Highway mining method for an open-pit mine

Abstract

An under-slope coal mining method for an open-pit coal mine, the method comprising: mining coal in a roadway (200); transporting coal sheets out of the roadway (200); and blowing air to a coal mining working face (201), and extracting air at an entrance of the roadway (200) to replace the air in the roadway (200).

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS The present application is based on and claims the priority of Chinese patent application No. 202210442576.8 filed on April 25, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. FIELD The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a highway mining method for an open-pit mine. BACKGROUND In the open-pit coal mines of geological slippery areas, in order to prevent safety accidents such as landslides, gently inclined slope mining is generally adopted. This kind of mining method 15 leads to a large number of under-slope coal, resulting in a serious waste of resources. Slope-mining method is the main method to process under-slope coal in the slope, but in the process of mining, coal seam will release harmful substances such as gas and dust, which will not only affect the personal safety of workers, but also easily pollute the atmosphere. 20 SUMMARY The present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent. Therefore, embodiments of the present disclosure proposes a highway mining method for an open-pit mine, which has high safety performance. 25        The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes: mining coal in a roadway; transporting the coal blocks out of the roadway; blowing air to a coal mining working face, and at the same time, extracting air at an entrance of the roadway to replace the air in the roadway, and installing an air door at the entrance of the roadway, and hermetically connecting an outer peripheral wall of the air door with an inner peripheral wall 30 of the roadway, wherein air is blown to the coal mining working face by an air inlet pipeline; wherein the air door comprises a door curtain, an airbag, a door frame and an air door driver; and 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 the air bag is arranged between the outer peripheral side of the air door and the inner peripheral side of the roadway and is connected with the door frame, and air is inflated into the air bag so as to form an effective seal at a contacting part between the air door and the roadway; and the shape of a lower end of the door curtain is fitted with the shape of the outer periphery of the air inlet pipeline, thereby limiting an avoidance area for the air inlet pipeline to pass through the air door; and the air door driver is provided at an outer side of the air door and configured to control the opening and closing of the air door; and wherein the air door driver comprises a rotary cylinder, a connecting rod and a support frame, the rotary cylinder is fixed on a stepping platform, and one end of the connecting rod is connected with the rotary cylinder, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the air door by welding, and the middle part of the connecting rod is hinged with the support frame. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure has the advantages of high safety performance and good environmental protection effect. In some embodiments, the steps of mining coal in the roadway, blowing air to the coal mining 15 working face and extracting air at the entrance of the roadway are carried out simultaneously. In some embodiments, and the air inlet pipeline includes a first end and a second end along an extension direction of the air inlet pipeline, and the first end is arranged outside the roadway, the second end is arranged inside the roadway, and a distance between the first end and the air door is more than 5 meters. 20        In some embodiments, a right end of the air inlet pipeline is provided with a first fan, and the first fan is located in the roadway for blowing air into the roadway. In some embodiments, the air in the roadway is exhausted by an exhaust pipeline, and one end of the exhaust pipeline is arranged outside the roadway and communicated with the atmosphere, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the inside of roadway, 25 and the air volume of the exhaust pipeline is 1.2 times greater than that of the air inlet pipeline. In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes mining coal by using a coal mining device; transporting the coal block by using a coal transporting device; wherein, the coal mining device is connected with the coal transporting device; and the coal transporting device includes a plurality of coal transporting units, and the air inlet pipeline 30 includes a plurality of air inlet ducts; and the plurality of coal transporting units are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of air inlet ducts, and each coal transporting unit is connected 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 with each air inlet duct; under the condition that the coal mining device advances, the coal transporting unit and the air inlet duct are further installed on the coal transporting device outside the roadway; under the condition that the coal mining device retreats, the coal transporting unit and the air inlet duct are detached from the coal transporting device outside the roadway. In some embodiments, the coal mining device includes a roadheader, which includes a body of the roadheader and a cutting assembly, and the cutting assembly is swingably arranged on the body of the roadheader; the air inlet pipeline further includes a connecting duct, and the connecting duct is communicated with the air inlet duct, fixed on the cutting assembly, swingably connected with the air inlet duct so as to swing with the cutting assembly, and the connecting duct is configured to blow air to the coal mining working face when the cutting assembly is mining slope coal. In some embodiments, the connecting duct is provided with a flow guide, and the flow guide is arranged at a right end of the connecting duct for adjusting the air outlet angle of the air inlet pipeline. 15        In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes detecting the real-time gas concentration in the roadway; under the condition that the real-time gas concentration is greater than a preset gas concentration, issuing a first-level warning. In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes stopping mining coal in the roadway, stopping transporting coal out of the roadways and 20 increasing the air volume of the exhaust pipeline and the air volume of the air inlet pipeline after the first-level warning is issued. In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes detecting an air flow speed in the air inlet pipeline in the roadway and recording it as a first air flow speed; detecting an air flow speed in the air inlet pipeline outside the roadway and recording 25 it as a second air flow speed; under the condition that the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to a preset value, issuing a second-level warning. In some embodiments, the preset value is 4% to 6% of the first air flow speed In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes 30 under the conditions that the second air flow speed is less than the first air flow speed, the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is less than or equal to the preset gas concentration, checking whether the air inlet pipeline outside the roadway is damaged; under the conditions that the second air flow speed is less than the first air flow speed, the difference between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is greater than the preset gas concentration, stopping mining coal in the roadway, stopping transporting coal out of the roadway, and increasing an air flow speed of extracting air, and then checking whether the air inlet pipeline in the roadway is damaged; under the conditions that the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is less than the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is greater than the preset gas concentration, stopping coal mining in the roadway, stopping transporting coal out of the roadway, and increasing the air volume of the air inlet pipeline and the air volume of the air exhaust pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 15        FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal mining device, an air inlet pipeline of a coal transporting device and an air exhaust pipeline of a coal transporting device of a highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coal transporting unit and an air inlet duct of a highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 20        FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an air door of the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the air door and air door driver of the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an air door and another air door driver of the 25 highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Reference numerals: air inlet pipeline 1; connecting duct 11; air inlet duct 12; exhaust pipeline 2; first fan 3; 30 second fan 4; dust removal assembly 5; dust remover 51; hopper 52; air door 6; exhaust port 61; avoidance area 62; door curtain 63; air bag 64; door frame 65; 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 air door driver 7; rotary cylinder 71; connecting rod 72; support frame 73; roadheader 8; cutting assembly 81; image acquisition assembly 82; coal transporting device 9; coal transporting unit 91; coal transporting part 911; driving part 912; fixing frame 913; first connecting portion 914; second connecting portion 915; stepping platform 10; roadway 200; coal mining working face 201; entrance of the roadway 202. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and are intended to explain the present disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine in embodiments of the present disclosure aims at problems known to the skills in the field that a large number toxic and harmful substances such as dust, gas and carbon monoxide will appear in the 15 roadway 200 when mining coal in the roadway 200, which will not only pollute the atmosphere, but also endanger the life safety of operators. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes that mining coal is carried out in the roadway 200, the coal blocks is transported out of the roadway 200, and air is blown to the coal mining working face 201, and at 20 the same time, air is extracted at the entrance of the roadway 200 to replace the gas in the roadway 200. When the highway mining method for an open-pit mine is used to mine slope coal mine, firstly, the roadway 200 is dug in the open-pit slope, and then operations of coal mining and coal transportation are carried out in the roadway 200. It can be understood that, according to the actual 25 working conditions, operations of coal mining and coal transportation can be carried out at the same time, for example, coal blocks can be transported out of the roadway 200 while mining. In some embodiments, the coal mining operation and the coal transportation operation can also be carried out at different times, for example, when the coal mining operation is carried out, the coal transportation operation stops; or when coal transportation is carried out, the coal mining operation 30 stops. When using the highway mining method for an open-pit mine to mine coal mine of slope, it is 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 necessary to carry out ventilation and dust removal, transport the fresh airflow outside the roadway 200 to the vicinity of the coal mining working face 201, and at the same time extract air at the entrance 202 of the roadway, so as to reduce the concentration of toxic and harmful substances such as dust, gas and carbon monoxide in the roadway 200, and then replace the air in the roadway 200 in time, so as to remove the toxic and harmful substances such as dust, gas and carbon monoxide from the roadway. For example, air is blown at a distance of 1 to 5 meters near the coal mining working face 201. Air is extracted at the entrance 202 of the roadway, or air is extracted within 10 meters from the entrance 202 of the roadway in the roadway 200. It should be noted that according to the actual working conditions, ventilation and dust removal operations and coal mining operations can be carried out at the same time or at different times. Ventilation and dust removal operations and coal transportation operations can be carried out at the same time or different times. In the related art, in order to ensure the ventilation safety in the slope mining process, 15 nitrogen is injected into the roadway 200 of slope, to reduce the oxygen content in the roadway 200, thus ensuring the ventilation safety. However, this method has some problems, such as high economic cost and dust not being treated in time. In another related technology, the dust in the roadway 200 can be exhausted and purified by means of extracting air and dust removal. However, limited by the size of the equipment in the roadway 200, the gas and dust generated at the cutting 20 head of the roadheader 8 cannot be treated in time, which will cause certain safety hazards. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure does not require operators to enter the roadway 200 when mining slope coal mine. Furthermore, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine in embodiments of the present disclosure can prevent harmful substances such as dust or gas in the roadway 200 from diffusing 25 into the atmosphere, thereby not only improving the operation safety, but also ensuring the safe and environmentally friendly mining of highway in slope. Therefore, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine in embodiments of the present disclosure has the advantages of high safety performance and good environmental protection effect. In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to 30 embodiments of the present disclosure further includes dedusting the gas extracted from the roadway 200. 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a dust removal assembly 5 is arranged outside the roadway 200. The dust removal assembly 5 includes a dust remover 51 and a hopper 52. The hopper 52 is connected with the dust remover 51 and located below the dust remover 51, and the hopper 52 is hermetically connected with the dust remover 51. The gas extracted from the roadway 200 is introduced into the dust removal assembly 5, and the dust filtered by the dust remover 51 falls into the hopper 52 under the action of gravity for recycling and reusing, so that not only can the dust be prevented from polluting the atmosphere, but also the resource utilization rate can be improved. In some embodiments, the steps of mining coal in the roadway 200, blowing air to the coal mining working face 201 and extracting air at the entrance of the roadway 200 are simultaneously performed. Therefore, coal transport operation is carried out at the same time as coal mining operation, so that the mined coal mine can be transported from the roadway 200 to the outside of the roadway 200 in time, and the coal mining operation, coal transport operation and ventilation and dust removal operation are carried out at the same time, so that toxic and harmful substances such as dust, gas, carbon monoxide and the like generated in the coal mining operation and coal 15 transport operation are discharged in time, and the time of harmful substances staying in the roadway 200 is reduced or even avoided, so that the normal operation of coal mining operation and coal transport operation is ensured, and the coal mining efficiency is further improved. In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes installing an air door 6 at the entrance of the roadway 200, and making the outer peripheral wall of 20 the air door 6 sealingly connected with the inner peripheral wall of the roadway 200. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the air door 6 is arranged at the entrance 202 of the roadway, so that the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure can use the air door 6 to ensure the formation of an effective air wall at the entrance 202 of the roadway, thereby inhibiting harmful substances such as dust or gas in the roadway 200 from 25 spreading out of the roadway 200, and further improving the safety of the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the air door 6 is provided in the roadway 200, and the distance between the air door 6 and the entrance 202 of the roadway is less than 3 meters. In some embodiments, air is blown to the coal mining working face 201 with the air inlet 30 pipeline 1. The air inlet pipeline 1 has a first end and a second end in an extension direction of air inlet pipeline 1. The first end is located outside the roadway 200, and the second end is located 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 inside the roadway 200. The distance between the first end and the air door 6 is more than 5 meters. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the extension direction of the air inlet pipeline 1 is consistent with the left-right direction shown in FIG. 1, the first end of the air inlet pipeline 1 is the left end of the air inlet pipeline 1, and the second end of the air inlet pipeline 1 is the right end of the air inlet pipeline 1. The left end of the air inlet pipeline 1 is located outside the roadway 200 and communicates with the atmosphere, and the right end of the air inlet pipeline 1 is located near the coal mining working face 201. In the left-right direction, the distance between the left end of the air inlet pipeline 1 and the air door 6 is more than 5 meters. Therefore, air with dust near the air door 6 can be prevented from entering the roadway 200 through the left end of the air inlet pipeline 1, thus ensuring that the air in the air inlet pipeline 1 is fresh air, and further improving the dust removal efficiency of the highway mining method for an open-pit mine. It should be noted that the right end of the air inlet pipeline 1 is provided with a first fan 3, which is located in the roadway 200, and the airflow outside the roadway 200 can be easily introduced into the roadway 200 by using the first fan 3. 15        In some embodiments, the first fan 3 and the second fan 4 are axial fans. In some embodiments, the air in the roadway 200 is exhausted by the exhaust pipeline 2. One end of the exhaust pipeline 2 is arranged outside the roadway 200 and communicates with the atmosphere, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline 2 communicates with the inside of roadway 200, and the air volume of the exhaust pipeline 2 is greater than that of the air inlet pipeline 1. 20        For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the right end of the exhaust pipeline 2 can communicate with the roadway 200, and the left end of the exhaust pipeline 2 is connected with the dust removal assembly 5. The harmful substances in the roadway 200 enter the dust removal assembly 5 through the exhaust pipeline 2 after being diluted in the roadway 200, and the dust removal assembly 5 can filter out solid particles such as dust. Since toxic gases such as gas and carbon monoxide have 25 been diluted to a safe range, there is no need to worry that harmful gases such as gas and carbon monoxide will endanger the safety of workers. The exhaust air volume of the exhaust pipeline 2 is 1.2 times greater than the intake air volume of the air inlet pipeline 1, for example, the exhaust air volume of the exhaust pipeline 2 is 1.2 times, 1.3 times, 2 times, 3 times, etc of the intake air volume of the air inlet pipeline 1. 30 Therefore, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure can ensure that all harmful substances such as dust or gas in the roadway 200 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 can enter the atmosphere through the exhaust pipeline 2, thereby preventing harmful substances such as dust or gas from entering the atmosphere through the entrance 202 of the roadway, with a good environmental protection effect. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, the air door 6 is provided with an exhaust port 61 and an avoidance area 62, and the exhaust port 61 is communicated with the exhaust pipeline, and the avoidance area 62 is convenient for the air inlet pipeline 1 to pass through. The positions of the exhaust port 61 and the avoidance area 62 are designed according to the relative positions of the exhaust pipeline 2 and the air inlet pipeline 1. For example, when the exhaust pipeline 2 is arranged above the air inlet pipeline 1, the exhaust port 61 is arranged above the avoidance area 62. Alternatively, when the exhaust pipeline 2 and the air inlet pipeline 1 are set at the same height, and the exhaust port 61 and the avoidance area 62 are set at the same height. In some embodiments, due to the limited width of the roadway 200, the exhaust pipeline 2 is arranged above the air inlet pipeline 1, and the exhaust port 61 is arranged above the avoidance area 62. Therefore, the air door 6 of the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to 15 embodiments of the present disclosure has a compact structure and is convenient to adapt to the width of the roadway 200. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, an air bag 64 is provided between the outer peripheral side of the air door 6 and the inner peripheral side of the roadway 200 to seal the air door 6 and the roadway 200. For example, the air bag 64 is fixed on the outer peripheral side of the 20 air door 6, and when using the highway mining method for an open-pit mine to work, the air bag 64 is inflated to form an effective seal at the contact part between the air door 6 and the roadway 200, thereby improving the sealing performance of the air door 6, so as to prevent harmful substances such as dust or gas in the roadway 200 from diffusing outside the roadway 200, thus improving the safety of the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to 25 embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the air door 6 includes a door curtain 63, a door frame 65 and an air door driver 7. The airbag 64 is connected to the door frame 65, and the shape of the lower end of the door curtain 63 is fitted with the shape of the outer periphery of the air inlet pipeline 1, thereby limiting the avoidance area 62 so that the air inlet pipeline 1 can pass 30 through the air door 6. The air door driver 7 is arranged outside the air door 6 to control the opening and closing of the air door 6. 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 When the air door 6 is working, the air door driver 7 is used to drive the air door 6 to the entrance 202 of the roadway, and then the airbag 64 is inflated with air, so that the airbag 64 is attached to the inner peripheral wall of the roadway 200, thereby reducing the leakage of dust or gas in the roadway 200 to the outside of the roadway 200. Using the door curtain 63 to shield the vicinity of the air inlet pipeline 1 can not only ensure the normal use of the air inlet pipeline 1, but also further reduce the leakage of dust or gas in the roadway 200 to the outside of the roadway 200. After the mining work is finished, the air in the air bag 64 is released, and the air door 6 is removed from the entrance 202 of the roadway by using the air door driver 7. In some embodiments, the air door driver 7 is a hydraulic cylinder. There may be multiple hydraulic cylinders, and multiple hydraulic cylinders are arranged at intervals. Because the air door 6 is provided with the avoidance area 62, it is impossible for the air door 6 to completely seal the entrance 202 of the roadway. The closer to the air door 6 outside of the roadway 200, the higher the dust concentration in the air is. As shown in FIG. 4, in some embodiments, the air door driver 7 includes two telescopic 15 pieces with the same structure, so as to control the air door 6 to move in the left-right direction. As shown in FIG. 5, in some embodiments, the air door driver 7 includes a rotary cylinder 71, a connecting rod 72 and a support frame 73. The rotary cylinder 71 is fixed on the stepping platform 10, and one end of the connecting rod 72 is connected with the rotary cylinder 71, the other end of the connecting rod 72 is connected with the air door 6 by welding, and the middle part 20 of the connecting rod 72 is hinged with the support frame 73. When the oil cylinder is extended, the right end of the connecting rod 72 moves upward relative to the support frame 73, thus driving the air door 6 to move upward, so that the air door 6 is separated from the roadway 200. When the oil cylinder retracts, the right end of the connecting rod 72 moves downward relative to the support frame 73, thereby driving the air door 6 to move downward, and then air door 6 clings to the 25 roadway 200. In some embodiments, the coal transporting device 9 further comprises a stepping platform 10, the air door driver 7 is connected with the stepping platform 10, and the exhaust pipeline 2 is fixed on the stepping platform 10. In some embodiments, coal is mined by a coal mining device, and coal blocks are transported 30 by a coal transporting device 9, and the coal mining device is connected with the coal transporting device 9. The coal transporting device 9 includes a plurality of coal transporting units 91, and the 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 air inlet pipeline 1 includes a plurality of air inlet ducts 12. The plurality of coal transporting units 91 are in on-to-one correspondence to the plurality of air inlet ducts 12, and each coal transporting unit 91 is connected with each air inlet duct 12. When the coal mining device advances, the coal transporting unit 91 and the air inlet duct 12 are added to the coal transporting device 9 outside the roadway 200; when the coal mining device retreats, the coal transporting unit 91 and the air inlet duct 12 are detached from the coal transporting device 9 outside the roadway 200. For example, the coal mining device includes a roadheader 8, and the coal seam in the roadway 200 is mined by the roadheader 8. The coal transporting unit 91 is connected with the roadheader 8, and the coal excavated by the roadheader 8 can be transported to the outside of the roadway 200 through the coal transporting unit 91. There are a plurality of coal transporting units 91 and air inlet ducts 12, and two adjacent coal transporting units 91 are detachably connected, and a plurality of air inlet ducts 12 are interconnected and two adjacent air inlet ducts 12 are detachably connected. And a plurality of coal transporting units 91 are connected with a plurality of air inlet ducts 12 in one-to-one correspondence, in other words, the coal transporting device 9 15 has a plurality of sections, and the air inlet pipeline 1 has a plurality of sections. It should be noted that the first fan 3 is provided in the roadway 200. In some embodiments, the first fan 3 is arranged on the air inlet duct 12 adjacent to the roadheader 8, and the first fan 3 is used to blow air into the roadway 200, so it is not necessary to disassemble this section of air inlet duct 12 when the roadheader 8 advances or retreats. Further, when the roadheader 8 advances or 20 retreats, the section of coal transporting unit 91 adjacent to the roadheader 8 does not need to be disassembled. Other coal transporting units 91 and air inlet ducts 12 are selectively used according to the length of roadway 200. In the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure, when the roadheader 8 keeps advancing, the coal transporting unit 91 is added to the 25 coal transporting device 9 outside the roadway 200, and the air inlet duct 12 is added to the air inlet pipeline 1 outside the roadway 200. When the roadheader 8 keeps retreating, the coal transporting unit 91 is detached from the coal transporting device 9 outside the roadway 200, and the air inlet duct 12 is detached from the air inlet pipeline 1 outside the roadway 200. Therefore, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present 30 disclosure can flexibly adjust the length of the coal mining device and the air inlet pipeline 1 according to the actual working conditions of the open-pit slope, thereby improving the coal 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 mining efficiency. In some embodiments, the coal mining device can also be other coal mining apparatus such as a continuous miner. In some embodiments, when the coal transporting unit 91 works in the roadway 200, it moves in the left-right direction. One end of the coal transporting unit 91 is provided with a first connecting portion 914, and the other end of the coal transporting unit 91 is provided with a second connecting portion 915. Two adjacent coal transporting units 91 may be connected via the second connecting portion 915 and the first connecting portion 914. For example, the first connecting portion 914 and the second connecting portion 915 are connected together by clamping or hooking. Therefore, it is convenient to connect and separate two adjacent coal transporting units 91. In some embodiments, the coal mining device includes a roadheader 8, which includes a body of the roadheader 8 and a cutting assembly 81. The cutting assembly 81 is swingably arranged on the body of the roadheader 8, and the air inlet pipeline 1 includes a connecting duct 11 and a 15 plurality of air inlet ducts 12. The connecting duct 11 is communicated with the air inlet ducts 12, and the connecting duct 11 is fixed on the cutting assembly 81 of the roadheader 8, and the connecting duct 11 is swingably connected with the air inlet duct 12 so as to swing with the cutting assembly 81. Further, the cutting assembly 81 is arranged at the right end of the roadheader 8. The cutting assembly 81 is used for mining slope coal, and the cutting assembly 81 can swing relative 20 to the body of the roadheader 8 to mine slope coal at different positions. The connecting duct 11 is fixed on the cutting assembly 81, so that the connecting duct 11 may blow air to the coal mining working face in time when the cutting assembly 81 is mining slope coal, so as to dilute harmful gases such as gas released in the coal seam near the coal mining working face 201. In some embodiments, a flexible section is provided between the connecting duct 11 and the 25 air inlet duct 12, so that the connecting duct 11 can swing relative to the air inlet duct 12. It should be noted that the flexible section must be a skeleton air duct, so that the connecting duct 11 can move relative to the air inlet duct 12. In some embodiments, a flexible section is provided between two adjacent air inlet ducts 12, so that one section of air inlet duct 12 can move relative to the other section of air inlet duct 12. 30        In some embodiments, the air inlet duct 12 may adopt a skeleton air duct or a steel air duct. In some embodiments, the air inlet duct 12 adopts a steel air duct. 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 It can be understood that under normal circumstances, the width dimension of the roadway 200 is smaller than the height dimension of the roadway 200, and the connecting duct 11 is arranged above the cutting assembly 81, so that the structure is compact. In some embodiments, the connecting duct 11 is also provided with a flow guide (not shown in the figure), and the flow guide is provided at the right end of the connecting duct 11, so that the air outlet angle of the air inlet pipeline 1 can be easily adjusted by using the flow guide, so as to accurately control the air outlet angle of the air inlet pipeline 1. In some embodiments, the flow guide includes a plurality of flow guide deflectors and a flow guide driver, and the flow guide driver can drive the plurality of flow guide deflectors to rotate, thereby flexibly adjusting the air outlet angle of the air inlet pipeline 1. In some embodiments, the cutting assembly 81 includes a cutting arm and a cutting head, and the outlet of the connecting duct 11 is provided in the middle of the cutting arm so as to ascend and descend with the ascending and descending of the cutting arm, thus ensuring that fresh air flows directly to the cutting head. 15        In some embodiments, the outlet of the connecting duct 11 may be made into a rectangular outlet with the same width as the cutting arm. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the coal transporting unit 91 includes a coal transporting part 911 and a driving part 912, and the coal transporting part 911 is fixed on the driving part 912, and is used to transport slope coal from the inside of the roadway 200 to the 20 outside of the roadway 200, and the driving part 912 is used to drive the coal transporting unit 91 to move. Therefore, slope coal can be transported from the inside of the roadway 200 to the outside of the roadway 200 by using the coal transporting part 911, and the position of the coal transporting unit 91 can be easily adjusted by using the driving part 912, so that the coal transporting unit 91 can move inside and outside the roadway 200. 25        In some embodiments, the coal transporting part 911 is provided above the driving part 912, and the coal transporting part 911 is a conveyor belt, and the driving part 912 is a trolley with wheels and an explosion-proof engine. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the coal transporting unit 91 further includes a fixing frame 913, and the air inlet duct 12 is provided on the fixing frame 913 and spaced from the 30 coal transporting part 911. The fixing frames 913 are used to fix the air inlet duct 12, and there are various structures of the fixing frames 913. For example, the fixing frames 913 are annular and 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 there are a plurality of fixing frames 913, and the plurality of fixing frames 913 are arranged on the coal transporting part 911 at intervals along the left-right direction, and each fixing frame 913 is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral surface of the air inlet duct 12. In some embodiments, the fixing frame 913 is a frame extending in the left-right direction, and the fixing frame 913 is fixedly connected with the air inlet duct 12. The fixing frames 913 may be arranged on both sides of the coal transporting part 911, for example, between the coal transporting part 911 and the rock wall of the roadway 200. In some embodiments, when the coal transporting unit 91 runs in the roadway 200, the space between the coal transporting unit 91 and the side wall of the roadway 200 is small, and the fixing frame 913 is arranged above the coal transporting part 911, thereby being beneficial to saving the space in the roadway 200. Therefore, it is convenient to fix the air inlet duct 12 by using the fixing frame 913, thereby facilitating the air inlet duct 12 to stably introduce the air into the roadway 200. In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes that the real-time gas concentration in roadway 200 is detected; when the real-time gas concentration is 15 greater than the preset gas concentration, a first-level warning is issued. For example, a gas concentration sensor (not shown in the figure) is provided on the roadheader 8 in the roadway 200, and a controller and an alarm are provided on the roadheader 8 or outside the roadway 200. The gas concentration sensor can transmit the collected information to the controller. If the controller determines that the value detected by the gas concentration sensor 20 exceeds the preset gas concentration, the controller controls the alarm to sound the first-level warning to remind the operators to take relevant measures in time. In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes that coal mining in the roadway 200 is stopped, transporting coal to the roadway 200 is stopped, and the air volume of the exhaust pipeline 2 and the air volume of the exhaust pipeline 2 are increased 25 after issuing the first-level warning. When the gas concentration sensor is greater than the preset gas concentration, the alarm sounds a first-level warning, operations of coal mining and coal transportation stop, and the second fan 4 accelerates to rotate so as to increase the air flow speed in the exhaust pipeline 2, thereby discharging the gas in the roadway 200 in time. 30        In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes that the air flow speed in the air inlet pipeline 1 in the roadway 200 is detected and recorded as the first 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 air flow speed; the air flow speed in the air inlet pipeline 1 outside the roadway 200 is detected and recorded as the second air flow speed; when the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, a second-level warning is issued. For example, a first air flow speed sensor is provided on the air inlet duct 12 where the first fan 3 is located, and the first air flow speed sensor is adjacent to the first fan 3, and a second air flow speed sensor is provided on each remaining air inlet duct 12. When the highway mining method for an open-pit mine is used to mine slope coal mine, the first air flow speed sensor works, and the second air flow speed sensor located on the leftmost air inlet duct 12 of the air inlet pipeline 1 works. The first air flow speed sensor is used to detect the air flow speed in the air inlet pipeline 1 located in the roadway 200. It can be understood that the first air flow speed sensor is used to detect the air flow speed flowing out of the air inlet pipeline 1, and the second air flow speed sensor is used to detect the air flow speed at the left end of the air inlet pipeline 1. Since the first air flow speed sensor is located near the first fan 3 and the second air flow speed sensor is 15 located far away from the first fan 3, the first air flow speed is always greater than the second air flow speed. Both the first air flow speed sensor and the second air flow speed sensor are electrically connected with the controller. In some embodiments, the preset value is 4% to 6% of the first air flow speed. If the controller detects that the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow 20 speed is greater than or equal to 4% of the first air flow speed, or the controller detects that the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to 5% of the first air flow speed, or the controller detects that the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to 6% of the first air flow speed, it indicates that there is an abnormal situation, and the alarm sounds a second-level 25 warning to remind the operator to check. It should be noted that the ringtones of the first-level warning and the second-level warning are different, so that operators can take different countermeasures according to different ringtones. Therefore, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure can detect whether there is any abnormal situation in the mining process in time 30 via the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed, thus facilitating the improvement of the safety of coal mining. 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes that under the condition that the second air flow speed is less than the first air flow speed, the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to the preset value and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway 200 is less than or equal to the preset gas concentration, whether the air inlet pipeline 1 outside the roadway 200 is damaged is checked. Under the condition that the second air flow speed is less than the first air flow speed, the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to the preset value and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway 200 is greater than the preset gas concentration, coal mining in the roadway 200 is stopped, transporting coal out of the roadway 200 is stopped, and the air flow speed for extracting air is increased, and then whether the air inlet pipeline 1 in the roadway 200 is damaged is checked. Under the condition that the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is less than the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway 200 15 is greater than the preset gas concentration, coal mining in the roadway 200 is stopped, transporting coal to the roadway 200 is stopped, and the air volume of the air inlet pipeline 1 and the air volume of the air exhaust pipeline 2 are increased. For example, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure may determine various unexpected situations via the first air flow speed, the 20 second air flow speed and real-time gas concentration. In first situation, if the second air flow speed is less than the first air flow speed, and the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to 5% of the first air flow speed, it means that the first air flow speed is normal and the second air flow speed is abnormal, that is, the air inlet pipeline 1 is disconnected. If the real-time 25 gas concentration in the roadway 200 is less than or equal to the preset gas concentration, it means that the gas concentration in the roadway 200 is normal, which indicates that the air intake and air extracting in the roadway 200 are normal at this time, that is, the air flow path is normal, meaning that the disconnection position of the air inlet pipeline 1 is outside the roadway 200. In second situation, if the second air flow speed is less than the first air flow speed, and the 30 difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to 5% of the first air flow speed, it means that the first air flow speed is normal and the 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 second air flow speed is abnormal, that is, the air inlet pipeline 1 is disconnected. The real-time gas concentration in roadway 200 is greater than the preset gas concentration, indicating that the air flow path in roadway 200 is abnormal at this time, and most of the gas has been circulating in roadway 200. At this time, air enters from the left end of air inlet pipeline 1 and flows out from the right end of air inlet pipeline 1 in roadway 200, that is, the disconnection position of air inlet pipeline 1 is in roadway 200. If this happens, the coal mining operation and coal transportation operation should be immediately stopped, the air flow speed of air extraction should be increased, and the coal mining device, coal transportation device and air inlet pipeline 1 should be pulled out of the roadway 200 after the gas is exhausted, and whether the air inlet pipeline 1 in the roadway is disconnected or damaged should be checked. In third situation, if the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is less than 5% of the first air flow speed, it means that the air intake in the air inlet pipeline 1 is normal. At this time, if the real-time gas concentration in the roadway 200 is greater than the preset gas concentration, it means that the gas gushing phenomenon has occurred in the 15 roadway 200. At this time, the coal mining operation and coal transportation operation should be stopped immediately, and the rotating speeds of the first motor and the second motor should be increased, so that dilatation of the gas in the roadway 200 may be accelerated and the gas in the roadway 200 may be discharged in time. In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes that 20 air intake and air exhaust is stopped after coal mining finishes for a preset time. Inert gas is introduced into the roadway 200, and the entrance 202 of the roadway is sealed. For example, after the coal mining operation is completed, the coal mining device stops working, and the time when the last wave of airflow with harmful substances arrives at the entrance 202 of the roadway is calculated, and then stopping of the first fan 3 and the second fan 4 25 are delayed so as to discharge the harmful substances in the roadway 200 out of roadway 200 as much as possible, and then the concentration of harmful substances in the roadway 200 is controlled within a safe range. For the roadway 200 with high gas concentration, during the time when the coal mining device moves to the entrance 202 of the roadway, stopping of the air intake and extraction are delayed at this time, so as to discharge the harmful substances in the roadway 30   200 out of roadway 200 as much as possible, and then control the concentration of harmful substances in the roadway 200 within a safe range. 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 In order to improve the safety of coal mining, inert gas, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., may also be introduced into the roadway 200 through the air inlet pipeline 1 during the retreat of the coal mining device, thus preventing spontaneous combustion of coal in the roadway 200. When the coal mining device, coal transporting device 9 and other apparatus are all retreated from the roadway 200, the entrance 202 of the roadway will be sealed in time to prevent harmful substances in the roadway 200 from leaking into the atmosphere. There are many measures to seal the entrance 202 of the roadway, such as building a brick wall at the exit of the roadway 200, or filling the filler at the entrance 202 of the roadway. Therefore, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to embodiments of the present disclosure are able to improve the safety of coal mining in open-pit slope. In some embodiments, the highway mining method for an open-pit mine further includes detecting the real-time dust concentration near the air door 6 outside the preset dust concentration roadway 200, and issuing a warning if the dust concentration is greater than the preset dust concentration; and increasing the air volume of the exhaust pipeline 2. 15        For example, a dust concentration sensor (not shown in the figure) is provided outside the roadway 200, and is provided adjacent to the air door 6, and is provided outside the air door 6. The dust concentration sensor can be used to detect the dust concentration in the air outside the air door 6, that is, the dust concentration in the air at the entrance 202 of the roadway. When the value of the dust concentration sensor is greater than the preset value, it means that the dust concentration 20 in the roadway 200 is too high. At this time, the rotation speed of the second fan 4 should be increased to improve the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust pipeline 2. Therefore, the safety of the highway mining method for an open-pit mine may be improved by using the dust concentration sensor. In some embodiments, image information within the roadway 200 is collected. For example, 25 the coal mining device also includes an image acquisition assembly 82, and the image acquisition assembly 82 is provided on the roadheader 8. There are a plurality of image acquisition assemblies 82, and the plurality of image acquisition assemblies 82 are electrically connected with the controller, and the state information of the roadheader 8 is collected by means of the image acquisition assembly 82, and the information transmitted by the image acquisition assembly 82 is 30 received by the controller, so that operators can observe the state of the roadheader 8. For example, when the roadheader 8 is working, the operator is located outside the roadway 200, and the 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 operator can collect the working state of the roadheader 8 by using the image acquisition assembly 82; when the roadheader 8 is out of order, the information collected by the image acquisition assembly 82 can be used to preliminarily judge the parts of the roadheader 8 that are out of order. Further, one of the image acquisition assemblies 82 is arranged opposite to the right end of the connecting duct 11 in the extending direction of the roadway 200. Therefore, the air flow in the air inlet pipeline 1 can sweep the dust on the image acquisition assembly 82, so as to prevent the dust from accumulating on the image acquisition assembly 82, and further ensure that the image acquisition assembly 82 can acquire a clear image, which is convenient for operators to observe the state of the cutting assembly 81. In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial” and “circumferential” and the like, is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the 15 attached drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, and be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms “first” and “second” are only used for purpose of description, and 20 cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present disclosure, “a plurality of” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as “install”, 25 “interconnect”, “connect”, “fix” shall be understood broadly, and may be, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; may also be mechanical or electrical connections or intercommunication; may also be direct connections or indirect connections via intervening media; may also be inner communications or interactions of two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the 30 present disclosure can be understood in specific situations. In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly defined and specified, a structure in 2022455483   10 Aug 2026 which a first feature is “on” or “below” a second feature may include an embodiment in which the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or may further include an embodiment in which the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through intermediate media. Furthermore, a first feature “on”, “above”, or “on top of” a second feature may include an embodiment in which the first feature is right or obliquely “on”, “above”, or “on top of” the second feature, or just means that the first feature is at a height higher than that of the second feature, while a first feature “below”, “under”, or “on bottom of” a second feature may include an embodiment in which the first feature is right or obliquely “below”, “under”, or “on bottom of” the second feature, or just means that the first feature is at a height lower than that of the second feature. In the description of the present disclosure, terms such as “an embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “an example”, “a specific example” or “some examples” means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Thus, the 15 appearances of these terms in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine and unite different embodiments or examples or features of the different embodiments or 20 examples described in this specification. Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and shall not be understood as limitation to the present disclosure, and changes, modifications, alternatives and variations can be made in the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure by those skilled in the 25 art.

Claims

1. A highway mining method for an open-pit mine, comprising:mining coal in a roadway;transporting a coal block out of the roadway;blowing air to a coal mining working face, and at the same time, extracting air at an entrance of the roadway to replace the air in the roadway, andinstalling an air door at the entrance of the roadway, and hermetically connecting an outer peripheral wall of the air door with an inner peripheral wall of the roadway,wherein air is blown to the coal mining working face by an air inlet pipeline;wherein the air door comprises a door curtain, an airbag, a door frame and an air door driver; and the air bag is arranged between the outer peripheral side of the air door and the inner peripheral side of the roadway and is connected with the door frame, and air is inflated into the air bag so as to form an effective seal at a contacting part between the air door and the roadway; and the shape of a lower end of the door curtain is fitted with the shape of the outer periphery of the air15 inlet pipeline, thereby limiting an avoidance area for the air inlet pipeline to pass through the air door; and the air door driver is provided at an outer side of the air door and configured to control the opening and closing of the air door; andwherein the air door driver comprises a rotary cylinder, a connecting rod and a support frame, the rotary cylinder is fixed on a stepping platform, and one end of the connecting rod is connected20 with the rotary cylinder, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the air door by welding, and the middle part of the connecting rod is hinged with the support frame.

2. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 1, wherein the steps of mining coal in the roadway, blowing air to the coal mining working face and extracting air at25 the entrance of the roadway are carried out simultaneously.

3. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet pipeline comprises a first end and a second end provided along an extension direction of the air inlet pipeline, and the first end is arranged outside the roadway, the second end is arranged30 inside the roadway, and a distance between the first end and the air door is more than 5 meters.2022455483   10 Aug 20264. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 3, wherein a right end of the air inlet pipeline is provided with a first fan, and the first fan is located in the roadway for blowing air into the roadway.

5. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 3, wherein the air in the roadway is exhausted by an exhaust pipeline, and one end of the exhaust pipeline is arranged outside the roadway and communicated with the atmosphere, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the inside of roadway, and the air volume of the exhaust pipeline is 1.2 times greater than that of the air inlet pipeline.

6. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to any one of claims 3 to 5, further comprising:mining coal by using a coal mining device;transporting the coal block by using a coal transporting device;15        wherein, the coal mining device is connected with the coal transporting device; and the coaltransporting device comprises a plurality of coal transporting units, and the air inlet pipeline comprises a plurality of air inlet ducts; and the plurality of coal transporting units are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of air inlet ducts, and each coal transporting unit is connected with each air inlet duct; under the condition that the coal mining device advances, the coal 20 transporting unit and the air inlet duct are further installed on the coal transporting device outside the roadway; under the condition that the coal mining device retreats, the coal transporting unit and the air inlet duct are detached from the coal transporting device outside the roadway.

7. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 6, wherein the coal 25 mining device comprises a roadheader, which comprises a body of the roadheader and a cutting assembly, and the cutting assembly is swingably arranged on the body of the roadheader; the air inlet pipeline further comprises a connecting duct, and the connecting duct is communicated with the air inlet duct, fixed on the cutting assembly, swingably connected with the air inlet duct so as to swing with the cutting assembly, and the connecting duct is configured to blow air to the coal 30 mining working face when the cutting assembly is mining slope coal.2022455483   10 Aug 20268. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 7, wherein the connecting duct is provided with a flow guide, and the flow guide is arranged at a right end of the connecting duct for adjusting the air outlet angle of the air inlet pipeline.

9. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 6, further comprising: detecting the real-time gas concentration in the roadway;under the condition that the real-time gas concentration is greater than a preset gas concentration, issuing a first-level warning.

10. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 9, further comprising: stopping mining coal in the roadway, stopping transporting coal out of the roadway, and increasing the air volume of the exhaust pipeline and the air volume of the air inlet pipeline after the first-level warning is issued.15        11. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 9, furthercomprising:detecting an air flow speed in the air inlet pipeline in the roadway and recording it as a first air flow speed;detecting an air flow speed in the air inlet pipeline outside the roadway and recording it as a 20 second air flow speed;under the condition that the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to a preset value, issuing a second-level warning.

12. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 11, wherein the 25 preset value is 4% to 6% of the first air flow speed.

13. The highway mining method for an open-pit mine according to claim 11, further comprising:under the conditions that the second air flow speed is less than the first air flow speed, the 30 difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is less than or equal to2022455483   10 Aug 2026the preset gas concentration, checking whether the air inlet pipeline outside the roadway is damaged;under the conditions that the second air flow speed is less than the first air flow speed, the difference between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is greater than the preset gas concentration, stopping mining coal in the roadway, stopping transporting coal out of the roadway, and increasing an air flow speed of extracting air, and then checking whether the air inlet pipeline in the roadway is damaged;under the conditions that the difference value between the first air flow speed and the second air flow speed is less than the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the roadway is greater than the preset gas concentration, stopping coal mining in the roadway, stopping transporting coal out of the roadway, and increasing the air volume of the air inlet pipeline and the air volume of the air exhaust pipeline.

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