DEVICE FOR VIBRATION-DAMPED MOUNTING OF A WORKPIECE

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for releasable fastening of a workpiece (1), said device comprising a screw (3) or a threaded rod and also the workpiece (1) to be fastened with a through-bore (31) for passing the screw (3) or the threaded rod through, the device furthermore comprising at least two elastically deformable perforated plates (6, 7), which each have a through-bore (32, 33) for passing the screw (3) or the threaded rod through and thus can be aligned with the workpiece (1) and can be placed against the workpiece (1) such that the screw (3) or the threaded rod can be passed through the through-bore (31) of the workpiece (1) and through the through-bore (32) of the first perforated plate (6) and through the through-bore (33) of the second perforated plate (7), the workpiece (1), around the first perforated plate (6), having a predefined free space in the radial direction relative to the axis of the through-bore (32) through the first perforated plate (6) in the predefined, intended assembly position and in a relaxed state of the first perforated plate (6), such that the first perforated plate (6) can deform elastically in the radial direction at least to a predefined extent, and the workpiece (1) having, around the second perforated plate (7), a predefined free space in the radial direction relative to the axis of the through-bore (33) through the second perforated plate (7) in the predefined, intended assembly position and in a relaxed state of the second perforated plate (7), such that the second perforated plate (7) can deform elastically in the radial direction at least to a predefined extent.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Device for vibration-damped fastening of a workpiece

[0003] The invention relates to a device for the releasable fastening of a workpiece comprising a screw or a threaded rod and the workpiece to be fastened with a through-bore for the passage of the screw or the threaded rod.

[0004] Workpieces in undamped areas of vehicles, such as paneling on rail vehicle chassis, are exposed to undamped shocks, vibrations, or oscillations with a high number of cycles. Therefore, workpieces made of plastics with low fatigue strengths, such as those used in additively manufactured workpieces, were not used in these areas. Conventional screw connections for fastening such workpieces, which inherently introduce local stress peaks into the plastic component, are also responsible for the inability to withstand the loads, as even low cyclic loads can lead to material damage and cracking, even fracture.

[0005] The invention is based on the object of increasing the availability of workpieces in undamped areas of vehicles.

[0006] This problem is solved by the subject matter of independent patent claim 1. Further developments and refinements of the invention are found in the features of the dependent patent claims.

[0007] A device according to the invention for releasably fastening a workpiece comprises a screw or a threaded rod, the workpiece to be fastened and at least two elastically deformable perforated disks, each having a through-bore for the passage of the screw or the threaded rod. The workpiece to be fastened is hereinafter referred to simply as the workpiece. It has a through-bore for the passage of the screw or the threaded rod as well as a first contact surface for the contact of a first perforated disk and a second contact surface for the contact of a second perforated disk on both sides of the through-bore.The workpiece is designed to accommodate the first perforated disc resting on the first contact surface and the second perforated disc resting on the second contact surface in the region of their through-bore in respective predetermined, intended assembly positions such that the through-bores of the workpiece and the first perforated disc and the second perforated disc are arranged to at least partially overlap, so that the screw or the threaded rod can be passed through the through-bore of the workpiece and through the through-bore of the first perforated disc and through the through-bore of the second perforated disc.In addition, the workpiece is designed such that it has a predetermined free space around the first perforated disc in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the first perforated disc in the predetermined, intended mounting position of the first perforated disc around the first perforated disc and in a relaxed state of the first perforated disc, so that the first perforated disc can deform elastically in the radial direction to at least a predetermined extent. Likewise, the workpiece has a predetermined free space around the second perforated disc in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the second perforated disc in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in a relaxed state of the second perforated disc, so that the second perforated disc can deform elastically in the radial direction to at least a predetermined extent.

[0008] The workpiece can be a cladding part for a vehicle, in particular for a rail vehicle, in particular for a chassis or a bogie of the rail vehicle.

[0009] A vehicle according to the invention, in particular a rail vehicle, accordingly comprises at least one device according to the invention for the releasable fastening of a workpiece. The workpiece can be mounted in an unsprung, undamped area of ​​the vehicle or at a point on the vehicle where it is exposed to high, cyclic operating loads, in particular vibrations or oscillations, in particular with a high number of cycles, and / or impacts. For example, it is arranged on a chassis or bogie of the vehicle and releasably fastened. For example, the workpiece is a panel or a trim part, in particular for undamped areas of the vehicle, such as a cover for a chassis or bogie of the vehicle.

[0010] The workpiece is detachably fastened to a component, in particular of the vehicle, for example a frame of a vehicle's chassis, by means of the screw or threaded rod, which can also be referred to as a threaded bolt. It is screwed to the component. To produce this screw connection, the component itself can have a bore with a complementary internal thread to the external thread of the screw or threaded rod, or it can have a through-bore and the screw connection is carried out by means of an additional threaded carrier, for example a nut. The screw can therefore be designed either as a through-bolt with a matching threaded carrier or as a pull-in screw or stud screw, in which case the component has an internal thread complementary to the external thread of the screw and is therefore itself a threaded carrier. Analogously, with a threaded rod, an additional threaded carrier is used instead of the screw head.By screwing, a preload acting axially to the through hole of the workpiece is applied to the workpiece with the perforated discs interposed between the screw head or the thread carrier and the other thread carrier.

[0011] This axial preload causes the perforated discs to be elastically deformed. For this purpose, they are each comprised of an elastic material, particularly an elastomer such as rubber. This ensures that the perforated discs are in even contact with the respective contact surfaces and that the force is evenly applied to the workpiece. At the same time, the elastic material serves to dampen vibrations and / or provide cushioning.

[0012] The workpiece, in turn, is made of a different material. It comprises, in particular, a plastic, for example, a polymer, which may also have low fatigue strength. The fastening according to the invention enables the use of such materials.

[0013] According to a further development, the workpiece is manufactured from a plastic using a generative, particularly additive, layer-by-layer manufacturing process. Amorphous materials with good thermoplastic processability are suitable for additive manufacturing. The workpiece can be manufactured at least partially with layers with a radial direction component or even layer by layer in the axial direction to the through-hole, so that the force introduction through the perforated discs, which are mutually preloaded against the workpiece by means of the screw or threaded rod, is distributed across different layers.

[0014] When assembling the device, the workpiece is aligned to a component to which it is to be fastened, in particular at a point with high, cyclic operating loads, for example on a frame of a vehicle's chassis. The first and second perforated discs each have a support surface for engaging the respective support surfaces of the workpiece. They are in turn aligned to the workpiece and placed on the workpiece in such a way that the first perforated disc bears against the first support surface of the workpiece and the second perforated disc bears against the second support surface of the workpiece.In the respective predetermined, intended assembly positions, the through-bores of the workpiece and the first and second perforated discs are arranged to at least partially overlap, and the screw or threaded rod is passed through the through-bore of the workpiece and through the through-bores of the first and second perforated discs. In a relaxed state of the first perforated disc, a predetermined free space is provided around the first perforated disc in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the first perforated disc, so that the first perforated disc can deform elastically in the radial direction to at least a predetermined extent.Analogously, in a relaxed state of the second perforated disc, a predetermined free space is provided around the second perforated disc in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the second perforated disc, so that the second perforated disc can deform elastically in the radial direction to at least a predetermined extent.

[0015] The workpiece to be fastened has, for example, a wall through which the through-hole leads. The wall thickness is suitably selected. The first contact surface is formed on a first side of the wall and the second contact surface is formed on a second side of the wall opposite the first side and facing away from the first side. The first and second contact surfaces are therefore arranged on different sides of the wall and are directed in opposite directions, so that the first perforated disc bears against the first side of the wall and the second perforated disc bears against the second side of the wall.

[0016] The contact surfaces are in particular designed to be complementary to the support surfaces, for example they are each flat. The first perforated disc rests flatly, in particular over its entire surface, on the first side of the workpiece. In the same way, the second perforated disc rests flatly, in particular over its entire surface, on the second side of the workpiece. The contact and support surfaces can also be chamfered, for example conical or truncated cone-shaped, or even curved, for example in the shape of a spherical segment. The first perforated disc can be preloaded against the first side of the workpiece by means of a screw connection with the assistance of the screw or the threaded rod. At the same time, during assembly, the second perforated disc is preloaded against the second side of the workpiece by means of the screw connection using the screw or the threaded rod.

[0017] The axes of the through-holes through the workpiece and through the first and second perforated discs can coincide. The diameter of the through-hole through the workpiece can be larger than the diameter of the through-holes through the perforated discs. When the axes coincide, the through-holes of the perforated discs then cover the through-hole through the workpiece. If the diameters are the same, the first and second perforated discs can be aligned so that their through-holes are aligned.The through-hole through the workpiece for passing through the screw or threaded rod has in particular a diameter which is dimensioned relative to the screw or threaded rod such that the workpiece is free from contact with the screw or threaded rod, both in the stress-free state of the perforated discs and in the pre-stressed state during operation of the device and thus in the event of vibration.

[0018] For assembly, the workpiece can be attached to the component in the following order, for example: A screw head of the screw or a threaded carrier, for example a nut, clamps the first perforated disc against the workpiece. The second perforated disc lies on the other side of the workpiece. This is pre-tensioned against the workpiece by means of the component with an internal thread, into which an external thread of the screw engages. Alternatively, the component is pre-tensioned between the second perforated disc and another threaded carrier, for example a nut, against the second perforated disc and against the workpiece. For this purpose, the component then also has a through-hole.

[0019] According to a further development of the invention, the workpiece has a first recess for receiving the first perforated disc, wherein a first base surface of the first recess forms the first contact surface for the contact of the first perforated disc and wherein the first recess is designed such that side surfaces of the first recess have a predetermined distance greater than zero from the first perforated disc in the predetermined, intended assembly position and in the relaxed state of the first perforated disc.Analogously, the workpiece can have a second recess for receiving the second perforated disc, wherein a second base surface of the second recess forms the second contact surface for the contact of the second perforated disc and wherein the second recess is designed such that side surfaces of the second recess have a predetermined distance greater than zero from the second perforated disc in the predetermined, intended assembly position and in the relaxed state of the second perforated disc.

[0020] The first and / or the second recess can be designed as a blind hole. In the case of a first and / or second perforated disk with a circular cross-section, the first recess designed as a blind hole has an inner diameter which is larger by a predetermined amount than an outer diameter of the first perforated disk, which has a circular cross-section, in a relaxed state. Likewise, the second recess designed as a blind hole can have an inner diameter which is larger by a predetermined amount than an outer diameter of the second perforated disk, which has a circular cross-section, in a relaxed state. The axes of the first and / or second recess coincide with the axes of the perforated disks in the predetermined assembly position. The axes of the respective through holes are then also identical.The circular base surfaces of the blind hole-shaped recesses form the contact surfaces for the perforated discs, i.e., a first base surface of the first recess forms the first contact surface for the first perforated disc and / or a second base surface of the second recess forms the second contact surface for the second perforated disc. The lateral surfaces of the blind holes can accordingly form the side surfaces of the recesses. The recesses are thus delimited by the respective contact surfaces and side surfaces.

[0021] When the first perforated disc is in a relaxed state, i.e. a stress-free and undeformed state of the first perforated disc, the first recess in the workpiece is dimensioned relative to the receiving first perforated disc in such a way that the first perforated disc can elastically expand radially by a predetermined amount from the relaxed state into a deformed state brought about by an axial preload. The same can apply to the second perforated disc: the second recess in the workpiece is dimensioned relative to the relaxed second perforated disc in such a way that it can elastically expand radially by a predetermined amount from the relaxed state into a deformed state brought about by an axial preload. The axial preload can be introduced onto the first and / or second perforated disc by means of the screw or the threaded rod.

[0022] As above, it could also be said here that the first recess is designed to be complementary to the first perforated disc and / or that the second recess is designed to be complementary to the second perforated disc.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the first and / or second recess are so deep that the first and / or second perforated disc can be completely accommodated. The first and / or second perforated disc are countersunk in the respective recess when in contact with the respective contact surface. For example, the side of the first and / or second perforated disc facing away from the respective support surface and opposite it can run flush with the first workpiece or the side surfaces of the respective recess protrude beyond the first and / or second perforated disc, so that, for example, a screw head or thread carrier resting on the first perforated disc is also at least partially accommodated in the first recess.

[0024] Alternatively, the first and / or second recess can be formed relative to the first and / or second perforated disc in such a way that the first and / or second perforated disc projects at least partially beyond the corresponding first and / or second recess. The thickness of the first and / or second perforated disc between its support surface and the opposite side is, for example, greater than the depth of the first and / or second recess; in particular, at the edge of a first and / or second perforated disc formed in this way, it has a greater thickness than the height of the corresponding respective side surfaces of the recess.

[0025] The predetermined free space in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the first and / or second perforated disc in the predetermined, intended assembly position and in a relaxed state of the first and / or second perforated disc around the first and / or second perforated disc can extend over the entire thickness of the elastic part of the first and / or second perforated disc from the first and / or second support surface to its side facing opposite the corresponding first and / or second support surface, for example up to a first and / or second washer of the first and / or second perforated disc, so that the first and / or second perforated disc can expand radially over this entire thickness.

[0026] According to a further embodiment of the invention, however, the workpiece and the first perforated disc are designed in such a way that a distance between the first perforated disc and the workpiece in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the first perforated disc in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in a relaxed state of the first perforated disc is zero, or the first perforated disc is radially pre-tensioned by the workpiece in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the first perforated disc in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in a state of the first perforated disc not pre-tensioned by the screw or threaded rod. The first perforated disc is then clamped radially in the workpiece. The clamping only takes place in sections. So only a section of the first perforated disc, in particular the elastically deformable part of the first perforated disc, is radially clamped by the workpiece.This section is particularly small compared to the area of ​​the first perforated disc, in particular the elastically deformable part of the first perforated disc, which can expand freely radially, so that the first perforated disc can still deform elastically in the radial direction to at least a predetermined extent.In the same way, the workpiece and the second perforated disc can be designed in such a way that a distance between the second perforated disc and the workpiece in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the second perforated disc is zero in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in a relaxed state of the second perforated disc, or the second perforated disc is radially pre-tensioned by the workpiece in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the second perforated disc in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in a state of the second perforated disc not pre-tensioned by the screw or threaded rod, and is thus held radially clamped in the workpiece in sections. The workpiece and the first and / or second perforated disc therefore have a transition or press fit in the region for receiving at least the elastically deformable part of the first and / or second perforated disc.In particular, a distance between the side surfaces of the first and / or second recess and at least the elastically deformable part of the first and / or second perforated disc is equal to or less than zero (clamping) in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in a state in which the first and / or second perforated disc is not prestressed by the screw or threaded rod. Furthermore, there is a free space in the radial direction around the first and / or second perforated disc, so that the first and / or second perforated disc can deform elastically in the radial direction to at least a predetermined extent.The predetermined free space in the radial direction to the axis of the through-bore through the first and / or second perforated disc in the predetermined, intended assembly position and in the relaxed state of the first and / or second perforated disc therefore does not extend over the entire thickness and / or circumference of at least the elastic part of the first and / or second perforated disc between its first and / or second bearing surface and the side of the perforated disc facing opposite the corresponding first or second bearing surface. This can be achieved, for example, by at least one or in particular several lugs projecting into the recess or otherwise shaped projections in the side surfaces of the first and / or second recess. An annular elevation in the side surfaces acting as a projection is also to be considered included here.Additionally or alternatively, equally effective radial protrusions of the first and / or second perforated disc are also conceivable.

[0027] This clamping also makes it difficult or impossible for the first and / or second perforated disc and the workpiece to rotate relative to one another.

[0028] The device according to the invention comprises several individual parts or components, namely the workpiece, the perforated discs and the screw or the threaded rod, so that it could also be referred to as a construction or assembly set or kit for the detachable, vibration-damping connection of the workpiece to the component or a detachable, vibration-damped connection of the workpiece to the component.

[0029] The invention simplifies the connection of workpieces, especially those with low fatigue strengths, in undamped areas of vehicles and simultaneously increases their service life. This ensures the usability, functionality, and suitability, especially of additively manufactured workpieces in undamped areas of vehicles, thus improving the overall availability of workpieces. Operating loads are distributed to reduce the stress introduction due to screw connections in additive workpieces. Further advantages of the invention are:

[0030] - the perforated discs as damping elements adapt to the contour of the workpiece and thus generate a holding force evenly distributed in all spatial directions and a holding force distributed over a larger area, with therefore smaller surface loads;

[0031] - an evenly distributed force input ensures lower local stress peaks, which leads to a longer service life;

[0032] - vibration damping is possible in all 3 spatial directions;

[0033] - in additive workpieces, the force introduction is distributed over different layers, which reduces the risk of critical loads at layer transitions with low strength.

[0034] In addition, the disadvantages that arise with conventional screw connections, which local stresses are introduced into the component, which are further increased by the operating loads, have been overcome. Screw connections of plastic parts were therefore often the element that limits the strength or determines the service life of components. Screw points were therefore generally the critical, service life-determining areas for additively manufactured components because stresses are introduced into the component in a locally concentrated manner. Areas that are particularly exposed to shocks and vibrations, e.g. on the bogie of a rail vehicle, have previously been critical for the use of additively manufactured components. The invention now makes it possible to use many other different workpiece materials. Cyclic operating loads, vibrations and shocks can also be implemented without local material damage because stress peaks are avoided.The training courses described below serve to further improve the above-mentioned aspects.

[0035] Thus, according to a further development, at least the first perforated disc has a first sleeve in a through-bore through an elastically deformable part of the first perforated disc for passing through the screw or the threaded rod, which sleeve limits deformation of the elastically deformable part of the first perforated disc in the radial direction towards the axis of the through-bore of the first perforated disc. Analogously, the second perforated disc can also have a second sleeve in a through-bore through an elastically deformable part of the second perforated disc for passing through the screw or the threaded rod, which sleeve limits deformation of the elastically deformable part of the second perforated disc in the radial direction towards the axis of the through-bore of the second perforated disc.The first and / or second sleeve is rigid in comparison to the elastic material of the elastically deformable part of the first and / or second perforated disc and is made in particular from a metal or a metal alloy. It can be tubular, hollow, cylindrical to allow the screw or threaded rod to pass through. The respective sleeve creates a space for the screw or threaded rod to pass through and thus defines the through-bore through the respective perforated disc for the screw or threaded rod to pass through. The screw or threaded rod is then guided through the sleeve in the respective perforated disc. The first and / or second sleeve can be materially connected to the respective elastically deformable part of the first and / or second perforated disc and thus form a so-called rubber-metal element with the elastically deformable part.The relatively stiff first and / or second sleeve counteracts and limits an expansion under axial prestress of the elastically deformable part of the first and / or second perforated disc in the radial direction, i.e. into the respective through-bore. According to a further development, it is provided that the first sleeve protrudes beyond the first bearing surface of the first perforated disc for the bearing of the first perforated disc on the first bearing surface of the workpiece by a predetermined amount greater than zero, so that the first sleeve protrudes into the through-bore in the workpiece by a predetermined amount greater than zero in the predetermined, intended mounting position of the first perforated disc.Analogously, alternatively or additionally, the second sleeve can protrude beyond the second support surface of the second perforated disc to the second support surface of the workpiece to a predetermined extent greater than zero, so that the second sleeve, in the predetermined, intended mounting position of the second perforated disc, protrudes into the through-hole in the workpiece to a predetermined extent greater than zero.

[0036] To accommodate the first and / or second sleeve, the diameter of the through-bore of the workpiece is at least equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the first and / or second sleeve. The inner diameter of the first and / or second sleeve and thus the diameter of the through-bore of the first and / or second perforated disc is, as already explained above, at least selected to be suitable for passing through the screw or threaded rod.

[0037] According to a further development, both the first perforated disc has a first sleeve and the second perforated disc has a second sleeve. In a predetermined, intended assembly position of the first and second perforated discs, the first sleeve and / or the second sleeve can protrude into the through-bore of the workpiece. Thus, only one sleeve can protrude beyond the support surface of the perforated disc and protrude into the through-bore of the workpiece, or in the case of sleeves, protrude beyond the respective support surface of the perforated disc and protrude into the through-bore of the workpiece.In a further development, at least the first perforated disc has a, in particular hollow cylindrical, first protuberance of the elastically deformable part, which first protuberance projects beyond the first support surface of the first perforated disc for the contact of the first perforated disc on the first contact surface of the workpiece to a predetermined extent greater than zero, so that the first protuberance projects into the through-hole in the workpiece to a predetermined extent greater than zero in the predetermined, intended mounting position of the first perforated disc.The second perforated disc can also have such a second protuberance, in particular a hollow cylindrical one, of the elastically deformable part of the second perforated disc, which second protuberance projects beyond the second support surface of the second perforated disc by a predetermined amount greater than zero, so that the second protuberance projects into the through-bore in the workpiece by a predetermined amount greater than zero in a predetermined, intended assembly position of the second perforated disc. The first and / or second protuberance is in particular made from the same elastically deformable material as the respective elastically deformable part of the first and / or second perforated disc and is connected to it without any joints. In particular, the elastically deformable part of the first and / or second perforated disc and the respective first and / or second protuberance are monolithic.The first and / or second protuberance has a through-bore for receiving the screw or threaded rod, which in particular has the same inside diameter as the corresponding elastically deformable part of the first and / or second perforated disc. Likewise, the first and / or second sleeve can be enclosed by the respectively corresponding first and / or second protuberance. The first and / or second protuberance therefore delimits the first and / or second perforated disc on the inside towards the axis of the through-bore and the inside diameter of the first and / or second protuberance is suitably selected for the passage of the screw or threaded rod, or the corresponding first and / or second sleeve is enclosed in the first and / or second protuberance, which in turn delimits the respective through-bore of the first and / or second perforated disc for receiving the screw or threaded rod on the inside towards the axis of the through-bore.

[0038] As already explained above, the through hole of the workpiece can be larger than the through hole of the perforated discs, in particular to accommodate the sleeve and / or protuberance.

[0039] If a sleeve is provided, it can also extend beyond the protrusion, so that the sleeve extends further into the through-bore of the workpiece than the protrusion. Alternatively, the sleeve and protrusion can be flush with each other, so that the end face of the perforated disc arranged in the through-bore of the workpiece is formed by the sleeve and protrusion.

[0040] Thus, many combinations are conceivable:

[0041] Thus, both the first and the second perforated disc can each be designed without a sleeve or protuberance, or only one perforated disc has a sleeve and / or protuberance, the other perforated disc being free of sleeve and protuberance, or one perforated disc has only a sleeve, the other perforated disc only a protuberance, or one perforated disc has a sleeve and a protuberance and the other perforated disc only has a protuberance without a sleeve, or both perforated discs have both a sleeve and a perforated disc. All combinations are to be expressed by the and / or combinations used hitherto and in the future and are to be deemed to be included.

[0042] A wall thickness of the workpiece in the area of ​​the through-bore through the workpiece between the first contact surface and the second contact surface is matched to the first and / or the second perforated disks projecting into the through-bore of the workpiece in such a way that in the predetermined, intended mounting position of the first and the second perforated disk and in the relaxed state of the first and the second perforated disk, a predetermined distance greater than zero in the axial direction is formed between the two opposite end faces of the first and second perforated disks in the area of ​​the through-bore through the workpiece.If one of the two perforated disks, for example the second perforated disk, does not have a sleeve and / or protuberance projecting into the through-bore of the workpiece, its bearing surface forms the end face which is opposite the end face of the sleeve and / or protuberance arranged in the through-bore of the workpiece of the other perforated disk, for example the first perforated disk. If, on the other hand, both the first and the second perforated disk each have a sleeve and / or a protuberance, their end faces arranged in the through-bore of the workpiece lie opposite one another and form the specified distance greater than zero in the axial direction. One could also speak of an axial gap in the through-bore of the workpiece between the end faces of the first and the second perforated disk.

[0043] In a further development, the first and second perforated disks are designed in such a way that the distance of a predetermined dimension greater than zero between the opposite end faces of the first and second perforated disks in the region of the through-bore can be closed in a predetermined, intended mounting position of the first and second perforated disks and in the relaxed state of the first and second perforated disks by applying a predetermined preload by means of the screw or the threaded rod and a resulting elastic deformation of the first and second perforated disks. The distance or gap between the perforated disks can be adjusted and thus predetermined by selecting the structural design, in particular the dimensions, and the materials and thus their physical properties of the first and second perforated disks.

[0044] According to a further development of the device, - the axial distance between the two opposite end faces of the first and second perforated disc in the area of ​​the through hole through the workpiece and

[0045] - the free space around the first and / or second perforated disc in the radial direction to the axis of the through-hole through the workpiece in the specified, intended mounting position of the first and / or second perforated disc and in a relaxed state of the first and / or second perforated disc in mutual dependence and in further dependence on

[0046] - the strength, for example a Shore hardness or comparable strength values, in particular at least of the elastically deformable part, the first and / or second perforated disc and

[0047] - an axial preload force applied by means of the screw or threaded rod. The adjustment is carried out in particular in such a way that a predetermined elastic deformation of the first and / or second perforated disc in the radial and / or axial direction is not exceeded. The axial preload force applied by means of the screw or threaded rod is predetermined. It is specified in such a way that secure assembly is also guaranteed during operation.

[0048] For example, the distance between opposite end faces of the first and second sleeve arranged in the through-bore of the workpiece and the free spaces in the radial direction around the first and second perforated disc to the axes of the through-bores through the first and second perforated disc are predetermined in mutual dependence and in further dependence on the strengths of the first and second perforated discs and on the predetermined preload force applied by means of the screw or the threaded rod.

[0049] In a further development, the distance from the side surfaces of the first recess to the first perforated disc is predetermined in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in the relaxed state of the first perforated disc, depending on the strength of the first perforated disc, such that when a predetermined preload force is applied by means of the screw or the threaded rod, the first perforated disc, which is elastically deformed as a result, rests against the side surfaces of the first recess. Analogously, the distance from the side surfaces of the second recess to the second perforated disc can be predetermined in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in the relaxed state of the second perforated disc, depending on the strength of the second perforated disc, such that when a predetermined preload force is applied by means of the screw or the threaded rod, the second perforated disc, which is elastically deformed as a result, rests against the side surfaces of the second recess.As already explained above, this can be done in further dependence on the distance between the opposite end faces of the first and second sleeve arranged in the through-bore of the workpiece and optionally in further dependence on the strengths, for example Shore hardness, of the first and second perforated discs, or at least on the respective elastically deformable parts of the first and second perforated discs, and on the predetermined pre-tensioning force applied axially by means of the screw or the threaded rod.

[0050] Further advantages of the invention, particularly when at least one sleeve is present, are an adjustable ratio of the preload force of the screw connection to the contact pressure of the perforated disks via the distance between the opposite end faces of the first and second perforated disks arranged in the through-bore of the workpiece (clamping gap). The preload force of the screw connection by means of the screw or threaded rod and thus the clamping force can be increased up to the load limit of the screw or threaded rod. There is no longer a problem due to setting loss in the plastic of the workpiece. Additional screw locking devices such as wedge washers, spring washers or similar can be used regardless of the setting behavior of the additive plastic of the workpiece.

[0051] For further improvement, the following developments of the device according to the invention are proposed.

[0052] Thus, according to a further development, at least the first perforated disc comprises a fixed first washer for supporting a screw head of the screw or for supporting a threaded carrier, for example a nut, for screwing to the threaded rod, which first washer is arranged in the predetermined, intended assembly position of the first perforated disc on a side of the first perforated disc opposite the first support surface of the first perforated disc. The first washer has a high level of strength and is therefore rigid in comparison to the elastic part of the first perforated disc. It comprises in particular a metal or a metal alloy and counteracts and limits deformation of the elastically deformable part of the first perforated disc in the axial direction towards the first washer.Furthermore, the first washer ensures even force introduction and distribution of a preload force applied by the screw head or a threaded carrier into the first perforated disc. It thus serves to improve the force introduction into the first perforated disc and distribute it evenly over its surface. The first washer is firmly connected, in particular by a material fit, to the elastic part of the first perforated disc, for example, by adhesive bonding.Analogously, the second perforated disc can comprise a fixed, in particular materially connected to the elastic part of the second perforated disc, second washer, in particular made of a metal or a metal alloy, for supporting a screw head of the screw or for supporting a threaded carrier, for example a nut, for screwing to the threaded rod, which second washer is arranged in a predetermined, intended assembly position of the second perforated disc on a side of the second perforated disc opposite the second support surface of the second perforated disc.

[0053] In a further development, the first and / or second washer extends over the entire surface of the corresponding first and / or second perforated disc opposite the corresponding first and / or second support surface.

[0054] In a further development, the first washer and the first sleeve are firmly connected to one another, in particular in a materially bonded manner, in particular without any joints. The first sleeve and the first washer can also be monolithic. For example, a base body of the first washer and the first sleeve could be made from a single casting. The first washer could also be referred to as the radial collar of the first sleeve. The entire construction comprising the first washer and the first sleeve could be referred to as a hollow cylindrical plug, axle sleeve or bushing. The second washer and the second sleeve can be shaped in the same way.

[0055] Furthermore, it can be provided that at least the first bearing surface of the first perforated disc is also designed to be fixed. Analogously, the second bearing surface of the second perforated disc can also be designed to be fixed. For this purpose, the first and / or second perforated disc can in turn have a fixed first and / or second washer, in particular comprising a metal or a metal alloy, in particular made of a metal or a metal alloy, which is firmly connected, in particular materially bonded, for example glued, to the corresponding elastically deformable part of the first and / or second perforated disc. The first and / or second washer then forms the corresponding first and / or second bearing surface of the first and / or second perforated disc for the bearing of the corresponding first and / or second perforated disc on the corresponding first and / or second bearing surface of the workpiece.The first and / or second washer, analogous to the first and / or second washer, ensures uniform force introduction into the respective perforated disc. As already explained above, the first and / or second support surface formed by the first and / or second washer is complementary to the corresponding first and / or second contact surface of the workpiece, ensuring that the first and / or second perforated disc rests flatly on the workpiece.

[0056] The first washer can also have a hollow cylindrical first collar which, in the predetermined, intended mounting position of the first perforated disc, projects at least partially into the through-bore in the workpiece. The first collar can thus serve as a first outer sleeve for the first protuberance and at least partially enclose it. It is intended for use in the through-bore of the workpiece and form a fit with it. Its outer diameter would then be only minimally smaller than or the same size as the outer diameter of the through-bore of the workpiece in the region of the first collar. The first collar can also be materially connected, for example glued, to the first protuberance of the elastically deformable part of the first perforated disc. In particular, the first collar is materially connected, in particular without joints, to the first washer, in particular formed from the latter.Likewise, the second washer can also have a hollow, cylindrical second collar that, in the specified, intended mounting position of the second perforated disc, extends at least partially into the through-bore in the workpiece. The other features described with respect to the first perforated disc are also applicable analogously to the second perforated disc.

[0057] The invention is susceptible of numerous embodiments. It is explained in more detail with reference to the following figure, which illustrates an exemplary embodiment.

[0058] The figure shows a device according to the invention for the detachable vibration-damping connection of a workpiece 1 to a component 2, shown schematically in partial section. The component 2 here is a chassis of a rail vehicle. The workpiece 1 is a cover or other cladding part for the chassis. It is detachably mounted and clamped to the component 2 by means of a screw connection, here comprising a screw 3 with a screw head 4 and a cage nut as a threaded carrier 5. The cage nut, as a threaded carrier 5, forms the counterpart to the screw head 4, provided with an internal thread, and is designed to be complementary to the screw 3.

[0059] The workpiece 1 as well as the component 2 have a through-bore 31 for the passage of the screw 3. In addition, the device has two perforated disks 6 and 7 which, in the illustrated assembled state in a predetermined assembly position, rest with their bearing surfaces 8 and 9 on contact surfaces 10 and 11 of the workpiece 1 in the region of the through-bore 31 through the workpiece 1.

[0060] The first perforated disc 6 comprises a vibration-damping, elastically deformable part 12, a first sleeve 13, and a first washer 14. The elastically deformable part 12 is made of an elastomer, for example rubber.

[0061] The first washer 14 can be firmly connected to the elastically deformable part 12. It is arranged on a side of the first perforated disc 6 opposite the first support surface 10 of the first perforated disc 6 and thus, in the assembly position shown, on the side of the first perforated disc 6 facing away from the first support surface 8 of the workpiece 1 and the through-bore 31 through the workpiece 1. The screw head 4 rests here against the first washer 14 of the first perforated disc 6 with the interposition of locking washers 16. The forces acting on the first perforated disc 6 through the screw head 4 are evenly distributed into the elastically deformable part 12 via the first washer 14. In this exemplary embodiment, the first sleeve 13 is formed from the first washer 14 or vice versa, i.e. the first sleeve 13 is connected to the first washer 14 without any joints. monolithic structure.The first sleeve 13 is tubular for the passage of the screw 3 and, in the assembled state of the device, extends at least partially into the through-bore 31 of the workpiece 1 - it projects beyond the first support surface 8 by a dimension greater than zero and thus projects with the projecting area into the through-bore 31. The first sleeve 13, like the first washer, is made of a metallic material and counteracts and limits deformation of the elastically deformable part 12 of the first perforated disc 6 in the radial direction towards the axis of the through-bore 31. It can also be glued to the elastically deformable part 12 of the first perforated disc 6.

[0062] The elastically deformable part 12 has the first protuberance 15. The first protuberance 15 also projects beyond the first support surface 8 by a dimension greater than zero and projects into the through-bore 31. In this exemplary embodiment, the first protuberance 15 is of the same size as the area of ​​the first sleeve 13 that projects beyond the first support surface 8. The first protuberance, together with the first sleeve 13, therefore forms the first end face 25 of the first perforated disk 6, which projects into the through-bore in the illustrated assembly position of the device. The first protuberance 15 is also hollow and cylindrical. Its outer diameter is the same size as or smaller than the inner diameter of the through-bore 31 - here a little smaller to allow for small radial play between the through-bore 31 and the first perforated disk 6. In addition to a clearance fit, a transition or press fit is also conceivable.The inner diameter of the first protrusion 15 is again approximately the same size as the outer diameter of the first sleeve 13. The second perforated disc 7 comprises a vibration-damping, elastically deformable part 17, a second sleeve 18, a second washer 19, and a second washer 21 with a collar 22.

[0063] The second washer 19 is arranged on a side of the second perforated disk 7 opposite the second support surface 9 of the second perforated disk 7 and thus, in the assembly position shown, on the side of the second perforated disk 7 facing away from the second contact surface 11 of the workpiece 1. The cage nut as threaded carrier 5 rests here on the second washer 19. Analogous to above, the second washer 19 reliably transfers the forces occurring from the threaded carrier 5 to the base - here the elastic part 17 of the second perforated disk 7. However, in this exemplary embodiment the second washer 19 is not connected to the second sleeve 18. There is a small gap between the second sleeve 18 and the second washer 19. The second sleeve 18 and also the second washer 19 are each only connected to the elastically deformable part 17.

[0064] The second sleeve 18 also projects beyond the second support surface 11 and, in the assembled state, projects into the through-bore 31 through the workpiece 1. As with the first perforated disc 6, the second perforated disc 7 also has a protrusion 20 of the elastically deformable part 17, which likewise projects into the through-bore 31 and which at least partially surrounds the second sleeve 18.

[0065] In addition, the second bearing surface 9 of the second perforated disk 7 is formed at least in sections by a washer 21 which is annular in cross-section and which in turn can be connected to the elastic part 17, for example via an adhesive connection. The washer has a collar 22 which points away from the second washer 19 and thus in turn projects into the through-bore 31 and which at least partially encloses the second protuberance 20. The collar 22 is correspondingly tubular and can form a clearance or transition fit with the through-bore. Washer 21 and collar 22 can in turn be manufactured in one piece, for example as a pressed or deep-drawn part.

[0066] In this exemplary embodiment, the collar 22 and the second protrusion 20 do not protrude as far as the second sleeve. Therefore, only the second sleeve 18 forms the second end face 26 of the second perforated disc 7, which projects into the through-bore 31 in the illustrated assembly position of the device.

[0067] In the specified, intended assembly position and in a relaxed state of the perforated discs 6 and 7, i.e., without axial preload applied by the screw connection by means of the screw 3 and the threaded carrier 5, a distance 27 between the second end face 26 of the second sleeve 18 and the first end face 25 of the first perforated disc 6 is a specified value greater than zero. This distance 27, also referred to as the clamping gap, will be discussed in more detail below.

[0068] Due to the design shown here, the perforated discs 6 and 7 can be described as rubber-metal elements.

[0069] The workpiece 1 has a first recess in the area of ​​the through-bore 31 for receiving the first perforated disk 6 and a second recess in the area of ​​the through-bore 31 for receiving the second perforated disk 7. The base surface of the first recess serves as the first contact surface 10 for the first perforated disk 6 to bear against with its support surface 8. The side surfaces 23 of the first recess limit a possible radial expansion of the first perforated disk 6. They at least partially border the first perforated disk 6. In the area of ​​the first contact surface 10, the first side surfaces 23 have an undercut 30. Analogously, in the abutment area of ​​the base surface of the second recess, which base surface is designed as a second contact surface 11 complementary to the second support surface 9 of the second perforated disk, an undercut 30 is provided with the second side surfaces 24 of the second recess.

[0070] Without undercuts 30, the recesses could also be described as blind holes, with essentially flat bottoms pierced by the through hole 31 as contact surfaces and with inner diameters larger than the outer diameters of the mounting perforated disks. In the specified, intended assembly position and in a relaxed state of the perforated disks 6 and 7, the axes of the blind holes and the through hole 31 through the workpiece coincide, as do the through holes through the perforated disks centrally received and aligned in the respective recess.

[0071] In order to enable free expansion in the radial direction of at least the elastically deformable parts 12 and 17 of the first and second perforated disks 6 and 7, there is free space in the radial direction to the axis of the through holes through the perforated disks 6 and 7. Here, the first and second perforated disks 6 and 7 have, in the predetermined, intended assembly position and in a relaxed state of the perforated disks 6 and 7, a radial play in the respective recesses in the workpiece 1. The distances 28 and 29 between the first perforated disk 6 and the first side surface 23 and between the second perforated disk 7 and the second side surface 24 each have a predetermined dimension greater than zero.

[0072] This dimension can be selected in such a way that, when a predetermined axial preload force is applied by means of the screw 3 via the screw head 4 and the threaded carrier 5, the first and second perforated discs 6 and 7, which are thereby radially elastically deformed, each rest on the corresponding first and second side surfaces 23 and 24 of the recesses.

[0073] The elastic deformation in the radial direction is brought about by the preload in the axial direction. The free radial expansion of the perforated disks 6 and 7 is then limited by the side surfaces 23 and 24 of the recesses. The respective distance 28 and 29 of the side surfaces 23 and 24 to the correspondingly accommodated perforated disks 6 and 7 can be dimensioned and matched to the dimensions and strength of the perforated disks 6 and 7, in particular their elastically deformable parts, so that with a predetermined axial preload by the screw connection, the deformed perforated disks 6 and 7 rest against the respective side surfaces 23 and 24 under a predetermined tension. The preload force applied to the screw connection is selected accordingly and determined in such a way that secure assembly of the device on the component is guaranteed over the lifetime, even under predetermined operating conditions.Here, the dimensioning of the distances between the side surfaces 23 and 24 and the corresponding perforated disks 6 and 7 as well as the distance 27 between the end faces 25 and 26 of the first and second perforated disks 6 and 7 (clamping gap) in the specified, intended assembly position and in a relaxed state of the perforated disks 6 and 7 and in further dependence on the strength, in particular the Shore hardness, of the perforated disks 6 and 7 are coordinated in such a way that with a specified axial preload by the screw connection the clamping gap is closed, i.e. the end faces 25 and 26 lie against one another, if necessary pressed against one another under a specified tension, and the deformed perforated disks 6 and 7 lie against the respective side surfaces 23 and 24 under a specified tension.The deformation of the washers, plain washer, screw and sleeves in the axial direction can be neglected here due to their greater strength or can be included in the calculation. The clamping gap that exists in the specified, intended assembly position and when the perforated discs 6 and 7 are in a relaxed state between the opposite, directed and facing sleeve ends of the perforated discs 6 and 7 is closed by the axial preload through the screw connection by means of the screw 3 and the threaded carrier 5 and the elastic deformation of at least the elastically deformable parts of the perforated discs 6 and 7. In this case, a specified elastic deformation in the axial direction of the perforated discs 6 and 7 is not exceeded.

[0074] The device is shown in the figure in the specified assembly position, but without preload from the screw connection. The perforated discs 6 and 7 are therefore still shown in the relaxed state.

[0075] The first recess is so deep that the first perforated disc 6 is completely received and countersunk into it. Only the screw head 4 still protrudes approximately from the first recess. The depth of the second recess, on the other hand, is dimensioned relative to the second perforated disc 7 such that the second perforated disc 7 projects beyond it. The thickness of the second perforated disc 7 between its second bearing surface 9 and the surface of the second washer 19 lying against the component 2 is greater than the depth of the second recess and thus greater than the height of the second side surfaces 24 of the second recess. Direct contact between component 2 and workpiece 1 is thus avoided. This applies both when the second perforated disc 7 is in the relaxed state and when the second perforated disc 7 is preloaded and when the second perforated disc 7 is mounted.

[0076] In the area of ​​the second recess, the workpiece 1 also has a circumferential projection 32 in the second side surfaces 24 for holding the second perforated disk 7. The second perforated disk 7 and the projection 32 form a press fit. The second perforated disk 7 is thereby clamped in the second recess and thus secured against rotation. Radial expansion of the second perforated disk 7 is thus only prevented in the area of ​​the projection. However, this area is small compared to the depth of the second recess or the height of the side surfaces 24 of the second recess. In addition to an annular projection, selective clamping could also be achieved using nose-shaped projections. The clamping prevents the second perforated disk 7 from rotating relative to the workpiece 1.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Device for the detachable fastening of a workpiece (1) comprising a screw (3) or a threaded rod and the workpiece (1) with a through-hole (31) for the passage of the screw (3) or the threaded rod, characterized in that the device comprises at least two elastically deformable perforated discs (6, 7), each having a through-hole (32, 33) for the passage of the screw (3) or the threaded rod, wherein the workpiece (1) has a first contact surface (10) for a first perforated disc (6) and a second contact surface (11) for a second perforated disc (7) on both sides of the through-hole (31), wherein the workpiece (1) is designed to receive the first perforated disc (6) against the first contact surface (10) and the second perforated disc (7) against the second contact surface (11) in the region of its through-hole (31) in such a way that the through-holes (31,32, 33) of the workpiece (1) and the first perforated disc (6) and the second perforated disc (7) are arranged at least partially overlapping, so that the screw (3) or the threaded rod can pass through the through-hole (31) of the workpiece and through the through-hole (32) of the first perforated disc (6) and through the through-hole (33) of the second perforated disc (7), and that the workpiece (1) has a predetermined free space in the radial direction to the axis of the through-hole (32) through the first perforated disc (6) in the predetermined, intended assembly position and in a relaxed state of the first perforated disc (6) around the first perforated disc, (6) such that the first perforated disc (6) can deform elastically in the radial direction to at least a predetermined extent, and wherein the workpiece (1) has a predetermined free space in the radial direction to the axis of the through-hole (33) through the second perforated disc (7) in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in a relaxed state of the second perforated disc (7) around the second perforated disc (7) exhibits, so that the second perforated disc (7) is in can deform elastically in the radial direction to at least a specified extent.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the workpiece (1) has a first recess for receiving the first perforated disc (6), wherein a first base surface of the first recess forms the first contact surface (10) for bearing the first perforated disc (6), and wherein the first recess is designed such that side surfaces (23) of the first recess have a predetermined distance (28) greater than zero to the first perforated disc (6) in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in the relaxed state of the first perforated disc (6), and / or, that the workpiece has a second recess for receiving the second perforated disc (7), wherein a second base surface of the second recess forms the second contact surface (11) for bearing the second perforated disc (7), and wherein the second recess is designed such that side surfaces (24) of the second recess have a predetermined distance (29) greater than zero to the second perforated disc (7) in the predetermined,exhibit the intended mounting position and the relaxed state of the second perforated disc (7).

3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the first perforated disc (6) comprises a tubular first sleeve (13) for passing the screw (3) or the threaded rod through the tubular first sleeve (13), which limits a deformation of the first perforated disc (6) in a radial direction to the axis of the through-bore (32) of the first perforated disc (6) and / or that the second perforated disc (7) comprises a tubular second sleeve (18) for passing the screw (3) or the threaded rod through the tubular second sleeve, which limits a deformation of the second perforated disc (7) in a radial direction to the axis of the through-bore (33) of the second perforated disc (7).

4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the first sleeve (13) projects beyond a first bearing surface (8) of the first perforated disc (6) to abut the first contact surface (10) of the workpiece, so that the first sleeve (13) projects into the through-hole (31) in the workpiece (1) in the predetermined, intended mounting position of the first perforated disc (6) and / or that the second sleeve (18) projects beyond a second bearing surface (9) of the second perforated disc (7) to abut the workpiece (11) in the workpiece (1), so that the second sleeve (18) projects into the through-hole (31) in the workpiece (1) in the predetermined, intended mounting position of the second perforated disc (7).

5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the wall thickness of the workpiece (1) between the first contact surface (10) and the second contact surface (11) is matched to the first and second sleeves (13, 18) projecting into the through-bore of the workpiece such that, in a predetermined, intended mounting position of the first and second perforated disc (6, 7) and in the relaxed state of the first and second perforated disc (6, 7), a predetermined distance (27) greater than zero is formed between the two opposing end faces (25, 26) of the first and second sleeve (13, 18) arranged in the through-bore (31) of the workpiece (1).

6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the distance (27) of the opposing end faces (25, 26) of the first and second sleeves (13, 18) arranged in the through-hole (31) of the workpiece (1) and the free spaces in the radial direction to the axes of the through-holes (32, 33) through the first and second perforated discs (6, 7) are mutually dependent and further dependent on the strengths of the first and second perforated disc (6, 7) and are determined by a predetermined preload force applied by means of the screw (3) or the threaded rod.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first perforated disc (6) has a protrusion (15) which, in a predetermined, intended mounting position of the first perforated disc (6), projects into the through-bore (31) of the workpiece (1) and / or that the second perforated disc (7) has a protrusion (20) which, in a predetermined, intended mounting position of the second perforated disc (7), projects into the through-bore (31) of the workpiece (1).

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the first perforated disc (6) comprises a first washer (14) for bearing a screw head (4) of the screw (3) or a threaded carrier for screwing onto the threaded rod, which in a predetermined, intended mounting position of the first perforated disc (6) is arranged on a side of the first perforated disc (6) opposite the first bearing surface (8) and which is rigidly formed and ensures a uniform force transmission of a preload force applied by the screw head (4) or the threaded carrier into the first perforated disc (6) and / or that the second perforated disc (7) comprises a second washer (19) for bearing a screw head of the screw or a threaded carrier (5) for screwing onto the screw or threaded rod, which in a predetermined, intended mounting position of the second perforated disc (7) is arranged on athe second bearing surface (9) is arranged on the side of the second perforated disc (7) opposite the second bearing surface (9) and which is rigidly formed and ensures a uniform force transmission of a preload force applied by the screw head or the threaded carrier (5) into the second perforated disc (7).

9. Device according to claims 3 and 8, characterized in that the first washer (14) and the first sleeve (13) are firmly connected to each other and / or that the second washer (19) and the second sleeve (18) are firmly connected to each other.

10. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the distance (28) from the side surfaces (23) of the first recess to the first perforated disc (6) in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in the relaxed state of the first perforated disc (6) is predetermined depending on the strength of the first perforated disc (6) such that, when a predetermined preload force is applied by means of the screw (3) or the threaded rod, the elastically deformed first perforated disc (6) rests against the side surfaces (23) of the first recess and / or that the distance (29) from the side surfaces (24) of the second recess to the second perforated disc (7) in the predetermined, intended mounting position and in the relaxed state of the second perforated disc (7) is predetermined depending on the strength of the second perforated disc (7) such that, when a predetermined preload force is applied by means of the screw (3) or the threaded rod,The specified preload force causes the elastically deformed second perforated disc (7) to rest against the side surfaces (24) of the second recess.

11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the workpiece (1) is manufactured from a plastic using an additive manufacturing process.

12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the workpiece (1) is at least partially manufactured layer by layer, wherein the layers in the area of ​​the first and second contact surfaces (10, 11) have a directional component in in the axial direction to the through-hole (31), so that the force transmission through the mutually pre-tensioned perforated discs (6, 7) against the workpiece is distributed over different layers.

13. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the workpiece (1) is a fairing part for a vehicle.

14. Vehicle with at least one device according to any one of claims 1 to 12. Claims 1 to 13.

15. Vehicle according to claim 14, characterized in that the at least one device is mounted at a location with high, cyclic operating loads.