pressure regulating device, no external gas enters. High temperature and high humidity conditions do not affect heat exchange, and it can be used normally under different climatic conditions.

[0041] Preferably, the compressor 3, the control valve components and the liquid storage device 4 are arranged in one cabinet; the flash heat exchanger is modularly arranged, and the flash heat exchanger 21 is also arranged in another cabinet.

[0042] The flash heat exchanger of this embodiment utilizes a single-stage carbon dioxide cycle to meet air conditioning and refrigeration requirements. The carbon dioxide medium can circulate completely in high-rise buildings over 100 meters tall. The central air conditioning cooling efficiency (COP) is greater than 4.5. Carbon dioxide has a global warming potential (GWP) of 1 and an outdoor pressure (ODP) of 0, making it an environmentally friendly refrigerant. It exhibits excellent safety and chemical stability: it is non-toxic, non-flammable, and compatible with various lubricants. It also possesses excellent thermal properties: a large cooling capacity per unit volume, low kinematic viscosity, and excellent flow and heat transfer characteristics. However, due to its low critical temperature (31.1°C), carbon dioxide easily remains in a gaseous state at summer temperatures. Its high critical pressure (7.38 MPa) results in a high pressure in the gaseous state, resulting in high operating pressure and significant throttling losses. Based on the characteristics of carbon dioxide, the technical solution of this embodiment ensures that the pressure within the central air conditioner remains within an appropriate range and that the CO2 is in a liquid state at the outlet of the outdoor unit 2, thereby enhancing heat exchange efficiency within the terminal heat exchanger. A single main unit can support more terminal heat exchangers (over 100), ensuring safe and normal operation of the system.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

A radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection-based cold and hot central air conditioning system, comprising a compressor, a liquid accumulator, an indoor unit and an outdoor unit connected in sequence, wherein the outdoor unit comprises a radiation heat collector, the radiation heat collector comprises a protection plate, a heat absorption plate and a plate core, the heat absorption plate is located between the plate core and the protection plate, the plate core comprises a heat exchange medium inlet end and a heat exchange medium outlet end, and the heat absorption plate is used to transfer heat, which is absorbed, to the heat exchange medium circulating in the plate core,wherein the outdoor unit comprises a flash heat exchanger which is arranged in parallel with the radiation heat collector, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline of the radiation heat collector, the first electromagnetic valve is configured to control whether the heat exchange medium flows through the radiation heat collector, a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline of the flash heat exchanger, the second electromagnetic valve is configured to control whether the heat exchange medium flows through the flash heat exchanger,wherein the flash heat exchanger comprises a shell, a heat exchange unit, a water atomization device, a fan and a heat exchange medium flow pipe, the fan is arranged outside the shell and used for forming negative pressure in the shell; the heat exchange unit and the water atomization device are arranged in the shell, the coil in the heat exchange unit is connected with the heat exchange medium flow pipe,wherein a controller for controlling the opening or closing of the water atomization device is arranged on the water atomization device, the controller is connected to the control center, the control center is configured to randomly select the water atomization device to be opened or closed according to a set time, a set proportion of the water atomization devices opened, and a random function.The radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection-based cold and hot central air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the plate core abuts against the heat absorption plate tightly on one side; glass wool is arranged on the other side of the plate core; the heat absorption plate is a solar heat collecting plate.The radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection-based cold and hot central air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the protection plate is made from tempered glass; the plate core is a serpentine coil; a heat collection module is formed by connecting a plurality of radiation heat collectors in series.The radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection-based cold and hot central air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the radiation heat collector further comprises a heat exchanger composed of copper tubes and fins.The radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection-based cold and hot central air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the indoor unit comprises a heat exchange medium circulating pipeline arranged in a high-rise building, and the high-rise building comprises a plurality of indoor spaces, the plurality of indoor space is provided with a plurality of indoor heat exchangers, and a first throttle valve is provided at at least one of an inlet end and an outlet end of each indoor heat exchanger, a second throttle valve is arranged on a pipeline of each floor of the building.The radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection-based cold and hot central air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange unit further comprises a plurality of heat exchange fins, and the coil penetrates the plurality of heat exchange fins; the water atomization device comprises an ultrasonic atomizer and a water tank, the ultrasonic atomizer is arranged in the water tank; a plurality of drawer-type heat exchange units are stacked to form a heat exchanger, and the shell is a closed shell; the compressor and the liquid accumulator are arranged in a cabinet; the flash heat exchanger is also arranged in another cabinet.The radiation heat dissipation and radiation heat collection-based cold and hot central air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the central air conditioning system further comprises a first four-way reversing valve and a second four-way reversing valve, four ports of the first four-way reversing valve are respectively connected with a compressor suction end, a compressor exhaust end, the outdoor unit and the indoor unit; four ports of the second four-way reversing valve are respectively connected with the outdoor unit, a liquid inlet of the liquid accumulator, a liquid outlet of the liquid accumulator and the indoor unit; a one-way valve is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid accumulator and the second four-way reversing valve; a third throttle valve is arranged on a pipeline between the outdoor unit and the second four-way reversing valve; the central air conditioning system is a single-stage carbon dioxide cycle system using carbon dioxide as a single cycle working medium.

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